CN108227271B - Light modulation device containing guest-host liquid crystal composition - Google Patents

Light modulation device containing guest-host liquid crystal composition Download PDF

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CN108227271B
CN108227271B CN201611157761.3A CN201611157761A CN108227271B CN 108227271 B CN108227271 B CN 108227271B CN 201611157761 A CN201611157761 A CN 201611157761A CN 108227271 B CN108227271 B CN 108227271B
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liquid crystal
guest
crystal composition
dye
host liquid
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CN108227271A (en
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王莉
杨亚非
丁文全
韩文明
贺笛
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Jiangsu Hecheng Display Technology Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
    • C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
    • C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
    • C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/42—Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40
    • C09K19/44—Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40 containing compounds with benzene rings directly linked
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/42—Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40
    • C09K19/46—Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40 containing esters

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Abstract

The present invention provides a dimming device comprising a guest-host liquid crystal composition, the dimming device comprising: an upper substrate, a lower substrate, an upper alignment layer, a lower alignment layer, a guest-host liquid crystal composition sandwiched between the upper and lower alignment layers, wherein the guest-host liquid crystal composition comprises a dichroic dye and a mother liquid crystal. The guest-host liquid crystal composition is adopted for dimming, the use of a polaroid is abandoned, and an electrode is not needed, so that the problem of energy consumption is fundamentally solved. Meanwhile, because no polaroid is used and no electrode is needed, the cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Light modulation device containing guest-host liquid crystal composition
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a light modulating device, and more particularly, to a light modulating device comprising a guest-host liquid crystal composition.
Background
In the prior art, the dimming glass market is exploded, and the dimming glass is more and more in variety, and the wide application is in fields such as car glass, architectural decoration, outdoor curtain.
The dimming glass is electrochromic dimming glass, and the state of a functional material in a polyester film or an interlayer is controlled through safe low voltage, so that the aim of color changing and dimming is fulfilled. The color depth of the electrochromic dimming glass can be controlled by changing the current, so that the intensity of sunlight irradiating indoors can be adjusted. When voltage is applied to the electrochromic dimming glass, the electrochromic material in the electrochromic dimming glass is colored, and when the voltage is removed, the dimming glass returns to a mist shading state, namely, the dimming glass needs to be applied with voltage all the time when the dimming glass maintains the coloring state. In practical applications, it can be seen that the dimming glass has many advantages. For example, when the dimming glass is in an opaque state, the dimming glass can be used as a curtain, a solid curtain does not need to be installed, the dimming glass has ultraviolet-proof and sound-proof functions, can adjust the transmittance of the sun, can adjust the light locally, and has a prompting or displaying function and the like. However, it can be seen from practical applications that, although the light control glass has the above advantages, the light control glass always needs to be in a charged state, that is, needs to be charged to operate.
For example, the switching layer of the dimming device can be made of conventional nematic (nematic) liquid crystal, however, the nematic liquid crystal needs to use a polarizer as the switching layer, generally, the transmittance of a single-layer polarizer is about 50%, and the transmittance of an actual device needs to use two layers of polarizers, which is below 30%, so that the dimming device cannot meet the requirement of high transmittance. Moreover, continuous electricity consumption is needed, certain energy consumption is achieved, and the requirements of modern science and technology on energy conservation and environmental protection cannot be met.
For another example, an electro-dimmer device manufactured by a liquid crystal polymer dimming technology (PDLC) is currently on the market, in which nematic liquid crystal is mainly mixed with a molecular polymer, and the arrangement state of the nematic liquid crystal is controlled to generate different refractive indexes inside the device to exhibit macroscopic state transition between light transmission and light scattering. Specifically, this technique is: selecting proper amount of nematic liquid crystal and certain amount of molecular polymer, mixing, pouring the mixture into the gap between two layers of glass, coating transparent electrodes on the corresponding surfaces of two layers of glass, and irradiating with ultraviolet ray of certain wavelength and strength to change the molecular polymer into transparent molecular polymer. Since nematic liquid crystal molecules are uniformly mixed with molecular polymers, the nematic liquid crystal molecules are uniformly divided into small bubble-like spaces during the formation of the molecular polymers (i.e., the molecular polymers and the nematic liquid crystal molecules are changed from fusion to separation, the molecular polymers carry countless small liquid crystal bubbles as if they are networks, and the molecular polymers serve as carriers). In the case of no voltage application, since the alignment of nematic liquid crystal molecules is not strongly directional and is a relatively disordered state as a whole, the scattering phenomenon is very significant. Under the condition of applying a certain electric field, the nematic liquid crystal molecules have directional arrangement, and the difference of the refractive index of the nematic liquid crystal molecules and the large-area molecular polymer carrier is eliminated, so that the nematic liquid crystal display device presents a transparent state. Compared with the dimming glass manufactured by using the traditional nematic liquid crystal, the electroluminescent dimming glass applied with the liquid crystal polymer dimming technology has better transmittance, and is mainly applied to the fields of automobile dimming skylights and the like at present. However, this liquid crystal polymer dimming technique has only two states, transparent and opaque, which, like conventional nematic liquid crystals, requires a constant supply of power to maintain the transparent state.
