CN108267216A - Polarization state synchronous control system and method - Google Patents
Polarization state synchronous control system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108267216A CN108267216A CN201810141522.1A CN201810141522A CN108267216A CN 108267216 A CN108267216 A CN 108267216A CN 201810141522 A CN201810141522 A CN 201810141522A CN 108267216 A CN108267216 A CN 108267216A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/0136—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour for the control of polarisation, e.g. state of polarisation [SOP] control, polarisation scrambling, TE-TM mode conversion or separation
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of polarization state synchronous control system, including：Modulate laser, Polarization Controller, photoelectric detection module and Polarization Control Module, the input terminal of wherein described Polarization Control Module and the output terminal of photoelectric detection module connect, to receive the analog detection signal from photoelectric detection module, and the first output terminal of the Polarization Control Module is connect with the input terminal of the modulation laser, modulated-analog signal is inputted to it, the Output optical power of the modulation laser is modulated, the second output terminal of the Polarization Control Module and the input terminal of Polarization Controller connect, signal is controlled to its input polarization, to adjust the polarization state of the transmission light by Polarization Controller.The invention further relates to polarization state synchronisation control means.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polarization state synchronous control system and methods, more particularly to a kind of to be detected based on the optimal degree of correlation
Dual interferometer polarization state synchronous control system and method, it is suitable for the distributed optical fiber vibration sensings based on dual interferometer
The synchronization closed-loop control of the light circuit end polarization state of device, long-distance distributed optical fiber caused by can solving polarization state variation shake
The problems such as polarization decay present in dynamic sensor distorts with lack of balance interference.
Background technology
Interference type distributed optical fiber vibration sensor, can pinpoint spy due to, high sensitivity long with detection range
Point is very suitable for flutter failure perception and the state event location of Large Infrastructure Projects.However, by thermal stress, mechanical stress and
The factors such as core cross sections are irregular influence, and random variation is presented in the polarization state of transmission light in optical fiber.Polarization state variation does not only result in
There is different degrees of polarization decay, the distortion of Output optical power signal aspect or effectively amplitude reduction in interferometer end, so as to make
It obtains the vibration event detection performance of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor and reduces and even fail, and also lead to distribution type fiber-optic and shake
There is lack of balance interference distortion in two interference ends of dynamic sensor, and two interference Output optical power signal amplitudes, phase, form are presented
Non-uniform change can not even position so that the vibration event positioning accuracy of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor reduces.This
It is the great challenge technical barrier that current interference type distributed optical fiber vibration Sensor Design is faced with exploitation.
At present, most of optical fiber polarisation control systems need to detect transmission polarization state, in this, as polarization control system
Feedback states design Polarization Control algorithm, driving Polarization Controller change transmission polarization state, make transmission polarization state automatic
Approach or maintain given target polarization state.For example, Chinese patent literature CN102081240A (inventor's orchid Po Lams etc.
People, entitled " polarization beat length system in the high speed optical fiber communication based on Polarization Detection module ") disclose one kind typically
Polarization state close-loop control scheme gives detailed circuit design principle figure.Its scheme is with four wave plate electro-optic crystal Polarization Controls
Device is the executing agency for changing polarization state, inclined using reality using the polarization state that light is transmitted in Polarization Detection module detection fiber
The difference of polarization state and given target polarization state adjusts the control instruction of Polarization Controller, realizes that transmission polarization state exists in optical fiber
Line automatically adjusts.
