CN108254249A - A kind of intelligent experimental rig and its application method for being used to measure soil body tensile strength - Google Patents
A kind of intelligent experimental rig and its application method for being used to measure soil body tensile strength Download PDFInfo
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- CN108254249A CN108254249A CN201711471460.2A CN201711471460A CN108254249A CN 108254249 A CN108254249 A CN 108254249A CN 201711471460 A CN201711471460 A CN 201711471460A CN 108254249 A CN108254249 A CN 108254249A
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- soil body
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0067—Fracture or rupture
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of for measuring the intelligent experimental rig and its application method of soil body tensile strength, which includes pedestal, sample load units, measuring unit, power loading unit and data processing unit.The present invention can either it is easy and accurately measure the soil body tensile strength, it also is able to draw out soil body tensile strength and the variation relation figure of displacement automatically on computers simultaneously, and the image data that the soil body is gradually broken under tensile stress can be preserved, so that preferably I studies the tensile characteristics offer reference frame of the soil body.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to centrifugal modeling technical fields, are tried more particularly to a kind of for measuring the intelligence of soil body tensile strength
Experiment device and its application method.
Background technology
In Traditional project geological environment and soil body mechanical property Quality Research, the soil body does not make actively usually as tensile materials
It is considered as with, it is believed that the tensile strength very little of the soil body or almost zero, the tensile strength of the soil body in Practical Project is caused usually to be neglected
Depending on, and resistance to compression and shearing resistance are laid particular emphasis on to soil body mechanical property Quality Research also more, it is less to the research of tension.In fact, the soil body
Tensile characteristics play very important effect during soil deformation and failure, thus also produce many associated
Soil body engineering problem.For example the crack phenomenon developed in the soil body in dry environment, the development of ground fissure, the tensioning at side slope rear portion are split
The drawing crack destruction of gap, core of earth-rockfill dam under arching effect etc., has close ties with soil body pulling damage.Therefore, it is right
The tensile characteristics of the soil body are studied, and measure the tensile strength of the soil body, and take certain engineering measure to improve the anti-of the soil body
Tensile strength has important engineering significance.
The test of the well known tensile strength to the soil body mainly carries out indoors, and test method can be divided into two classes:One
Class is direct measuring method, i.e. uniaxial tensile test and triaxial extension test method;Another kind of is Indirect Determination, is pressed including radial direction
Split experiment, bending beam test and ring-shaped sample method etc..Due to Indirect Determination, there are more theory hypothesis, pass through a series of meters
Obtained tensile strength can not directly react mechanical property during soil mass fragmentation, have larger difference with actual conditions.It is and straight
It is directly to apply tensile stress at the both ends of soil sample up to rupture failure to connect measuring method, and the result of acquisition has higher reliability.
Meanwhile the research of soil body shearing-resistance characteristic is compared, up to the present there is no the soil body tensile strength examination that industry is generally accepted
Experiment device.
A kind of integrate dependable performance, using easy measurement soil body tensile strength in conclusion how to accelerate to research and develop
Intelligent experimental rig be this field a urgent task.
Invention content
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the shortcomings of to provide one kind present in the prior art and be used to measure soil body tension
The intelligent experimental rig of intensity, the present invention can either tensile strength that is easy and accurately measuring the soil body, while also be able to
Automatically the variation relation figure of soil body tensile strength and displacement is drawn out on computer and the soil body can be preserved under tensile stress
The image data being gradually broken, so that preferably I studies the tensile characteristics offer reference of the soil body.
According to a kind of intelligent experimental rig for being used to measure soil body tensile strength proposed by the present invention, which is characterized in that packet
Pedestal, sample load units, measuring unit, power loading unit and data processing unit are included, the pedestal is equipped with sample
Load units, measuring unit and power loading unit, the measuring unit, power loading unit pass through data line and data respectively
Processing unit connects;The sample load units include waveform mold, bolt and the first bottom plate, and the measuring unit includes drawing
Force snesor, back springing type displacement sensor, imaging sensor, the second bottom plate and flexible jointing-rod, the power loading unit packet
Include screw, guide rod and motor, the data processing unit includes demodulator and computer, the demodulator by data line with
Computer is connected;The waveform mold splices for the part of left and right two, and side wall is equipped with eight circular holes, waveform mold
Left end is arranged on the first bottom plate, is connect by drag hook and connector with pulling force sensor, and right end is set on the base;The screw
One end connect across the second bottom plate with motor, the other end is fixed on pedestal;One end of the guide rod sequentially passes through first
Bottom plate and the second bottom plate are connect with pedestal, and the other end is fixed on pedestal;The pulling force sensor is fixed on the second bottom plate;Institute
Back springing type displacement sensor is stated to be located on pedestal;Described image sensor is fixed on by flexible jointing-rod in waveform mold
Between position surface;Pulling force sensor, back springing type displacement sensor and imaging sensor respectively by data line and data at
Reason unit is connected;The motor of the power loading unit is connected by data line with data processing unit.
