CN108287070A - A kind of rotating speed for rotating machinery and key phase integrated detection system - Google Patents
A kind of rotating speed for rotating machinery and key phase integrated detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108287070A CN108287070A CN201711443360.9A CN201711443360A CN108287070A CN 108287070 A CN108287070 A CN 108287070A CN 201711443360 A CN201711443360 A CN 201711443360A CN 108287070 A CN108287070 A CN 108287070A
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- tooth
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- rotating speed
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/021—Gearings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the mating testing equipment fields of rotating machinery, and disclose a kind of rotating speed for rotating machinery and key phase integrated detection system, it includes geared parts, tooth high measurement probe and signal processing unit, it is different from the phase tooth of remaining orthodont wherein in the geared parts comprising its tooth height, compensation tooth or balance hole etc. is also equipped in order to compensate for amount of unbalance caused by phase tooth；Tooth high measurement probe for obtaining its own gap variable signal between the tooth end face outside of the geared parts in real time；The signal processing unit is for receiving the signal popped one's head in from tooth high measurement, and real-time rotating speed is calculated in two based on arbitrary neighborhood pulse signal elapsed times and radian information, while identifying and positioning out the circumferential position of phase tooth.The present invention is remarkably improved the compactedness of rotating speed and phase detection compared with existing scheme.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the mating testing equipment field of rotating machinery, more particularly, to a kind of for rotating machinery
Rotating speed and key phase integrated detection system.
Background technology
Tach signal and phase signal for rotary machinery fault diagnosis, status monitoring and dynamic balance treatment very
Important, for example with the fast development of the relevant technologies such as aero-engine, the structure design of mating rotating machinery is increasingly
Compact, the requirement to probe system is also corresponding higher and higher, becomes following hair using the probe multiple signals of integral measuring
Open up one of direction.
Specifically, rotating speed is characterization rotating machinery health status, carries out fault diagnosis, formulates necessary maintenance policy
One of important parameter, real-time, the accurate measurement of rotating speed is to ensureing that the normal operation of rotating machinery has important practical significance.
Rotating speed measurement method can be divided into contact and contactless two major classes in the prior art, such as centrifugal, timing, magnetic inductive,
When electronic, strobe type, idea counter etc..Wherein centrifugal and timing is referred to as mechanically, belonging to contact type measurement；Magnetic
Induction type and electrodynamic type are referred to as magneto-electric, and magnetic inductive belongs to non-contact measurement, and magnetic inductive generally uses Hall to visit
Head and reluctance type probe measurement rotating speed；It is all to use light that electronic counting-type, which has contact and two kinds contactless, both patterns,
Electric-type measures rotating speed.On the other hand, in fault diagnosis, use phase signal as a collective reference of respective independent signal
Point, they are connected, and establish mutual particular kind of relationship, and accident analysis and diagnosis can be given to provide more important letters
Breath.Be typically in the prior art measure phase signal in turbomachinery, namely two ends of rotor both horizontally and vertically on
Eddy current probe is installed respectively, their position is mutually 90 degree.In this manner it is possible to according to machinery event caused by different reasons
Barrier excitation, the signal from different probe pickups and mutual phase relation, more precisely identify failure cause.
However, further investigations have shown that, at least there is following technical problem in above-mentioned existing scheme：First, dual probe
The spatial position that bigger can be occupied, it is unfavorable for the compact space in rotating machinery inside；Secondly, the phase information under variable speed
Processing is relatively cumbersome, it is difficult to be followed the phase signal of rotating speed in real time.In addition, existing Method for Phase Difference Measurement can only
For the rotor only with single concave key or convex key, cannot be satisfied to geared parts rotating speed, phase while the requirement measured.Phase
Ying Di, this field is there is an urgent need for making further improvement, to conform better in modernization manufacture production to rotating machinery
Higher demand.
