CN108271614A - A kind of method that miscegenation flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum grafting offspring reduces grape Cd accumulation - Google Patents
A kind of method that miscegenation flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum grafting offspring reduces grape Cd accumulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN108271614A CN108271614A CN201810374589.XA CN201810374589A CN108271614A CN 108271614 A CN108271614 A CN 108271614A CN 201810374589 A CN201810374589 A CN 201810374589A CN 108271614 A CN108271614 A CN 108271614A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
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Abstract
The present invention provides the methods that a kind of miscegenation flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum grafting offspring reduces grape Cd accumulation, belong to miscegenation for plants by heavy metals recovery technique field.Miscegenation method provided by the invention is to carry out miscegenation using flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum different size different strain grafting offspring and grape, and the flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum different size different strain grafting offspring is to carry out mutually grafting obtained grafting offspring using two plants of flowers of sulfur chrysanthemums of different sizes.The present invention carries out miscegenation by selecting different flowers of sulfur chrysanthemums to graft offspring with grape, under the conditions of research Cd stress, influence of the different flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum grafting offsprings to grape Cd accumulation, the result shows that, when carrying out miscegenation with grape using flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum different size different strain grafting offspring, the cadmium content at each position of grape can be significantly reduced, it can effectively promote cadmium accumulation in enriching plant flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum simultaneously, compared with other flowers of sulfur chrysanthemums graft offspring, more efficient cadmium repair ability is shown, good agricultural production effect can be reached.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to miscegenations to be used for plants by heavy metals recovery technique field, and in particular to a kind of miscegenation flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum is transferred
Connect the method that offspring reduces grape Cd accumulation.
Background technology
Heavy metal pollution many places all over the world, make the agricultural soil of many countries and regions and crop seriously be damaged
It loses.Cadmium is the nonessential element of plant growth as one of strongest heavy metal element of toxicity, and harm is extremely serious.China
Cd pollutions are ploughed up to 1.3 × 104hm2, it is related to 25 areas of 11 provinces and cities, far more than other several effect of fertilizer.Cadmium
There is great harm to plant and health, extensive weight both domestic and external has been caused to the improvement of cadmium pollution soil at present
Depending on, but there are larger problems for the large-scale promotion application of traditional contaminated soil remediation method.Phytoremediation is a kind of new technology,
It is a kind of cheap method compared with the method for being related to large-scale energy consumption equipment, has at low cost, high efficiency, environmental-friendly etc. excellent
Point.
Heavy metal super-enriched plant is the core of phytoremediation, and nineteen eighty-three Chaney, which is proposed, utilizes super enriching plant
Remove the thought of heavy metal pollution of soil.Mixing up can be improved by the complementation of root system of plant and aerial part morphosis
Crop efficiently uses the resources such as soil nutrient, water and light, to make crop yield increase.The study found that cadmium super enrichment is planted
Object black nightshade miscegenation cherry seedling, can reduce the cadmium content of cherry seedling, while improving black nightshade cadmium content.This is reduction common plant body
Simultaneously repairing polluted soil provides a new way to interior content of beary metal.But the super enriching plant weight that common plant pair mixes up with it
The influence of Metal-accumulation is different because of the type of plant.Jiang Chengai etc. is by Cd-hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance and rye grass, corn, big
Beans miscegenation finds that miscegenation considerably improves accumulation of the Sedum alfredii Hance to Zn, while being significantly reduced in Cd, Zn contaminated soil
The absorption of corn and rye grass to Cd and Zn.Therefore, only being arranged in pairs or groups by suitable plant, it is super to be improved into (mixed) kind in the ranks
The Metal uptake amount of enriching plant not only contributes to soil remediation, and can carry out normal agricultural production in this way.
Studies have shown that grafting improves the resistivity that Muskmelon Seedlings coerce copper, reduces " arrow Fu Luosha " grape and plant
Absorption of each organ of strain to soil Cd, improves the resistance to Cd characteristics of grapevine seedling.For general plant, grafting can reduce plant
Absorption and accumulation to heavy metal, and for super enriching plant, because grafting can make certain some molecule (DNA, RNA) of stock
It is transmitted between stock and scion, induction offspring generates variation that can be hereditary, and the gold that stands in great numbers is equal studies have shown that using rape as stock
It grafts and can improve shepherd's purse offspring biomass, aerial part cadmium content, aerial part concentration coefficient, transhipment coefficient from seedling grafting
Deng finally improving shepherd's purse Cd accumulation amount.Therefore, grafting can effectively reduce the Accumulation of heavy metals amount of common plant,
Accumulation of the super enriching plant offspring to heavy metal can be increased, this provides one for the improvement of heavy metal super-enriched plant with breeding
New way.