The existing PDLC device has the problems of high driving voltage (generally more than 30V), haze, high energy consumption, poor safety and poor transparency, and the dimming device has the problems of complexity in manufacture and high volume production cost due to the complex structure of the PDLC device. Therefore, it is an urgent need to solve the problem of designing a light modulator which can change the light transmission state without adding an external power supply, has no haze and has a simple structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a light control device comprising a guest-host liquid crystal composition, which can switch between a change in shade and a bright/dark state without using an external power source, thereby achieving light control.
The invention provides a novel dimming mode. The guest-host liquid crystal composition is adopted for dimming, the use of a polaroid is abandoned, and electric drive is not needed, so that the problem of energy consumption is fundamentally solved. Meanwhile, because no polaroid is used, and no electrode layer is needed in the device, the cost is greatly reduced.
The present invention provides a dimming device, comprising: an upper substrate, a lower substrate, an upper alignment layer, a lower alignment layer, a guest-host liquid crystal composition sandwiched between the upper and lower alignment layers, wherein the guest-host liquid crystal composition comprises a dichroic dye and a mother liquid crystal.
The light modulation device comprising the guest-host liquid crystal composition does not comprise a polarizer and an electrode layer.
The upper substrate and the lower substrate are respectively a rigid transparent substrate or a flexible transparent substrate.
The dichroic dye is selected from one or more of blue dye, red dye, green dye, orange dye and purple dye.
The rigid substrate is a transparent glass substrate.
The flexible substrate is a transparent plastic substrate.
The upper substrate and/or the lower substrate do not include a transparent conductive layer.
The upper orientation layer and the lower orientation layer are both vertical orientation layers.
In some embodiments of the invention, the parent liquid crystal has a clearing point of 10-60 ℃.
In some embodiments of the invention, both the upper and lower alignment layers are homeotropic alignment layers.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the vertical alignment layers of the upper and lower substrates have pretilt angles ranging from 85 ° to 89 °.
In some embodiments of the invention, the parent liquid crystal comprises at least one neutral liquid crystal compound.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the neutral liquid crystal compound comprises:
at least one compound represented by the general formula I,
Figure BDA0001180927370000031
wherein,
R1and R2Each independently represents-H, -F, a halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogenated or non-halogenated alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms;
X1and X2Each independently selected from the group consisting of 1, 2-cyclopropyl, 1, 3-cyclobutyl, 1, 3-cyclopentyl, 1, 4-cyclohexyl1, 4-cyclohexenyl, piperidine-1, 4-diyl, 1, 4-bicyclo [2,2 ] idene]Octyl, 1, 4-phenyl, pyridine-2, 5-diyl, pyrimidine-2, 5-diyl, naphthalene-2, 6-diyl, trans-decahydronaphthalene-2, 6-diyl, tetrahydronaphthalene-2, 6-diyl and indan-2, 5-diyl; wherein one or two CH groups not directly bonded in the 1, 4-cyclohexyl group2May be replaced by O or S, one or more H in the 1, 4-phenyl group may be substituted by halogen;
Z1and Z2Each independently represents-CO-, -OC-, -OCO-, -COO-, -CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CH2CH2-、-CF2CF2-、-CF2CH2-、-CF＝CF-、-CH＝CH-、-C≡C-、-CH(CH3)CH2-、-CH2CH(CH3)-、-(CH2)3O-、-O(CH2)3-、-COS-、-SCO-、-CH＝CF-、-(CH2)4-、-C4F8-、-OCF2CF2O-、-CF2CF2CF2O-、-CH2CH2CF2O-、-CH2CF2OCH2-、-CH＝CHCF2O-、-CF2OCH＝CH-、-CF2OCF＝CH-、-CF2OCH＝CF-、-CF＝CFCF2O-、-CF2OCF＝CF-、-CH＝CHCH2CH2-、-C2H4OCH2-、-CH2CH＝CHCH2-、-OCH2CH2CH2-、-CF＝CF-CF＝CF-、-C≡C-CF＝CF-、-C≡C-CF＝CF-C≡C-、-CF＝CF-C≡C-CF＝CF-、-C≡C-CF2O-or a single bond, when a plurality of X's are present2And Z2In the case of (2), they may be the same or different;
p represents 0, 1,2 or 3.
