CN108225946A - A kind of cylindrical rock sample straight shear device and method - Google Patents
A kind of cylindrical rock sample straight shear device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108225946A CN108225946A CN201810220789.XA CN201810220789A CN108225946A CN 108225946 A CN108225946 A CN 108225946A CN 201810220789 A CN201810220789 A CN 201810220789A CN 108225946 A CN108225946 A CN 108225946A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0266—Cylindrical specimens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cylindrical rock sample straight shear device and methods, cylindrical rock sample straight shear device includes control box, first level load lever and the second horizontal load bar are respectively arranged on the symmetrical two side of control box, the upper end of control box is provided with vertical load bar, the lower end of control box is provided with operation console, with being provided with pedestal at the corresponding position of vertical load bar on operation console；Cylindrical rock sample staight scissors method provided by the invention, including the standard cylindrical prepared rock sample is positioned in control box, and pass through pop-up cushion block, pushing cushion block and spherical indenter and apply load, until sample is destroyed, the present invention overcomes the deficiency that existing structure can only carry out square coupons direct shear test, and improve the non-uniform deficiency of vertical load force.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Geotechnical Engineering fields, and in particular to a kind of cylindrical rock sample straight shear device and method.
Background technology
In the underground engineerings such as mining, nuclear waste disposal, water conservancy and hydropower, tunnel, side slope, crack rock is often to meet
A kind of complicated rock mass arrived, the features such as its intensity and deformation are directly related to engineering design, construction and operation stability, and
And these characteristics have significant temporal correlation.The rock mass engineering accidents such as rock slope, wall damage, underground engineering unstability are sent out
The main reason for raw is exactly crack rock shearing strength deficiency, and failure by shear occurs.Therefore carry out to crack rock shear property
Experimental study, for entire rock mass engineering project long-time stability have important directive significance.
Rock shearing testing machine TEST60 is produced by MTS companies of the U.S., and the critical components such as oil sources are all the imports of MTS companies,
System framework is processed to be domestic.Be mainly used for rock in itself, concrete in itself, concrete and rock contact face and rock mass it is weak
(disconnected) experiment of the shearing resistances such as structural plane；It can also realize Rock Under Uniaxial Compression resistance to compression/tensile test；Can map out the vertical load of test specimen-
Deformation relationship curve, horizontal load-deformation relationship curve, vertical deformation-horizontal distortion relation curve.Important technological parameters are：
Biaxial loadings, axial 100t (1000KN), horizontal loading 250t (2500KN) are mainly used for rectangular test specimen shearing test and two-way
Load test；Rock, the experiment of structural plane dynamic load down cut, frequency maximum 5Hz；Test specimen full-size 200mm.
Existing equipment there are the problem of：Since rock shearing testing machine TEST60 and sample are in vertical and horizontal addload direction
On be flat face contact, therefore the direct shear test for square coupons can only be carried out.And most common examination in rock mechanics test
Sample is then cylindrical standard sample, has larger demand to the direct shear test of the sample, and existing equipment be difficult to meet it is this
Demand, and existing vertical loading pressure head and sample cushion block are rigid contacts, it is easy to vertical deviatoric stress is generated, makes test rock
Direct stress is unevenly distributed, and causes the deviation of certain staight scissors test result, larger inconvenience is brought to rock direct shear test.
Therefore it is only capable of carrying out rectangular or cylindrical sample shearing test present situation for the test of current rock staight scissors, now
A kind of cylindrical cushion block is designed for rock shearing experimental machine TEST60, so as on the basis that can carry out square coupons direct shear test
On, it can also carry out the direct shear test of cylindrical sample, finally realize that rectangular and cylindrical rock sample staight scissors are tested, and to perpendicular
The add-assembly of ball-type pressure head is carried out to pressure head, obtains the direct stress being evenly distributed.
Invention content
The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, provides a kind of cylinder that can realize cylindrical rock sample staight scissors
Shape rock sample straight shear device and method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention employs following technical proposals：
A kind of cylindrical rock sample straight shear device is provided, including control box, is divided on the symmetrical two side of control box
It is not provided with first level load lever and the second horizontal load bar, the upper end of control box is provided with vertical load bar, control box
Lower end is provided with operation console, with being provided with pedestal at the corresponding position of vertical load bar on operation console；
First level load lever includes the first push rod being set on control box, and the first push rod connects with first level pedestal
It connects, the front end of first level pedestal is connect by cushion block mounting hole with pop-up cushion block, and round support is provided in the middle part of pop-up cushion block
The middle part corresponding position of block, first level pedestal and pop-up cushion block is provided with centering tag line；
Second horizontal load bar includes the second push rod being set on control box, and the second push rod and the second horizontal base connect
It connects, the front end of the second horizontal base is connect by cushion block mounting hole with pushing cushion block, pushes and round pressure is provided in the middle part of cushion block
The middle part corresponding position of block, the second horizontal base and pushing cushion block is provided with centering tag line；
Vertical load bar includes the vertical push rod through control box setting, and vertical push rod is connect with wedge, the lower end of wedge
Spherical indenter is embedded with, the lower edge of spherical indenter is connect by connecting spring with wedge lateral wall；Vertical push rod and wedge
It is connected by connecting rod, annular gasket is arranged in connecting rod.
