CN108294305A - 含原花青素的缓解视疲劳组合物 - Google Patents
含原花青素的缓解视疲劳组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108294305A CN108294305A CN201810146021.2A CN201810146021A CN108294305A CN 108294305 A CN108294305 A CN 108294305A CN 201810146021 A CN201810146021 A CN 201810146021A CN 108294305 A CN108294305 A CN 108294305A
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Abstract
本发明涉及含原花青素的缓解视疲劳组合物,属于医药健康领域。本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供缓解视疲劳的组合物,该组合物是活性成分包括茶氨酸和原花青素的食品、保健品或药品。人群试用结果表明,本发明组合物不仅针对视疲劳眼睛局部症状,更能够明显改善不同程度视疲劳引起的全身症状,如注意力不集中、记忆力下降等,缓解视疲劳效果显著,具有广阔的市场前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及含原花青素的缓解视疲劳组合物,属于医药健康领域。
背景技术
视疲劳又称眼疲劳,是以患者眼的自觉症状为基础,眼或全身器质性因素与精神(心理)因素相互交织的综合征,并非独立的眼病,因而常常被称为眼疲劳综合征(参见:1、李凤鸣.中华眼科学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2006,7~8;2、渠鸿颖等.视疲劳病因及其治疗的研究进展[J].中国中医眼科杂志,2003,14(1):59~61)。轻度视疲劳会在用眼后出现眼部酸、胀等眼部症状,休息后很快恢复;中度视疲劳会有明显的眼部症状,影响学习和工作;重度视疲劳除有明显的眼部症状和视作业不能持久外,还有记忆力减退、失眠等全身不适症状,干扰患者的视觉和生活质量,严重影响学习、工作和生活(参见:马越.花青素饮料缓解视疲劳作用的人体试验观察.中国食品学报[J].2015,8(15):8)。
轻度的视疲劳往往得不到人们的重视,导致视疲劳症状加重,长期反复出现视疲劳可能会引发多种眼部疾病,如干眼症、屈光不正、VDT(visual display terminal)综合症、电脑视觉综合症,加剧了年龄相关性眼病的发生。近年来,随着视屏终端设备和3D立体影像的普及和现代社会工作生活节奏的加快,视疲劳人群的范围也在不断扩大。据中国互联网络信息中心(China InternetNetwork InformationCenter,CNNIC)的数据显示,截至2013年初,中国网民规模已经达到5.64亿;美国至少有14%~23%的计算机使用者不同程度患有计算机视觉综合症,在日本、印度及挪威,这一数据分别达到了19.6%、46.3%和62.5%。特别是目前3D游戏的推行,更易引起视疲劳,有研究表明在游戏玩家玩3D游戏时,72%的人在15min内就感到了疲劳,45min后,感觉疲劳的人达到100%。高科技产业领域相关从业者研究显示57%的高校学生自测存在视疲劳相关症状。全世界90%的电脑使用者有眼睛干涩、重影、头疼等视疲劳症状。