In some embodiments of the invention, R1And R2Each independently represents-H, -F, a halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a halogenated or non-halogenated alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
In some embodiments of the invention, X is1And X2Each independently selected from the group consisting of 1, 2-cyclopropyl, 1, 3-cyclobutyl, 1, 3-cyclopentyl, 1, 4-cyclohexyl, 1, 4-cyclohexenyl, 1, 4-phenyl and indan-2, 5-diyl, wherein one or two CH groups in the 1, 4-cyclohexyl group are not directly attached2May be replaced by O or S, one or more H in the 1, 4-phenyl group may be substituted by halogen; preferably, X1And X2Each independently selected from the group consisting of 1, 2-cyclopropyl, 1, 3-cyclobutyl, 1, 3-cyclopentyl, 1, 4-cyclohexyl, 1, 4-cyclohexenyl, 1, 4-phenyl and indan-2, 5-diyl, wherein one or more H in the 1, 4-phenyl group may be substituted by fluorine or chlorine, particularly preferably, X1And X2Each independently selected from the group consisting of 1, 3-cyclopentyl, 1, 4-cyclohexyl, 1, 4-phenyl, wherein one or more H in the 1, 4-phenyl group may be substituted by fluorine or chlorine, provided that when H is substituted by fluorine or chlorine, the substitution positions are not adjacent.
In some embodiments of the invention, Z1And Z2Each independently represents-CO-, -OC-, -OCO-, -COO-, -CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CH2CH2-、-CH＝CH-、-C≡C-、-OCF2CF2O-and single bonds; preferably, Z1And Z2Each independently represents-CO-, -OCO-, -COO-, -CF2O-、-CH2O-、-CH2CH2-, -CH-, -C.ident.C-, or a single bond.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the compound represented by formula i is selected from one or more of the following compounds:
Figure BDA0001180927370000041
wherein,
R1and R2Each independently represents-H, -F, a halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a halogenated or non-halogenated alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
In some embodiments of the invention, the compound of formula i is present in an amount of 10 to 90% by weight of the total weight of the parent liquid crystal, preferably: 20 to 80%, more preferably: 30 to 75%, more preferably: 35 to 70%, more preferably: 40 to 70%, more preferably: 45 to 70 percent.
In some embodiments of the invention, the parent liquid crystal may further comprise a negative liquid crystal compound.
In some embodiments of the invention, the negative liquid crystal compound comprises:
at least one compound of the general formula II
Figure BDA0001180927370000051
Wherein,
R3and R4Each independently represents-H, -F, a halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogenated or non-halogenated alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms;
ring a and ring B are each independently selected from the group consisting of 1, 3-cyclopentyl, 1, 4-cyclohexyl, 1, 4-cyclohexenyl, 1, 4-phenyl, and indan-2, 5 diyl; wherein one or two CH groups not directly bonded in the 1, 4-cyclohexyl group2May be replaced by O, one or more H in the 1, 4-phenyl group may be substituted by halogen or CN;
Z3and Z4Each independently represents-CO-, -OC-, -OCO-, -COO-, -CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CH2CH2-、-CF2CF2-、-CF2CH2-, -CF-, -CH-, -C.ident.C-or a single bond, when a plurality of rings A and Z are present3In the case of (2), they may be the same or different;
Y1and Y2Each independently represents-H, -F, -CN or-Cl, when Y1And Y2When it is H, at least one of the ring A and the ring B represents
Figure BDA0001180927370000052
Wherein, Y3And Y4Each independently represents-F, -CN or-Cl;
m and n each independently represent 0, 1,2 or 3,
q represents 0 or 1, when q is 0, ring A is 1, 4-cyclohexyl and ring B is
Figure BDA0001180927370000053
In some embodiments of the invention, R3And R4Each independently represents-H, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
In some embodiments of the invention, ring a and ring B are each independently selected from the group consisting of 1, 3-cyclopentyl, 1, 4-cyclohexyl, 1, 4-cyclohexenyl, 1, 4-phenyl, and indan-2, 5 diyl; wherein one or two CH groups not directly bonded in the 1, 4-cyclohexyl group2May be replaced by O, one or more H in the 1, 4-phenyl group may be substituted by fluoro or chloro, preferably, ring a and ring B are each independently selected from the group consisting of 1, 3-cyclopentyl, 1, 4-cyclohexyl, 1, 4-cyclohexenyl, 1, 4-phenyl and indan-2, 5-diyl; wherein one or two CH groups not directly bonded in the 1, 4-cyclohexyl group2May be replaced by O and one or more H in the 1, 4-phenyl group may be substituted by fluorine.
