CN108280037A - A kind of method and apparatus that preemptive type multiplexing serial port automatically switches - Google Patents
A kind of method and apparatus that preemptive type multiplexing serial port automatically switches Download PDFInfo
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- CN108280037A CN108280037A CN201710006766.4A CN201710006766A CN108280037A CN 108280037 A CN108280037 A CN 108280037A CN 201710006766 A CN201710006766 A CN 201710006766A CN 108280037 A CN108280037 A CN 108280037A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
- G06F13/40—Bus structure
- G06F13/4004—Coupling between buses
- G06F13/4022—Coupling between buses using switching circuits, e.g. switching matrix, connection or expansion network
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Abstract
The invention discloses the method and apparatus that a kind of preemptive type multiplexing serial port automatically switches, method includes：One input/output terminal of the MCU chip in equipment is arranged to flag bit, input/output terminal is connected with power supply by second resistance and draws the first free end；The serial data input terminal of MCU chip is connected by the first diode with the serial data output end of the sensor in equipment, and be connected with the second free end by the second diode, and the first diode is connected with the anode of the second diode with the serial data input terminal of MCU chip；The serial data input terminal of MCU chip is also connected by first resistor with power supply；The serial data output end of MCU chip is connected with the serial data input terminal of sensor.The present invention is manually inserted into external serial equipment and can be communicated automatically with being inserted into equipment, realizes the function of automatically switching channel, extracts external serial equipment and is communicated again with sensor, realizes the function that preemptive type multiplexing serial port automatically switches.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to serial port communication technology field, more particularly to method that a kind of preemptive type multiplexing serial port automatically switches and
Equipment.
Background technology
In communication equipment veneer, serial interface is most common man-machine interactive interface, but at present in equipment component veneer
MCU chip serial ports quantity it is limited, these usual serial ports are communicated with the sensor (serial communication mode) inside equipment,
And run out, serial ports can not be thrown away outside again and communicated with external serial equipment, therefore can not also pass through serial ports and carry out local liter
Grade, serial ports on-line debugging connect the operations such as serial ports screen progress parameter setting.
Solving the above problems mainly at present, there have to be following several：One, required string is expanded with serial port extended chip or MCU
The drawbacks of mouth, the method is the complexity for increasing hardware cost and software；Two, jumper cap or switching are added in hardware design
The mode of switch carries out manual switching between MCU chip serial ports gets rid of serial ports with sensor and outside, though the method is simply safeguarded
It is very inconvenient, user be difficult distinguish use which Serial Port Line instead to connect, in addition, this mode hardware connection poor reliability,
And (MCU chip is certainly existed with communication protocol between external serial equipment and internal serial communication to differ in external serial equipment
Sample) when must restart equipment.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, propose a kind of side that preemptive type multiplexing serial port automatically switches
Method and equipment, being manually inserted into external serial equipment can be communicated with being inserted into equipment automatically, realize the work(for automatically switching channel
Can, it extracts external serial equipment and is communicated again with sensor, realize the function that preemptive type multiplexing serial port automatically switches.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of method that preemptive type multiplexing serial port automatically switches, an input/output terminal of the MCU chip in equipment is set
Flag bit is set to indicate that MCU chip serial ports needs the function of executing, the input/output terminal to pass through second resistance and power supply
It is connected and draws the first free end；The serial data input terminal of the MCU chip is passed through into the biography in the first diode and equipment
The serial data output end of sensor is connected, and is connected with the second free end by the second diode, and first diode
It is connected with the anode of second diode with the serial data input terminal of the MCU chip；The serial data of the MCU chip
Input terminal is also connected by first resistor with power supply；By the string of the serial data output end and the sensor of the MCU chip
Mouth data input pin is connected；
When external serial equipment needs the serial communication with the MCU chip, following steps are executed：
It is manually inserted into external serial equipment, the ground terminal of external serial equipment is made to be connected with first free end, it is external
The serial data output end of serial equipment is connected with second free end, the serial data input terminal of external serial equipment and institute
The serial data output end for stating MCU chip is connected；
MCU chip monitors that flag bit variation is low level, and MCU chip carries out serial ports reset, reset with outside
Parameter needed for portion's serial equipment communicating automatically switches communication protocol and then switches serial ports channel；
When external serial equipment need not be with the serial communication of the MCU chip, following steps are executed：
Extract external serial equipment；
MCU chip monitors that the flag bit variation is high level, and MCU chip carries out serial ports reset, resets and pass
Parameter needed for sensor communication automatically switches communication protocol and then switches serial ports channel.
