CN108258956B - Control method of single-winding wide-rotor-tooth-structure bearingless switched reluctance generator - Google Patents
Control method of single-winding wide-rotor-tooth-structure bearingless switched reluctance generator Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
- H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method of a bearingless switched reluctance generator with a single-winding wide rotor tooth structure. The generatorThe motor is a three-phase motor, a stator is provided with 12 tooth poles, the arc of the tooth poles of the stator is a mechanical angle of 15 degrees, each tooth pole of the stator is provided with only one set of coil, and the current of each coil is independently controlled; the rotor has 8 tooth poles, the rotor pole arc is a mechanical angle of 30 degrees, and no coil is arranged on the rotor tooth poles; the control method takes the coil current not exceeding the rated current and keeping the current unidirectionality as additional conditions to obtain the bias current of the suspension phase windingI bThe effective value range of the magnetic field generator is obtained, and the optimal solution is obtained in the range, so that the magnetic energy of the suspension phase winding is minimum; by sensing load voltage and PI regulator output signali g *And the reference current value is used as the reference current value of the generating phase stator tooth pole coil. The method realizes decoupling control of motor suspension and power generation, reduces energy consumption of an excitation power supply in a power generation system, improves power generation efficiency, and inhibits suspension disturbance generated by the current of a power generation phase winding.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and relates to a control method of a bearingless switched reluctance generator with a single-winding wide rotor tooth structure.
Background art:
the bearingless switched reluctance motor is a technology combining magnetic suspension and a switched reluctance motor, has a simple structure and strong fault tolerance, saves a mechanical bearing, is convenient to maintain, prolongs the service life of the motor, and has application prospect in the field of aerospace power generation.
In China, Nanjing aerospace university successfully develops a double-winding bearingless switched reluctance generator, which is a three-phase motor, wherein a stator has 12 teeth, the arc angle of each tooth is 15 degrees, and each stator tooth pole is provided with two coils; the rotor has 8 teeth, each tooth having a pole arc angle of 15 °, and no windings on the rotor teeth. The outer coils on the teeth of each phase of stator are connected in series in the reverse direction to form a power generation winding, the inner coils on the teeth of the four phases of stator are disconnected, and the current of each coil is independently controlled to provide an excitation magnetic field. In the rotation process of the motor, the overlapping area of the teeth of the stator and the rotor is changed, so that the size of a magnetic linkage of the generating winding is changed, alternating current induced electromotive force is generated, and direct current can be provided for a load through the rectifier. However, in a double-winding bearingless switched reluctance generator, the amount of copper used is increased because each stator tooth contains two coils. When coil current in the control stator tooth utmost point, not only need to make the motor stabilize suspension, still stabilize load voltage for motor control is comparatively complicated.
The separately excited power converter is often applied to a switched reluctance generator system, and the electric energy input by the excitation power supply is finally returned to a load, so that the energy consumption of the excitation power supply is increased to a certain extent, and the power generation efficiency of the system is reduced.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a control method of a bearingless switched reluctance generator with a single-winding wide rotor tooth structure.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a control method of a single-winding wide-rotor-tooth-structure bearingless switched reluctance generator comprises a motor stator, a motor rotor and a coil;
the motor stator adopts a salient pole structure and is provided with 12 teeth, and the arc angle of each tooth is 15 degrees;
the motor rotor adopts a salient pole structure and is provided with 8 teeth, and the arc angle of each tooth is 30 degrees;
the number of the coils is 12, each coil is wound on the stator teeth of the motor and mutually disconnected, and the current of each coil is independently controlled;
the single-winding wide-rotor-tooth-structure bearingless switched reluctance generator is a three-phase generator, each phase of winding is composed of coils on four stator teeth which are spaced at 90 degrees, and magnetic flux in each phase of winding is distributed in an NSNS manner;
each phase of the winding is used as a suspension winding when the inductance of each coil of the winding is not changed along with the position of the rotor; when the inductance of each coil of the phase winding is reduced along with the position of the rotor, the phase winding is used as a power generation winding; when the inductance of each coil rises along with the position of the rotor, the phase winding does not work;
the rectangular coordinate system is established for the suspension winding according to the positions of four coils in the space, and the coordinate axes are respectively called as an X axis and a Y axis;