Many heavy metals, which are more than certain limit, to generate toxic action to fruit tree.The investigation in 7 province apple orchards such as Hebei
The results show that the recall rate of heavy metal cadmium is up to 97.6%, fruit cadmium content exceeded 8.1%；Hanyuan Jinhua Pear orchard soil and
The measurement result of contents of heavy metal elements shows that Cd constituent contents have been already higher than national normal value in soil, reach in fruit
Slight pollution.Although at present fruit tree the more other field crops of heavy metal pollution degree it is light, with industry fast development,
Combined pollution will be more and more obvious the harm in orchard.Therefore, orchard also not largely by heavy metal pollution before, find both
The method that orchard heavy-metal contaminated soil, which can be repaired, again can reduce fruit tree Metal uptake amount is of great significance.
Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is Vitaceae Vitis bejuco, and fruit is spherical or oval, flower
Month phase 4-5, the fruiting period 8-9 months.Grape originates in western part of Asia, there is cultivation all over the world, and grape about 95% all over the world is concentrated
Distribution is on the Northern Hemisphere.Grape fruit is famous fruit, is eaten raw or raisins processed, and is made wine, and the wine foot after wine brewing can carry food and drink acid,
Root and the medicinal energy preventing or arresting vomiting of rattan, tocolysis.However, heavy metal pollution of soil has influenced the safety in production of grape, due to China's soil
Most of the content of cadmium is higher in grape, and serious security risk is brought to people are edible by cadmium pollution, especially pair
The safety in production of grape offspring proposes more stern challenge.
Flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum (Cosmos sulphureus) is a kind of flowers cadmium enriching plant, it shows that there is cadmium higher
How characteristic of accumulation using cadmium enriching plant flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum and grape carries out miscegenation to realize effective drop to cadmium content in grape
It is low, a kind of miscegenation method of the grape being more suitable for secure agricultural production and flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum is filtered out, the technology for becoming urgently to be resolved hurrily is asked
Topic.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is exactly that in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, and providing a kind of miscegenation flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum grafting offspring reduces
The method of grape Cd accumulation, the miscegenation method can be advantageously used in the reparation to cadmium pollution in grape, significantly reduce in grape
Cadmium content, while accumulation of the cadmium in enriching plant flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum can be effectively improved, it is preferably applied to Cadmium Pollution in Soils reparation.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of miscegenation flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum grafting offspring's reduction Portugal
The method of grape Cd accumulation, the method are to carry out miscegenation, the sulphur with grape using flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum different size different strain grafting offspring
Magnificent chrysanthemum different size different strain grafting offspring is to carry out mutually grafting obtained grafting offspring using two plants of flowers of sulfur chrysanthemums of different sizes.
If the embodiment of the present invention is recorded, inventor carries out miscegenation by selecting different flowers of sulfur chrysanthemums to graft offspring with grape,
Under the conditions of studying Cd stress, influence of the different flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum grafting offsprings to grape Cd accumulation, to filter out to cadmium pollution soil
The preferable flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum of repairing effect grafts offspring, and reference is provided for the reparation of cadmium pollution soil.It was found by the inventors of the present invention that not
With flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum, grafting offspring is entirely different to Cadmium accumulation characteristic, using flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum different size different strain grafting offspring and grape into
The method of row miscegenation can significantly reduce the Cd accumulation amount at each position of grape, and can effectively promote accumulation of the cadmium in flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum
Amount shows more efficient cadmium repair ability compared with miscegenation other flowers of sulfur chrysanthemums grafting offspring.
Further, the ratio of the miscegenation is flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum different size different strain grafting offspring and the strain number ratio of grape is
1:2。
Further, seedling of the miscegenation using the cuttage seeding and flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum different size different strain grafting offspring of grape
Carry out miscegenation.
Further, flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum different size different strain grafting offspring seedling has 2 true leaf expansion when miscegenation.