The present invention realization principle be:The sample prepared is put into waveform mold, starts motor, screw drives the
Level is moved to the left the left end of two bottom plates, pulling force sensor and waveform mold together, and sample tension produces fracture;Guide rod one
End is fixed on pedestal, and the other end sequentially passes through the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate is connect with pedestal, and the left end of waveform mold leads to
It crosses bolt to be fixed on the first bottom plate, the left end of waveform mold can drive the first bottom plate when occurring mobile, the first bottom plate can edge
Guide rod movement, the first bottom plate will not because of by sample when resisting tensile stress generated counter-force and deviate original position
It puts, this ensures that the direction of sample stress is consistent;The both sides of waveform mold are in wavy, the inner wall of increase waveform mold and examination
On the one hand contact area between sample avoids the soil body from end effect occur, on the other hand ensures the side of the soil body and waveform mold
Slip is not generated between wall;It is each during computer is accurate, continuously record is tested during rupture failure occurs for sample
Item parameter, according to the sample picture at displacement flux matched corresponding moment.
Its remarkable advantage is the present invention compared with prior art:
First, the fracture position of the default soil body of the present invention, and can proof stress loading speed, test repeatability is good.
Second is that the present invention, using pulling force sensor and back springing type displacement sensor, test data accuracy is high, and can
Tensile stress and the variation relation figure of soil sample displacement in continuous record drawing process.
Third, the present invention, which applies horizontal direction tensile stress, stretches soil sample, soil body its own gravity when vertical direction stretches is avoided
Influence to result of the test.
Fourth, the present invention can be tested simply and quickly, a large amount of time cost is saved, the present invention is suitable for each
Class soil body engineering has good practicability.
Fifth, the present invention is able to record and preserves the image data that the soil body is gradually broken under tensile stress, so as to for preferably
The tensile characteristics for studying the soil body provide reference frame.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of vertical view of intelligent experimental rig for being used to measure soil body tensile strength proposed by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of sectional side view of intelligent experimental rig for being used to measure soil body tensile strength proposed by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of the first bottom plate proposed by the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of the second bottom plate proposed by the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structure diagram of waveform mold proposed by the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the load-deformation curve schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
It is proposed by the present invention a kind of for measuring the intelligent experimental rig of soil body tensile strength with reference to Fig. 1-5, including pedestal
8th, sample load units, measuring unit, power loading unit and data processing unit, the pedestal 8 are loaded equipped with sample
Unit, measuring unit and power loading unit, the measuring unit, power loading unit pass through data line and data processing respectively
Unit connects;The sample load units include waveform mold 13,12 and first bottom plate 4 of bolt, and the measuring unit includes
Pulling force sensor 10, back springing type displacement sensor 7, imaging sensor 1, the second bottom plate 3 and flexible jointing-rod 15, the power add
Carrier unit includes screw 6, guide rod 5 and motor 9, and the data processing unit includes demodulator 14 and computer 16, the solution
Device 14 is adjusted to be connected by data line with computer 16;The waveform mold 13 splices for the part of left and right two, is set on side wall
There are eight circular holes, the left end of waveform mold 13 is arranged on the first bottom plate 4, passes through drag hook 2 and connector 11 and pulling force sensor
10 connections, right end are arranged on pedestal 8;One end of the screw 6 is connect across the second bottom plate 3 with motor 9, and the other end is fixed on
On pedestal 8;One end of the guide rod 5 sequentially passes through the first bottom plate 4 and the second bottom plate 3 is connect with pedestal 8, and the other end is fixed on
On pedestal 8;The pulling force sensor 10 is fixed on the second bottom plate 3;The back springing type displacement sensor 7 is located on pedestal 8;Institute
State the surface that imaging sensor 1 is fixed on the intermediate position of waveform mold 13 by flexible jointing-rod 15;Pulling force sensor
10th, back springing type displacement sensor 7 and imaging sensor 1 are connected respectively by data line with data processing unit;The power
The motor 9 of loading unit is connected by data line with data processing unit.
A kind of further preferred scheme of intelligent experimental rig for measuring soil body tensile strength proposed by the present invention is:
The pedestal 8 is equipped with waveform mold 13, motor 9, back springing type displacement sensor 7, screw 6, guide rod 5, soft
Property connecting rod 15;The motor 9 is stepless speed-change motor or multi-change speed motor.