In said program, it is preferred that pop-up cushion block, which is located at the position of the upside of round tray, offers upper grooves.
In said program, it is preferred that the half of round tray is embedded in pop-up cushion block；Upper grooves vertical cross-section is in circle
Arc, the diameter of upper grooves is identical with round tray, and centering tag line is provided in upper grooves.
In said program, it is preferred that push and offer lower recess at the position for the downside that cushion block is located at round briquetting.
In said program, it is preferred that the half of round briquetting, which is embedded at, to be pushed in cushion block；Lower recess vertical cross-section is in circle
Arc, the diameter of lower recess is identical with round briquetting, and centering tag line is provided in lower recess.
In said program, it is preferred that the vertical cross-section radian of upper grooves and lower recess is 170 degree.
In said program, it is preferred that offer threaded hole on vertical push rod bottom, connecting rod is the spiral shell coordinated with threaded hole
Bolt.
In said program, it is preferred that the quantity of connecting spring is six and is distributed in the lower edge of spherical indenter.
The present invention also provides a kind of cylindrical rock sample staight scissors method, applied to above-mentioned cylindrical rock sample staight scissors
On device, include the following steps：
Step 1: the standard cylindrical rock sample prepared is positioned in control box, it is placed on pop-up cushion block；
Step 2: mobile and horizontal first level load lever and the second horizontal load are distinguished by the first push rod and the second push rod
Bar pushes and pushes the movement of cushion block upward pad Block direction, until sample is in contact with pushing cushion block, pressure pad block and the second water instantly
Centering tag line alignment on flat pedestal, when pop-up cushion block is also aligned with the centering tag line on first level pedestal, completes examination
The fixation of sample horizontal direction；
Step 3: vertical load bar is moved by vertical push rod until sample is contacted with spherical indenter, so as to complete sample
The fixation of vertical direction；
Step 4: applying vertical load by vertical push rod to fix loading speed to predetermined value and keeps stable；
Step 5: applying horizontal shear load by the first push rod and the second push rod to fix loading speed, record in real time
Load, the delta data of displacement, until failure by shear occurs for sample shear surface, off-test.
Further, when pushing cushion block, pop-up cushion block, spherical indenter and sample contacts, it is applied with connecing for predetermined load value
Touch load.
The main advantageous effect of above-mentioned cylindrical rock sample straight shear device provided by the invention is：
By setting pop-up cushion block respectively in the horizontal direction and pushing cushion block, the two cushion blocks and pending cylinder are utilized
Shape sample phase separation by the round tray on pop-up cushion block and can push the round transmission vertical load on cushion block, pass through
Pop-up cushion block and pushing cushion block transmit horizontal direction load, and make cylindrical or rectangular rock sample uniform force, avoid generating
Eccentricity impacts shearing test；Shear breakage can be made equal by the mating reaction of round briquetting and round cushion block again
In the middle part of sample, convenient for experimental analysis, while straight shear device can also be protected, it, can be very big compared to existing shear box structure
Material is saved on ground, cost-effective.
By connecting by connecting rod, and set annular gasket between wedge and vertical push rod, ensure to carry using connecting rod
While lotus is conducted, ensure the full contact power transmission between wedge and vertical push rod, while there is damping and guarantor using annular gasket
Protect the effect of straight shear device.
By the way that connecting spring is set as six from existing four, reduce the degree of freedom of existing spherical indenter, in order to
The contact and fixation of straight shear device and sample fast and stable.
The main advantageous effect of above-mentioned cylindrical rock sample staight scissors method provided by the invention is：
Sample staight scissors are carried out by above-mentioned straight shear device, compared to existing structure, more easily can install and fix sample,
Improve conventional efficient；By applying load evenly, the data of shear stress and change in displacement can be quickly and easily obtained.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of cylindrical rock sample straight shear device.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of vertical load bar.
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of vertical load bar.
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of first level load lever.
Fig. 5 is the structure diagram of the second horizontal load bar.
