CN108277792A - A kind of method and apparatus of Desert Control - Google Patents
A kind of method and apparatus of Desert Control Download PDFInfo
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- CN108277792A CN108277792A CN201711467406.0A CN201711467406A CN108277792A CN 108277792 A CN108277792 A CN 108277792A CN 201711467406 A CN201711467406 A CN 201711467406A CN 108277792 A CN108277792 A CN 108277792A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 74
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 240000000950 Hippophae rhamnoides Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003145 Hippophae rhamnoides Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000169546 Lycium ruthenicum Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000007651 Rubus glaucus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011034 Rubus glaucus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000009122 Rubus idaeus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006742 locomotor activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/11—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method and device of Desert Control, hardened using high temperature by the local surface sand scorification in 50% or more desert, prevents sand movement and underground moisture evaporation.The device provides a kind of device of focusing sunlight scanning sintering melted surface sand.The feature that the present invention makes full use of desert area solar energy abundant, it gathers materials on the spot, utilize the sand of solar light focusing scorification desert surface, keep its 50% or more surface hardened, prevent the moisture evaporation of desert surface, and it can be in hardened gap planting plants, soil improvement is carried out to the Shamian Island in remaining place using planting plants, some drought-enduring economic plants may be selected in planting plants, certain economic benefit can also be obtained during preventing and fixing sand in this way, realize sustainable development, this is a kind of green desertification control method that need not be drawn materials outside desert.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to control of desert field, more particularly to the method and used equipment of a kind of Desert Control.
Background technology
The most strong weapon of Desert Control is water, but not only water shortage in desert, and since desert region cloud is few, weather warp
Chang Qinglang is dried, and the sand temperature under shining upon is high, not at all easy to have moisture content that evaporate quickly again.In this way, being unfavorable for sand
Plant growth in desert, due to not having vegetal cover, the moisture in desert is just more prone to evaporate, and sand will be carried away by the wind, more
The sand dune of flowing will be formed by being carried away by the wind come more sands, is kept the arable land that desert is corroded more and more, is caused the harm in desert
Increasingly severe, Desert Control is more and more urgent.
The primary armament of Desert Control is water, currently, Desert Control is mainly by keeping moisture to be not vaporized, it is fixed husky
Son is not carried away by the wind two approach.
In order to check winds and fix drifting sand, moisture content is kept, mainly uses following methods at present：
It is inserted into sand using straw, straw etc., forms one lattice of a lattice, prevent dust storm.
It is covered on sand ground using cement consolidation.
It is laid on sand ground using brick.
Above method can play certain sand fixation really, but will need to expend much using cement and brick covering
Water, and the method for using straw, straw, then cannot keep moisture content, while can not prevent dust storm well well.
Invention content
It is burnt using high temperature the purpose of the present invention is the offer of the deficiency of the method for Desert Control of checking winds and fixing drifting sand at present is a kind of
Burning makes sand melt the method for the Desert Control that postcooling consolidates and be allowed to cool hardened equipment for melting sand.
The present invention is technical solution used by realizing its purpose：A kind of method of Desert Control, will be husky using high temperature
The local surface sand scorification of 50% or more desert, it is hardened, sand movement and underground moisture evaporation are prevented, is included the following steps：
Step 1 carries out high temperature melting sintering to the sand on surface；
Step 2, the thickness for detecting high temperature melting sinter layer turn if the thickness of high temperature melting sinter layer reaches the thickness of setting
To step 4, step 3 is otherwise turned to；
Step 3, to one layer of sand is covered above high temperature melting sinter layer again, turn to step 1；
Step 4 is moved to periphery, turns to step 1.
The feature that the present invention makes full use of desert area solar energy abundant, gathers materials on the spot, and utilizes solar light focusing scorification
The sand of desert surface keeps its 50% or more surface hardened, prevents the moisture evaporation of desert surface, and can be in hardened gap
Planting plants carry out soil improvement using planting plants to the Shamian Island in remaining place, some drought-enduring warps may be selected in planting plants
Help plant, certain economic benefit cannot be obtained during such preventing and fixing sand, realizes sustainable development, this be it is a kind of not
Need the green desertification control method drawn materials outside desert.
Further, in the method for above-mentioned Desert Control：In the step 1, burnt using sunlight light-gathering scan
The mode of sand carries out high temperature melting sintering to the sand on surface.
Further, in the method for above-mentioned Desert Control：In the step 2, the high temperature melting sinter layer of setting
Thickness is in 3-10cm.
Further, in the method for above-mentioned Desert Control：In the step 3, to high temperature melting sinter layer above again
The thickness of one layer of sand is covered in 1cm or so.
