CN108226733B - Hybrid power cycle detection device for IGBT module and detection method thereof - Google Patents
Hybrid power cycle detection device for IGBT module and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108226733B CN108226733B CN201611125731.4A CN201611125731A CN108226733B CN 108226733 B CN108226733 B CN 108226733B CN 201611125731 A CN201611125731 A CN 201611125731A CN 108226733 B CN108226733 B CN 108226733B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hybrid power cycle detection device and a detection method for an IGBT module, wherein the detection device comprises: the system comprises a main power supply branch, a measurement power supply branch, a first current sensor, an active control circulating unit, a second current sensor and a passive control circulating unit which are connected in parallel; the main power branch includes: the main power supply and a main control power supply switch connected in series with the main power supply; the measurement power branch includes: the measuring power supply and a measuring power supply switch connected in series with the measuring power supply; the active control loop unit includes: the active control branch circuit that connects in parallel, passive control circulation unit includes: and the passive control branches are connected in parallel. The invention combines the IGBT module active control heating and the passive control heating to expand the number of the tested modules; meanwhile, the time proportion of the IGBT module in the heating and cooling process is considered, the number of the parallel branches is reasonably designed, and the power supply is utilized at the highest efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power electronics, in particular to a hybrid power cycle detection device for an IGBT module and a detection method thereof.
Background
An IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) is a composite fully-controlled voltage-driven power semiconductor device composed of BJT (Bipolar junction Transistor) and MOS (Insulated Gate field effect Transistor), and has the advantages of both high input impedance of MOSFET and low on-state voltage drop of power Transistor GTR. The GTR saturation voltage is reduced, the current carrying density is high, but the driving current is large; the MOSFET has small driving power, high switching speed, large conduction voltage drop and small current carrying density. Therefore, the IGBT has small driving power and low saturation voltage, and is very suitable for the fields of current transformation systems with the direct-current voltage of 600V or more, such as alternating-current motors, frequency converters, switching power supplies, lighting circuits, traction transmission and the like.
Structurally, the IGBT module is a modular semiconductor product formed by bridge-packaging an IGBT chip and an FWD (freewheeling diode chip) through a specific circuit; the packaged IGBT module is directly applied to equipment such as a frequency converter, a UPS (uninterrupted power supply) and the like; the voltage specification of the IGB module is closely related to the input power supply, i.e., the test power supply voltage, of the device used.
The IGBT module has the characteristics of energy conservation, convenience in installation and maintenance, stable heat dissipation and the like; most of the current market products are such modular products, generally, the IGBT is also referred to as IGBT module; with the gradual deepening of energy-saving and environment-friendly concepts, the products are popular with users.
With the rapid development of the IGBT technology in recent years, the voltage and current levels are gradually improved, and the application of the IGBT in the power system is also more and more extensive, and the special application environment of the power system also puts forward some special requirements on the devices of the IGBT: high voltage, high current, high reliability, etc. Research shows that when the IGBT is repeatedly switched on and off, junction temperature fluctuates sharply, fatigue effect or failure can be generated under the action of thermal stress impact, the working life and reliability of the IGBT can affect the normal operation of the whole device or system, and the fatigue effect is a long-term process, so that higher requirements are provided for the reliability of the IGBT module.
The maximum detection current of the existing power cycle detection platform in the market is 1500A, the number of the detected modules is at most 3, the IGBT current level in the application of the power system is up to 3000A or more, and the existing power cycle detection platform cannot meet the detection requirement of the application of the power system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a hybrid power cycle detection apparatus and a detection method for an IGBT module.
Wherein the detection device includes: the system comprises a main power supply branch, a measurement power supply branch, a first current sensor, an active control circulating unit, a second current sensor and a passive control circulating unit which are connected in parallel; the main power branch includes: the main power supply and a main control power supply switch connected in series with the main power supply; the measurement power branch includes: the measuring power supply and a measuring power supply switch connected in series with the measuring power supply; the active control loop unit includes: an active control branch in parallel, the active control branch comprising: the other end of the pulse power supply is connected with an emitting electrode of the IGBT; the passive control loop unit includes: the passive control branch road of parallelly connected, the passive control branch road includes: the constant voltage source is connected with the gate of the IGBT, the switch is connected with the IGBT in series, and the other end of the constant voltage source is connected with the emitter of the IGBT.
The active control circulation unit comprises at least two active control branches connected in parallel; an IGBT module is arranged in the active control branch.
