CN108233482B - Interphone charger for detecting battery capacity and balancing charging of battery pack - Google Patents
Interphone charger for detecting battery capacity and balancing charging of battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN108233482B CN108233482B CN201810125171.5A CN201810125171A CN108233482B CN 108233482 B CN108233482 B CN 108233482B CN 201810125171 A CN201810125171 A CN 201810125171A CN 108233482 B CN108233482 B CN 108233482B
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- MKGHDZIEKZPBCZ-ULQPCXBYSA-N methyl (2s,3s,4r,5r,6r)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-methoxyoxane-2-carboxylate Chemical compound CO[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]1C(=O)OC MKGHDZIEKZPBCZ-ULQPCXBYSA-N 0.000 claims 8
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010281 constant-current constant-voltage charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
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- H02J7/0021—
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- H02J7/008—
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- H02J7/0091—
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an interphone charger for detecting battery capacity and balancing charging of a battery pack, which comprises an MCU with a pin AD1, a pin AD2, a pin AD3, a pin AD4, a pin VC1, a pin VC2 and a pin PWM; the MCU detects the voltage of the battery pack through the pin AD2, the resistor R14 and the resistor R15; the MCU detects the voltage of a single cell in the battery pack through an AD2 resistor R14 and a resistor R15 and a pin AD1, a resistor R12 and a resistor R13 respectively; MCU controls the pulse width of pin PWM and triode Q2, triode Q1 charge the battery; the resistor R1 and the operational amplifier U1B form a check and amplification circuit, and the check and amplification circuit is sent to the pin AD4 to detect charging current. The interphone charger can simply detect the battery capacity, charge the battery pack uniformly and charge the interphone charger rapidly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an interphone charger for detecting battery capacity and balancing charging of a battery pack.
Background
The lithium battery of the interphone with the emission power more than 2W is generally a battery pack formed by connecting 2 single lithium batteries in series, and after a period of use, parameters such as internal resistance, voltage, capacity and the like of the battery fluctuate to form an inconsistent state, and the difference is generated. This difference is manifested by a difference in voltage between the cells in the series when the stack is full or full. Under the condition, in the process of charging the battery pack, the battery core with the over-high voltage triggers the overcharge protection of the battery pack in advance, and the battery core with the over-low voltage leads to the overdischarge protection of the battery pack in the discharging process, so that the overall capacity of the battery pack is obviously reduced, the capacity of the whole battery pack is the capacity of the battery core with the worst performance in the battery pack, so that the power supply time is shortened, and the overcharge and overdischarge phenomena are easy to occur during the use, and the battery pack is difficult to find out and is invalid in advance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an intercom charger for detecting the battery capacity and equalizing the charge of the battery pack, so as to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an intercom charger for detecting battery capacity and equalizing charge of a battery pack, the intercom charger is connected with the battery pack formed by connecting a first battery BT1 and a second battery BT2 in series, a first charging input end is arranged at the positive end of the first battery BT1, a connection end is arranged between the first battery BT1 and the second battery BT2, a second charging input end is arranged at the negative end of the second battery BT2, and a thermistor end is also arranged in the battery pack; the interphone charger comprises an MCU with a pin AD1, a pin AD2, a pin AD3, a pin AD4, a pin VC1, a pin VC2 and a pin PWM; the pin AD1 is respectively connected with a resistor R12 and a resistor R13, the resistor R13 is grounded, and the resistor R12 is connected with the connecting end of the battery pack; the pin AD2 is respectively connected with a resistor R14 and a resistor R15, the resistor R14 is connected with a first charging input end, the resistor R15 is connected with a second charging input end, and the resistor R15 is grounded; pin AD2 is conducted and used for detecting the voltage of the battery pack; the pin AD1 and the pin AD2 are conducted and used for detecting the voltage of the single battery in the battery pack.