In some embodiments of the invention, Y is1And Y2Each independently represents-H, -F, -CN or-Cl.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the compound represented by formula ii is selected from one or more of the following compounds:
Figure BDA0001180927370000061
Figure BDA0001180927370000071
Figure BDA0001180927370000081
wherein,
R3and R4Each independently represents-H, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the compound of formula ii is present in an amount of 10 to 90% by weight of the total weight of the parent liquid crystal, preferably: 20 to 80%, more preferably: 30 to 75%, more preferably: 30 to 65%, more preferably: 30 to 55%, more preferably: 40-55 percent.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the parent liquid crystal may further comprise a positive liquid crystal compound.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the positive liquid crystal compound comprises:
at least one compound of the formula III
Figure BDA0001180927370000082
Wherein,
R5represents-H, -F, a halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogenated or non-halogenated alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms;
ring C is independently selected from the group consisting of 1, 3-cyclopentyl, 1, 4-cyclohexyl, 1, 4-cyclohexenyl, 1, 4-phenyl, and indan-2, 5 diyl; wherein one or two CH groups not directly bonded in the 1, 4-cyclohexyl group2May be replaced by O, one or more H in the 1, 4-phenyl group may be substituted by halogen or CN;
ring D and ring E are each independently selected from the group consisting of 1, 4-cyclohexyl, 1, 4-cyclohexenyl, 1, 4-phenyl, and indan-2, 5 diyl; wherein one or two CH groups not directly bonded in the 1, 4-cyclohexyl group2May be replaced by O, one or more H in the 1, 4-phenyl group may beSubstituted by halogen or CN;
Z5represents-CO-, -OC-, -OCO-, -COO-, -CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CH2CH2-、-CF2CF2-、-CF2CH2-, -CF ═ CF-, -CH ═ CH-, -C ≡ C-, or a single bond;
L1and L2Each independently represents-H, -F, -CN or-Cl;
L3represents-F, -CN, -CF3or-OCF3；
a. c each independently represents 0, 1,2 or 3.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the compound represented by formula iii is selected from one or more of the following compounds:
Figure BDA0001180927370000091
Figure BDA0001180927370000101
Figure BDA0001180927370000111
Figure BDA0001180927370000121
wherein,
R5represents-H, -F, a halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogenated or non-halogenated alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms;
L1and L2Each independently represents-H, -F, -CN or-Cl.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the compound of formula iii is present in an amount of 10 to 80% by weight of the total weight of the parent liquid crystal, preferably: 20 to 75%, more preferably: 30 to 75%, more preferably: 30 to 65%, more preferably: 30 to 60%, more preferably: 35 to 50 percent.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the dichroic dye molecule is selected from the group consisting of azo, anthraquinone, phthalocyanine, cyanine, indigoid, arylmethane, nitro and nitroso groups.
In some embodiments of the present invention, it is preferable that the dichroic dye is selected from one or more of azo type, anthraquinone type and combination thereof.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the dichroic dye comprises from 0.01% to 10%, preferably from 0.01% to 8%, more preferably from 0.01% to 5%, even more preferably from 0.05% to 3%, even more preferably from 0.1% to 3% by weight of the total guest-host liquid crystal composition.
In some embodiments of the invention, the dye has a dichroic ratio of 2 to 20, preferably the dye has a dichroic ratio of 5 to 15.
Stabilizers which can be added to the parent liquid crystal of the present invention are mentioned below.