Further, in the method for above-mentioned Desert Control：In the step 1, sand is burnt using laser scanning
Mode carries out high temperature melting sintering to the sand on surface.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device of method that realizing above-mentioned Desert Control, it be it is a kind of will be husky
The beam condensing unit of the sand scorification on unconcerned surface, including：The condenser of focusing sunlight supports the activity of condenser on sand ground
The grains of sand of surrounding are pulled over to below holder and dial husky device and accurate control device by holder；Under accurate control device control：
Movable support realizes the pitch angle variation of condenser, keeps sunlight consistent with the optical axis of condenser；Movable support realizes condenser
Height variation, so that optically focused mirror foci is fallen on sandy land surface；Movable support realizes that condenser is flat with sandy land surface on sand ground
It is moved in capable plane, realizes that optically focused mirror foci scans sandy land surface below holder.
In the present invention, solar light focusing can be generated Celsius more than 1700 degree using such light-gathering scan device
High temperature, be easy the sand scorification around focus.
Further, in above-mentioned device：Further include to movable support, dial husky device and accurate control device power supply too
Positive energy power supply system, the solar electric power supply system includes solar panel and accumulator.
The present invention is described in more detail with reference to specific embodiment.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is 1 structure drawing of device of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is 1 device condenser optically focused figure (one) of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is 1 device condenser optically focused figure (two) of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is 2 device condenser optically focused figure of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1, the present embodiment are a kind of focusing sunlights, and the sand of scorification desert surface keeps its hardened, prevents sand
The method of the Desert Control of the moisture evaporation of unconcerned superficial, this method Desert Control include the following steps：
Step 1 carries out high temperature melting sintering to the sand on surface；In the step, using a kind of focusing sunlight scorification desert
The sand on surface, here it is gathering materials on the spot, because desert area is partly cloudy, sunlight resource is very rich, after solar light focusing,
Can be by the sand scorification around focus, theoretically the fusing point of sand is 1670 DEG C of fusing point（Tridymite）To 1710 DEG C（Side
Quartz）, in practice, when focusing sunlight, the temperature of focal point sand can be more than 1700 DEG C, therefore, around focus soon
The sand of (5mm) can melt quickly, and the sand that will be not yet melted with surrounding after fusing is bonded together, and it is super to form radius
The circle for crossing 5mm is hardened, according to the speed moving focal point of regulation, is scanned, so that it may with one piece of desert surface will setting
Sand burns hardened.
Step 2, the thickness for detecting high temperature melting sinter layer, if the thickness of high temperature melting sinter layer reaches the thickness of setting,
Step 4 is then turned to, step 3 is otherwise turned to；In the step, melts hardened on one layer of sand pouring, repaved one layer from surrounding
The sand to come is dialled, general 1cm is thick, then scans fusing according still further to the mode of step 1, finally reaches the hardening layer of 3-10cm thickness
Can, after reaching requirement, reselection lot continues to be sintered.Certainly, if it is thicker, such as thick hardened of 15cm
Layer, it will have the better effect for preventing moisture evaporation.
Previous step is similar to 3D printing or powder metallurgy, is scanning sintering layer by layer.
Step 3, when completing the hardened place of scorificationization above to the desert surface in a region and accounting for 70% or so, then move
The area new to one piece carries out above-mentioned work again, can be with planting plants, in this way, due to major part in the hardened place of no sintering
Local knot tying knot, moisture content are not easy to evaporate, and irrigation water is made to reduce, and save the expense of Desert Control.
Step 4, in some drought-enduring industrial crops of remaining ecological region planting, such as raspberry, lycium ruthenicum, black sea-buckthorn are suitable for husky
The medicinal industrial crops of unconcerned climatic environment, some fruit trees of kind or herbage, harvest can obtain certain economic benefit later,
Realize sustainable development.
It is the mode being sintered by the way of focusing sunlight in the present embodiment, this is a kind of most effective Desert Control
Mode, make full use of the advantage of sunlight abundance in desert, naturally it is also possible to laser sintered mode, to desert surface
Sand carry out scorificationization it is hardened can also, in this case can also utilize solar cell power generation, using battery power storage for swash
Light uses, while can also be using laser sintered benefit, no matter daytime for the device electricity consumption for the Desert Control for carrying out operation
At night can operation, the process of Desert Control can be accelerated, still, sunlight has larger loss by photovoltaic system, such as
Fruit supplies laser sintered desert surface, the utilization ratio of sunlight only directly to utilize sunlight using solar energy photovoltaic system power generation
Focus sintering 30% less than.Best bet is when having strong light daytime largely using focusing sunlight sintering desert table above
The mode operation in face, when at night or sunlight is not strong by the way of laser.