The pin PWM is connected with a resistor R7, a resistor R6, a resistor R5, a base electrode of a triode Q2, a triode Q1, a resistor R1 and a 9V power supply in sequence and used for charging the battery pack. The resistor R7 and the resistor R6 are connected with the capacitor C2 and the capacitor C2 is grounded, the resistor R6 and the resistor R5 are connected with the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C1 is grounded, the resistor R5 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q2, the emitter electrode of the triode Q2 is grounded, the collector electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q1, the emitter electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with the resistor R1, the resistor R1 is connected with a 9V power supply, and the collector electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with the first charging input end 1.
The resistor R1 is sequentially connected with the operational amplifier U1B and the pin AD4 and is used for detecting the charging current of the battery pack. The input end of the resistor R1 is sequentially connected with the resistor R2 and the resistor R18, the resistor R18 is grounded, and an outgoing line between the resistor R2 and the resistor R18 is connected with the homodromous input end of the operational amplifier U1B; the resistor R1 is connected with the resistor R3, the resistor R3 is connected with the resistor R4, and the resistor R4 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U1B; the resistor R3 is connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U1B, and the output end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected to the pin AD4.
The pin VC1 is sequentially connected with the resistor R8, the triode Q3, the field effect transistor Q4, the resistor R10 and the first charging input end and is used for reducing the charging current of the first battery BT 1. The resistor R8 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q3, the emitter electrode of the triode Q3 is grounded, the collector electrode of the triode Q3 is connected with the resistor R9 and the field effect tube Q4, the resistor R9 is connected with the first charging input end 1 end, the field effect tube Q4 is connected with the resistor R10 and the connecting end 2, and the resistor R10 is connected with the first charging input end 1 end. The pin VC2 is sequentially connected with the field effect transistor Q5, the resistor R11 and the connecting end, and is used for reducing the charging current of the second battery BT 2.
The second charging input end is connected with a thermistor NTC and a thermistor end in sequence, and the thermistor end is connected with a pin AD3, a resistor R17 and a resistor R16 respectively and used for detecting the temperature in the battery pack. Wherein, the resistor R17 is grounded, and the resistor R16 is connected to the power VCC.
As a further explanation of the interphone charger according to the present invention, it is preferable that the pins AD1 and AD2 are turned on, and when the MCU detects that the voltage of one battery of the first battery BT1 and the second battery BT2 reaches 4.15V and is higher than the voltage of the other battery by 50mV or more, the battery equalization is started.
As a further explanation of the interphone charger according to the present invention, preferably, when the voltage difference between the first battery BT1 and the second battery BT2 is less than 20mV, the MCU control pin VC1 turns off the fet Q4 to stop the battery equalization and resume the normal charging.
As a further illustration of the intercom charger of the present invention, it is preferable that pin AD2 is on and when the MCU detects that the battery pack voltage is below 6.2V, the intercom charger pre-charges the battery pack with a 50mA current.
As a further explanation of the intercom charger according to the present invention, preferably, pin AD2 is turned on, and when the MCU detects that the voltage of the battery pack is in the range of 6.2V-8.3V, the intercom charger uses 800mA current to perform high-current constant-current charging on the battery pack.
As a further explanation of the intercom charger according to the present invention, preferably, the pin AD2 is turned on, and when the MCU detects that the voltage of the battery pack is higher than 8.4V, the intercom charger is charged with a constant voltage, and the charging voltage is 8.4V.
As a further illustration of the interphone charger according to the present invention, it is preferable that pin AD2 is turned on, and the interphone charger will recharge the battery pack when the MCU detects that the voltage of the battery pack is reduced to 7.8V.
As a further explanation of the interphone charger according to the present invention, it is preferable that the pin AD3 is turned on, the MCU detects the temperature of the battery pack during the charging, stops the charging when the temperature of the battery pack is equal to or higher than 45 ℃, and recharges when the temperature is lower than 43 ℃.