Figure BDA0001180927370000131
Figure BDA0001180927370000141
Figure BDA0001180927370000151
Preferably, the stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of the stabilizers shown below.
Figure BDA0001180927370000152
In an embodiment of the present invention, it is preferred that the stabilizer is 0 to 5% by weight of the total weight of the mother liquid crystal; more preferably, the stabilizer accounts for 0-2% of the total weight of the liquid crystal composition; as a particularly preferred embodiment, the stabilizer is 0.001 to 1% by weight based on the total weight of the liquid crystal composition.
Compared with the prior art, the light adjusting device has the advantages that the guest-host liquid crystal composition is arranged between the upper substrate and the lower substrate; the light modulation device is used for temperature control light modulation, has a simpler structure, greatly improves the light transmittance, and has the advantages of low cost and simple and convenient production and manufacture. And the dark state can realize the absorption of specific wave bands of visible light, and the color effect is realized.
When the light modulation device is at the temperature below the clearing point, the guest-host liquid crystal composition is vertically arranged between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, no or little light absorption occurs in the guest-host layer, and the device is in a bright state. When the temperature is above the clearing point, the liquid crystal layer is in a clear state, the dye molecules are in a disordered state, light can be absorbed, and the device is in a dark state.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a liquid crystal display according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The shorthand codes of the test items in the embodiments are respectively expressed as:
T-30℃low temperature storage phase transition temperature (. degree. C.)
Cp clearing Point (C, nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature)
Δ n optical anisotropy (589nm, 20 ℃ C.)
Eta volume viscosity (mm)2S, at 20℃)
Delta epsilon dielectric anisotropy (1KHz, 25 ℃ C.)
T transmittance (DMS 505 box thickness 6 μm)
Conditions for measuring transmittance:
the DMS 505 was used to test the transmittance of the dimmer device at clearing point + -10 deg.C, which was 6 μm thick.
In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the dye in the guest-host liquid crystal composition may be formulated from a single dye (the dye is available from an outsource route) into a combined dye, and the dye is azo-based or anthraquinone-based or a combination of both, and in some embodiments, the dye is selected from one or more of table 1, and the dye forms a liquid crystal composition with the liquid crystal molecules. The dyes are all available from the outsourcing route.
TABLE 1 molecular Structure of the dyes and wavelength of maximum absorption
Figure BDA0001180927370000171
Figure BDA0001180927370000181
Figure BDA0001180927370000191
One or more single dyes are selected according to the requirement to prepare a dye composition, and the dye composition is mixed with liquid crystal molecules in proportion by adopting the modes of heating, ultrasonic waves, suspension and the like and is dissolved to obtain the guest-host liquid crystal composition.
In the following examples, for the convenience of expression of the respective liquid crystal compounds, the group structures of the liquid crystal compounds are represented by the codes listed in Table 2:
TABLE 2 radical structural code of liquid crystal compounds
Figure BDA0001180927370000201
Compounds of the following formula are exemplified:
Figure BDA0001180927370000202
the structural formula is shown asExpressed by the codes listed in Table 2, this can be expressed as: 3 in the 3CWO2, wherein 3 in the code represents the number of C atoms in the left alkyl group, i.e., the alkyl group is-C3H7(ii) a C in the code represents cyclohexane; w in the code represents a benzene plus two lateral F substituted structures, and O in the code represents an oxygen atom; 2 in the code represents the number of C atoms of the alkyl group at the right end, that is, the alkyl group is-C2H5。
In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the liquid crystal composition is a nematic liquid crystal composition, and the various liquid crystal components contained in the liquid crystal composition are all compounds known in the art, and can be synthesized by a conventional method by those skilled in the art.
Fabrication of light modulating devices
The liquid crystal display of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, includes an upper substrate and an upper alignment layer and a lower substrate and a lower alignment layer attached to each other, and a layer of guest-host liquid crystal composition is poured between the upper and lower alignment layers. The inner surfaces of the upper substrate and the lower substrate are respectively coated with a vertical alignment layer to realize the control of the liquid crystal alignment.