The upper surface of first bottom plate 4 is set there are four circular hole, corresponding with the circular hole on waveform mold 13, by inserting
Pin 12 is connected with waveform mold 13, and upper surface is equipped with that groove is chimeric with waveform mold (13), and side is equipped with perforative the
One left 17 and first right circular hole 18 of circular hole.
The side of second bottom plate 3 is equipped with the perforative second left circular hole 19,21 and second right circular hole 20 of middle circular hole;It is described
Middle circular hole 21 is internally provided with the internal thread opposite with screw 6;The screw 6 is screw rod or ball screw, across middle circular hole 21.
The second left circular hole 19, the second right circular hole 20, the first left circular hole 17 are identical with the aperture of the first right circular hole 18.
The guide rod is column iron, and quantity is two, and one of guide rod passes through the first left circular hole 17 and second
Left circular hole 19, another guide rod pass through the first right 18 and second right circular hole 20 of circular hole.
The quantity at least two of the back springing type displacement sensor 7.
The flexible jointing-rod 15 can be arbitrarily bent, and shape after bending is fixed.
Embodiment 1.A kind of critical piece of intelligent experimental rig for being used to measure soil body tensile strength proposed by the present invention
Design parameter and requirement be further disclosed directly below:
The material of waveform mold 13 of the present invention be iron, plating, length 100mm, width 80mm, height
50mm, wall thickness 10mm, the fracture position of middle preset is apart from both sides 50mm;
Bolt 12 is in cylinder, and basal diameter 5mm, length 60mm, material is iron, plating;
The range of pulling force sensor 10 is 0~300N, precision 0.01N;
The displacement range of back springing type displacement sensor 7 is 50mm;
A diameter of 10mm of screw 6, length 25cm are threaded, and material is iron, plating;
A diameter of 10mm of guide rod 5, length 20cm, surface is smooth, and material is iron, plating;
Motor 9 has the function of to advance, retreat and stop, and loading speed has 0.8mm/min, 1.2mm/min and 2.4mm/
Min third gear.
Embodiment 2.A kind of intelligent experimental rig and preferred embodiment for being used to measure soil body tensile strength proposed by the present invention
Application method, which is characterized in that comprise the following specific steps that:
Step 1, intelligent experimental rig is assembled:Drag hook 2 and connector 11 are subjected to embedded connection, bolt 12 is inserted into, makes wave
Shape wave mold 13 is bonded respectively with the first bottom plate 4, pedestal 8;Start motor 9, adjust the position of the first bottom plate 4, the first bottom
Plate 4 and pedestal 8 stop motor 9 after contacting;
Step 2, sample is loaded:According to moisture content and the control condition of compactness, the soil of certain mass is weighed, is put into assembling
In good waveform mold 13, uniformly pave;Or sample is prepared using special cutting ring, sample is put into assembled waveform
In mold 13;
Step 3, tensile sample:It operates computer 16 and starts motor 9, start to apply pulling force to sample, until sample fracture;
After sample fracture, stop experiment, extract bolt 12, remove waveform mold 13, take out the sample being wherein broken;
Step 4, test data is obtained:Computer 16 receives and stores the measurement data of measuring unit, is included in and tested
The pulling force that sample is subject in journey, the displacement of generation and the image of whole process;Measured data are handled by computer 16, are obtained
To complete load-deformation curve and mix the sample picture at corresponding moment;Load-deformation curve is as shown in Figure 6.
All explanations not related to belong to techniques known in the specific embodiment of the present invention, can refer to known skill
Art is implemented.The present invention achieves satisfied trial effect through validation trial.