The interphone charger can simply detect the battery capacity, charge the battery pack uniformly and rapidly, and avoid the problem of battery pack failure caused by overcharge and overdischarge.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of an interphone charger of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the structure, features, and other objects of the invention, reference should now be made in detail to the accompanying drawings of the preferred embodiments of the invention, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and are for purposes of illustrating the concepts of the invention and not for limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of an interphone charger according to the present invention; the interphone charger is connected with a battery pack formed by connecting a first battery BT1 and a second battery BT2 in series, a first charging input end 1 is arranged at the positive end of the first battery BT1, a connecting end 2 is arranged between the first battery BT1 and the second battery BT2, a second charging input end 3 is arranged at the negative end of the second battery BT2, and a thermistor end 4 is also arranged on the battery pack; the interphone charger comprises an MCU5 with a pin AD1, a pin AD2, a pin AD3, a pin AD4, a pin VC1, a pin VC2 and a pin PWM.
The pin AD1 is respectively connected with a resistor R12 and a resistor R13, the resistor R13 is grounded, and the resistor R12 is connected with the connecting end 2 of the battery pack; the pin AD2 is respectively connected with a resistor R14 and a resistor R15, the resistor R14 is connected with the first charging input end 1, the resistor R15 is connected with the second charging input end 3, and the resistor R15 is grounded; pin AD2 is conducted and used for detecting the voltage of the battery pack; the pin AD1 and the pin AD2 are conducted and used for detecting the voltage of the single battery in the battery pack.
The pin PWM is connected with a resistor R7, a resistor R6, a resistor R5, a base electrode of a triode Q2, a triode Q1, a resistor R1 and a 9V power supply in sequence and used for charging the battery pack; the resistor R7 and the resistor R6 are connected with the capacitor C2 and the capacitor C2 is grounded, the resistor R6 and the resistor R5 are connected with the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C1 is grounded, the resistor R5 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q2, the emitter electrode of the triode Q2 is grounded, the collector electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q1, the emitter electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with the resistor R1, the resistor R1 is connected with a 9V power supply, and the collector electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with the first charging input end 1.
The resistor R1 is sequentially connected with the operational amplifier U1B and the pin AD4 and is used for detecting the charging current of the battery pack; the input end of the resistor R1 is sequentially connected with the resistor R2 and the resistor R18, the resistor R18 is grounded, and an outgoing line between the resistor R2 and the resistor R18 is connected with the homodromous input end of the operational amplifier U1B; the resistor R1 is connected with the resistor R3, the resistor R3 is connected with the resistor R4, and the resistor R4 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U1B; the resistor R3 is connected to the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U1B, and the output end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected to the pin AD4.
The pin VC1 is sequentially connected with the resistor R8, the triode Q3, the field effect transistor Q4, the resistor R10 and the first charging input end 1 end and is used for reducing the charging current of the first battery BT 1; the resistor R8 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q3, the emitter electrode of the triode Q3 is grounded, the collector electrode of the triode Q3 is connected with the resistor R9 and the field effect tube Q4, the resistor R9 is connected with the first charging input end 1 end, the field effect tube Q4 is connected with the resistor R10 and the connecting end 2, and the resistor R10 is connected with the first charging input end 1 end. The pin VC2 is sequentially connected with the field effect transistor Q5, the resistor R11 and the connecting end 2, and the field effect transistor Q5 is grounded and used for reducing the charging current of the second battery BT 2.
The second charging input end 3 is connected with the thermistor NTC and the thermistor end 4 in sequence, the thermistor end 4 is connected with the pin AD3, the resistor R17 and the resistor R16 respectively and used for detecting the temperature in the battery pack, the resistor R17 is grounded, and the resistor R16 is connected with the power VCC.
Detecting battery capacity
When the interphone battery is inserted into the charging seat, the MCU detects the voltage of the battery pack through the pin AD2, the resistor R14 and the resistor R15, controls the pulse width of the pin PWM, the triode Q2 and the triode Q1 to charge the battery, the current sampling resistor R1 and the operational amplifier U1B form differential amplification and then send the differential amplification to the pin AD4 of the MCU to detect charging current, the MCU software integrates the charging current and time and then combines the change of the voltage and the internal resistance value of the battery to roughly judge whether the capacity of the battery is reduced, and when the capacity of the battery is less than 70%, the battery is aged and needs to be replaced.