Example 1
The parent liquid crystal 1 of example 1, prepared with the compounds and weight percentages listed in table 3, was filled between two substrates of a liquid crystal display and tested for performance, the test data being shown in the following table:
TABLE 3 composition and compounding ratio of mother liquid crystal
Figure BDA0001180927370000211
To the mother liquid crystal 1, 0.35% of dye 13+ 0.15% of dye 7+ 1% of dye 25 was added to form a guest-host liquid crystal composition a1, and 0.7% of dye 13+ 0.3% of dye 7+ 2% of dye 25 was added to form a guest-host liquid crystal composition B1, and the guest-host liquid crystal composition was filled in the light control device of the present invention, and the ambient temperature of the device was adjusted to cause a change in brightness, and the change in transmittance was as shown in table 4:
TABLE 4
Transmittance change (Bright → dark)
Guest-host liquid crystal composition A1 65％→40％
Guest-host liquid crystal composition B1 38％→18％
As can be seen from table 4, when the ambient temperature of the dimming device is lower than 42 ℃, the device is in a bright state; when the ambient temperature of the device is higher than 42 ℃, the device is in a dark state, and the device completely absorbs visible light wave bands when in the dark state.
Example 2
The parent liquid crystal 2 of example 2, prepared with the compounds and weight percentages listed in table 5, was filled between two substrates of a liquid crystal display and tested for performance, the test data being shown in the following table:
TABLE 5 composition and compounding ratio of mother liquid crystal
Figure BDA0001180927370000221
To the mother liquid crystal 2, 0.35% dye 13+ 0.15% dye 7+ 1% dye 25 was added to form a guest-host liquid crystal composition A2, and 0.7% dye 13+ 0.3% dye 7+ 2% dye 25 was added to form a guest-host liquid crystal composition B2, the transmittance change of which is shown in Table 6:
TABLE 6
Transmittance change (Bright → dark)
Guest-host liquid crystal composition A2 59％→38％
Guest-host liquid crystal composition B2 39％→18％
As can be seen from table 6, when the ambient temperature of the light modulation device is lower than 25 ℃, the device is in a bright state; when the ambient temperature of the device is higher than 25 ℃, the device is in a dark state, and the device completely absorbs visible light wave bands when in the dark state.
Example 3
The parent liquid crystal 3 of example 3, prepared with the compounds and weight percentages listed in table 7, was filled between two substrates of a liquid crystal display and tested for performance, the test data being shown in the following table:
TABLE 7 composition and compounding ratio of mother liquid crystal
Figure BDA0001180927370000231
To the mother liquid crystal 3, 0.35% dye 13+ 0.15% dye 7+ 1% dye 25 was added to form a guest-host liquid crystal composition A3, whose transmittance varied as shown in Table 8:
TABLE 8
Transmittance change (Bright → dark)
Guest-host liquid crystal composition A3 41％→16％
As can be seen from table 8, when the ambient temperature of the light modulation device is lower than 50 ℃, the device is in a bright state; when the ambient temperature of the device is higher than 50 ℃, the device is in a dark state, and the device completely absorbs visible light wave bands when in the dark state.
Example 4
The parent liquid crystal 4 of example 9, prepared with the compounds and weight percentages listed in table 9, was filled between two substrates of a liquid crystal display and tested for performance, the test data are shown in the following table:
TABLE 9 composition and compounding ratio of mother liquid crystal
Figure BDA0001180927370000241
To the mother liquid crystal 4, 0.2% dye 7+ 1.6% dye 25 was added to form a guest-host liquid crystal composition C1, whose transmittance varied as shown in Table 10:
watch 10
Transmittance change (Bright → dark)
Guest-host liquid crystal composition C1 55％→28％
As can be seen from table 10, when the ambient temperature of the dimming device is lower than 60 ℃, the device is in a bright state; when the ambient temperature of the device is higher than 60 ℃, the device is in a dark state, and the device absorbs a specific wave band of visible light (620 +/-30 nm) in the dark state, so that the device is blue.
Example 5
The parent liquid crystal 5 of example 5, prepared with the compounds and weight percentages listed in table 11, was filled between two substrates of a liquid crystal display and tested for performance, the test data being shown in the following table:
TABLE 11 composition and compounding ratio of the parent liquid crystals
Figure BDA0001180927370000251
To the precursor liquid crystal 5, 1.5% of dye 7 was added to form a guest-host liquid crystal composition D1, whose transmittance varied as shown in Table 12:
TABLE 12
Transmittance change (Bright → dark)
Guest-host liquid crystal composition D1 60％→35％
As can be seen from table 12, when the ambient temperature of the dimming device is lower than 60 ℃, the device is in a bright state; when the ambient temperature of the device is higher than 60 ℃, the device is in a dark state, and absorbs a specific wave band of visible light (550 +/-30 nm) when the device is in the dark state, so that the device is purple.