现代营养学和医学研究表明导致视疲劳产生的原因主要有:1)自由基学说:眼球长时间处于搜索注视状态,眼外肌和睫状肌代谢增加,造成代谢废物(包括氧自由基)产生积累增加,从而造成肌细胞结构损伤和功能下降,已有研究表明自由基可导致和加剧多种视网膜疾病;2)视细胞营养物质损耗学说:视细胞消耗过度,而所需营养物质供应不及时,造成黄斑及视网膜恢复时间延长。视细胞中营养物质主要包括叶黄素、VA、多不饱和脂肪酸、VB1、VB2、微量矿物质元素等;3)视网膜损伤学说:可见光在视网膜上的聚焦,产生高氧压、高聚光,易发生脂质过氧化反应而其产物吞噬视网膜色素上皮细胞导致其视网膜受损;4)视网膜细胞衰老学说:视网膜色素上皮细胞衰老,导致眼睛老化,进而引发与年龄相关性眼病,如黄斑色素光学密度(macular pigment optical density,MPOD)降低等。流行病学研究认为视疲劳可能和全身性***症状、精神状态和环境因素有关(金鑫缓解视疲劳功能食品及其功效成分研究进展[J].食品科学,2015,36(03))。
随着手机、平板电脑广泛进入人们的生活,人群全体用眼时间不断延长,近距离用眼强度增大,各年龄阶层视疲劳的发生率急速增多。能够改善视疲劳,并缓解由视疲劳带来的注意力、记忆力下降等问题的产品越来越受到消费者青睐。
目前,市面上改善视疲劳的产品通常仅针对蓝光损伤本身,对眼睛局部症状的改善效果不明显,而且并不能解决不同程度视疲劳引起的其他症状,如注意力不集中,记忆力下降等。因此,提供一种对视疲劳眼睛局部症状及全身症状缓解效果明显的产品,成为了一个亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供缓解视疲劳的组合物。
本发明提供了缓解视疲劳的组合物,是活性成分包括茶氨酸和原花青素的食品、保健品或药品。
进一步地,所述活性成分的重量配比为:茶氨酸20~1000份、原花青素1~800份。
进一步地,所述活性成分的重量配比为:茶氨酸100~400份、原花青素1~500份。
优选地,所述活性成分的重量配比为:茶氨酸100~400份、原花青素1~200份。
进一步优选地,所述活性成分的重量配比为:茶氨酸:原花青素=(1~2):1。
进一步地,所述原花青素来源于葡萄籽、葡萄、山楂、花生、银杏、蓝莓、黑豆、油菜、油茶、稻、高粱、可可、蚕豆、扁豆、荔枝、沙棘、苹果、黑莓、野草莓、桂圆、越橘、沙枣、酸果蔓、柿子、山竹、石榴、柏树、松树、银合欢、白桦树、桉树、钩藤毛白杨、肉桂、莽草、茶叶、葡萄藤、山玄参、贯叶连翘、月桂、桉树、玫瑰、牵牛、紫斑蕹菜、红车轴草、睡莲、巴豆、地榆、紫甘薯、野葛、大黄、异叶木属植物中一种或两种以上。
进一步地,活性成分还包括低聚果糖、叶黄素、叶黄素酯、虾青素、(3R,3'R)-二羟基-β-胡萝卜素中一种或两种以上的混合物。
进一步地,活性成分还包括低聚果糖10~1000份。
优选地,活性成分还包括低聚果糖150~300份。
进一步地,所述活性成分的重量配比为:茶氨酸:原花青素:低聚果糖=(1~4):(1~2):(1.5~3)。
优选地,所述活性成分的重量配比为:茶氨酸:原花青素:低聚果糖=4:(2~3):3。
进一步地,所述低聚果糖来源于菊芋、菊苣、蔗糖、芦笋、大蒜、洋葱、韭菜、牛蒡、蜂蜜、香蕉中一种或两种以上。
进一步地,活性成分还包括叶黄素和/或叶黄素酯6~12份。
进一步地,活性成分还包括(3R,3'R)-二羟基-β-胡萝卜素2~4份。
