CN108273863B - Processing method of high-precision aluminum alloy pipe - Google Patents
Processing method of high-precision aluminum alloy pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN108273863B CN108273863B CN201810029830.5A CN201810029830A CN108273863B CN 108273863 B CN108273863 B CN 108273863B CN 201810029830 A CN201810029830 A CN 201810029830A CN 108273863 B CN108273863 B CN 108273863B
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- extrusion
- tube billet
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/08—Making wire, bars, tubes
- B21C23/085—Making tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
- B21C23/212—Details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
- B21C23/217—Tube extrusion presses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/32—Lubrication of metal being extruded or of dies, or the like, e.g. physical state of lubricant, location where lubricant is applied
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/02—Cooling or heating of containers for metal to be extruded
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a processing method of a high-precision aluminum alloy pipe, which adopts a specially prepared hot extrusion lubricant, has better lubricating effect, better reduces extrusion force, ensures that the relative size deviation of the wall thickness of the extruded pipe is less than or equal to +/-2.5 percent, adopts a non-pressure residual extrusion mode, saves raw materials and improves the utilization rate of a pipe blank. The invention ensures that the dimensional accuracy of the tube blank can meet the processing requirement of high-precision aluminum alloy tubes, shortens the processing period of the aluminum alloy tubes for the tail transmission shaft by a half and reduces the processing cost of the aluminum alloy tubes for the tail transmission shaft.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a processing method of a high-precision aluminum alloy pipe.
Background
The hot extrusion tube blank processed into the aluminum alloy tube for the helicopter tail transmission shaft is generally purchased in domestic aluminum processing factories, the allowable wall thickness deviation of the high-precision aluminum alloy hot extrusion tube blank in the national standard is less than or equal to +/-10 percent, and the relative wall thickness deviation range of the purchased tube blank is +/-3 percent to +/-15 percent. According to the data accumulation in the production of high-precision aluminum alloy pipes, the pipe blanks with the relative wall thickness deviation less than or equal to +/-5 percent can be put into the production of the pipes, the total number of the pipe blanks which can meet the requirement is less than 20 percent, the qualified rate of the blanks is low, the quality is poor, and the production cost of the pipes is greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a processing method, which realizes that the relative wall thickness deviation of a processed pipe blank is less than or equal to +/-5 percent.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is that the processing method of the high-precision aluminum alloy pipe comprises the following steps:
1) mold preparation
Designing and manufacturing a die, wherein the die comprises an extrusion die, an extrusion cylinder, an extrusion needle, an extrusion rod and an extrusion pad, the extrusion needle is arranged inside a tube blank ingot, the extrusion cylinder is arranged outside the tube blank ingot, and the extrusion needle and the extrusion cylinder constrain the tube blank ingot in the radial direction; the extrusion rod is pressed on the tube billet through an extrusion pad and a graphite ring, and the tube billet is extruded from the extrusion die;
2) heating mould
Heating the extrusion container at a temperature rise rate of 50 ℃/h to 420 ℃, and keeping the temperature for at least 5 h; putting the extrusion die into a heating furnace for heat preservation, heating to 450 ℃, and preserving heat for at least 5 hours;
3) surface treatment of tube blank ingot
The surface of the tube billet is roughened, and the roughening treatment mode is as follows: performing finish machining on the surface of the tube billet according to the design requirement, controlling the wall thickness deviation of the tube billet to be less than or equal to 2%, and finally performing sand blasting until the surface is dull and is grey;
4) preparation for lubrication
Preparing a lubricant, wherein the lubricant comprises high-temperature lubricating grease, high-temperature lubricating oil, water-based colloidal graphite, oily molybdenum disulfide and low-temperature glass powder, and mixing the components according to the mass ratio of 1: 3: 2: 1: 3, mixing in proportion, and fully stirring to form;
5) coating lubricant