the control method of the bearingless switched reluctance generator with the single-winding wide rotor tooth structure comprises the following specific steps:
step A, the difference between the displacement of the rotating shaft of the given motor and the displacement of the rotating shaft of the actual motor is processed by a PID regulator, and the given suspension force F in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction is outputX *、FY *(ii) a When F is presentX *Greater than zero, denotes FX *Pointing to the positive direction of the X axis; when F is presentY *Greater than zero, denotes FY *Pointing to the positive direction of the Y axis;
step B, finding out parameter IbValue range of (i)min,imax)；
When | FX *|≥|FY *In the case of l, the number of the terminal,
and
when | FY *|≥|FX *In the case of l, the number of the terminal,
and
where K is a constant related to the size of the motor only, InIs the rated current of the motor;
then:
if it is not
When it is taken
If it is not
Get Ib＝imin；
If it is not
Get Ib＝imax；
Step C, obtaining a reference current value of the suspension winding;
according to the formula
respectively calculate is1 *、is2 *、is3 *And is4 *，is1 *、is2 *、is3 *And is4 *Respectively representing the positive current of an X axis, the positive current of a Y axis, the negative current of the X axis and the negative current of the Y axis of the suspension winding;
d, passing the difference between the given load voltage and the actual load voltage through a PI regulator to obtain the reference current value i of the generating windingg *；
And step E, adopting hysteresis control to control the current of the suspension winding at the reference current value of the suspension winding and control the current of the power generation winding at the reference current value of the power generation winding.
The invention provides a control method of a bearingless switched reluctance generator with a single-winding wide rotor tooth structure, and by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the control method has the following technical effects:
(1) according to the invention, the stator pole arc angle is set to be 15 degrees, the rotor pole arc angle is set to be 30 degrees, and the decoupling control of suspension and power generation can be realized;
(2) the invention adopts a method that the current of each coil is independently controlled, so that the control of the motor is more flexible;
(3) the method for controlling the bearingless switched reluctance generator with the single-winding wide rotor tooth structure reduces the energy consumption of an excitation power supply in a power generation system and improves the power generation efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a bearingless switched reluctance generator with a single-winding wide rotor tooth structure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an a-phase winding.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the inductance of the phase a winding.
Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of the a-phase winding current.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a control method of a bearingless switched reluctance generator with a single-winding wide rotor tooth structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a power converter employed with the a-phase winding.
In fig. 1 to 6, 1 is a motor stator, 2 is a motor rotor, 3 is a winding, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, and T8 are MOS power transistors, where T1, T3, T5, and T7 are referred to as upper arm tubes, T2, T4, T6, and T8 are referred to as lower arm tubes, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, and D8 are flywheel diodes, C1 and C2 are voltage stabilizing capacitors, u is a motor rotor, u is a winding, and u is a windingsFor exciting power supply, RLFor resistive load, x and y are given displacements in horizontal and vertical directions, x and y are actual displacements in horizontal and vertical directions, and UL *For a given load voltage, ULIs the actual load voltage, FX *、FY *Given levitation forces, i, in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectivelyg *The rotor position angle is a rotor position angle, I is a composite signal of the suspension current reference value and the generation current reference value, and I is a composite signal of the suspension current actual value and the generation current actual value.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the technical scheme of the method for controlling the bearingless switched reluctance generator with the single-winding wide rotor tooth structure is described in detail in the following with reference to the attached drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a single-winding wide rotor tooth structure bearingless switched reluctance generator is shown, wherein 1 is a motor stator, 2 is a motor rotor, and 3 is a coil;
the motor stator is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets, adopts a salient pole structure and is provided with 12 teeth, and the arc angle of each tooth is 15 degrees;
the motor rotor is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets, adopts a salient pole structure and is provided with 8 teeth, and the arc angle of each tooth is 30 degrees;
the number of the coils is 12, each coil is wound on the stator teeth of the motor and mutually disconnected, and the current of each coil is independently controlled;
the single-winding wide-rotor-tooth-structure bearingless switched reluctance generator is a three-phase generator, each phase of winding is composed of four coils on stator teeth which are spaced at intervals of 90 degrees, and magnetic flux in each phase of winding is distributed in an NSNS manner.