进一步地,活性成分还包括虾青素4~12份。
进一步地,所述的组合物是各重量配比的活性成分,加入可接受的辅料或者辅助性成分制备而成的食品、保健品或药品。
进一步地,所述食品、保健品或药品为口服形式。
进一步地,所述食品、保健品为糖果、果冻、饮料或膳食补充剂。
进一步地,所述糖果为硬糖、奶糖、夹心糖、酥糖、太妃糖、充气糖、凝胶糖、胶基糖、压片糖、流质糖、膜片糖、花式糖或巧克力糖。
所述巧克力糖包括巧克力及巧克力制品、代可可脂巧克力和代可可脂巧克力制品等。
所述果冻的类型包括果汁型、果肉型、果味型、乳汁型等。
本发明提供了所述组合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:取各重量配比的活性成分,加入食品、保健品或药品中可接受的辅料或者辅助性成分,即得。
进一步地,所述的制备方法包括如下步骤:取各重量配比的活性成分,加入糖浆,搅拌均匀,注模,冷却成型,即得糖果。
本发明提供了所述组合物在制备缓解视疲劳的食品、保健品或药品中的用途。
进一步地,所述食品、保健品或药品具有缓解视疲劳所致眼睛局部症状和/或全身症状的功效。
进一步地,所述眼睛局部症状为眼酸痛、眼胀、畏光、视物模糊、眼干涩、异物感或流泪。
进一步地,所述全身症状为注意力下降、记忆力减退、焦虑或失眠。
原花青素是植物中广泛存在的一大类多酚化合物的总称,其结构通式如下。通常将聚合度较低的二~四聚体称低聚原花青素或寡聚原花青素,五聚体及以上则称为高聚原花青素或多聚原花青素。
其中,n为聚合度;R1为H或R2为H或
原花青素具有极强的抗氧化、清除自由基活性,能够改善血管微循环、提高毛细血管强度、预防糖尿病以及改善视力。原花青素通过清除视网膜细胞及肌细胞中的自由基,从而防止由于自由基浓度提高而导致的肌细胞结构损伤和功能下降,其作用机制主要是原花青素能够与自由基交换一个氢原子或电子,与欲清除的自由基有近似的氧化还原电位,生成的自由基通过离域化而稳定。通过研究发现,原花青素以其极强的抗氧化活性和加速视紫红质的再生作用,促进视网膜中的光传导,从而具有保护保护视网膜及预防光损伤的作用。
虾青素,全称为3,3-二羟基-β胡萝卜素-4,4-酮,属于酮式类胡萝卜素,有极强的抗氧化能力,因而具有抗氧化、防止心血管疾病、提高免疫力、抗癌等多种生物学活性。人类视网膜和中枢神经***(脑)富含不饱和脂肪酸,因此,氧化产生的自由基很容易使其发生过氧化损伤。有研究表明,天然虾青素很容易通过血脑屏障和细胞膜,能有效地防止视网膜的氧化和感光细胞的损伤,以及对中枢神经***尤其是对大脑起到保护作用。本发明所述虾青素优选雨生红球藻Haematococcus pluvialis来源。
本发明所述茶氨酸(L-Theanine)即N-乙基-L-谷氨酰胺。茶氨酸是一种主要在茶科植物中存在的独特的氨基酸。自然界存在的茶氨酸为L型,极易溶于水。茶氨酸可以抑制谷氨酸的毒性,保护神经元;具有促进脑波中α波产生的功能,从而引起轻松、愉快的感觉,缓解抑郁和焦虑情绪;降血压;促进注意力集中,增进反应速度和准确性。
低聚果糖为1~4个果糖基以β-2,1键连接在蔗糖的D-果糖基上而形成的蔗果三糖(GF2)、蔗果四糖(GF3)、蔗果五糖(GF4)和蔗果六糖(GF5)的混合物。商品低聚果糖一般还含有少量蔗糖、果糖、葡萄糖。
叶黄素是一种含氧的类胡萝卜素,广泛存在于蔬菜、花卉、水果与某些藻类生物中的天然色素,其结构如下所示:
