CN108248145A - A kind of natural ramie fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board of formaldehydeless and acetaldehyde release and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of natural ramie fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board of formaldehydeless and acetaldehyde release and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108248145A
CN108248145A CN201810012650.6A CN201810012650A CN108248145A CN 108248145 A CN108248145 A CN 108248145A CN 201810012650 A CN201810012650 A CN 201810012650A CN 108248145 A CN108248145 A CN 108248145A
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fiber
composite board
polymer matrix
natural
enhancing polymer
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CN108248145B (en
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刘雪强
李志刚
潘国立
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CHANGCHUN BOCHAO AUTO ACCESSORIES Co Ltd
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CHANGCHUN BOCHAO AUTO ACCESSORIES Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/08—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0036—Heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/08—Impregnating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/16—Drying; Softening; Cleaning
    • B32B38/164—Drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/028—Net structure, e.g. spaced apart filaments bonded at the crossing points
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/047—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material made of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B2260/023—Two or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Natural ramie fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board the invention discloses the release of a kind of formaldehydeless and acetaldehyde and preparation method thereof, belongs to automotive material and manufactures and designs field.The natural ramie fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board of formaldehydeless and acetaldehyde release first heats natural fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board prepared by conventional method, sprays adsorbent, air draft ventilation process；Then negative-pressure adsorption is carried out, excludes and adsorb the formaldehyde of release, acetaldehyde；Then a kind of formaldehydeless, acetaldehyde natural fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board is obtained.Natural fiber produced by the present invention enhancing composite board has good environmental protection, formaldehydeless, acetaldehyde release, light weight, widely used.The fields such as automobile, rail vehicle, aerospace, building, decoration, packaging are can be widely applied to, are had a good application prospect.

Description

A kind of natural ramie fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board of formaldehydeless and acetaldehyde release And preparation method thereof
Technical field
Belong to fibre reinforced composites preparation field.
Background technology
With the development of the society, the demands such as environmental protection, energy-saving material-saving are continuously improved in people, to automobile and automotive upholstery material The requirement of material is also higher and higher, Market competition.Lightweight is the trend of development of automobile, therefore lightweighting materials are on automobile Application also will be more and more common.Flaxen fiber has good performance, and environmentally protective as organic material.
And VOC problems are automotive interior materials to solve the problems, such as, traditional processing method be difficult remove completely it is compound Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde in material, the composite material produced are still more difficult to meet stringent automotive upholstery national legislation VOC release requests.Therefore, the formaldehyde in low cost removal flaxen fiber enhancing composite board, acetaldehyde, are urgently solved in industry development Problem certainly.
Invention content
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the natural ramie fiber the invention discloses the release of a kind of formaldehydeless and acetaldehyde enhances polymerization Object base composite board, which is mutually mixed by natural ramie fiber and polymer fiber, fiber interweaving and is consolidated by polymer fiber Change；Gap is filled with absorbent particles 2 between the fibre bundle 1 of the natural ramie fiber, and the natural ramie fiber is the Chinese The mixture that 1~4 kind of flaxen fiber, tossa, flax fiber, ramee or more；Polymer fiber can be PP, PE, PC, PA6, PA66 or PLA.The adsorbent is silane coupler modified nano clay.
The preparation method of the natural ramie fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board of formaldehydeless and acetaldehyde release, specific steps are such as Under：
1) by natural ramie fiber 30wt%~70wt%, the ratio of polymer 70wt%~30wt% weighs raw material；
2) natural ramie fiber is washed after removing impurity and drying, it is fine to natural fiber crops using quick deep cooling degumming process method Dimension carries out degumming process；
3) flaxen fiber after degumming process in surface conditioning agent is impregnated into 30min~4h, through repeatedly washing after taking-up, put Dry 6~12h in 80~100 DEG C of baking ovens, obtains surface and is modified flaxen fiber；
4) dry polymer fiber is obtained into composite fibre list with modified flaxen fiber shredding with being uniformly mixed by combing The thin net of layer, 6~10 layers of staggered form laying, needle felting material；
5) it by felt material full of impression, felt material is heated to transfer them to releasing agent after softening with vulcanizing press uniformly applies The metal of lower surface is spread in mould, when molding, is first quickly molded with the speed of 10m/min, when matched molds are at a distance of 8~10cm, It is changed to the speed molding with 3m/min；10~20min is kept after molding at a temperature of 50~80MPa pressure and 175~195 DEG C； Natural fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board is obtained after demoulding；
6) natural fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board is heated, heating temperature is 150~300 DEG C, place Manage 5~30 minutes time；
7) treat that backward its of felt material cooling sprays adsorbent solution, until solution complete wetting felt material；
8) fan-drying processing is carried out to felt material；
9) by way of vacuumizing to felt material carry out negative-pressure adsorption, vacuum degree be 1~10kPa, pressurize 5~30 minutes, Remove releasable formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in natural fiber.