Charge equalization
The MCU detects the voltage of each single battery through the pin AD2, the resistor R14, the resistor R15, the pin AD1, the resistor R12 and the resistor R13 respectively, and when the MCU5 detects that the voltage of one battery among the first battery BT1 and the second battery BT2 reaches 4.15V and is higher than the voltage of the other battery by more than 50mV, the battery equalization is started.
When the first cell BT1 cell voltage is greater than the second cell BT2 cell by more than 50 mV. MCU switches on field effect transistor Q4 through pin VC1, triode Q3 control, makes charging current shunt to resistance R10 and field effect transistor Q4, reduces the charging current to first battery BT1, stops the balanced switching off field effect transistor Q4 promptly when the voltage difference of first battery BT1 and second battery BT2 is less than 20mV, then normal charging. Similarly, when the second cell BT2 cell voltage is higher than the first cell BT1 cell by more than 50 mV. MCU switches on field effect transistor Q5 through pin VC2 control, makes charging current shunt to resistance R11 and field effect transistor Q5, reduces the charging current to second battery BT2, stops the balanced switching off field effect transistor Q5 promptly when the voltage difference of first battery BT1 and second battery BT2 is less than 20mV, then normal charging. The charge balance enables each single battery to be charged in full capacity, and the battery pack can supply power to the outside in an extended mode.
Quick charge
The MCU detects the voltage of the battery pack through a pin AD2, a resistor R14 and a resistor R15, controls the pulse width of a pin PWM, a triode Q2 and a triode Q1 to control the charging current and the voltage of the battery, and the current sampling resistor R1 and the operational amplifier U1B form differential amplification and then send the differential amplification to a pin AD4 of the MCU to detect the charging current.
The charging process is divided into three stages of constant-current pre-charging, high-current constant-current charging and constant-voltage charging. When the battery voltage is lower than 6.2V, the charger can precharge the battery pack by adopting 50mA current, when the battery voltage is between 6.2V and 8.3V, the battery pack is subjected to high-current constant-current charging by adopting 800mA current, and when the battery voltage is raised to 8.4V, constant-voltage charging is changed, and the charging voltage is kept to be 8.4V. At this time, the charging current gradually decreases, and when the current decreases to 50mA, the charging ends. Such as recharging when the battery voltage drops to 7.8V.
The temperature of the battery pack is detected during the charging process, the charging is stopped when the temperature rises to 45 ℃, and the battery pack is recharged when the temperature is lower than 43 ℃. The MCU detects the temperature inside the battery pack through the thermistor NTC, resistor R16, resistor R17 and pin AD3 inside the battery pack.
The MCU further comprises serial ports RXD and TXD which can be communicated with a battery management system, and the battery management system can set charging current and voltage of each charging stage, inquire the current electric quantity of the battery and the like.