The passive control circulation unit comprises at least two passive control branches connected in parallel; at least two series-connected IGBT modules are arranged in the passive control branch. The grid electrode of the IGBT in the IGBT module is connected with a pulse power supply through a resistor, the other end of the pulse power supply is connected with an emitting electrode of the IGBT, and the IGBT module is connected with a voltmeter in parallel.
The grid electrode of the IGBT in the IGBT module is connected with a 15V constant voltage source through a resistor, the other end of the 15V constant voltage source is connected with an emitting electrode of the IGBT, and the IGBT module is connected with a voltmeter in parallel. The IGBT module is also connected in parallel with a thermocouple for recording the temperature of the IGBT module shell.
The hybrid power cycle detection apparatus further includes: and the upper computer is used for controlling the pulse power supply to enable the IGBT module of the active control circulation unit to be circularly switched on.
The on-off time ratio of the IGBT module is 1: and N, wherein N is an integer greater than 1. And setting the number of parallel branches in the active control circulation unit and the passive control circulation unit according to a time ratio.
The two current sensors respectively test the current in the active control circulation unit and the passive control circulation unit.
A detection method for a hybrid power cycle detection apparatus, comprising the steps of: 1) closing the main control power switch, and heating the IGBT module in the branch circuit; 2) after the IGBT module reaches a preset temperature, the main control power switch is switched off; 3) closing a measurement power switch, and testing the voltage at two ends of the IGBT module; 4) disconnecting the measurement power switch and closing the master control power switch; 5) and sequentially and circularly heating the IGBT modules on other branches.
The step 1) comprises the following steps: the upper computer controls the pulse power supply to heat the IGBT module on the main power supply branch in the active control circulation unit; or the switch on the passive control branch in the passive control circulation unit is closed, and the IGBT module on the passive control branch is heated by the constant voltage source.
Only one branch in the active control unit and the passive control unit is conducted every time heating and measuring are carried out.
Compared with the closest prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) according to the invention, a single IGBT module is combined with the IGBT module series power cycle detection device, and power cycle detection of a plurality of groups of modules can be completed simultaneously;
2) according to the invention, the number of parallel branches is designed by combining the time ratio of temperature rise and temperature fall in power cycle detection, so that a power supply is efficiently utilized, and the detection time is saved;
3) the invention carries out real-time on-line monitoring on the voltage, the current, the junction temperature, the shell temperature and the like of each module to be tested, and provides a basis for later-stage failure analysis and a service life model;
4) the invention combines the IGBT module active control heating and the passive control heating to expand the number of the tested modules; meanwhile, the time proportion of the heating and cooling processes of the IGBT module is considered, the number of the parallel branches is reasonably designed, and a power supply is utilized at the highest efficiency;
5) the invention simultaneously connects a detection power supply outside the main power supply in parallel, rapidly detects the junction temperature of the module at the end stage of each heating, and realizes the accurate delta T recording and the thermal resistance calculation in the power cycle of the IGBT module.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a high power IGBT module hybrid power cycle detection main loop of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a graph showing the temperature change with time in the power cycle test of the IGBT module according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention simulates a power cycle detection platform on the premise of simultaneously examining a plurality of IGBT modules and obtaining accurate failure analysis and reliable service life prediction.
The main loop circuit for hybrid power cycle detection of the high-power IGBT module shown in FIG. 1 mainly comprises a main power supply, a measurement power supply, a current sensor, an active control cycle unit and a passive control cycle unit.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: in power cycle detection, an IGBT module is adopted for self-heating and external forced heat dissipation and cooling, a main power supply is an adjustable power supply and is provided with a plurality of power gears, and when a single module in an active control cycle unit is detected, an upper computer controls the adjustable power supply to output low power; when the multi-module serial detection is carried out, the upper computer controls the adjustable power supply to output high power, and can simultaneously supply power for the single-module and multi-module serial detection.
The main control power switch S1 (adopting a large-current relay) controls the switch of the heating power supply, the switch is switched off after one branch is heated, the switch S2 (adopting a signal relay) of the measurement power supply is switched on to test (completed within 1 ms), and the switch S2 is switched off after the test is completed, and then the switch S1 is switched on to heat the IGBT modules on other branches, and the cycle is performed in sequence.