Invention content
For the above shortcoming and Improvement requirement of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of for rotating machinery
Rotating speed and key phase integrated detection system, wherein the contexture by the corollary apparatus to entire detection process and processing side
Formula etc. carries out specific aim Curve guide impeller, the accuracy of testing result is accordingly remarkably improved compared with existing scheme, and entire
The testing result that reflection rotating speed and phase signal can only be obtained in detection process simultaneously with a measuring probe, is provided simultaneously with
Precision and it is more efficient, compact-sized, convenient for manipulation, applicability is wide the features such as, thus suitable for all kinds of rotating machineries rotating speed
And phase integration detects application scenario.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of rotating speed and key for rotating machinery is provided
Phase integrated detection system, which is characterized in that the integrated detection system includes geared parts, tooth high measurement probe and signal
Processing unit, wherein：
The geared parts are concentrically mounted to together with the rotating element as test object, and are executed at a same speed
Rotation；The geared parts have multiple teeth, and the tooth height of one of tooth, that is, phase tooth is different from the tooth height of other teeth, thus uses
In phase measurement；In addition, be additionally provided with imbalance compensation structure on the geared parts, the imbalance compensation structure be used for
The amount of unbalance stated the high otherness of tooth and generated in rotary course compensates, and compensation tooth or balance is presented in it
The forms such as hole；
The quantity of tooth high measurement probe is one, its face is arranged in the geared parts, and for working as the gear
When component and rotating element execute the whole process of rotation, its own tooth end face outside with the geared parts is obtained in real time
Between gap variable signal, be then sent to the signal processing module；
The signal processing unit is based on arbitrary for receiving all pulse signals popped one's head in from the tooth high measurement
The real-time rotating speed of the rotating element is accordingly calculated in two adjacent pulse signal elapsed times and radian information；
At the same time, the also real-time amplitude distribution state based on the pulse signal, accordingly identifies and positions out the week of the phase tooth
To position, it is achieved in the phase-detection function to the rotating element.
As it is further preferred that when the imbalance compensation structure be rendered as compensation tooth form when, the compensation tooth one
As be two, phase tooth and two compensation teeth in etc. small triangular form it is symmetrical, ensure entire toothed disc center of gravity and rotation center
Unanimously.
As it is further preferred that when the imbalance compensation structure be rendered as compensation tooth form when, the phase
Tooth and the compensation tooth are preferably configured according to following equilibrium equation group,：
Δ M=∑ Δs micosθi
∑ΔmiSinθi=0
Wherein, Δ M indicates amount of unbalance corresponding with the phase tooth；θiIndicate with each compensation tooth with connect institute
The angle of phase tooth and each self-forming of axis in the geared parts center of circle is stated, and i is the sequence number to all compensation teeth,
Equal to 1,2 ..., n, and n is positive integer；ΔmiThen indicate amount of unbalance corresponding with each compensation tooth.
As it is further preferred that when the imbalance compensation structure is rendered as the form of balance hole, balance hole according to
The amount of unbalance of phase tooth is distributed in the position of toothed disc to design.
As it is further preferred that when the imbalance compensation structure is rendered as the form of balance hole, the balance hole quilt
It is processed as through-hole, and the through-hole is preferably configured according to following mass equation group：
ΔMArA+ΔMBrB=0
Wherein, Δ MAIndicate mass change amount, r caused by being processed to the phase toothAIndicate the phase
Radius of the position tooth relative to the center of the geared parts；ΔMBIndicate the mass change caused by punching the through-hole,
rBIndicate radius of the through-hole relative to the center of the geared parts.
As it is further preferred that the quantity of the compensation tooth is preferably designed for two, and at this time each compensation tooth and
The axis for connecting the phase tooth and the geared parts center of circle is formed by angle and is preferably designed for being less than 60 °.
As it is further preferred that the geared parts are preferably the form of straight spur gear.