The parameter includes：Baud rate, data bit, start bit, stop position, parity check bit.
It is pre-stored in the MCU chip and carries out the parameter of serial communication with sensor and communicated with external serial equipment
Parameter.
The parameter for carrying out the parameter of serial communication from sensor and being communicated with external serial equipment passes through different texts
Part stores, and when MCU chip carries out serial ports reset, reads corresponding file as needed and is loaded.
The external serial equipment further includes the ends DET, and the ends DET of the external serial equipment are with ground terminal GND short circuits, institute
The ends DET for stating external serial equipment are connected with first free end.
The MCU chip further includes power input and ground terminal.
The sensor further includes power input and ground terminal.
A kind of equipment of serial port automatic switching, including MCU chip, sensor, serial port circuit and MCU handover modules；
The serial port circuit includes first resistor, second resistance, the first diode and the second diode；The one of the MCU chip
A input/output terminal is arranged to flag bit to indicate that MCU chip serial ports needs the function of executing, the input/output terminal to pass through
Second resistance is connected with power supply and draws the first free end；The serial data input terminal of the MCU chip passes through the first diode
It is connected with the serial data output end of the sensor in equipment, and is connected with the second free end by the second diode, and institute
The first diode is stated with the anode of second diode with the serial data input terminal of the MCU chip to be connected；The MCU core
The serial data input terminal of piece is also connected by first resistor with power supply；The serial data output end of the MCU chip with it is described
The serial data input terminal of sensor is connected；
The MCU handover modules are arranged inside the MCU chip, and the variation for monitoring the flag bit is simultaneously gone here and there
The switching of mouth；When there is external serial equipment to be inserted into, the MCU handover modules monitor that the flag bit is low level, to institute
State MCU chip and carry out serial ports reset, reset with the parameter needed for external serial equipment communicating, automatically switch communication protocol into
And switch serial ports channel；When external serial equipment is pulled out, the MCU handover modules monitor that the flag bit is high electricity
It is flat, serial ports reset is carried out to the MCU chip, resets and communicates required parameter with sensor, automatically switches communication protocol
And then switch serial ports channel.
When external serial equipment is inserted into, the ground terminal of external serial equipment is connected with first free end, external serial ports
The serial data output end of equipment is connected with second free end, the serial data input terminal of external serial equipment with it is described
The serial data output end of MCU chip is connected.
The parameter includes：Baud rate, data bit, start bit, stop position, parity check bit；It prestores in the MCU chip
Store up the parameter for carrying out the parameter of serial communication with sensor and being communicated with external serial equipment.
The advantageous effect that technical solution provided by the invention is brought is：
1, the monitoring for increasing MCU in serial ports expansion or the circuit of multiplexing, realizes that the automatic switchover of serial ports makes equipment have more
Have intelligent；
2, hardware circuit number of devices is few, and peripheral components only need two diodes and two resistance that multiplexing string can be realized
The automatic switchover of mouth；
3, it is monitored by MCU and judges to be communicated with which multiplexing serial port, it is ensured that the reliability of communication, while communication protocols
Also switching is realized in view；
4, can be achieved warm connection function, equipment in the case where not needing power-off restarting with the external serial equipment of insertion into
Row communication, external serial equipment restore to be communicated with the serial ports of acquiescence again after extracting.
Invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but a kind of preemptive type multiplexing of the present invention
The method and apparatus of serial port automatic switching is not limited to embodiment.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the simplified electrical circuit diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method that preemptive type multiplexing serial port automatically switches, and is related to
MCU chip U1, sensor U2 and external serial equipment J1, wherein MCU chip U1 and sensor U2 are arranged on the veneer of equipment,
Under default situations, MCU chip U1 is communicated with sensor U2, is being needed to carry out local upgrade, serial ports on-line debugging or is being connect string
When mouth screen carries out the operations such as parameter setting, needs the external serial equipment being plugged into the MCU chip and communicate.