The present embodiment also provides a kind of device of the effect of the method Desert Control of focusing sunlight sintering desert surface, such as
Shown in Fig. 1, the working cell of the present apparatus is exactly a piece of condenser 1, to smooth desert areas or to the sand dune areas Zhong Mianyang
When domain is administered, convex lens may be used, the angle etc. that will transmit through convex lens is adjusted, and focus can be made to be exactly in desert
Surface carries out fusing sintering to the sand of desert surface, if the opaco on sand dune, light reflection mirror can also be used such as a kind of
Paraboloidal reflective mirror carries out optically focused, adjusts the angle of reflective mirror, can also be by the sunlight of paraboloidal mirror reflection
The focus of focusing is in desert surface.
In addition, be exactly the movable support 2 that is supported to the condenser 1 of working cell, in the present embodiment, movable support 2
It being controlled by an accurate control device (not drawn in figure), the pitch angle that condenser 1 may be implemented in movable support 2 is adjusted,
The optical axis face sun of convex lens is set so that its focus is just fallen in addition, movable support 2 can also adjust the height of condenser 1
Bladder support condenser 1 may be used in practice process in ground surface, and condenser can be adjusted using inflator pump, especially convex
Occasion of the lens as condenser, in order to realize that 1 focus of condenser is scanned ground, therefore, the activity branch of the present embodiment
Frame 2 may be implemented the left-right and front-back in the slope surface on horizontal plane or sand dune of condenser 1 and move under accurate control device control,
Realize scanning, the Shamian Island all after scanning fusing more than times below the entire movable support 2, then in one layer of sand of covering above
Then son scans again, just as 3D printing, scanning in layer, final thickness reaches 3-15cm can.
After being melted one time in whole scanning, then one layer of sand is being covered above, also having in the device of the present embodiment
There are one the grains of sand of surrounding are pulled over to below holder to dial husky device (not having picture not draw in figure), it is very simple to dial husky device
Single, above the sand for having pushed hardened by the sand of surrounding under accurate control device control, dialling husky device can also make
Replaced with pump, if with it is husky pump the sand of surrounding being sent on hardened Shamian Island be uniformly sprinkled with next layer and be convenient to.
In order to realize action above, makes the movable motor of movable support, makes to dial motor and precision control that husky device dials sand
Device processed etc. is required for electricity consumption, the present embodiment also to have solar electric power supply system 3.Solar electric power supply system is mainly solar-electricity
Pond plate and accumulator two parts composition, solar panel power generation are first stored in accumulator, and then, accumulator is exported to making work
The movable motor of dynamic holder makes to dial motor and accurate control device power supply that husky device dials sand.
In addition, the present apparatus can also have locomotor activity, it is a kind of engineering truck of Desert Control, therefore, at 2 bottom of movable support
Portion is equipped with wheel, and under accurate control device control, engineering truck can be in desert up train, by accurate control device
Optimization, the device of the Desert Control of the present embodiment can be a kind of unattended device, and hundreds of such improvement is husky
Unconcerned equipment is spread out in desert, it will and there is the speed of faster Desert Control, and has the effect of preferable Desert Control, it can
To say being to put things right once and for all.
Since desert region is partly cloudy, sunlight is all relatively strong when namely early when sun angle is relatively low, evening seven, eight, can also profit
With, but since convex lens is circular, as shown in Fig. 2, being exactly high noon, 6 vertical irradiation of sunlight, as condenser 1 at this time
Convex lens it is horizontally disposed, ground 4 is also horizontal, and convex lens is parallel with ground 4, and the focus 5 of convex lens is just in the sand on ground 4
On son, sand is burnt, until part, sand dissolves, with all hardened fixations of sand.
When not being high noon, if 10 AM is to 3 points or so of afternoon, in order to be collected to sunlight 6, as condenser 1
Convex lens will tilt, as shown in figure 3, when being convex lens at this time by tilting 15 degree, at this point, the focus 5 of convex lens is still
It can be on the sand on ground 4.
But before 8 a.m. and after at 5 points in afternoon, since sun angle is relatively low, in this way, in order to be shone with sunlight 6
It is vertical to penetrate direction, at this point, inclination will be tilted to 45 degree or so by convex lens, at this point, the focus 5 of convex lens is difficult on ground 4
On sand, because on the lower side again cannot go to allow the focus 5 of convex lens on ground 4 at this point, the side of convex lens will rest against ground 4
On sand, therefore, the convex lens used in embodiment 2 is a kind of semicircular convex lens, exactly a kind of to be cut from centre
Convex lens, this convex lens is due to being semicircle, and when rotation rotates along its radius, it can be adjusted with ground 4, will not be due to having one
Half place leans against ground 4；As shown in Figure 4.
It is described in the present embodiment and is directly sintered hardened method in desert surface, in fact in practice, according to this implementation
The method of example can also use the device of the present embodiment, be pumped using a planting sand, the sand of desert surface is pumped in practice in fact
It brings, is dissolved on the spot using solar light focusing, then remove sand layer by layer, it is the same as current 3D printing, by one
One layer of sand of layer is melted by solar light focusing, becomes one piece one piece of husky brick, and then these sand bricks are laid in sand
Unconcerned surface, general 70% desert surface lay this sand brick formed by fusing back plate can, remaining ground can
To plant the suitable for desert climatic environments such as a kind of drought-enduring plant, especially some economic plants such as raspberry, lycium ruthenicum, black sea-buckthorn
Medicinal industrial crops etc., to generate larger economic benefit, increase the bonus of sand control.