As it is further preferred that for above-mentioned signal processing unit, preferably include digitized sampling module,
Difference amplifier, peak detector, pulse detector and signal output port, wherein the digitized sampling module are for receiving
Pulse signal from tooth high measurement probe, and be translated into after digital signal and be sent to the difference amplifier and hold
Row enhanced processing；The peak detection block is connected with the differential amplifier signal, and for believing the number after enhanced processing
Input signal is continued to be conveyed to the pulse detector after number detecting its wave crest in real time, while being generated by divider predetermined
Real time threshold voltage compare for subsequent signal；The peak value electricity for the signal and deposit that the pulse detector is used to input
Pressure compares, and rising edge pulse is generated when the absolute value of the difference of the two is higher than preset real time threshold voltage, keeps voltage
High level is until next pulse signal；In addition, the signal output port is connected with the pulse detector signal, and for defeated
Go out the signal of this pulse detector generation.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, by entirely detecting
The internal structure of system and its working method carry out research and specific aim is improved, accordingly compared with prior art can high-precision, height
The mode of efficiency and real-time response obtains the testing result of reflection rotating speed and phase signal simultaneously, and in entire detection process
Only with a measuring probe, accordingly have it is compact-sized, convenient for manipulation, applicability is wide the features such as, thus be suitable for all kinds of rotations
The rotating speed of machinery and phase integration detect application scenario.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the distribution schematic diagram according to phase tooth and compensation tooth constructed by a preferred embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 a are the distribution signals according to low tooth phase tooth and through-hole constructed by another preferred embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 b are the distribution signals according to high tooth phase tooth and through-hole constructed by another preferred embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the signal schematic representation of the various states obtained according to the present invention；
Fig. 4 is for the relative position relation figure in the exemplary illustrated present invention between detecting system and measurement object.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments,
The present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain this hair
It is bright, it is not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, technology involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below is special
Sign can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Fig. 1 is according to the distribution schematic diagram of phase tooth and compensation tooth constructed by a preferred embodiment of the invention, figure
4 be for the relative position relation figure in the exemplary illustrated present invention between detecting system and measurement object.Such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 institutes
Show, which includes mainly the components such as geared parts, tooth high measurement probe and signal processing unit, and is passed through
Measurement in real time integrated with phase signal to rotating speed is realized in the mutual cooperation of said modules.It below will be to its specific setting side
Formula and operation principle etc. provide specific explanations explanation.
One of key component as the present invention, geared parts are used for concentric solid with the rotating element as test object
It is scheduled on together, and executes rotary test together；In the present solution, the geared parts have multiple teeth, one of tooth namely phase
Position tooth is processed into its tooth height and is different from remaining orthodont, is additionally provided with compensation tooth relative to the phase tooth in addition, and should
Compensation tooth is symmetrically distributed in the axis both sides for connecting the phase tooth and the geared parts center of circle.
It is on the basis of orthodont, in arbitrary selection gear more particularly, for gear structure as shown in Figure 1
Phase tooth of one tooth as gear, being then processed to the tooth makes its tooth height and other teeth there are gap, gap
Degree is substantially change with signal caused by clearance measurement probe, is advisable conducive to identification；Exist simultaneously other 2 (or more
It is more) between the tooth of the two intermediate altitude, these teeth are called compensation tooth, and compensation tooth is symmetric, and symmetry axis passes through phase above-mentioned
Position tooth and the gear center of circle.
After the completion of the processing of phase tooth, since phase tooth and remaining normal tooth height are inconsistent, form certain
Amount of unbalance.Correspondingly, the preferred embodiment further designed according to the present invention, it is dynamic flat under high speed conditions to meet
Weighing apparatus requires, and can be compensated to it according to equilibrium equation group below.Namely the imbalance compensation structure of toothed disc is to compensate tooth
Form when, compensation tooth is generally two, phase tooth and two compensation teeth in etc. small triangular form it is symmetrical, ensure entire tooth
Wheel disc center of gravity is consistent with rotation center.More specifically, for said gear component, the phase tooth and compensation tooth are preferred
It is configured according to following equilibrium equation group：
Δ M=∑ Δs micoSθi
∑ΔmiSinθi=0
Wherein, Δ M indicates amount of unbalance corresponding with the phase tooth；θiIndicate with each compensation tooth with connect institute
The angle of phase tooth and each self-forming of axis in the geared parts center of circle is stated, and i is the sequence number to all compensation teeth,
Equal to 1,2 ..., n, n are positive integer；ΔmiThen indicate amount of unbalance corresponding with each compensation tooth.
In addition, in order to improve the requirement of signal processing identification, it is intended that compensate the tooth height of tooth as close as just
The tooth of normal tooth is high, thus another preferred embodiment according to the invention, and the quantity of the compensation tooth is preferably designed for two, and
And at this time each compensation tooth with connect axis of the phase tooth with the geared parts center of circle be formed by angle be preferably designed for it is small
In 60 °, while the angle between compensation tooth and phase tooth and the line being centrally formed being avoided to be equal to 60 ° as possible.