Specifically, the MCU chip U1 includes power end VCC, ground terminal GND, serial data input terminal RXD, serial ports number
According to output end TXD and input/output terminal GPOI；The sensor U2 includes power end VCC, ground terminal GND, serial data input
Hold RXD and serial data output end TXD；The external serial equipment includes power end VCC, ground terminal GND, serial data input
Hold EXT_RXD and serial data output end EXT_TXD.
Further, an input/output terminal GPOI of the MCU chip U1 in equipment is arranged to flag bit to indicate
MCU chip serial ports needs the function of executing, the input/output terminal GPOI to be connected and draw with power supply VCC by second resistance R2
First free end DET；The serial data input terminal RXD of the MCU chip U1 is passed through into the biography in the first diode D1 and equipment
The serial data output end TXD of sensor U2 is connected, and is connected with the second free end EXT_TXD by the second diode D2, and
The anode of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 and the serial data input terminal RXD phases of the MCU chip U1
Even；The serial data input terminal RXD of the MCU chip U1 is also connected by first resistor R1 with power supply VCC；By the MCU core
The serial data output end TXD of piece U1 is connected with the serial data input terminal RXD of the sensor.
In the present embodiment, MCU chip U1 acquiescences with sensor U2 communicate and monitor the ends DET in real time in equipment operation
State, therefore, when external serial equipment J1 is not accessed, since second resistance R2 is pulled to VCC, the ends DET of MCU chip U1 are height
Level, the data that MCU chip U1 is sent out on EXT_RXD at this time are MCU chip U1 with the communication protocol number between sensor U2
According to data can be identified by sensor U2 and carry out response, reversed due to the first diode D1 when A points are high level in Fig. 1
Cut-off and the effect of first resistor R1 pull-up, so B points are also high level in Fig. 1, MCU chip U1 reads data at this time and is
“1”；When A points are low level, VCC is 0.7V left by the voltage that first resistor R1 and the first diode D1 are generated on B points
The right side, the data that MCU chip U1 is read at this time are " 0 ".
When external serial equipment J1 accesses, (in the present embodiment, external serial ports is set the ground terminal GND of external serial equipment J1
GND is with DET short circuits in standby J1) it is connected with the first free end DET, the serial data output end of external serial equipment J1
EXT_TXD is connected with the second free end EXT_TXD, the serial data input terminal EXT_RXD of external serial equipment J1 and institute
The serial data output end EXT_RXD (i.e. the ends TXD of MCU chip) for stating MCU chip U1 is connected.At this point, the DET of MCU chip U1
End is low level, when MCU chip monitors that the ends DET become low level, carries out serial ports reset, is reset and external serial equipment
J1 communication needed for parameter, the data that MCU chip U1 is sent out on EXT_RXD be MCU chip U1 with external serial equipment J1 it
Between communication protocol data, signal would not identify and be responded by sensor U2 and (be disconnected with logical between sensor U2
Letter), i.e., " A " point is high level always, since the reversed cut-off property of the first diode D1 is not so interfere with the height electricity of B points
It is flat.But data can be identified and responded by external serial equipment J1, when EXT_TXD is high level due to the second diode D2
Reversed cut-off and first resistor R1 pull-up effect, so B points are also high level, the data that MCU chip is read at this time
For " 1 "；When EXT_TXD is low level, VCC is by the voltage that first resistor R1 and the second diode D2 are generated on B points
0.7V or so, the data that MCU chip is read at this time are " 0 ".
After external serial equipment J1 is extracted, the ends DET of MCU chip U1 become high level, and it is multiple that MCU chip U1 carries out serial ports
Position resets and communicates required parameter with sensor, retouched when hereafter operation principle does not access with front exterior serial equipment J1
That states is consistent.
It should be noted that according to the definition of serial communication it is found that communication protocol will be had by carrying out communication between two serial ports
Could be communicated and (identify and respond), different communication protocol be cannot be communicated it is (not identified to make
Response), in MCU chip among the above between sensor and MCU chip is with being to have different communication between external serial equipment
Agreement；Communication protocol includes：The contents such as baud rate, data bit, start bit, stop position, parity check bit, in MCU core among the above
The communication protocol of both serial ports is stored in piece when detecting that DET draws end and changes, MCU chip carries out serial ports automatically
Reset is arranged to corresponding communication protocol.Specifically, with sensor carry out serial communication parameter and with external serial equipment into
The parameter of row communication can be stored by different files, when MCU chip carries out serial ports reset, read corresponding text as needed
Part is loaded.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of equipment of serial port automatic switching, including MCU chip U1, sensor U2, string
Mouth multiplex circuit and MCU handover modules.The MCU chip U1 includes power end VCC, ground terminal GND, serial data input terminal
RXD, serial data output end TXD and input/output terminal GPOI；The sensor U2 includes power end VCC, ground terminal GND, string
Mouth data input pin RXD and serial data output end TXD；The serial port circuit includes first resistor, second resistance, first
Diode and the second diode.