It should be noted that the foregoing summary and the detailed description are intended to demonstrate practical applications of the technical solution provided by the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Various modifications, equivalent alterations, or improvements will occur to those skilled in the art, and are within the spirit and principles of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. An interphone charger for detecting battery capacity and balancing charging of a battery pack is characterized in that the interphone charger is connected with the battery pack formed by connecting a first battery BT1 and a second battery BT2 in series, a first charging input end (1) is arranged at the positive end of the first battery BT1, a connecting end (2) is arranged between the first battery BT1 and the second battery BT2, a second charging input end (3) is arranged at the negative end of the second battery BT2, and a thermistor end (4) is further arranged on the battery pack; wherein,
the interphone charger comprises an MCU (5) with a pin AD1, a pin AD2, a pin AD3, a pin AD4, a pin VC1, a pin VC2 and a pin PWM;
the pin AD1 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R12 and one end of a resistor R13, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with the connecting end (2) of the battery pack, and the other end of the resistor R13 is grounded; the pin AD2 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R14 and one end of a resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected with the first charging input end (1), the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with the second charging input end (3), and the other end of the resistor R15 is grounded; the pin AD2 is conducted and used for detecting the voltage of the battery pack, when the MCU (5) detects that the voltage of the battery pack is lower than 6.2V, the interphone charger pre-charges the battery pack by adopting 50mA current, when the MCU (5) detects that the voltage of the battery pack is in the range of 6.2V-8.3V, the interphone charger performs high-current constant-current charging on the battery pack by adopting 800mA current, and when the MCU (5) detects that the voltage of the battery pack is higher than 8.4V, the interphone charger performs constant-voltage charging, and the charging voltage is 8.4V; the pin AD1 and the pin AD2 are conducted and used for detecting the voltage of a single battery in the battery pack, and when the MCU (5) detects that the voltage of one battery in the first battery BT1 and the second battery BT2 reaches 4.15V and is higher than the voltage of the other battery by more than 50mV, the battery equalization is started;
the pin PWM is connected with one end of a resistor R7, the other end of the resistor R7 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R6 and one end of a capacitor C2, the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R6 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R5 and one end of a capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q2, an emitting electrode of the triode Q2 is grounded, a collector electrode of the triode Q2 is connected with a base electrode of the triode Q1, a collector electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with a first charging input end (1), an emitting set of the triode Q1 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R1 and one end of a resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected with a 9V power supply and one end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R18 and a positive input end of an operational amplifier U1B, and the other end of the resistor R18 is grounded for charging a battery pack;
the resistor R1 is connected with one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R4 and the reverse input end of the operational amplifier U1B, and the output end of the operational amplifier U1B and the other end of the resistor R4 are respectively connected with the pin AD4 for detecting the charging current of the battery pack;
the pin VC1 is connected with one end of a resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with a base electrode of a triode Q3, an emitter electrode of the triode Q3 is grounded, a collector electrode of the triode Q3 is respectively connected with a grid electrode of a field effect tube Q4 and one end of a resistor R9, a source electrode of the field effect tube Q4 is connected with one end of a resistor R10, and the other end of the resistor R9 and the other end of the resistor R10 are respectively connected with a first charging input end (1) for reducing charging current of a first battery BT 1;
the pin VC2 is connected with the grid electrode of the field effect tube Q5, the source electrode of the field effect tube Q5 is grounded, the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q5 is connected with one end of a resistor R11, and the other end of the resistor R11 is respectively connected with the connecting end (2) and the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q4 and is used for reducing the charging current of the second battery BT 2;
the second charging input end (3) is connected with one end of a thermistor NTC, the other end of the thermistor NTC is connected with one end of a thermistor end (4), the other end of the thermistor end (4) is respectively connected with a pin AD3, one end of a resistor R17 and one end of a resistor R16, the other end of the resistor R17 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R16 is connected with a power supply VCC for detecting the temperature in the battery pack.
2. The interphone charger according to claim 1, wherein when the voltage difference between the first battery BT1 and the second battery BT2 is smaller than 20mV, the MCU (5) controls the pin VC1 to turn off the fet Q4 to stop the battery equalization and resume the normal charge.
3. The interphone charger according to claim 1, characterized in that pin AD2 is turned on, which will recharge the battery pack when the MCU (5) detects that the voltage of the battery pack drops to 7.8V.
4. The interphone charger according to claim 1, characterized in that pin AD3 is turned on, the MCU (5) detects the temperature of the battery pack during charging, stops charging when the temperature of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 45 ℃, and recharges when the temperature is less than 43 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810125171.5A CN108233482B (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2018-02-08 | Interphone charger for detecting battery capacity and balancing charging of battery pack |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810125171.5A CN108233482B (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2018-02-08 | Interphone charger for detecting battery capacity and balancing charging of battery pack |
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| CN108233482A CN108233482A (en) | 2018-06-29 |
| CN108233482B true CN108233482B (en) | 2023-11-07 |
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| CN108282185B (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2023-05-26 | 福建省万华电子科技有限公司 | Control circuit for transmitting interphone information through charger base |
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| CN108233482A (en) | 2018-06-29 |
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