In addition, for tooth high measurement probe, its quantity is only in the present invention one, it is arranged in the tooth
When whole process near wheel component, and for executing rotation when the geared parts and rotating element, obtain in real time its from
Gap variable signal between body and the tooth end face outside of the geared parts, is then sent to the signal processing module.More
Specifically, it is illustrated as demonstration, wherein will obtain multiple first arteries and veins for having first amplitude for the orthodont
Signal is rushed, single second pulse signal for having the second amplitude will be obtained for the phase tooth and second amplitude is different from
The first amplitude will obtain the third pulse signal for having third amplitude and the third amplitude between institute for the compensation tooth
It states between the first, second amplitude.For signal processing unit, it is for receiving the institute popped one's head in from the tooth high measurement
There are pulse signal, and two based on arbitrary neighborhood pulse signal elapsed times and radian information, institute is accordingly calculated
State the real-time rotating speed of rotating element；At the same time, the real-time distribution shape also based on first, second, and third pulse signal
State accordingly identifies and positions out the circumferential position of the phase tooth, is achieved in the phase-detection work(to the rotating element
Energy.Its detailed process and principle are known in the art, therefore details are not described herein.
In addition, tooth is compensated other than using this mode of tooth High variation, it can also be using another form come real
It is existing, it equally can get required technique effect.According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, another type is additionally provided
Integrated detection system, equally include geared parts, tooth high measurement probe and signal processing unit, and its difference master
The design aspect of geared parts is concentrated on, other assemblies are roughly the same.A preferred embodiment according to the invention, institute
Form for balance hole can be taken by stating imbalance compensation structure, and the balance hole is designed to be dispersed with gear with phase tooth
Disk both sides.
As shown in Fig. 2 a or 2b, which is used to be concentrically mounted to together with the rotating element as test object,
And rotary test is executed together；The geared parts have multiple teeth, and one of tooth namely phase tooth are processed into its tooth height not
It is same as remaining orthodont, is additionally provided with relative to the phase tooth is parallel to what the geared parts axial direction drilled out in addition
Through-hole, wherein when the tooth height of phase tooth is higher than remaining orthodont, which is drilled in far from phase tooth side just
On normal tooth；And when the tooth of phase tooth height is in remaining orthodont, which is drilled in neighbouring phase tooth side
On orthodont or directly punching is on the phase tooth.
More specifically, the principle of the programme of work is constant tooth height but arbitrarily chooses one on the basis of orthodont
The get into the cave mode of material of tooth is handled.When phase tooth tooth height is in remaining orthodont, by mode as shown in Figure 2 a at it
A hole is opened on corresponding tooth；When phase tooth height is higher than remaining orthodont, a through-hole is opened by mode as shown in Figure 2 b.
Similarly, in order to improve the requirement of signal processing identification, a preferred embodiment according to the invention, for said gear
For component, the through-hole is preferably configured according to following mass equation formula：
ΔMArA+ΔMBrB=0
Wherein, Δ MAIndicate mass change amount, r caused by being processed to the phase toothAIndicate the phase
Radius of the position tooth relative to the center of the geared parts；ΔMBIndicate the mass change caused by punching the through-hole,
rBIndicate radius of the through-hole relative to the center of the geared parts.Obviously, it is contemplated that stress concentration and boring radius,
Multiple apertures can also be opened under some cases.
It is explained below the operation principle for illustrating rotating speed and key phase integrated detection system according to the invention.