However, for interference type distributed optical fiber vibration sensor, it is general using polarization state testing result as instead
The polarization control system of feedback controlled quentity controlled variable can not meet its polarization beat length requirement.Interference type distributed optical fiber vibration sensor
Vibration perception ability and positioning accuracy depend on amplitude, phase and the form of the interference optical power signals of its interferometer output,
The relative angle that the polarization direction of light is transmitted in two interfere arms of this and interferometer is directly related, with transmitting light in two interfere arms
Absolute polarization direction without directly contact.If interference-type sensing is solved using the polarization control system detected based on polarization state
The polarization decay of device and interference aberration problems are needed in interferometer two-arm respectively plus a set of such polarization control system,
The polarization beat length of an interferometer can be completed, interference Output optical power signal is made to reach expectation requirement.But at the same time, due to
The two-arm of two built-in interferometers of interference type distributed optical fiber vibration sensor is often to couple multiplexing, and control is polarized when utilizing
Device processed changes an interferometer two-arm in the polarization state of interference point, another interferometer two-arm is in the polarization state of interference point
It changes correspondingly.Therefore, when one of interferometer is when the polarization state of interference point reaches predetermined control target, as a consequence it is hardly possible to make
Another interferometer also reaches target simultaneously in the polarization state of interference point.Therefore, it is generally basede on the inclined of polarization state detection
Isolation control system cannot meet the polarization beat length requirement of interference type distributed optical fiber sensor.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of polarization states of the dual interferometer based on the detection of the optimal degree of correlation to synchronize control
System and method processed decline to eliminate to polarize present in long-distance distributed optical fiber vibration sensor caused by polarization state changes
It falls to interfere with lack of balance and distort.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of polarization state synchronous control system, including：Modulation laser,
Polarization Controller, photoelectric detection module and Polarization Control Module, wherein the input terminal of the Polarization Control Module and photodetection
The output terminal connection of module, to receive the analog detection signal from photoelectric detection module, and the Polarization Control Module
First output terminal is connect with the input terminal of the modulation laser, modulated-analog signal is inputted to it, to the modulation laser
Output optical power be modulated, the input terminal of the second output terminal of the Polarization Control Module and Polarization Controller connects, to
Its input polarization controls signal, to adjust the polarization state of the transmission light by Polarization Controller.
Preferably, polarization state synchronous control system of the invention further comprises：One-to-two optical branching device will pass through institute
It states the laser after Polarization Controller and is divided into the equal same source laser of two-way luminous power；Two interferometers are received from described one
The same source laser for dividing the two-way luminous power of two optical branching devices equal, and coupled the optical power signals input light electrical resistivity survey after interference
Survey device module.
Preferably, Polarization Control Module of the invention includes：Analog-digital converter, for receiving from described two interferometers
Optical power signals, and convert it to digital signal；FPGA signal acquisitions and preprocessing module, to two obtained railway digitals
Signal synchronizes acquisition and pretreatment；Module occurs for polarization control signal, generates the laser modulation number of given frequency
Word signal and the Polarization Controller control digital signal for meeting Polarization Control requirement；First digital analog converter, will be described inclined
The digital signal for modulation of given frequency that control signal generating module of shaking generates is converted to analog signal, and export to institute
Modulation laser is stated, the Output optical power of the modulation laser is modulated；Second digital analog converter will be used to polarize
The digital signal of control is converted to analog signal, exports to the Polarization Controller, for driving the Polarization Controller.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of polarization state synchronisation control means is provided, including：It is visited by photoelectricity
It surveys module and receives the optical power signals from two interferometers, and convert it to analog signal；The analog signal of gained is defeated
Enter the analog-digital converter of Polarization Control Module, and convert analog signals into digital signal；Transformed digital signal is inputted
FPGA signal acquisitions and preprocessing module synchronize obtained two ways of digital signals by it acquisition and pretreatment, obtain two
The similarity and energy ratio of road optical power signals；By the similarity of two-way optical power signals and energy ratio as with reference to mesh
Mark, occurs module using polarization control signal, and Polarization Control digital signal is generated according to built-in algorithm；By Polarization Control number
Word signal is converted to analog signal output to Polarization Controller, for driving Polarization Controller, so as to change by Polarization Control
The transmission polarization state of device.