叶黄素和玉米黄质((3R,3'R)-二羟基-β-胡萝卜素)属于含氧类胡萝卜素,二者在结构上互为同分异构体,人体不能直接合成。叶黄素和玉米黄质广泛分布在人体组织中,其中视网膜黄斑中密度最高,它们是阻止光暴露引起视网膜损伤的最有效成分。越来越多流行病学和临床试验表明,膳食或血清中较高含量的叶黄素和玉米黄质可降低眼部疾病患病风险。
叶黄素在植物组织中与脂肪酸结合生成叶黄素酯并以此形式存在。叶黄素酯在人体内代谢可转化为叶黄素。叶黄素保护视力的机理主要有光屏障作用和抗氧化作用两点。叶黄素可吸收大量蓝光,蓝光是能达到视网膜的可见光中潜在危害性最大的一种光。在光到达视网膜上敏感的细胞前,先经过叶黄素的最高密集区,若黄斑处的叶黄素含量丰富就能将这种伤害减至最小。另外,叶黄素是一种较强的抗氧化剂,具有清除自由基和游离基的作用,可抑制多种原因导致的视网膜、晶状体、黄斑等组织的氧化损伤,以维护正常视力。
本发明提供了缓解视疲劳的组合物。人群试用结果表明,本发明组合物不仅针对视疲劳眼睛局部症状,更能够明显改善不同程度视疲劳引起的精神症状,如注意力不集中、记忆力下降等,缓解视疲劳效果显著,具有广阔的市场前景。
具体实施方式
本发明具体实施方式中使用的原料、设备均为已知产品,通过购买市售产品获得。
本发明提供了缓解视疲劳的组合物,通过将茶氨酸和原花青素组合使用,不仅能够有效改善由视疲劳带来的严重影响工作与生活的全身不适症状,包括可以减轻或缓解注意力及记忆力下降问题,试用者普遍反映使用后情绪焦虑缓解明显,由眼疲劳引发的睡眠问题也明显缓解,而且,人群试用试验表明,加入茶氨酸的产品改善视疲劳眼睛局部症状的效果更加明显,比如,眼酸痛、眼胀、畏光、视物模糊、眼干涩、异物感、流泪等症状都能够得到一定程度的改善,对视疲劳的治疗效果显著。
试用结果表明,单用原花青素虽然对视疲劳眼睛局部症状有缓解作用,但效果欠佳,而且起效很慢。加入茶氨酸后,能够明显加速对眼睛局部症状的缓解效果,而且长期服用后对眼睛局部症状的缓解作用较单用原花青素更佳。此外,加入茶氨酸后还能明显改善注意力和记忆力等全身症状。
本发明组合物可以迅速解决视疲劳全身症状,加快原花青素起效速度,使消费者易于坚持服用,最终使视疲劳症状得到全面缓解。
实施例1本发明糖果产品的制备
原料按重量份数计:叶黄素酯12份、(3R,3'R)-二羟基-β-胡萝卜素4份、原花青素(来源于葡萄籽)200份、茶氨酸400份、低聚果糖(菊芋来源)300份。
制备方法:
1、原花青素的制备:葡萄籽粉碎后用有机溶剂进行多次预萃取,然后用乙醇回流浸提、超浸提、过滤、离心、乙醇回收、树脂吸附、乙醇洗脱、石油醚萃取、干燥得到葡萄籽提取物。根据葡萄籽提取物中原花青素的实际含量计算葡萄籽提取物的添加量,保证加入原花青素200份。
2、按重量配比将原花青素、(3R,3'R)-二羟基-β-胡萝卜素、茶氨酸、叶黄素酯、低聚果糖混合均匀后加入糖浆搅拌均匀。
3、注模冷却成型后可按需制成硬糖、奶糖、夹心糖、酥糖、太妃糖、充气糖、凝胶糖、胶基糖、压片糖、流质糖、膜片糖、花式糖或巧克力糖等类型。
实施例2本发明饮料产品的制备
原料按重量份数计:叶黄素酯6份、(3R,3'R)-二羟基-β-胡萝卜素2份、原花青素(葡萄籽来源)150份、虾青素4份、茶氨酸200份、低聚果糖(菊芋来源)150份。
制备方法:
1、原花青素的制备:购买葡萄籽提取物,根据其中原花青素的实际含量计算葡萄籽提取物的添加量,保证加入原花青素150份。