The detection method comprises the following steps: the main control power supply conducts and heats the IGBT module on one branch (such as N1), after the preset temperature is reached, the main control power supply switch S1 is switched off, the measurement power supply switch S2 is closed, the voltage at two ends of the IGBT module is measured (completed within 1 ms), and after the test is completed, S2 is switched off; and then the master control power switch S1 is closed again, the heating period of the next IGBT module is entered, and the upper computer sequentially controls N2 … … Nn and Q1 … … Qy to conduct heating.
The switch states of switches S1 and S2 have two principles: 1) s1 and S2 are not turned on simultaneously; 2) only one branch is connected in each heating and measuring process, namely only one branch is conducted in the same time of all the active control unit branches and the passive control unit branches. The current values in the active control cycle unit and the passive control cycle unit are respectively tested by two current sensors.
The characteristic that two ends of a high-power IGBT module are low in voltage in the heating process is utilized, a plurality of modules are connected in series, a passive control circulation unit comprises n branches connected in parallel, each branch is formed by connecting a switch Qi and n IGBT modules Mi1 and Mi2 … … Min to be tested in series, a 15V driving power supply is added to a grid of each IGBT module to be tested, the IGBT module is enabled to be in an on state all the time in detection, and the switches in each branch are used for controlling the on and off of the branches: therefore, the problem of voltage sharing in the opening stage in the series connection of the modules is solved, and the consistency of the electrical stress of the tested module is ensured.
The active control circulation unit is formed by connecting N branch circuits N1 … … Nn in parallel, each branch circuit is provided with a tested IGBT module, a pulse power supply of the tested IGBT module is controlled by an upper computer in the detection process, the circulation opening of the tested IGBT module is realized, only one active control circulation branch circuit is in an opening state in each stage, and the circulation heating and cooling of the tested IGBT module are realized.
And in the active power cycle detection, the module to be detected is automatically controlled to be switched on and off. The difference between the passive control cycle and the active control cycle is that the tested IGBT module in the passive control cycle unit is always in a turn-on state, a plurality of IGBT modules are connected in series, a branch switch controls the turn-on and turn-off of the branch in which the IGBT module is located, each branch of the active cycle control unit only has one tested IGBT module, and the tested IGBT module actively controls the turn-on and turn-off of the branch.
The 15V constant voltage source and the pulse are both driving power supplies of the IGBT module, the 15V constant voltage source and the pulse ensure that the IGBT module is in an on state, the pulse is a 15V square wave driving pulse, and the IGBT module is controlled to be on and off according to requirements; the two modes are applied to power cycle detection of the low-power IGBT module, but the power of a power supply is considered to be limited in the power cycle detection of the high-power IGBT module, and the two modes are mixed for use.
In the detection process, the temperature rise and the temperature reduction of the IGBT module are realized by the self-control on and off of the IGBT module to be detected through the driving arrangement.
As can be seen from the rule of time-dependent temperature change in the power cycle of the IGBT module in fig. 2, the heating time is shorter than the cooling time, and the ratio is 1: and N, setting corresponding parallel branches in the active control unit and the passive control unit based on the proportion so as to achieve the most efficient utilization of the power supply.
The power, the turn-on time and the turn-off time of a power supply of the IGBT module in a power cycle test are obtained by numerical calculation and simulation, and because the heating power is greater than the heat dissipation power, when the same time difference delta T is ensured, the heating time is shorter than the cooling time, and the proportion is 1: and N, only one branch is required to be conducted at the same time in one power cycle detection device, so that a reasonable number of parallel branches is set, and the power supply can be utilized most efficiently.
A thermocouple and a voltmeter are arranged below a radiator of each module, the shell temperature of the module and the voltage at two ends of a device are recorded, the power supply is measured to work after a main heating power supply is turned off every time, a small current detection method is utilized, namely, after a current of 10mA is conducted in an IGBT detection module and the voltage at two ends of the IGBT module is detected, the current junction temperature is obtained by comparing the current junction temperature with a voltage drop-temperature curve of the IGBT module, and the data are recorded in real time through an upper computer.