Lubricating the tube billet, the extrusion cylinder and the extrusion needle in a spraying mode, wherein the lubricating method of the tube billet comprises the following steps: heating the tube billet to 200 ℃, preserving heat for 2h, taking out the tube billet, spraying a lubricant on the surface of the tube billet, wherein the spraying requires that all surfaces need to be sprayed, the whole lubricating time is not more than 2 minutes, then heating to 200 ℃, preserving heat for 2h, checking a lubricating film on the surface of the tube billet, taking the tube billet out of a furnace and cooling if the coating is uniform, otherwise carrying out surface supplementary spraying, carrying out supplementary spraying on the lubricant on a thinner position of the lubricating film until the lubricating film is uniform, then heating to 200 ℃, preserving heat for 2h, taking the tube billet out of the furnace and cooling; spraying a lubricant on the inner surface of the extrusion container and the outer surface of the extrusion needle 2 hours before the extrusion is started, wherein the spraying time is not more than 2min, and after the spraying is finished, putting the extrusion needle into the extrusion container for heat preservation;
6) heating of tube billet
Heating the tube blank ingot at a gradient temperature with the temperature rise speed of 20 ℃/min to 420 ℃, preserving heat for at least 0.5h, and preserving heat of the tube blank ingot by adopting a resistance furnace and a rotary chassis to ensure uniform circumferential temperature;
7) mounting of
Taking the extrusion die out of the heating furnace, installing the extrusion die into a die seat, spraying a layer of lubricant on the upper end surface of the extrusion die, cleaning the extrusion die after spraying is finished, and wiping off redundant lubricant; taking out an extrusion needle in an extrusion cylinder, loading a heated tube blank ingot into the extrusion cylinder, installing the extrusion needle in the tube blank ingot, and then sequentially installing a graphite ring, an extrusion pad and an extrusion rod on the tube blank ingot; 8) extrusion molding
Operating a hot extruder to extrude, wherein the initial extrusion speed is 0.2mm/s, and gradually increasing the extrusion speed to 0.4mm/s to realize stable extrusion;
10) discard processing
After the tube billet is extruded, the hot extruder continuously extrudes, the tube billet is ejected out of the anti-solar compression mold through the extrusion rod and the extrusion pad by the graphite ring, extrusion without pressure surplus is realized, and the extrusion speed is not changed when the graphite ring is extruded, wherein the extrusion speed is 0.4 mm/s.
Compared with the graphite oil lubricant used in the traditional hot extrusion, the hot extrusion lubricant has no pungent smell and better lubricating effect, better reduces the extrusion force and improves the extrusion environment; the surface treatment of the pipe billet, the coating of the lubricant and the heating of the pipe billet ensure that the metal flow of the pipe billet is uniform during the hot extrusion, thereby ensuring that the relative size deviation of the wall thickness of the extruded pipe is less than or equal to +/-2.5 percent and is far lower than the index of the high-precision size of the relative deviation of the wall thickness of the extruded pipe in the national standard, wherein the high-precision size of the wall thickness of the extruded pipe is less than or equal to +/-10 percent; and a non-pressure residual extrusion mode is adopted, so that raw materials are saved, and the utilization rate of the tube blank is improved. After the tube blank is subjected to precise hot extrusion, the dimensional precision of the tube blank can meet the processing requirements of high-precision aluminum alloy tubes. The qualification rate of the tube blank is improved to be more than or equal to 90 percent, so that the qualification rate of the finished tube is more than or equal to 80 percent, meanwhile, the processing period of the aluminum alloy tube for the tail transmission shaft is shortened by a half, and the processing cost of the aluminum alloy tube for the tail transmission shaft is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in the figure, the processing method of the high-precision aluminum alloy pipe comprises the following steps:
1) mold preparation
Designing and manufacturing a die, wherein the die comprises an extrusion die 1, an extrusion container 2, an extrusion needle 4, an extrusion rod 5 and an extrusion pad 6, the extrusion needle 4 is arranged inside a tube blank ingot 3, the extrusion container 2 is arranged outside the tube blank ingot 3, and the extrusion needle 4 and the extrusion container 2 radially constrain the tube blank ingot 3; the extrusion rod 5 is pressed on the tube blank ingot 3 through an extrusion pad 6 and a graphite ring 7, and the tube blank ingot 3 is extruded from the extrusion die 1;
2) heating mould
Heating the extrusion container 2 at a temperature rise rate of 50 ℃/h to 420 ℃, and keeping the temperature for at least 5 h; putting the extrusion die 1 into a heating furnace for heat preservation, heating to 450 ℃, and preserving heat for at least 5 hours;
3) surface treatment of tube blank ingot
The surface of the tube billet is roughened, and the roughening treatment mode is as follows: performing finish machining on the surface of the tube billet 3 according to the design requirement, controlling the wall thickness deviation of the tube billet 3 to be less than or equal to 2%, and finally performing sand blasting until the surface is dull and is grey;