A plurality of types of signals that Fig. 3 is provided for example can be used, after the signal to input carries out digital sample, by two
The radian of elapsed time and gear rotation between a wave crest pulse signal, can be calculated the real-time tach signal of gear
(real-time is related with number of gear teeth), the relationship between multiple pulses and total radian can calculate the mean speed of rotor.Letter
The peak value that signal number is obtained by peak detection block, since the tooth height of phase tooth and the tooth height of orthodont in the gear exist
Larger difference, and compensate tooth signal and full depth tooth signal relatively, in this way by be arranged a threshold value, so that it may with area
Separate the signal of phase tooth.With the variation of amplitude caused by the variation of rotating speed, need to synchronize more the threshold value
Newly.By this method, since there are the abnormal pulsers signal (phases of the pulse signal of a large amount of normal amplitude and a prominent difference
Produced by the tooth of position) and several pulse signals that may be close with normal burst signal amplitude, pass through the signal finally obtained
Distribution, it will be able in order to which the mode of manipulation identifies and positions out the circumferential position of high impulse phase tooth, that is, have phase inspection
Brake.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention made by all any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all wrap
Containing within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of rotating speed for rotating machinery and phase integrated detection system, which is characterized in that the integrated detection system
Including geared parts, tooth high measurement probe and signal processing unit, wherein：
The geared parts are concentrically mounted to together with the rotating element as test object, and are rotated at a same speed；The tooth
Wheel component has multiple teeth, and the tooth that the tooth height of one of tooth namely phase tooth is different from other teeth is high, is used for phase measurement；This
Outside, imbalance compensation structure feature is also devised on the geared parts, imbalance compensation structure is used for the difference high to phase tooth tooth
The amount of unbalance that the opposite sex generates compensates, and imbalance compensation structure can have the compensation forms such as tooth or balance hole；
The quantity of tooth high measurement probe is one, its face is arranged in the geared parts, and for working as the geared parts
And rotating element execute rotation whole process when, obtain its own in real time between the tooth end face outside of the geared parts
Gap variable signal is then sent to the signal processing module；
The signal processing unit is used to receive all pulse signals popped one's head in from the tooth high measurement, and based on arbitrary neighborhood
The real-time rotating speed of the rotating element is accordingly calculated in two pulse signal elapsed times and radian information；It is same with this
When, the also real-time amplitude distribution state based on the pulse signal accordingly identifies and positions out the circumferential position of the phase tooth,
It is achieved in the phase-detection function to the rotating element.
2. rotating speed as described in claim 1 and key phase integrated detection system, which is characterized in that when the injustice of the toothed disc
The small triangular forms such as weighing apparatus collocation structure be when compensating the form of tooth, which is generally two, and phase tooth and two compensation teeth are in
It is symmetrical, ensure that entire toothed disc center of gravity is consistent with rotation center.
3. rotating speed as described in claim 1 and key phase integrated detection system, which is characterized in that when the imbalance compensation knot
When structure is rendered as the form of balance hole, balance hole is according to the amount of unbalance of phase tooth to design the position for being distributed in toothed disc.
4. the rotating speed as described in claim 1-3 any one and key phase integrated detection system, which is characterized in that the gear
Component is preferably the form of straight spur gear.
5. the rotating speed as described in claim 1-4 any one and key phase integrated detection system, which is characterized in that for above-mentioned
For signal processing unit, preferably include digitized sampling module, difference amplifier, peak detector, pulse detector and
Signal output port, wherein the digitized sampling module are used to receive the pulse signal popped one's head in from the tooth high measurement, and will
It is sent to the difference amplifier execution enhanced processing after being converted into digital signal；The peak detection block is put with the difference
Big device signal is connected, and continues to be conveyed to by input signal after its wave crest for detecting the digital signal after enhanced processing in real time
The pulse detector, while scheduled real time threshold voltage is generated by divider and is compared for subsequent signal；The pulse
Detector is for comparing the signal of input with the crest voltage of deposit, when the absolute value of the difference of the two is higher than preset reality
When threshold voltage when generate rising edge pulse, keep voltage high level until next pulse signal；In addition, the signal output port
It is connected with the pulse detector signal, and the signal for exporting the generation of this pulse detector.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711443360.9A CN108287070A (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2017-12-27 | A kind of rotating speed for rotating machinery and key phase integrated detection system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711443360.9A CN108287070A (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2017-12-27 | A kind of rotating speed for rotating machinery and key phase integrated detection system |
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ID=62832553
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| CN201711443360.9A Pending CN108287070A (en) | 2017-12-27 | 2017-12-27 | A kind of rotating speed for rotating machinery and key phase integrated detection system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109668735A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-23 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安航空计算技术研究所 | A kind of engine rotor phase reference determines method, apparatus and circuit |
| CN109900350A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-06-18 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 | Revolving speed and key blend test device and its method |
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