CN1082510C - 异构醇磷酸酯盐合成方法 - Google Patents
异构醇磷酸酯盐合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- phosphate ester
- isomery alcohol
- ester salt
- phosphorylation
- isomerol
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- -1 phosphate ester salt Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000006366 phosphorylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000026731 phosphorylation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000865 phosphorylative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940005657 pyrophosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052816 inorganic phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
一种异构醇磷酸酯盐合成方法,属有机化合物技术领域。以异构醇为原料,在磷酸化试剂作用下进行磷酸化合成反应,再水解中和制得异构醇磷酸酯盐。异构醇中的碳原子数可为13-30个;磷酸化试剂可为五氧化二磷、焦磷酸等,磷酸化试剂与异构醇的摩尔比可为1∶2.1-3.5。本发明具有工艺简单,反应条件温和,产品色泽好,抗静电性及渗透性优异等特点。
Description
本发明涉及一种异构醇磷酸酯盐合成方法,属有机化合物中磷酸酯盐的制备技术领域。
磷酸酯盐是一类重要的表面活性剂,以其优良的抗静电性、乳化分散性、润滑、净洗和耐酸、耐碱等特性,已广泛应用于化纤纺织、皮革塑料、造纸、化妆品等工业领域,现有对磷酸酯盐的制备一般以直链烷基的醇为原料,在磷酸化试剂作用下,经磷酸化反应及水解中和合成,由于分子结构上的差异,影响了磷酸酯盐的使用性能和产品质量。
本发明的目的是提供一种以异构醇为原料,能有效提高得率及产品性能的异构醇磷酸酯盐的合成方法。
本发明为异构醇磷酸酯盐合成方法,以异构醇为原料,在磷酸化试剂作用下,将异构醇进行磷酸化合成反应,再经水解中和制得异构醇磷酸酯盐。
异构醇的熔点和粘度较低,氧化稳定性好,具有良好的稳定性和易挥发性,本发明所述的异构醇中的碳原子数可为13~30个;所述的磷酸化试剂可以为五氧化二磷或焦磷酸、三氯氧磷、聚磷酸等;所述的磷酸化试剂与异构醇的摩尔比可为1∶2.1~3.5;所述合成反应中的反应温度可为45~85℃;所述合成反应中的反应时间可为2~6小时。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下优点和积极效果:
1.本发明由于采用异构醇为原料,使磷酸化合成反应工艺简单,得率高,反应条件温和,产品色泽好,性能稳定,能有效提高分子结构的支链化程度,还可使设备投资及能耗更为节省。
2.由本发明合成的产品流动性好,粘度低,原料凝固点低,与现有技术中的直链烷基磷酸酯盐相比,能显著提高其抗静电性、渗透性及湿润力,可作为纺织油剂、合成纤维抗静电剂、柔软剂、混凝土高效减水剂及农药乳化剂,应用广泛。
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步描述。
上述分子式中R为8-20个碳原子的直链烷基
R’为1-10个碳原子的直链烷基
利用异构醇的羟基,可与磷酸化试剂五氧化二磷主要发生如式(1)所示的酯化反应:
H3PO4 (无机磷酸)在少量水及一定条件作用下,聚磷酸酯可转化如式(2)所示的单酯:在苛性碱的作用下,上述式(1)和式(2)中的单酯和双酯分别进行如式(3)和式(4)的中和反应得到异构醇磷酸酯盐最终产品:式(3)和(4)中,M为K、Na等碱金属。
实施例1:在反应釜中投入300份(单位摩尔)异构十八醇,在70℃的温度下,慢慢投入五氧化二磷100份(单位摩尔),反应4小时,在70~80℃的温度下,用30%的NaOH溶液中和,得到异构醇磷酸酯钠盐,为白色粘稠体。
实施例2:在反应釜中投入250份(单位摩尔)异构十三醇,在50℃的温度下,慢慢投入五氧化二磷100份(单位摩尔),然后在55℃下反应4小时,在50~70℃的温度下,用30%的KOH溶液中和,得到异构醇磷酸酯钾盐,为微黄色粘稠体。本发明所述的异构醇磷酸酯盐产品,其主要技术指标为:单酯50~60%;双酯:40~50%;总磷:4.4%,酸值5~12mgkoh/g;1%乳液24小时不分层。
Claims (7)
1.一种异构醇磷酸酯盐合成方法,其特征在于以异构醇为原料,在磷酸化试剂作用下,将异构醇进行磷酸化合成反应,再经水解中和制得异构醇磷酸酯盐。
2.按权利要求1所述的异构醇磷酸酯盐合成方法,其特征在于所述的异构醇中的碳原子数可为13~30个。
3.按权利要求1所述的异构醇磷酸酯盐合成方法,其特征在于所述磷酸化试剂可以为五氧化二磷或焦磷酸,三氯氧磷,聚磷酸。
4.按权利要求1或2,3所述的异构醇磷酸酯盐合成方法,其特征在于所述的磷酸化试剂与异构醇的摩尔比为1∶2.1~3.5。
5.按权利要求1或2,3所述的异构醇磷酸酯盐合成方法,其特征在于所述合成反应中的反应温度可为45~85℃。
6.按权利要求1或2,3所述的异构醇磷酸酯盐合成方法,其特征在于所述合成反应中的反应时间可为2~6小时。
7.按权利要求4所述的异构醇磷酸酯盐合成方法,其特征在于所述合成反应中的反应温度可为45~85℃,反应时间可为2~6小时。
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CN101831514A (zh) * | 2010-05-15 | 2010-09-15 | 甘肃宏良皮业股份有限公司 | 一种磷酸酯皮革加脂剂的制备方法 |
CN103374029A (zh) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-10-30 | 宁波市联凯化学有限公司 | 一种脂肪醇磷酸聚氧乙烯酯钾盐的制备方法 |
CN107827759B (zh) * | 2016-06-29 | 2020-07-31 | 山东转化科技有限公司 | 烷基胺醚衍生表面活性剂及其制备方法 |
CN114907902A (zh) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-08-16 | 联泓(江苏)新材料研究院有限公司 | 一种高磷酸二酯含量的聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯组合物及其制备方法和应用 |
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CN1030245A (zh) * | 1987-06-01 | 1989-01-11 | 阿姆奇姆产品公司 | 成型金属表面润滑和表面调理剂 |
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CN1030245A (zh) * | 1987-06-01 | 1989-01-11 | 阿姆奇姆产品公司 | 成型金属表面润滑和表面调理剂 |
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