According to a further aspect of the invention, it is same to provide a kind of polarization state of interference type distributed optical fiber vibration sensor
Control method is walked, including：Obtain two interference from distributed optical fiber vibration sensor in real time by photoelectric detection module
The optical power signals of instrument, and analog signal is converted it to, by the analog-to-digital conversion of the analog signal input polarization control module
Device carries out input FPGA signal acquisitions and preprocessing module after analog-to-digital conversion；Utilize FPGA signal acquisitions and preprocessing module pair
The optical power signals detected carry out shaping filter, and the similarity and energy value of two-way optical power signals is obtained；If two-way light
The similarity or relative energy ratio of power signal are less than to target value, then module occur by polarization control signal and start partially
It shakes control algolithm, generates the constant modulated signal of a cycle, the first digital analog converter of module occurs through polarization control signal
Output, driving modulation laser generate modulated light source, and polarization decay caused by changing to polarization state is with interference distortion to interferometer
The influence of Output optical power signal is modulated amplification；Module is occurred by polarization control signal and generates polarization control signal, warp
The second mode converter output of module occurs for polarization control signal, controls Polarization Controller, enters two interferometers to change
Input polarization；The similarity extreme value of two-way optical power signals and similarity pole under each Polarization Control input of traversal search
The energy value and relative ratio of the corresponding two-way optical power signals of value point, establish the similarity using Polarization Control input as key assignments
Extreme value, optical power signals energy value, optical power signals energy ratio table；It tables look-up the energy value for finding out optical power signals, luminous power
Signal energy ratio is both greater than the optical power signals similarity maximum value under the conditions of minimum given threshold value, obtains corresponding polarization control
System input, as optimal Polarization Control input value；The modulated signal of modulation laser is closed, and with optimal Polarization Control input value
Stable state for Polarization Controller inputs, and the interferometer of sensor is made to keep optimal polarization state.
Polarization state synchronous control system according to the present invention and method can eliminate long range point caused by polarization state variation
Polarization decay present in cloth optical fibre vibration sensor distorts with lack of balance interference.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the polarization state synchronous control system of the dual interferometer detected based on the optimal degree of correlation；
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of the Polarization Control Module of the polarization state synchronous control system of dual interferometer.
Specific embodiment
The application is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.It is understood that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is used only for explaining related invention rather than the restriction to the invention.It also should be noted that in order to
Convenient for description, illustrated only in attached drawing with inventing relevant part.It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the application
In embodiment and embodiment in feature can be combined with each other.
According to one embodiment of the invention, it is same to provide a kind of polarization state of the dual interferometer detected based on the optimal degree of correlation
Walk control system 1.It is visited as shown in Figure 1, polarization state synchronous control system 1 includes modulation laser 10, Polarization Controller 20, photoelectricity
Survey module 30 and Polarization Control Module 40.The input terminal 41,42 of Polarization Control Module 40 and the output terminal of photoelectric detection module 30
31st, 32 connection, to receive the analog detection signal from photoelectric detection module 30.One output terminal 43 of Polarization Control Module 40
(can be described as the first output terminal) connect with modulating the input terminal of laser 10, a modulated-analog signal is inputted to it, to modulation
The Output optical power of laser 10 is modulated.Another output terminal 44 (can be described as second output terminal) of Polarization Control Module 40
It is connect with the input terminal of Polarization Controller 20, a polarization control signal is inputted to it, to adjust by Polarization Controller 20
Transmit the polarization state of light.
According to an embodiment of the invention, since polarization beat length system can change the input polarization of interferometer two-arm,
It, can not be real caused by polarization state changes so as to eliminate so as to change the relative angle of interferometer two-arm tip transition polarization state
The problem of existing effect interference, it that is to say polarization decay problem, meet vibration event detection requirement.Furthermore it is possible to synchronous change two
The input polarization of light is transmitted in interferometer so that the both arms tip transition polarization state relative angle of two interferometers relatively connects
Closely, it realizes that the interference of light sensitivity of two interferometers is relatively uniform, meets vibration event and be accurately positioned requirement.