4) preparation for lubrication
Preparing a lubricant, wherein the lubricant comprises high-temperature lubricating grease, high-temperature lubricating oil, water-based colloidal graphite, oily molybdenum disulfide and low-temperature glass powder, and mixing the components according to the mass ratio of 1: 3: 2: 1: 3, mixing in proportion, and fully stirring to form;
5) coating lubricant
Lubricating the tube billet 3, the extrusion cylinder 2 and the extrusion needle 4 in a spraying mode, wherein the lubricating method of the tube billet 3 comprises the following steps: heating the tube billet 3 to 200 ℃, preserving heat for 2h, taking out, spraying a lubricant on the surface, wherein the spraying requires that all surfaces need to be sprayed, the whole lubricating time is not more than 2 minutes, then heating to 200 ℃, preserving heat for 2h, checking a lubricating film on the surface of the tube billet 3, discharging from the furnace and cooling if the coating is uniform, otherwise performing surface supplementary spraying, performing supplementary spraying on the lubricant at a position with a thinner lubricating film until the lubricating film is uniform, then heating to 200 ℃, preserving heat for 2h, discharging from the furnace and cooling; spraying a lubricant on the inner surface of the extrusion container 2 and the outer surface of the extrusion needle 42 hours before the extrusion is started, wherein the spraying time is not more than 2min, and after the spraying is finished, placing the extrusion needle 4 into the extrusion container 2 for heat preservation;
6) heating of tube billet
Heating the tube blank ingot 3 at a gradient temperature, wherein the temperature rise speed is 20 ℃/min to 420 ℃, the temperature is kept for at least 0.5h, and the temperature of the tube blank ingot 3 is kept uniformly in the circumferential direction by adopting a resistance furnace and a rotary chassis;
7) mounting of
Taking the extrusion die 1 out of the heating furnace, installing the extrusion die 1 into a die seat 8, spraying a layer of lubricant on the upper end surface of the extrusion die 1, cleaning the extrusion die 1 after spraying is finished, and wiping off redundant lubricant; taking out the extrusion needle 4 in the extrusion cylinder 2, loading the heated tube blank ingot 3 into the extrusion cylinder 2, installing the extrusion needle 4 in the tube blank ingot 3, and then sequentially installing a graphite ring 7, an extrusion pad 6 and an extrusion rod 5 on the tube blank ingot 3;
8) extrusion molding
Operating a hot extruder to extrude, wherein the initial extrusion speed is 0.2mm/s, and gradually increasing the extrusion speed to 0.4mm/s to realize stable extrusion;
10) discard processing
After the tube billet 3 is extruded, the hot extruder continuously extrudes, the tube billet 3 is ejected out of the extrusion die 1 through the extrusion rod 5 and the extrusion pad 6 by the graphite ring 7, extrusion without pressure residue is realized, and the extrusion speed is not changed when the graphite ring 7 is extruded, wherein the extrusion speed is 0.4 mm/s.
Claims (1)
1. The processing method of the high-precision aluminum alloy pipe is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) mold preparation
Designing and manufacturing a die, wherein the die comprises an extrusion die (1), an extrusion cylinder (2), an extrusion needle (4), an extrusion rod (5) and an extrusion pad (6), the extrusion needle (4) is arranged inside a tube billet (3), the extrusion cylinder (2) is arranged outside the tube billet (3), and the extrusion needle (4) and the extrusion cylinder (2) radially constrain the tube billet (3); the extrusion rod (5) is pressed on the tube billet (3) through an extrusion pad (6) and a graphite ring (7) to extrude the tube billet (3) from the extrusion die (1);
2) heating mould
Heating the extrusion cylinder (2) at a temperature rise rate of 50 ℃/h to 420 ℃ and keeping the temperature for at least 5 h; putting the extrusion die (1) into a heating furnace for heat preservation, heating to 450 ℃, and preserving heat for at least 5 hours;
3) surface treatment of tube blank ingot
The surface of the tube billet is roughened, and the roughening treatment mode is as follows: performing finish machining on the surface of the tube billet (3) according to the design requirement, controlling the wall thickness deviation of the tube billet (3) to be less than or equal to 2%, and finally performing sand blasting until the surface is dull and is grey;
4) preparation for lubrication
Preparing a lubricant, wherein the lubricant comprises high-temperature lubricating grease, high-temperature lubricating oil, water-based colloidal graphite, oily molybdenum disulfide and low-temperature glass powder, and mixing the components according to the mass ratio of 1: 3: 2: 1: 3, mixing in proportion, and fully stirring to form;
5) coating lubricant