Adsorbent suspension configuration method is as follows：By the nanoclay of the 0.5-2wt% of the flaxen fiber gross mass, The dispersant of 0.25-1wt%, the silane coupling agent of 1-2wt% are added to the water, formed the nanoclay of a concentration of 10-30wt%- Coupling agent suspension；The nanoclay-coupling agent suspension is stirred into 0.5-2h under 1000-1350rpm rotating speeds；By described in Nanoclay-coupling agent suspension stirs 1.5-3h under 1700-2000rpm rotating speeds, forms the coupling agent mixing of nanoclay Liquid.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
There is composite board prepared by the present invention good environmental protection, light weight, formaldehydeless acetaldehyde to discharge, is widely used.It can It is widely used in the fields such as automobile, hull, aircraft, building, furniture, decoration, packaging, cell package, high-pressure bottle, has good Good application prospect.The technique is a kind of low cost, environment-friendly type composite board except formaldehyde acetaldehyde treatment process.
Description of the drawings
The formaldehydeless natural ramie fiber enhancing polymer matrix plywood sheet structure schematic diagrames with acetaldehyde release of Fig. 1；
The fibre bundle of 1- flaxen fibers in Fig. 1,2- absorbent particles, 3- natural fibers enhancing polymer matrix composite felt material.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
1) by tossa 30wt%~70wt%, the ratio of polymer 70wt%~30wt% weighs raw material；
2) natural ramie fiber is washed after removing impurity and drying, using quick deep cooling degumming process method to tossa Carry out degumming process；
3) flaxen fiber after degumming process in surface conditioning agent is impregnated into 30min~4h, through repeatedly washing after taking-up, put Dry 6~12h in 80~100 DEG C of baking ovens, obtains surface and is modified flaxen fiber；
4) dry polymer fiber is obtained into composite fibre list with modified flaxen fiber shredding with being uniformly mixed by combing The thin net of layer, 6~10 layers of staggered form laying, needle felting material；
5) it by felt material full of impression, felt material is heated to transfer them to releasing agent after softening with vulcanizing press uniformly applies The metal of lower surface is spread in mould, when molding, is first quickly molded with the speed of 10m/min, when matched molds are at a distance of 8~10cm, It is changed to the speed molding with 3m/min；10~20min is kept after molding at a temperature of 50~80MPa pressure and 175~195 DEG C； Natural fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board is obtained after demoulding；
6) natural fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board is heated, heating temperature is 170 DEG C, processing time 10 minutes；
7) treat that backward its of felt material cooling sprays adsorbent solution, until solution complete wetting felt material；
8) fan-drying processing is carried out to felt material；
9) negative-pressure adsorption is carried out to felt material by way of vacuumizing, vacuum degree 5kPa, pressurize 20 minutes, removal is naturally Releasable formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in fiber.
It is tested using pocket type method VOC test methods, it is 0.05mg/kg that the burst size of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, which is formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde is 0.07mg/kg.Comply with the national standard requirements.
Embodiment 2
1) by china-hemp fibers 30wt%~70wt%, the ratio of polymer 70wt%~30wt% weighs raw material；
2) natural ramie fiber is washed after removing impurity and drying, using quick deep cooling degumming process method to china-hemp fibers Carry out degumming process；
3) flaxen fiber after degumming process in surface conditioning agent is impregnated into 30min~4h, through repeatedly washing after taking-up, put Dry 6~12h in 80~100 DEG C of baking ovens, obtains surface and is modified flaxen fiber；
4) dry polymer fiber is obtained into composite fibre list with modified flaxen fiber shredding with being uniformly mixed by combing The thin net of layer, 6~10 layers of staggered form laying, needle felting material；
5) it by felt material full of impression, felt material is heated to transfer them to releasing agent after softening with vulcanizing press uniformly applies The metal of lower surface is spread in mould, when molding, is first quickly molded with the speed of 10m/min, when matched molds are at a distance of 8~10cm, It is changed to the speed molding with 3m/min；10~20min is kept after molding at a temperature of 50~80MPa pressure and 175~195 DEG C； Natural fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board is obtained after demoulding；
6) natural fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board is heated, heating temperature is 220 DEG C, processing time 15 minutes；
7) treat that backward its of felt material cooling sprays adsorbent solution, until solution complete wetting felt material；
8) fan-drying processing is carried out to felt material；
9) negative-pressure adsorption, vacuum degree 10kPa are carried out to felt material by way of vacuumizing, pressurize 10 minutes removes day Releasable formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in right fiber.