In one embodiment, the output light of modulation laser 10 initially enters Polarization Controller 20, then by one
Such as the one-to-two optical branching device 50 of 3dB, the laser after Polarization Controller 20 is divided into two, obtains two-way luminous power
Equal same source laser.The output terminal of the one-to-two optical branching device 50 is connected to two interferometers A, B, receives come from respectively
The transmission light of the one-to-two optical branching device, and coupled the optical power signals input photodetector module 30 after interference.
In this way, transmission light path and polarization control circuit can form a closed-loop feedback control system, realize to distributed optical fiber vibration
The synchronization control of the end polarization state of two interferometers of sensor.
According to an embodiment of the invention, since interference type distributed optical fiber sensor is indifferent to the absolute of its interferometer two-arm
Amplitude, phase and the form of the reality output interference optical power signals of some interferometer are also indifferent to, to one in polarization direction
For two interferometers of the one-to-two optical branching device connection of 3dB, optical branching device input terminal certainly exist one it is suitable defeated
Enter polarization state so that the interference Output optical power signal quality of two interferometers is consistent.Therefore only a Polarization Controller is needed to put
It is placed between modulated laser source and interferometer on main optical path, you can while realize two interferometers of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor
In the polarization beat length of interference point.
According to one embodiment of present invention, Polarization Control Module 40 is the core of dual interferometer polarization state synchronous control system
Core module, internal structure are as follows：
Polarization Control Module 40 can include analog-digital converter AD0 and AD1, for receiving from two interferometers A, B
Optical power signals, and convert it to digital signal.Polarization Control Module 40 can also include FPGA (field-programmable gate arrays
Row) signal acquisition and preprocessing module 402, acquisition and pretreatment are synchronized to obtained two ways of digital signals.Polarization control
Molding block 40 can also include polarization control signal and module 401 occurs, and can generate the laser modulation number of given frequency
Word signal and the Polarization Controller control digital signal for meeting Polarization Control requirement.Polarization Control Module 40 can also include the
Polarization control signal, can what module 401 generated by one digital analog converter (being a digital analog converter DA0 in this example) occur
The digital signal for modulation of given frequency is converted to analog signal, and exports and give modulation laser 10, to modulating laser
10 Output optical power is modulated.It (is four numbers in this example that Polarization Control Module 40, which can also include the second digital analog converter,
Mode converter DA1, DA2, DA3, DA4), analog signal will be converted to for the digital signal of Polarization Control, exported to polarization
Controller 20, for driving Polarization Controller 20.In addition, Polarization Control Module 40 can also include communication interface CI, it can be with
Host computer is connected to, to carry out initial configuration and control to Polarization Control Module 40.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the control method of Polarization Control Module 40 can include：
Under certain condition, module 401, which occurs, for polarization control signal can generate the modulation number of a given frequency
Signal is converted to analog signal by digital analog converter DA0, and the laser generated to modulation laser 10 is modulated.The opposing party
Face after the optical power signals that modulated dual interferometer exports enter photoelectric detection module 30, is visited by photoelectric detection module 30
Survey is converted to analog signal, is input to the analog-digital converter AD0 and AD1 of Polarization Control Module 40, and FPGA signals are entered after conversion
Acquisition and preprocessing module 402.FPGA signal acquisitions synchronize obtained two-way numerical signal with preprocessing module 402 and adopt
Collection and pretreatment.Then, the similarity and energy of two-way optical power signals exported with FPGA signal acquisitions and preprocessing module 402
Amount ratio is reference object, and module 401 occurs using polarization control signal, and Polarization Control number letter is generated according to built-in algorithm
Number, analog signal output is converted to through four digital analog converters DA1, DA2, DA3, DA4, for driving Polarization Controller 20, from
And change the transmission polarization state by Polarization Controller 20.