Lubricating the tube billet (3), the extrusion cylinder (2) and the extrusion needle (4), wherein the lubricating adopts a spraying mode, and the lubricating method of the tube billet (3) comprises the following steps: heating the tube billet (3) to 200 ℃, preserving heat for 2h, taking out the tube billet, spraying a lubricant on the surface, wherein the spraying requires that all surfaces need to be sprayed, the whole lubricating time is not more than 2 minutes, then heating to 200 ℃, preserving heat for 2h, checking a lubricating film on the surface of the tube billet (3), discharging the tube billet from a furnace and cooling if the coating is uniform, or performing surface supplementary spraying, performing supplementary spraying of the lubricant on a thinner position of the lubricating film until the lubricating film is uniform, then heating to 200 ℃, preserving heat for 2h, discharging the tube billet from the furnace and cooling; spraying a lubricant on the inner surface of the extrusion cylinder (2) and the outer surface of the extrusion needle (4) 2 hours before the extrusion is started, wherein the spraying time is not more than 2min, and after the spraying is finished, placing the extrusion needle (4) into the extrusion cylinder (2) for heat preservation;
6) heating of tube billet
Heating the tube billet (3) at a gradient temperature with the temperature rise speed of 20 ℃/min to 420 ℃, preserving the heat for at least 0.5h, and preserving the heat of the tube billet (3) by adopting a resistance furnace and a rotary chassis to ensure uniform circumferential temperature;
7) mounting of
Taking the extrusion die (1) out of the heating furnace, installing the extrusion die (1) into a die seat (8), spraying a layer of lubricant on the upper end surface of the extrusion die (1), cleaning the extrusion die (1) after spraying is finished, and wiping off redundant lubricant; taking out the extrusion needle (4) in the extrusion cylinder (2), loading the heated tube billet (3) into the extrusion cylinder (2), installing the extrusion needle (4) in the tube billet (3), and then sequentially installing a graphite ring (7), an extrusion pad (6) and an extrusion rod (5) on the tube billet (3);
8) extrusion molding
Operating a hot extruder to extrude, wherein the initial extrusion speed is 0.2mm/s, and gradually increasing the extrusion speed to 0.4mm/s to realize stable extrusion;
10) discard processing
After the pipe billet (3) is extruded, the hot extruder continues to extrude, the pipe billet (3) is ejected out of the extrusion die (1) through the extrusion rod (5) and the extrusion pad (6) by the graphite ring (7), the extrusion without pressure is realized, and the extrusion speed is not changed when the graphite ring (7) is extruded, wherein the extrusion speed is 0.4 mm/s.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810029830.5A CN108273863B (en) | 2018-01-12 | 2018-01-12 | Processing method of high-precision aluminum alloy pipe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810029830.5A CN108273863B (en) | 2018-01-12 | 2018-01-12 | Processing method of high-precision aluminum alloy pipe |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108273863A CN108273863A (en) | 2018-07-13 |
| CN108273863B true CN108273863B (en) | 2020-10-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810029830.5A Active CN108273863B (en) | 2018-01-12 | 2018-01-12 | Processing method of high-precision aluminum alloy pipe |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111974825B (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2021-08-27 | 燕山大学 | Extrusion forming die and method for ultra-long metal thin-wall pipe |
| CN112893499A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-06-04 | 中核北方核燃料元件有限公司 | Bar billet extrusion device of ODS alloy cladding pipe |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3833987A (en) * | 1971-02-10 | 1974-09-10 | Hudson Products Corp | Finned tubes for use in heat exchangers |
| US4104394A (en) * | 1975-12-15 | 1978-08-01 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Method for diametrically expanding thermally contractive ptfe resin tube |
| US6799357B2 (en) * | 2001-09-20 | 2004-10-05 | Memry Corporation | Manufacture of metal tubes |
| CN201776303U (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2011-03-30 | 沈阳理工大学 | Pipe material extruding experiment device |
| CN102021064B (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2013-06-05 | 二重集团（德阳）重型装备股份有限公司 | Aluminium or aluminium-magnesium alloy die-forging forming lubricant and preparation method and use method thereof |
| CN106914502A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-07-04 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | One kind pad extruding working system and extrusion forming system living |
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Effective date of registration: 20201221 Address after: No.66, Songhua Road, core area of Hanan industrial new town, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province Patentee after: HARBIN DONGAN ELECTROMECHANICAL MANUFACTURING Co.,Ltd. Address before: Heilongjiang province Harbin city 150066 Cottage Area Baoguo Street No. 51 Patentee before: AECC HARBIN DONGAN ENGINE Co.,Ltd. |
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