2、按重量配比将原花青素、(3R,3'R)-二羟基-β-胡萝卜素、虾青素、茶氨酸、叶黄素酯、低聚果糖混合均匀后加入糖浆搅拌均匀。
3、按需制成各种饮料。
以下通过试验例证明本发明的有益效果。
试验例1本发明组合物治疗视疲劳及视疲劳引起的相关症状的试用观察
选取具有视疲劳症状的办公室工作白领,IT工作者,电玩爱好者18-50周岁,共180例,男性90人,女性90人。根据《视疲劳诊疗专家共识(2014年)》及国食药监保化[2012]107号《缓解视疲劳功能评价方法》制订视疲劳评定量表。分别于试食前后进行眼部症状及眼底检查,血、尿常规检查,肝、肾功能检查,症状询问、用眼情况调查,SAS评分,明视持久度和视力检查,远视力检查。眼睛局部症状:眼酸痛、眼胀、畏光、视物模糊、眼干涩、异物感、流泪7种症状中有任3种改善,且其他症状无恶化即判定眼睛局部症状改善,全身不适(包括注意力下降、记忆力减退、失眠)进行单项统计。计算两组症状改善例数和两组症状改善有效率。症状改善有效率(%)计算方法为症状改善例数/试食例数×100。将两组症状改善有效率进行统计学检验。
表1视疲劳评定量表
将受试者随机分为6组每组30例,1组给予活性成分为原花青素(葡萄籽来源)400mg的糖果,2组给予活性成分为原花青素(葡萄籽来源)1mg和茶氨酸1000mg的糖果,3组给予活性成分为原花青素(葡萄籽来源)200mg和茶氨酸100mg的糖果,4组给予活性成分为原花青素(葡萄籽来源)400mg和茶氨酸1mg的糖果,5组给予活性成分为原花青素(葡萄籽来源)100mg和茶氨酸400mg的糖果,6组给予活性成分为原花青素(葡萄籽来源)800mg和茶氨酸20mg的糖果。各组均按照实施例1方法制备成软糖。6组均连续服用60天(以上均为每日服用量)。分别于3天、60天统计眼睛局部症状改善的有效率,以及影响工作生活的视疲劳全身症状主要包括注意力下降、记忆力减退、焦虑、失眠的变化,服用前后对比结果见下表:
表2缓解视疲劳症状有效率统计表
从以上试用结果可以看出,只加原花青素的试验组1试用者眼睛局部症状改善有效率仅能达到40%,而且起效时间长,服用3天后仅为3.3%。对比试验组1~6试服三天后眼睛局部症状的有效率统计结果可知,茶氨酸本身并不能有效缓解视疲劳眼睛局部症状,但加入茶氨酸后可以显著缩短原花青素的起效时间,而且,3~6组试用者60天后眼睛局部症状改善有效率提高至60%以上,表明加入茶氨酸后缓解视疲劳眼睛局部症状的效果得到了显著提升。试验组2眼睛局部症状改善有效率有所降低,可能是因为原花青素的添加量较少,未达到起效量。此外,加入茶氨酸的试验组还能明显缓解注意力下降、记忆力减退、失眠等视疲劳全身症状。由试验组2~6的有效率统计结果可知,原花青素与茶氨酸在(1~2):1的配比范围内,缓解视疲劳的作用非常显著。
以上试验结果表明,本发明将茶氨酸和原花青素组合使用,不仅能够有效改善由视疲劳带来的严重影响工作与生活的全身症状,包括可以减轻或缓解注意力及记忆力下降问题,试用者普遍反映使用后情绪焦虑缓解明显,由眼疲劳引发的睡眠问题也明显缓解,而且,加入茶氨酸的产品改善视疲劳眼睛局部症状的效果更加明显,比如,眼酸痛、眼胀、畏光、视物模糊、眼干涩、异物感、流泪等症状都能够得到一定程度的改善,对视疲劳的治疗效果显著。
Claims (21)
1.缓解视疲劳的组合物,其特征是:是活性成分包括茶氨酸和原花青素的食品、保健品或药品。
2.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征是:所述活性成分的重量配比为:茶氨酸20~1000份、原花青素1~800份。