As shown in fig. 2, the a-phase winding is schematically composed of a1, a2, A3 and a4 stator tooth coils, the four coils are spaced apart from each other by 90 ° and are disconnected from each other, and the current of each coil is controlled independently; a rectangular coordinate system is established according to the relative positions of four coils of the A-phase winding in space, the coordinate axes are an X axis and a Y axis respectively, wherein A1 and A3 stator tooth coils are located in the positive direction of the X axis and the negative direction of the X axis respectively, and A2 and A4 stator tooth coils are located in the positive direction of the Y axis and the negative direction of the Y axis respectively;
as shown in fig. 3, in the schematic diagram of the inductance of the a-phase winding, if the coincidence position of the axes of the stator and rotor teeth is set to 0 °, the inductance of the a-phase winding rises along with the position of the rotor within (-22.5 °, -7.5 °), and at this time, the a-phase winding does not work; in (-7.5 degrees and 7.5 degrees), the inductance of the winding keeps unchanged along with the position of the rotor, and the A-phase winding works as a suspension winding; within (7.5 °,22.5 °), the winding inductance decreases with the rotor position, and the a-phase winding operates as a generating winding.
As shown in FIG. 4, the A-phase winding current waveform diagram is that in (-7.5 degrees, 7.5 degrees), the A-phase winding is used as a suspension winding, and the A1, A2, A3 and A4 tooth coil currents are respectively controlled at is1 *、is2 *、is3 *And is4 *(ii) a In (7.5 degrees, 22.5 degrees), the current of four coils of the A-phase winding is controlled to be ig *Nearby; within (-22.5, -7.5), the a-phase winding is in an open circuit state.
As shown in FIG. 5, the invention relates to a frame diagram of a control method of a single-winding wide-rotor-tooth-structure bearingless switched reluctance generator, which measures the actual displacement of a motor in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction by using an eddy current sensor, and outputs a given suspension force F in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction through PID adjustment on the difference between the actual displacement and the given displacementX *、FY *(ii) a When | FX *|≥|FY *When l, according to the inequality
Determining the parameter IbThe value range of (a); when | FY *|≥|FX *When l, according to the inequality
Determining the parameter IbWhere K is a constant related only to the size of the motor, InIs the rated current of the motor; let the finally obtained IbThe value range is (i)min,imax) Then when
When it is taken
If it is not
Get Ib＝imin(ii) a If it is not
Get Ib＝imax. According to the formula
Find is1 *、is2 *、is3 *、is4 *，is1 *、is2 *、is3 *And is4 *Respectively representing the positive current of an X axis, the positive current of a Y axis, the negative current of the X axis and the negative current of the Y axis of the suspension winding; the difference between the given load voltage and the actual load voltage is output as a signal i through a PI controllerg *As a reference current to levitate the four coils of the winding.
As shown in fig. 6, the schematic diagram of the power converter adopted by the a-phase winding is that the a-phase winding does not work within (-22.5 °, -7.5 °), and the upper and lower tubes of each bridge arm are in a cut-off state; in the range of (-7.5 degrees and 7.5 degrees), the A-phase winding is used as a suspension winding, if the actual current of each coil is larger than the difference between the reference current and the width of the hysteresis loop, the upper tube of the bridge arm is cut off, the lower tube of the bridge arm is conducted, and otherwise, the upper tube and the lower tube of the bridge arm are conducted simultaneously; and in the range of (7.5 degrees and 22.5 degrees), the A-phase winding is used as a generating winding, if the actual current of each coil is greater than the sum of the reference current and the width of the hysteresis loop, the upper tube and the lower tube of the bridge arm are simultaneously cut off, otherwise, the upper tube is cut off, and the lower tube is conducted.