Specifically, an input/output terminal GPOI of the MCU chip is arranged to flag bit to indicate MCU chip U1 strings
Mouth needs the function of executing, the input/output terminal GPOI to be connected with power supply VCC by second resistance R2 and draw first vacantly
Hold DET；The string that the serial data input terminal RXD of the MCU chip U1 passes through the sensor U1 on the first diode D1 and equipment
Mouth data output end TXD is connected, and is connected with the second free end EXT_TXD by the second diode D2, and the described 1st
Pole pipe D1 is connected with the anode of the second diode D2 with the serial data input terminal RXD of the MCU chip U1；The MCU
The serial data input terminal RXD of chip U1 is also connected by first resistor R1 with power supply VCC；The serial ports number of the MCU chip U1
It is connected with the serial data input terminal RXD of the sensor U2 according to output end TXD；
The MCU handover modules are arranged inside the MCU chip U1, the variation for monitoring the flag bit and progress
The switching of serial ports；When there is external serial equipment J1 to be inserted into, the MCU handover modules monitor that the flag bit is low level,
Serial ports reset is carried out to the MCU chip U1, is reset and the parameter needed for external serial equipment communicating, automatic switchover communication
Agreement and then switching serial ports channel；When external serial equipment J1 is pulled out, the MCU handover modules monitor the flag bit
For high level, serial ports reset is carried out to the MCU chip U1, resets and communicates required parameter with sensor U2, cut automatically
It changes communication protocol and then switches serial ports channel.
Further, when external serial equipment J1 is inserted into, the ground terminal GND of external serial equipment J1 is hanging with described first
DET is held to be connected, the serial data output end EXT_TXD of external serial equipment J1 is connected with the second free end EXT_TXD, outside
The serial data input terminal EXT_RXD of portion serial equipment J1 is connected with the serial data output end TXD of the MCU chip U1.
Further, the parameter includes：Baud rate, data bit, start bit, stop position, parity check bit；The MCU
The parameter for carrying out the parameter of serial communication with sensor and being communicated with external serial equipment is pre-stored in chip.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that preemptive type multiplexing serial port automatically switches, which is characterized in that by an input of the MCU chip in equipment
Output end is arranged to flag bit to indicate that MCU chip serial ports needs the function of executing, the input/output terminal to pass through the second electricity
Resistance is connected with power supply and draws the first free end；By the serial data input terminal of the MCU chip by the first diode with set
The serial data output end of standby interior sensor is connected, and is connected with the second free end by the second diode, and described the
One diode is connected with the anode of second diode with the serial data input terminal of the MCU chip；The MCU chip
Serial data input terminal is also connected by first resistor with power supply；By the serial data output end of the MCU chip and the biography
The serial data input terminal of sensor is connected；
When external serial equipment needs the serial communication with the MCU chip, following steps are executed：
It is manually inserted into external serial equipment, so that the ground terminal of external serial equipment is connected with first free end, external serial ports
The serial data output end of equipment is connected with second free end, the serial data input terminal of external serial equipment with it is described
The serial data output end of MCU chip is connected；
MCU chip monitors that the flag bit variation is low level, and MCU chip carries out serial ports reset, resets and is gone here and there with external
Parameter needed for jaws equipment communication automatically switches communication protocol and then switches serial ports channel；
When external serial equipment need not be with the serial communication of the MCU chip, following steps are executed：
Extract external serial equipment；
MCU chip monitors that flag bit variation is high level, and MCU chip carries out serial ports reset, resets and sensor
Parameter needed for communication automatically switches communication protocol and then switches serial ports channel.
2. the method that preemptive type multiplexing serial port according to claim 1 automatically switches, which is characterized in that the parameter packet
It includes：Baud rate, data bit, start bit, stop position, parity check bit.