Polarization state synchronous control system proposed by the present invention can be used for for example based on Mach-Zender interferometer, Ma Keer
The interference type distributed optical fiber vibration sensor of inferior interferometer, Sagnic interferometers and compound interferometer, control method
It can include：
The first step, photoelectric detection module 30 obtain two interferometer A, B's from distributed optical fiber vibration sensor in real time
Optical power signals, and convert it to analog signal, the then analog-digital converter AD0 and AD1 of input polarization control module 40, into
FPGA signal acquisitions and preprocessing module 402 are inputted after row analog-to-digital conversion；Second step can utilize FPGA signal acquisitions and pre- place
The wave filter for managing the core on chip designs of module 402 carries out shaping filter, and asked by calculating kernel to the optical power signals detected
Go out the similarity and energy value of two-way optical power signals；Third walks, if the similarity or relative energy of two-way optical power signals
Ratio is less than to target value, then module 401, which occurs, for polarization control signal can start Polarization Control algorithm, generate a cycle
Constant modulated signal is exported through digital analog converter DA0, and driving modulation laser 10 generates modulated light source.In addition, Polarization Control
Signal generating module 401 can also generate polarization control signal, be exported through digital analog converter DA1~DA4, control Polarization Controller
20 change the input polarization into interferometer；4th step, the two-way optical power signals under each Polarization Control input of traversal search
Similarity extreme value and similarity extreme point correspond to two-way optical power signals energy value and relative ratio, establish with polarize
Control input is the similarity extreme value of key assignments, optical power signals energy value, optical power signals energy ratio table；5th, it tables look-up and looks for
The energy value of light power signal, optical power signals energy ratio are both greater than the optical power signals phase under the conditions of minimum given threshold value
Like degree maximum value, corresponding Polarization Control input, as optimal Polarization Control input value are obtained；6th step closes modulation laser
The modulated signal of device 10, and the stable state using optimal Polarization Control input value as Polarization Controller 20 inputs, and makes the interference of sensor
Instrument keeps optimal polarization state.
According to the present invention, since the sensing capabilities of interference type distributed optical fiber sensor are transmitted independent of interferometer two-arm
Light absolute polarisation state, therefore do not need to carry out direct polarization state detection, but using most common luminous power detection probe,
The detection of two interferometer interference point polarization state relationships is realized, simplifies the feedback states monitoring process of Polarization Control.
According to the present invention, Polarization Control Module reserves four tunnel Polarization Control outputs on hardware.In real system application,
The type of different polarization controller can be directed to, the algorithm in Polarization Control Module is updated, just can be compatible with common three Retardation Sheets
Polarization Controller (such as three Retardation Sheets LiNbO3 crystal Polarization Controllers) and four Retardation Sheets electro-optic crystal Polarization Controllers.
The preferred embodiment and the explanation to institute's application technology principle that above description is only the application.People in the art
Member should be appreciated that invention scope involved in the application, however it is not limited to the technology that the specific combination of above-mentioned technical characteristic forms
Scheme, while should also cover in the case where not departing from the inventive concept, it is carried out by above-mentioned technical characteristic or its equivalent feature
The other technical solutions for arbitrarily combining and being formed.Such as features described above has similar work(with (but not limited to) disclosed herein
The technical solution that the technical characteristic of energy is replaced mutually and formed.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of polarization state synchronous control system, including：Modulate laser, Polarization Controller, photoelectric detection module and polarization
Control module, wherein the input terminal of the Polarization Control Module and the output terminal of photoelectric detection module connect, to receive from light
The analog detection signal of electric detecting module, and the first output terminal of the Polarization Control Module modulates the defeated of laser with described
Enter end connection, modulated-analog signal is inputted to it, the Output optical power of the modulation laser is modulated, the polarization control
The second output terminal of molding block and the input terminal of Polarization Controller connect, and signal is controlled to its input polarization, to adjust by inclined
Shake controller transmission light polarization state.