3.如权利要求2所述的组合物,其特征是:所述活性成分的重量配比为:茶氨酸100~400份、原花青素1~500份;优选地,所述活性成分的重量配比为:茶氨酸100~400份、原花青素1~200份;进一步优选地,所述活性成分的重量配比为:茶氨酸:原花青素=(1~2):1。
4.如权利要求1~3任意一项所述的组合物,其特征是:所述原花青素来源于葡萄籽、葡萄、山楂、花生、银杏、蓝莓、黑豆、油菜、油茶、稻、高粱、可可、蚕豆、扁豆、荔枝、沙棘、苹果、黑莓、野草莓、桂圆、越橘、沙枣、酸果蔓、柿子、山竹、石榴、柏树、松树、银合欢、白桦树、桉树、钩藤毛白杨、肉桂、莽草、茶叶、葡萄藤、山玄参、贯叶连翘、月桂、桉树、玫瑰、牵牛、紫斑蕹菜、红车轴草、睡莲、巴豆、地榆、紫甘薯、野葛、大黄、异叶木属植物中一种或两种以上。
5.如权利要求1~4任意一项所述的组合物,其特征是:活性成分还包括低聚果糖、叶黄素、叶黄素酯、虾青素、(3R,3'R)-二羟基-β-胡萝卜素中一种或两种以上的混合物。
6.如权利要求5所述的组合物,其特征是:活性成分还包括低聚果糖10~1000份;优选地,活性成分还包括低聚果糖150~300份。
7.如权利要求6所述的组合物,其特征是:所述活性成分的重量配比为:茶氨酸:原花青素:低聚果糖=(1~4):(1~2):(1.5~3);优选地,所述活性成分的重量配比为:茶氨酸:原花青素:低聚果糖=4:(2~3):3。
8.如权利要求5~7任意一项所述的组合物,其特征是:所述低聚果糖来源于菊芋、菊苣、蔗糖、芦笋、大蒜、洋葱、韭菜、牛蒡、蜂蜜、香蕉中一种或两种以上。
9.如权利要求5所述的组合物,其特征是:活性成分还包括叶黄素和/或叶黄素酯6~12份。
10.如权利要求5所述的组合物,其特征是:活性成分还包括(3R,3'R)-二羟基-β-胡萝卜素2~4份。
11.如权利要求5所述的组合物,其特征是:活性成分还包括虾青素4~12份。
12.如权利要求1~11任意一项所述的组合物,其特征是:是各重量配比的活性成分,加入可接受的辅料或者辅助性成分制备而成的食品、保健品或药品。
13.如权利要求12所述的组合物,其特征是:所述食品、保健品或药品为口服形式。
14.如权利要求13所述的组合物,其特征是:所述食品、保健品为糖果、果冻、饮料或膳食补充剂。
15.如权利要求14所述的组合物,其特征是:所述糖果为硬糖、奶糖、夹心糖、酥糖、太妃糖、充气糖、凝胶糖、胶基糖、压片糖、流质糖、膜片糖、花式糖或巧克力糖。
16.权利要求1~15任意一项所述组合物的制备方法,其特征是:包括如下步骤:取各重量配比的活性成分,加入食品、保健品或药品中可接受的辅料或者辅助性成分,即得。
17.如权利要求16所述的制备方法,其特征是:包括如下步骤:取各重量配比的活性成分,加入糖浆,搅拌均匀,注模,冷却成型,即得糖果。
18.权利要求1~15任意一项所述组合物在制备缓解视疲劳的食品、保健品或药品中的用途。
19.如权利要求18所述的用途,其特征是:所述食品、保健品或药品具有缓解视疲劳所致眼睛局部症状和/或全身症状的功效。
20.如权利要求19所述的用途,其特征是:所述眼睛局部症状为眼酸痛、眼胀、畏光、视物模糊、眼干涩、异物感或流泪。
21.如权利要求19所述的用途,其特征是:所述全身症状为注意力下降、记忆力减退、焦虑或失眠。
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