It is tested using pocket type method VOC test methods, it is 0.08mg/kg that the burst size of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, which is formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde is 0.05mg/kg.Comply with the national standard requirements.
Embodiment 3
1) by flax fiber 30wt%~70wt%, the ratio of polymer 70wt%~30wt% weighs raw material；
2) natural ramie fiber is washed after removing impurity and drying, using quick deep cooling degumming process method to flax fiber Carry out degumming process；
3) flaxen fiber after degumming process in surface conditioning agent is impregnated into 30min~4h, through repeatedly washing after taking-up, put Dry 6~12h in 80~100 DEG C of baking ovens, obtains surface and is modified flaxen fiber；
4) dry polymer fiber is obtained into composite fibre list with modified flaxen fiber shredding with being uniformly mixed by combing The thin net of layer, 6~10 layers of staggered form laying, needle felting material；
5) it by felt material full of impression, felt material is heated to transfer them to releasing agent after softening with vulcanizing press uniformly applies The metal of lower surface is spread in mould, when molding, is first quickly molded with the speed of 10m/min, when matched molds are at a distance of 8~10cm, It is changed to the speed molding with 3m/min；10~20min is kept after molding at a temperature of 50~80MPa pressure and 175~195 DEG C； Natural fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board is obtained after demoulding；
6) natural fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board is heated, heating temperature is 190 DEG C, processing time 20 minutes；
7) treat that backward its of felt material cooling sprays adsorbent solution, until solution complete wetting felt material；
8) fan-drying processing is carried out to felt material；
9) negative-pressure adsorption is carried out to felt material by way of vacuumizing, vacuum degree 8kPa, pressurize 30 minutes, removal is naturally Releasable formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in fiber.
It is tested using pocket type method VOC test methods, it is 0.05mg/kg that the burst size of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, which is formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde is 0.08mg/kg.Comply with the national standard requirements.
In the following manner can be used in the configuration method of adsorbent suspension：
1st, the 0.5wt% nano imvites of composite fibre gross mass are taken, 0.25wt% polyvinylpyrrolidones are as dispersion Agent, 1wt% silane coupling agents are added to the water, and concentration 20wt% suspension is made, and are first stirred under 1350rpm with mechanical agitator 1h then stirs 2h in 1700rpm, prepares homodisperse nanoclay suspension.
2nd, take the 1wt% nano imvites of composite fibre gross mass, 0.25wt% polyvinylpyrrolidones as dispersant, 1.5wt% silane coupling agents are added to the water, and the suspension of concentration 20wt% is made, and are first stirred under 1350rpm with mechanical agitator 1h is mixed, then 2h is stirred in 1700rpm, prepares homodisperse nanoclay suspension.
3rd, take the 2wt% nano imvites of composite fibre gross mass, 1wt% polyvinylpyrrolidones as dispersant, 2wt% silane coupling agents are added to the water, and the suspension of concentration 20wt% is made, and are first stirred under 1350rpm with mechanical agitator 1h then stirs 2h in 1700rpm, prepares homodisperse nanoclay suspension.
The structure of the natural ramie fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board of formaldehydeless and acetaldehyde release in above-described embodiment As shown in Figure 1, the plank is mutually mixed by natural ramie fiber and polymer fiber, fiber interweaving and by polymer fiber curing and Into；Gap is filled with absorbent particles 2 between the fibre bundle 1 of the natural ramie fiber.

Claims (9)

1. the natural ramie fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board of a kind of formaldehydeless and acetaldehyde release, which is characterized in that the plank It is mutually mixed, fiber interweaving and cured by polymer fiber by natural ramie fiber and polymer fiber；The natural fiber crops Between the fibre bundle (1) of fiber gap be filled with absorbent particles (2), the natural ramie fiber for china-hemp fibers, tossa, The mixture that 2~4 kinds of flax fiber, ramee or more；Polymer fiber is PP, PE, PC, PA6, PA66 or PLA；It is described Adsorbent is silane coupler modified nano clay.