2. polarization state synchronous control system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further comprise：
One-to-two optical branching device, by the laser after the Polarization Controller be divided into two-way luminous power it is equal it is homologous swash
Light；
Two interferometers receive the note of the equal same source laser of the two-way luminous power obtained by the one-to-two optical branching device
Enter, and coupled the optical power signals after interference and input the photodetector module.
3. polarization state synchronous control system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the Polarization Control Module includes：
Analog-digital converter for receiving the optical power signals from described two interferometers, and converts it to digital signal；
FPGA signal acquisitions and preprocessing module synchronize obtained two ways of digital signals acquisition and pretreatment；
Module occurs for polarization control signal, and generating the laser modulation digital signal of given frequency and meet Polarization Control will
The Polarization Controller control digital signal asked；
The number for modulation for the given frequency that module generates is occurred for the polarization control signal by the first digital analog converter
Signal is converted to analog signal, and exports to the modulation laser, and the Output optical power of the modulation laser is adjusted
System；
Second digital analog converter will be converted to analog signal for the digital signal of Polarization Control, export to the polarization control
Device processed, for driving the Polarization Controller.
4. a kind of polarization state synchronisation control means, including：
Optical power signals from two interferometers are received, and convert it to analog signal by photoelectric detection module；
By the analog-digital converter of the analog signal input polarization control module of gained, and convert analog signals into digital signal；
Transformed digital signal is inputted into FPGA signal acquisitions and preprocessing module, by its to obtained two ways of digital signals into
Row synchronous acquisition and pretreatment, obtain the similarity and energy ratio of two-way optical power signals；
By the similarity of two-way optical power signals and energy ratio as reference object, module occurs using polarization control signal,
Polarization Control digital signal is generated according to built-in algorithm；
Polarization Control is converted into analog signal output to Polarization Controller with digital signal, for driving Polarization Controller, from
And change the transmission polarization state by Polarization Controller.
5. a kind of polarization state synchronisation control means of interference type distributed optical fiber vibration sensor：
Obtain the optical power signals of two interferometers from distributed optical fiber vibration sensor in real time by photoelectric detection module,
And analog signal is converted it to, by the analog-digital converter of the analog signal input polarization control module, carry out analog-to-digital conversion
FPGA signal acquisitions and preprocessing module are inputted afterwards；
Shaping filter is carried out, and two-way light is obtained to the optical power signals detected using FPGA signal acquisitions and preprocessing module
The similarity and energy value of power signal；
If the similarity or relative energy ratio of two-way optical power signals are less than to target value, sent out by polarization control signal
Raw module starts Polarization Control algorithm, generates the constant modulated signal of a cycle, occurs the of module through polarization control signal
One digital analog converter exports, and driving modulation laser generates modulated light source, polarization decay caused by changing to polarization state and interference
The influence to interferometer Output optical power signal that distorts is modulated amplification；
Module is occurred by polarization control signal and generates polarization control signal, the second digital-to-analogue of module occurs through polarization control signal
Converter exports, and controls Polarization Controller, to change the input polarization for entering two interferometers；
The similarity extreme value and similarity extreme point of two-way optical power signals under each Polarization Control input of traversal search correspond to
Two-way optical power signals energy value and relative ratio, establish similarity extreme value using Polarization Control input as key assignments, light
Power signal energy value, optical power signals energy ratio table；
Light under the conditions of the both greater than minimum given threshold value of the energy value for finding out optical power signals, the optical power signals energy ratio of tabling look-up
Power signal similarity maximum value obtains corresponding Polarization Control input, as optimal Polarization Control input value；
The modulated signal of modulation laser is closed, and the stable state using optimal Polarization Control input value as Polarization Controller inputs, and makes
The interferometer of sensor keeps optimal polarization state.
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| CN114265213A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2022-04-01 | 华中科技大学 | On-chip optical polarization control system based on digital-to-analog converter time division multiplexing |
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