More than specific embodiment and embodiment are to a kind of intelligence for being used to measure soil body tensile strength proposed by the present invention
The specific support of energy experimental rig and its application method technological thought, it is impossible to protection scope of the present invention is limited with this, it is every to press
According to technological thought proposed by the present invention, any equivalent variations done on the basis of the technical program or equivalent change, still
Belong to the range of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of intelligent experimental rig for being used to measure soil body tensile strength, which is characterized in that loaded including pedestal (8), sample
Unit, measuring unit, power loading unit and data processing unit, the pedestal (8) are equipped with sample load units, measure
Unit and power loading unit, the measuring unit, power loading unit are connect respectively by data line with data processing unit;
The sample load units include waveform mold (13), bolt (12) and the first bottom plate (4), and the measuring unit includes pulling force
Sensor (10), back springing type displacement sensor (7), imaging sensor (1), the second bottom plate (3) and flexible jointing-rod (15), it is described
Power loading unit includes screw (6), guide rod (5) and motor (9), and the data processing unit includes demodulator (14) and meter
Calculation machine (16), the demodulator (14) are connected by data line with computer (16);The waveform mold (13) is left and right
Two parts are spliced, and side wall is equipped with eight circular holes, and the left end of waveform mold (13) is arranged on the first bottom plate (4), passes through
Drag hook (2) and connector (11) are connect with pulling force sensor (10), and right end is arranged on pedestal (8);It wears one end of the screw (6)
It crosses the second bottom plate (3) to connect with motor (9), the other end is fixed on pedestal (8);One end of the guide rod (5) sequentially passes through
First bottom plate (4) and the second bottom plate (3) are connect with pedestal (8), and the other end is fixed on pedestal (8);The pulling force sensor
(10) it is fixed on the second bottom plate (3);The back springing type displacement sensor (7) is located on pedestal (8);Described image sensor
(1) surface at the intermediate position of waveform mold (13) is fixed on by flexible jointing-rod (15);Pulling force sensor (10) returns
Bullet formula displacement sensor (7) and imaging sensor (1) are connected respectively by data line with data processing unit;The power adds
The motor (9) of carrier unit is connected by data line with data processing unit.
A kind of 2. intelligent experimental rig for being used to measure soil body tensile strength according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
State pedestal (8) equipped with waveform mold (13), motor (9), back springing type displacement sensor (7), screw (6), guide rod (5),
Flexible jointing-rod (15);The motor (9) is stepless speed-change motor or multi-change speed motor.
A kind of 3. intelligent experimental rig for being used to measure soil body tensile strength according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
The upper surface for stating the first bottom plate (4) is set there are four circular hole, corresponding with the circular hole on waveform mold (13), is passed through bolt (12)
It is connected with waveform mold (13), upper surface is chimeric with waveform mold (13) equipped with groove, and side is equipped with perforative first
Left circular hole (17) and the first right circular hole (18).
A kind of 4. intelligent experimental rig for being used to measure soil body tensile strength according to claim 3, which is characterized in that institute
The side for stating the second bottom plate (3) is equipped with the perforative second left circular hole (19), middle circular hole (21) and the second right circular hole (20);In described
Circular hole (21) is internally provided with the internal thread opposite with screw (6);The screw (6) is screw rod or ball screw, across middle circle
Hole (21).
A kind of 5. intelligent experimental rig for being used to measure soil body tensile strength according to claim 4, which is characterized in that institute
It is identical with the aperture of the first right circular hole (18) to state the second left circular hole (19), the second right circular hole (20), the first left circular hole (17).
A kind of 6. intelligent experimental rig for being used to measure soil body tensile strength according to claim 5, which is characterized in that institute
Guide rod is stated as column iron, quantity is two, and one of guide rod passes through the first left circular hole (17) and the second left circular hole
(19), another guide rod passes through the first right circular hole (18) and the second right circular hole (20).
A kind of 7. intelligent experimental rig for being used to measure soil body tensile strength according to claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
State the quantity at least two of back springing type displacement sensor (7).
A kind of 8. intelligent experimental rig for being used to measure soil body tensile strength according to claim 7, which is characterized in that institute
Stating flexible jointing-rod (15) can arbitrarily be bent, and shape after bending is fixed.
9. according to a kind of operation for the intelligent experimental rig for being used to measure soil body tensile strength of claim 1-8 any one of them
Method, which is characterized in that comprise the following specific steps that:
Step 1, intelligent experimental rig is assembled:Drag hook (2) and connector (11) are subjected to embedded connection, bolt (12) is inserted into, makes
Waveform mold (13) is bonded respectively with the first bottom plate (4), pedestal (8);Start motor (9), the first bottom plate of adjustment (4)
Stop motor (9) after position, the first bottom plate (4) and pedestal (8) contact;
Step 2, sample is loaded:According to moisture content and the control condition of compactness, the soil of certain mass is weighed, is put into assembled
In waveform mold (13), uniformly pave;Or sample is prepared using special cutting ring, sample is put into assembled waveform mould
Have in (13);
Step 3, tensile sample:It operates computer (16) and starts motor (9), start to apply pulling force to sample, until sample fracture;
After sample fracture, stop experiment, extract bolt (12), remove waveform mold (13), take out the sample being wherein broken;
Step 4, test data is obtained:Computer (16) receives and the measurement data of storage measuring unit, is included in experiment process
The pulling force that middle sample is subject to, the displacement of generation and the image of whole process;Measured data are handled by computer (16), are obtained
To complete load-deformation curve and mix the sample picture at corresponding moment.
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CN101655432A (en) * | 2009-07-27 | 2010-02-24 | 清华大学 | uniaxial tension and soil beam bending tester |
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