2. a kind of natural ramie fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board of formaldehydeless and acetaldehyde release as described in claim 1 Preparation method is as follows：
1) by natural ramie fiber 30wt%~70wt%, the ratio of polymer 70wt%~30wt% weighs raw material；
2) by natural ramie fiber wash remove impurity and drying after, using quick deep cooling degumming process method to natural ramie fiber into Row degumming process；
3) flaxen fiber after degumming process in surface conditioning agent is impregnated into 30min~4h, through repeatedly washing after taking-up, is placed in 80 Dry 6~12h in~100 DEG C of baking ovens, obtains surface and is modified flaxen fiber；
4) dry polymer fiber is obtained into composite fibre single thin layer with modified flaxen fiber shredding with being uniformly mixed by combing Net, 6~10 layers of staggered form laying, needle felting material；
5) by felt material full of impression, felt material is heated to transfer them to releasing agent after softening uniformly to apply with vulcanizing press and is spread To in mould, when molding, is first quickly molded the metal of lower surface with the speed of 10m/min, when matched molds are at a distance of 8~10cm, is changed to It is molded with the speed of 3m/min；10~20min is kept after molding at a temperature of 50~80MPa pressure and 175~195 DEG C；Demoulding After obtain natural fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board；
6) natural fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board is heated, heating temperature is 150~300 DEG C, during processing Between 5~30 minutes；
7) treat that backward its of felt material cooling sprays adsorbent solution, until solution complete wetting felt material；
8) fan-drying processing is carried out to felt material；
9) negative-pressure adsorption is carried out to felt material by way of vacuumizing, vacuum degree is 1~10kPa, and pressurize 5~30 minutes removes Releasable formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in natural fiber.
3. the system of the natural ramie fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board of according to claim 2 formaldehydeless and acetaldehyde release Preparation Method, which is characterized in that the adsorbent suspension is configured in accordance with the following steps：By the 0.5- of the flaxen fiber gross mass The nanoclay of 2wt%, the dispersant of 0.25-1wt%, 1-2wt% silane coupling agent be added to the water, form a concentration of 10- The nanoclay of 30wt%-coupling agent suspension；By the nanoclay-coupling agent suspension under 1000-1350rpm rotating speeds Stir 0.5-2h；The nanoclay-coupling agent suspension under 1700-2000rpm rotating speeds is stirred into 1.5-3h, forms nanometer The coupling agent mixed liquor of clay.
4. the system of the natural ramie fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board of according to claim 3 formaldehydeless and acetaldehyde release Preparation Method, which is characterized in that take the 0.5wt% nano imvites of composite fibre gross mass, 0.25wt% polyvinylpyrrolidones As dispersant, 1wt% silane coupling agents are added to the water, and concentration 20wt% suspension is made, is first existed with mechanical agitator 1h is stirred under 1350rpm, then 2h is stirred in 1700rpm, prepares homodisperse nanoclay suspension.
5. the system of the natural ramie fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board of according to claim 3 formaldehydeless and acetaldehyde release Preparation Method, takes the 1wt% nano imvites of composite fibre gross mass, 0.25wt% polyvinylpyrrolidones as dispersant, 1.5wt% silane coupling agents are added to the water, and the suspension of concentration 20wt% is made, and are first stirred under 1350rpm with mechanical agitator 1h is mixed, then 2h is stirred in 1700rpm, prepares homodisperse nanoclay suspension.
6. the system of the natural ramie fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board of according to claim 3 formaldehydeless and acetaldehyde release Preparation Method, which is characterized in that take the 2wt% nano imvites of composite fibre gross mass, 1wt% polyvinylpyrrolidones, which are used as, to be divided Powder, 2wt% silane coupling agents are added to the water, and the suspension of concentration 20wt% is made, first with mechanical agitator under 1350rpm 1h is stirred, then 2h is stirred in 1700rpm, prepares homodisperse nanoclay suspension.
7. the natural ramie fiber enhancing polymer of the formaldehydeless and acetaldehyde release according to any one in claim 2~6 The preparation method of base composite board, which is characterized in that
Step 6) heats tossa enhancing polymer matrix composite board, and heating temperature is 170 DEG C, processing time 10 minutes；And step 9) carries out negative-pressure adsorption, vacuum degree 5kPa, pressurize 20 minutes by way of vacuumizing to felt material.
8. the natural ramie fiber enhancing polymer of the formaldehydeless and acetaldehyde release according to any one in claim 2~6 The preparation method of base composite board, which is characterized in that
Step 6) heats china-hemp fibers enhancing polymer matrix composite board, and heating temperature is 220 DEG C, processing time 15 minutes；And step 9) carries out negative-pressure adsorption, vacuum degree 10kPa, pressurize 10 minutes by way of vacuumizing to felt material.
9. the natural ramie fiber enhancing polymer of the formaldehydeless and acetaldehyde release according to any one in claim 2~6 The preparation method of base composite board, which is characterized in that
Step 6) heats flax fiber enhancing polymer matrix composite board, and heating temperature is 190 DEG C, processing time 20 minutes；And step 9) carries out negative-pressure adsorption, vacuum degree 8kPa, pressurize 30 minutes by way of vacuumizing to felt material.
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