Device in the present embodiment has higher through liquid crystal benefit.Existed using the device sintering power designs of the present embodiment
It it is 5-10 square metres/day when being sintered 3-5cm thickness.This sintering power is mainly related with the area of condenser, and area is bigger, sintering
Power is bigger.The specific heat capacity of dry sand is 1.1x103J/ (kgoc), the quality of 1 cubic metre of sand probably at 2 tons or so,
The energy for melting 2 tons of sand needs is about 1.1 x 103J x2000 x1710=3762000kj or so, if all pressed
5cm thickness is sintered, up to 20 square metres after tiling, if all by the sintering of 3cm thickness, if after tiling up to 33 square metres with
On.We select the efficiency of a machine 5 square metres of processing daily under the premise of economic and practical, it is contemplated that the region of processing
It will there are 30% improvement growing area, one day regions that can handle 3.5 square metres of every machine of actual requirement.So this 3.5
Square metre sintering region in 5cm thickness, the energy needed is 658350kj, and in desert area, this equipment can work daily
Time is temporarily set to 7 hours（The morning 10：00 to afternoon 17：00）It calculates, earth's surface is in vertical plane in this working time section
The solar energy of upper receiving is averaged, during 7 hours the energy of every square metre 33600kj per minute at 80kj/ square metres, with
The area that 5cm thickness is sintered 3.5 square metres of required collection light devices is about 33600=19.6 square metres of 658350 ÷.If fruit
It is sintered 3cm thickness, light harvesting device area is probably 3/5ths of 19.6, is probably 12 square metres.This equipment governance process is complete
Completely without pollution, it is nuisanceless, pure natural, gather materials on the spot, do not waste other resources of any, and can realize unattended, full-automatic
Change, the sand control of autonomous formula, greatly reduces the input of cost of labor, the extremely suitable desert for being not suitable for life work and living
The early stage of environment administers.Because equipment takes modularization assembling to design thus, simple for structure, easy to maintenance, effective length of service can
Up to 30 years or more, standing cost was well below other any sand control modes.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method of Desert Control, it is characterised in that：Using high temperature by the local surface sand scorification in 50% or more desert
Change, it is hardened, sand movement and underground moisture evaporation are prevented, is included the following steps：
Step 1 carries out high temperature melting sintering to the sand on surface；
Step 2, the thickness for detecting high temperature melting sinter layer turn if the thickness of high temperature melting sinter layer reaches the thickness of setting
To step 4, step 3 is otherwise turned to；
Step 3, to one layer of sand is covered above high temperature melting sinter layer again, turn to step 1；
Step 4 is moved to periphery, turns to step 1.
2. the method for Desert Control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is poly- using sunlight in the step 1
The mode that sand is burnt in optical scanning carries out high temperature melting sintering to the sand on surface.
3. the method for Desert Control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 2, the high temperature melting of setting
Change the thickness of sinter layer in 3-10cm.
4. the method for Desert Control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 3, burnt to high temperature melting
The thickness of one layer of sand is covered again in 1cm or so above knot layer.
5. the method for Desert Control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 1, using laser scanning
The mode for burning sand carries out high temperature melting sintering to the sand on surface.
6. a kind of device of method according to claim 1 Desert Control, it is characterised in that：Including：The optically focused of focusing sunlight
The grains of sand of surrounding are pulled over to below holder and dial husky device and accurate control by mirror, the movable support of support condenser on sand ground
Device processed；Under accurate control device control：Movable support realizes the pitch angle variation of condenser, makes sunlight and condenser
Optical axis is consistent；Movable support realizes the height variation of condenser, and the focus of optically focused is made to fall on sandy land surface；Movable support is realized
It is moved in condenser plane parallel with sandy land surface on sand ground, realizes that optically focused mirror foci sweeps sandy land surface below holder
It retouches.
7. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Further include to movable support, dial husky device and accurate control
The solar electric power supply system of device power supply, the solar electric power supply system includes solar panel and accumulator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711467406.0A CN108277792A (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | A kind of method and apparatus of Desert Control |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711467406.0A CN108277792A (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | A kind of method and apparatus of Desert Control |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111910610A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-11-10 | 大连大学 | Desert control device |
| CN113587459A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-02 | 苏州泛博增材技术有限公司 | Fresnel lens-based light-gathering heating device |
| CN113639475A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2021-11-12 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | Heating system and method for desert sand |
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Application publication date: 20180713 |