Due to the adoption of the design, the device can realize dimming without using a polaroid and an electrode layer, and can achieve high transmittance. Through actual measurement, the light dimming device can realize color depth change and conversion between light and dark states through the temperature regulation and control device, and meanwhile, compared with the existing electric control light dimming device, the light dimming device does not use a polaroid and an electrode layer, so that the manufacturing steps of the light dimming device are simplified, and the cost is saved.
The materials used in the present invention are all commercial materials, and are all commercially available.
The foregoing embodiments have been provided to illustrate the principles and embodiments of the present invention, and the above embodiments are provided only to assist and understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, a person skilled in the art can change the specific mode and the application scope thereof according to the idea of the present invention, and in summary, the information in the description should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A dimming device comprising a guest-host liquid crystal composition, the dimming device comprising: an upper substrate, a lower substrate, an upper alignment layer, a lower alignment layer, a guest-host liquid crystal composition sandwiched between the upper alignment layer and the lower alignment layer, wherein the guest-host liquid crystal composition comprises a dichroic dye and a mother liquid crystal, wherein the dimming device does not comprise a polarizer and an electrode layer, wherein the mother liquid crystal has a clearing point of 10 to 60 ℃ and comprises at least one neutral liquid crystal compound comprising:
at least one compound represented by the general formula I,
Figure FDA0002660803070000011
wherein,
R1and R2Each independently represents-H, -F, a halogenated or non-halogenated alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, havingHalogenated or non-halogenated alkenyl or alkenyloxy of 2 to 12 carbon atoms;
X1and X2Each independently selected from the group consisting of 1, 2-cyclopropyl, 1, 3-cyclobutyl, 1, 3-cyclopentyl, 1, 4-cyclohexyl, 1, 4-cyclohexenyl, piperidin-1, 4-diyl, and 1, 4-bicyclo [2,2 ] idene]Octyl, 1, 4-phenyl, pyridine-2, 5-diyl, pyrimidine-2, 5-diyl, naphthalene-2, 6-diyl, trans-decahydronaphthalene-2, 6-diyl, tetrahydronaphthalene-2, 6-diyl and indan-2, 5-diyl; wherein one or two CH groups not directly bonded in the 1, 4-cyclohexyl group2May be replaced by O or S, one or more H in the 1, 4-phenyl group may be substituted by halogen;
Z1and Z2Each independently represents-CO-, -OC-, -OCO-, -COO-, -CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CH2CH2-、-CF2CF2-、-CF2CH2-、-CF＝CF-、-CH＝CH-、-C≡C-、-CH(CH3)CH2-、-CH2CH(CH3)-、-(CH2)3O-、-O(CH2)3-、-COS-、-SCO-、-CH＝CF-、-(CH2)4-、-C4F8-、-OCF2CF2O-、-CF2CF2CF2O-、-CH2CH2CF2O-、-CH2CF2OCH2-、-CH＝CHCF2O-、-CF2OCH＝CH-、-CF2OCF＝CH-、-CF2OCH＝CF-、-CF＝CFCF2O-、-CF2OCF＝CF-、-CH＝CHCH2CH2-、-C2H4OCH2-、-CH2CH＝CHCH2-、-OCH2CH2CH2-、-CF＝CF-CF＝CF-、-C≡C-CF＝CF-、-C≡C-CF＝CF-C≡C-、-CF＝CF-C≡C-CF＝CF-、-C≡C-CF2O-or a single bond, when a plurality of X's are present2And Z2When they are the same or different;
p represents 0, 1,2 or 3.
2. A dimming device comprising a guest-host liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the parent liquid crystal further comprises a negative liquid crystal compound.
3. A dimming device comprising a guest-host liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the parent liquid crystal further comprises a positive liquid crystal compound.
4. A dimming device comprising a guest-host liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the dichroic dye is selected from one or more of blue dye, red dye, green dye, orange dye and violet dye.
5. A dimming device comprising a guest-host liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein both the upper alignment layer and the lower alignment layer are homeotropically aligned.
6. A dimming device comprising a guest-host liquid crystal composition according to claim 5, wherein the pretilt angles of the vertical alignment layers of the upper and lower substrates are 85 ° to 89 °.
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