Further, the new-tip length of the grape cuttage seeding is 15cm.
Further, it is 80% to keep field soil water content during miscegenation.
Further, the engrafting method is cleft graft.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：The present invention provides it is a kind of using flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum different size different strain grafting offspring with
The method that grape carries out miscegenation to reduce Cd accumulation in grape, the miscegenation method can utmostly reduce each position in grape
Cadmium content, and accumulation of the cadmium in enriching plant flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum can be effectively improved, graft offspring's miscegenation phase with other flowers of sulfur chrysanthemums
Than having more significant progress, it is adapted for agricultural production application, foundation can be provided to the safety in production of grape, and can be to soil
Good repair is played in the improvement of cadmium pollution in earth.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments to the present invention
It is specifically described, it is necessary to, it is noted that following embodiment is used only for that the present invention is explained and illustrated, be not used to
Limit the present invention.Those skilled in the art still belong to according to some nonessential modifications and adaptations that foregoing invention content is made
In protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment
1 materials and methods
1.1 test material
It is moisture soil for examination soil, is derived from Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu school district farmland nearby, does not detect cadmium.
In April, 2017 by gather before do not graft, from root autoplastic graft, from root different strain grafting and different size different strain
The flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum progeny seed of grafting is broadcasted sowing respectively in the farmland of Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu school district, when 2 true leaves are unfolded
Transplanting.For the cuttage seeding that examination grape is huge peak.
1.2 pot experiment
It tests and is carried out in Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu school district in the 4-7 months in 2017.In April, 2017, will air-dry after for examination
Soil crosses 6.72mm (3 mesh) sieves, 3.0kg is packed into per basin with 21cm × 20cm (diameter × height) plastic tub, with CdCl2·2.5H2O
It analyzes pure form and cadmium and mixing is added, make a concentration of 5mg/kg of Cadmium in Soil.Ground moistening is kept, places balance naturally 4 weeks, it is indefinite
Phase digs mixing, ensures that soil is sufficiently mixed uniformly.It selects in May, 2017 and grows almost the same kyoto grape current year cuttage children
Seedling (young sprout is about 15cm) and the consistent flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum seedling of growth (2 true leaves expansion) are planted in plastic tub, and grape single is per basin 3
Strain；Miscegenation is that 2 plants of grape is planted per basin, 1 plant of flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum (pot experiment plantation is spaced about 5cm × 5cm).Experiment is at totally 5
Reason：Grape single, grape miscegenation flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum do not graft offspring, grape miscegenation flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum from root autoplastic graft offspring, grape miscegenation
Flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum grafts offspring from root different strain and grape miscegenation flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum different size different strain grafts offspring, and each processing is repeated 6 times.Basin
The distance between basin is 15cm, and completely random is put, and ensures that it grows under natural situation, according to soil water shortage feelings in basin
Condition irregularly waters, soil moisture content is made to be always maintained at 80% of field capacity or so.To prevent pollutant leaching from leaking
Loss places plastic pallet under basin and refunds effusion in basin.Irregular exchange basin and basin in entire growth course
Position to weaken the influence of edge effect, and go to cut weeds in time, prevent pest and disease damage.
After 60 days, grape and the whole strain of flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum are harvested.Grapevine seedling is divided into root, stem, leaf three parts, flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum is planted
Strain is divided into root system and overground part two parts, is cleaned respectively with tap water, then with after deionized water flushing 3 times, finishes in 110 DEG C
15min, 80 DEG C are dried to weight, crush, and are used for the measurement of cadmium content.1.0000g samples are weighed, nitric acid-perchloric acid is added and disappears
Change (volume ratio 4:1) cadmium content, is measured with 6300 type ICP spectrometers of iCAP (Thermo Scientific, USA), and is counted
Calculate flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum Cd accumulation amount.
2 results
2.1 different miscegenations handle the influence to grape cadmium content
Influence of the miscegenation difference flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum grafting offspring to each position cadmium content of grape is examined or check, the results are shown in Table 1.From table
1, as can be seen that using flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum different size different strain grafting offspring and grape progress miscegenation, it is each can utmostly to reduce grape
The cadmium content at position, wherein compared with grape single, the cadmium content of grape root system reduces by 46.08%, and stalk cadmium content reduces
97.25%, blade cadmium content reduces by 88.04%, and aerial part cadmium content reduces by 90.82%；The miscegenation mode shows excellent
Reduction grape Cd accumulation effect, and offspring, grape miscegenation flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum are not grafted from root homophyletic using grape miscegenation flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum
Grafting offspring, grape miscegenation flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum cannot achieve the cadmium content in grape being reduced to and so show from root different strain grafting offspring
The level of work.