In the drawings, only a schematic diagram of a main loop of a hybrid power cycle detection method of a high-power IGBT module is given, and the present invention has been described herein according to specific exemplary embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A hybrid power cycle detection device for an IGBT module, comprising: the device comprises a main power supply branch, a measurement power supply branch, an active control circulating unit and a passive control circulating unit which are connected in parallel;
the main power branch includes: the main power supply and a main control power supply switch connected in series with the main power supply;
the measurement power supply branch comprises: the measuring power supply and a measuring power supply switch connected in series with the measuring power supply;
the active control loop unit includes: active control branches in parallel, the active control branches comprising: the other end of the pulse power supply is connected with an emitting electrode of the IGBT;
the passive control loop unit includes: a passive control branch in parallel, the passive control branch comprising: the constant voltage source is connected with the grid electrode of the IGBT and the switch is connected with the IGBT in series, and the other end of the constant voltage source is connected with the emitting electrode of the IGBT;
the active control circulation unit comprises at least two active control branches connected in parallel; an IGBT module is arranged in the active control branch;
the passive control circulation unit comprises at least two passive control branches connected in parallel; at least two series-connected IGBT modules are arranged in the passive control branch circuit;
the grid electrode of the IGBT in the IGBT module is connected with a pulse power supply through a resistor, the other end of the pulse power supply is connected with an emitting electrode of the IGBT, and the IGBT module is connected with a voltmeter in parallel;
the grid electrode of an IGBT in the IGBT module is connected with a 15V constant voltage source through a resistor, the other end of the 15V constant voltage source is connected with an emitter electrode of the IGBT, and the IGBT module is connected with a voltmeter in parallel;
the IGBT module is also connected in parallel with a thermocouple for recording the shell temperature of the IGBT module;
further comprising:
the upper computer is used for controlling the pulse power supply to circularly switch on the IGBT module of the active control circulating unit;
a first current sensor for measuring the current of the active control circulation unit is arranged between the measurement power supply branch and the active control circulation unit;
and a second current sensor for measuring the current in the passive control circulation unit is arranged between the active control circulation unit and the passive control circulation unit.
2. The hybrid power cycle detection device of claim 1, wherein the on-to-off time ratio of the IGBT module is 1: and N, wherein N is an integer greater than 1.
3. The hybrid power cycle detection device of claim 2, wherein the number of parallel branches in the active control cycle unit and the passive control cycle unit is set in accordance with the time ratio.
4. A method for testing an IGBT module using the hybrid power cycle test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
1) when the main control power switch is in a closed state and the measurement power is in an open state, heating the IGBT module in the branch circuit;
2) after the IGBT module reaches a preset temperature, the main control power switch is switched off and switched on, and the voltage at two ends of the IGBT module is tested;
3) disconnecting the measurement power switch and closing the master control power switch;
4) and sequentially circulating 1) -3) to heat the IGBT modules on other branches.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein heating the IGBT modules in the legs comprises: the upper computer controls the pulse power supply to heat the IGBT module on the main power supply branch in the active control circulation unit; or
And closing a switch on a passive control branch in the passive control circulation unit, and heating an IGBT module on the passive control branch by a constant voltage source.
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| CN109444705B (en) * | 2018-10-28 | 2021-12-14 | 北京工业大学 | Power cycle experimental device for multi-junction temperature difference control of automobile-grade IGBT |
| CN109507501B (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2021-07-20 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Power cycle test method and device for intelligent power module |
| CN113092897A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-07-09 | 荣信汇科电气股份有限公司 | Temperature fatigue aging comprehensive test device for MMC flexible direct converter valve power module |
| CN113561778A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-29 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Electric automobile IGBT power module overheating and power circulation control method |
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| JP2012088154A (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2012-05-10 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Power-cycle testing device and power-cycle testing method |
| CN102680819A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-09-19 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Accelerated life test circuit and test method of power electronic device |
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| JP2007240368A (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2007-09-20 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | Method of detecting deterioration of semiconductor element |
| JP5343901B2 (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2013-11-13 | 富士電機株式会社 | Power cycle life prediction method, life prediction device, and semiconductor device including the life prediction device |
| JP5731448B2 (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2015-06-10 | エスペック株式会社 | Power cycle test equipment |
| CN104848961A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-08-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Saturation-conduction-voltage-drop-based temperature calibration platform for measuring IGBT junction temperature and method for realizing IGBT junction temperature measurement |
| CN105301485A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2016-02-03 | 重庆大学 | Multi-IGBT quick power circulation accelerated aging device |
| CN105337523B (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2018-01-02 | 合肥工业大学 | NPC types three-level inverter reliability on-line monitoring system and method |
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| JP2012088154A (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2012-05-10 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Power-cycle testing device and power-cycle testing method |
| CN102680819A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-09-19 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Accelerated life test circuit and test method of power electronic device |
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