Claims (1)
1. A control method of a single-winding wide-rotor-tooth-structure bearingless switched reluctance generator comprises a motor stator, a motor rotor and a coil;
the motor stator adopts a salient pole structure and is provided with 12 teeth, and the arc angle of each tooth is 15 degrees;
the motor rotor adopts a salient pole structure and is provided with 8 teeth, and the arc angle of each tooth is 30 degrees;
the number of the coils is 12, each coil is wound on the stator teeth of the motor and mutually disconnected, and the current of each coil is independently controlled;
the single-winding wide-rotor-tooth-structure bearingless switched reluctance generator is a three-phase generator, each phase of winding is composed of coils on four stator teeth which are spaced at 90 degrees, and magnetic flux in each phase of winding is distributed in an NSNS manner;
each phase of the winding is used as a suspension winding when the inductance of each coil of the winding is not changed along with the position of the rotor; when the inductance of each coil of the phase winding is reduced along with the position of the rotor, the phase winding is used as a power generation winding; when the inductance of each coil rises along with the position of the rotor, the phase winding does not work;
the rectangular coordinate system is established for the suspension winding according to the positions of four coils in the space, and the coordinate axes are respectively called as an X axis and a Y axis;
the control method of the bearingless switched reluctance generator with the single-winding wide rotor tooth structure is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
step A, the difference between the displacement of the rotating shaft of the given motor and the displacement of the rotating shaft of the actual motor is processed by a PID regulator, and the given suspension force F in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction is outputX *、FY *(ii) a When F is presentX *Greater than zero, denotes FX *Pointing to the positive direction of the X axis; when F is presentY *Greater than zero, denotes FY *Pointing to the positive direction of the Y axis;
step B, finding out parameter IbValue range of (i)min,imax)；
When | FX *|≥|FY *In the case of l, the number of the terminal,
and
when | FY *|≥|FX *In the case of l, the number of the terminal,
and
where K is a constant related to the size of the motor only, InIs the rated current of the motor;
then:
if it is not
When it is taken
If it is not
Get Ib＝imin；
If it is not
Get Ib＝imax；
Step C, obtaining a reference current value of the suspension winding;
according to the formula
respectively calculate is1 *、is2 *、is3 *And is4 *；is1 *、is2 *、is3 *And is4 *Respectively representing the positive current of an X axis, the positive current of a Y axis, the negative current of the X axis and the negative current of the Y axis of the suspension winding;
d, passing the difference between the given load voltage and the actual load voltage through a PI regulator to obtain the reference current value i of the generating windingg *；
And step E, adopting hysteresis control to control the current of the suspension winding at the reference current value of the suspension winding and control the current of the power generation winding at the reference current value of the power generation winding.
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| CN201810018939.9A CN108258956B (en) | 2018-01-09 | 2018-01-09 | Control method of single-winding wide-rotor-tooth-structure bearingless switched reluctance generator |
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| CN201810018939.9A CN108258956B (en) | 2018-01-09 | 2018-01-09 | Control method of single-winding wide-rotor-tooth-structure bearingless switched reluctance generator |
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| CN111211657B (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2021-04-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | Axial disc type five-degree-of-freedom suspension bearingless switched reluctance motor |
| CN113113994B (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-04-15 | 南京邮电大学 | Bearingless switched reluctance motor, power converter and control method |
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| EP1158657B1 (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2005-11-30 | STMicroelectronics S.r.l. | Method and system for driving switched reluctance motors (SRM) |
| CN103296935B (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2015-12-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of composite construction bearing-free switch reluctance motor and control method thereof |
| CN104184286B (en) * | 2014-08-05 | 2017-04-19 | 南京工程学院 | Magnetic suspension switch magnetic resistance flywheel motor and control method |
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