Influence of 1 each miscegenation of table processing to grape cadmium content
2.2 different miscegenations handle the influence to flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum Cd accumulation amount
Influence of the different miscegenations processing to flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum Cd accumulation amount is examined or check, the results are shown in Table 2.From table 2 it can be seen that adopting
Miscegenation is carried out with grape with flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum different size different strain grafting offspring, Cadmium accumulation in flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum is enabled to measure maximum
The promotion of degree, wherein compared with the flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum offspring that miscegenation is not grafted, the Cd accumulation amount at root system position is promoted in flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum
48.50%, aerial part Cd accumulation amount promotes 34.72%, and the processing of other miscegenations cannot achieve the promotion effect, shows this
The miscegenation method of invention can be advantageously used in the reparation of cadmium pollution in soil.
The different miscegenations of table 2 handle the influence to flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum Cd accumulation amount
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method that miscegenation flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum grafting offspring reduces grape Cd accumulation, which is characterized in that the method is to use sulphur
Magnificent chrysanthemum different size different strain grafting offspring carries out miscegenation with grape, and the flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum different size different strain grafting offspring is to use two
Strain flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum of different sizes carries out mutually grafting obtained grafting offspring.
2. the method that miscegenation flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum grafting offspring according to claim 1 reduces grape Cd accumulation, which is characterized in that institute
The ratio for stating miscegenation is flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum different size different strain grafting offspring and the strain number ratio of grape is 1:2.
3. the method that miscegenation flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum grafting offspring according to claim 1 or 2 reduces grape Cd accumulation, feature exist
In the miscegenation carries out miscegenation using the cuttage seeding and the seedling of flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum different size different strain grafting offspring of grape.
4. the method that miscegenation flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum grafting offspring according to claim 3 reduces grape Cd accumulation, which is characterized in that mixed
Flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum different size different strain grafting offspring seedling has 2 true leaves expansion when kind.
5. the method that miscegenation flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum grafting offspring according to claim 3 reduces grape Cd accumulation, which is characterized in that institute
The new-tip length for stating grape cuttage seeding is 15cm.
6. the method that miscegenation flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum grafting offspring according to claim 1 or 2 reduces grape Cd accumulation, feature exist
In it is 80% to keep field soil water content during miscegenation.
7. the method that miscegenation flowers of sulfur chrysanthemum grafting offspring according to claim 1 or 2 reduces grape Cd accumulation, feature exist
In the engrafting method is cleft graft.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113348956A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-09-07 | 南京农业大学 | Method for relieving copper stress of grape seedlings |
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| CN107047223A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-08-18 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of effective reduction grape Cd accumulation and the implantation methods for realizing grape stable yields |
| CN107148856A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-12 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of miscegenation flowers reduction grape Cd accumulation and the method for realizing grape stable yields |
| CN107232019A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-10-10 | 四川农业大学 | Grape stable yields is realized using miscegenation and significantly reduces the implantation methods of its cadmium content |
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2018
- 2018-04-24 CN CN201810374589.XA patent/CN108271614A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11206243A (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 1999-08-03 | Kyoto Prefecture | Method of controlling pod browning of green soybeans belonging to tanbakuro soybean strain |
| CN107047223A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-08-18 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of effective reduction grape Cd accumulation and the implantation methods for realizing grape stable yields |
| CN107148856A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-12 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of miscegenation flowers reduction grape Cd accumulation and the method for realizing grape stable yields |
| CN107232019A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-10-10 | 四川农业大学 | Grape stable yields is realized using miscegenation and significantly reduces the implantation methods of its cadmium content |
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| 林立金: "混种少花龙葵嫁接后代对枇杷镉积累的影响", 《四川农业大学博士学位论文》 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113348956A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-09-07 | 南京农业大学 | Method for relieving copper stress of grape seedlings |
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Application publication date: 20180713 |