3. the method that preemptive type multiplexing serial port according to claim 2 automatically switches, which is characterized in that the MCU chip
In be pre-stored and the parameter of sensor progress serial communication and the parameter that is communicated with external serial equipment.
4. the method that preemptive type multiplexing serial port according to claim 3 automatically switches, which is characterized in that carried out with sensor
It the parameter of serial communication and is stored by different files from parameter that external serial equipment is communicated, MCU chip is gone here and there
When mouth resets, corresponding file is read as needed and is loaded.
5. the method that preemptive type multiplexing serial port according to claim 1 automatically switches, which is characterized in that the external serial ports
Equipment further includes the ends DET, and the ends DET of the external serial equipment are with ground terminal GND short circuits, the DET of the external serial equipment
End is connected with first free end.
6. the method that preemptive type multiplexing serial port according to claim 1 automatically switches, which is characterized in that the MCU chip
Further include power input and ground terminal.
7. the method that preemptive type multiplexing serial port according to claim 1 automatically switches, which is characterized in that the sensor is also
Including power input and ground terminal.
8. a kind of equipment of serial port automatic switching, including MCU chip and sensor, which is characterized in that further include：Serial port electricity
Road and MCU handover modules；The serial port circuit includes first resistor, second resistance, the first diode and the second diode；
One input/output terminal of the MCU chip is arranged to flag bit to indicate that MCU chip serial ports needs the function that executes, described
Input/output terminal is connected with power supply by second resistance and draws the first free end；The serial data input terminal of the MCU chip
It is connected with the serial data output end of the sensor in equipment by the first diode, and outstanding by the second diode and second
Dead end is connected, and the serial data input terminal of first diode and the anode and the MCU chip of second diode
It is connected；The serial data input terminal of the MCU chip is also connected by first resistor with power supply；The serial ports number of the MCU chip
It is connected with the serial data input terminal of the sensor according to output end；
The MCU handover modules are arranged inside the MCU chip, and the variation for monitoring the flag bit simultaneously carries out serial ports
Switching；When there is external serial equipment to be inserted into, the MCU handover modules monitor that the flag bit is low level, to the MCU
Chip carries out serial ports reset, resets and is cut in turn with the parameter needed for external serial equipment communicating, automatic switchover communication protocol
Change serial ports channel；When external serial equipment is pulled out, the MCU handover modules monitor that the flag bit is high level, right
The MCU chip carries out serial ports reset, resets and communicates required parameter with sensor, automatically switches communication protocol and then cuts
Change serial ports channel.
9. the equipment of serial port automatic switching according to claim 8, which is characterized in that when external serial equipment is inserted into, outside
The ground terminal of portion's serial equipment is connected with first free end, the serial data output end of external serial equipment and described second
Free end is connected, and the serial data input terminal of external serial equipment is connected with the serial data output end of the MCU chip.
10. the equipment of serial port automatic switching according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the parameter includes：Baud rate,
Data bit, start bit, stop position, parity check bit；The parameter that serial communication is carried out with sensor is pre-stored in the MCU chip
With the parameter communicated with external serial equipment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710006766.4A CN108280037A (en) | 2017-01-05 | 2017-01-05 | A kind of method and apparatus that preemptive type multiplexing serial port automatically switches |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710006766.4A CN108280037A (en) | 2017-01-05 | 2017-01-05 | A kind of method and apparatus that preemptive type multiplexing serial port automatically switches |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108280037A true CN108280037A (en) | 2018-07-13 |
Family
ID=62800486
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710006766.4A Pending CN108280037A (en) | 2017-01-05 | 2017-01-05 | A kind of method and apparatus that preemptive type multiplexing serial port automatically switches |
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| CN (1) | CN108280037A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110334038A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-10-15 | 深圳市元征科技股份有限公司 | A kind of monitoring system of serial communication |
| CN111400208A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-07-10 | 宁波燊颢信息科技有限公司 | Serial port debugging system |
| CN115952121A (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2023-04-11 | 中电装备山东电子有限公司 | Concentrator and serial port multiplexing circuit |
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| CN110334038A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-10-15 | 深圳市元征科技股份有限公司 | A kind of monitoring system of serial communication |
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| CN111400208A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-07-10 | 宁波燊颢信息科技有限公司 | Serial port debugging system |
| CN115952121A (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2023-04-11 | 中电装备山东电子有限公司 | Concentrator and serial port multiplexing circuit |
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