Wherein, 1, vertical load bar, 11, vertical push rod, 12, annular gasket, 13, wedge, 14, spherical indenter, 15, connection
Spring, 16, connecting rod, 2, first level load lever, the 21, first push rod, 22, first level pedestal, 23, pop-up cushion block, 231,
Upper grooves, 232, round tray, 233, centering tag line, 24, cushion block mounting hole, the 3, second horizontal load bar, 31, second pushes away
Bar, the 32, second horizontal base, 33, push cushion block, 331, round briquetting, 332, lower recess, 4, operation console, 41, pedestal, 5,
Control box, 51, internal layer case, 52, outer layer case, 6, loading unit, 61, vertical loading unit, 62, lateral loading unit.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As shown in Figure 1, cylindrical rock sample straight shear device provided by the invention includes control box 5, control box 5 is symmetrical
2 and second horizontal load bar 3 of first level load lever is respectively arranged on two side, the upper end of control box 5 is provided with vertical load
Lotus bar 1, the lower end of control box 5 are provided with operation console 4, with being provided with base at 1 corresponding position of vertical load bar on operation console 4
Seat 41.
As shown in figure 4, first level load lever 2 includes being set to the first push rod 21 on control box 5, the first push rod 21 with
First level pedestal 22 connects, and the front end of first level pedestal 22 is connect by cushion block mounting hole 24 with pop-up cushion block 23；Pop-up
The middle part of cushion block 23 is provided with round tray 232, and the half of round tray 232 is embedded in pop-up cushion block 23；Pop-up cushion block 23
Upper grooves 231 are offered at the position of the upside of round tray 232,231 vertical cross-section of upper grooves is arc-shaped, arc
It is 170 degree to spend, and the diameter of upper grooves 231 is identical with round tray 232；In first level pedestal 22 and upper grooves 231
Portion corresponding position is provided with centering tag line 233, pop-up cushion block 23 and sample positioning in the horizontal direction during facilitating experiment.
As shown in figure 5, the second horizontal load bar 3 includes being set to the second push rod 31 on control box 5, the second push rod 31 with
Second horizontal base 32 connects, and the front end of the second horizontal base 32 is connect by cushion block mounting hole 24 with pushing cushion block 33, is pushed
The middle part of cushion block 33 is provided with round briquetting 331, and the half of round briquetting 331, which is embedded at, to be pushed in cushion block 33；Push cushion block 33
Lower recess 332 is offered at the position of the downside of round briquetting 331,332 vertical cross-section of lower recess is arc-shaped, arc
It is 170 degree to spend, and the diameter of lower recess 332 is identical with round briquetting 331；In second horizontal base 32 and lower recess 332
Portion corresponding position is provided with centering tag line 233, to facilitate experiment pressure pad block 33 and sample positioning in the horizontal direction at present.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, vertical load bar 1 includes the vertical push rod 11 set through control box 5, vertical push rod 11
Threaded hole is offered on bottom, vertical push rod 11 is connect with wedge 13, and 13 upper end of wedge is provided with connecting rod 16, and connecting rod 16 is
With the bolt of threaded hole cooperation；Annular gasket 12 is arranged in connecting rod 16.
The lower end of wedge 13 is embedded with spherical indenter 14, and the lower edge of spherical indenter 14 passes through connecting spring 15 and wedge
13 lateral walls connect, and the quantity of connecting spring 15 is six and is distributed in the lower edge of spherical indenter 14.
By being connected, and set annular gasket 12 by connecting rod 16 between wedge 13 and vertical push rod 11, connection is utilized
While bar 16 ensures load conduction, ensure the full contact power transmission between wedge 13 and vertical push rod 11 using annular gasket 12,
There is damping and protection straight shear device simultaneously.
The present invention also provides a kind of cylindrical rock sample staight scissors method, applied to above-mentioned cylindrical rock sample staight scissors
Device, as shown in Figure 1, it includes the following steps：
Step 1: the standard cylindrical rock sample prepared is positioned in control box 5, it is placed in pop-up cushion block 23
On.
Step 2: mobile and horizontal first level load lever 2 and the second water are distinguished by the first push rod 21 and the second push rod 31
Flat load lever 3 pushes and pushes the movement of 33 upward 23 direction of pad block of cushion block, until sample is in contact with pushing cushion block 33；Instantly
Pressure pad block 33 is aligned with the centering tag line 233 on the second horizontal base 32, on pop-up cushion block 23 and first level pedestal 22
When centering tag line 233 is also aligned, the fixation of sample horizontal direction is completed.
23 position of pop-up cushion block is the underface of vertical push rod 11；After the completion of fixation, as needed, mobile first
21 and second push rod 31 of push rod, to finely tune sample position, it is ensured that it is located at the underface of vertical push rod 11.
Further, when pushing cushion block 33, pop-up cushion block 23 with sample contacts, pass through first level load lever 2 and second
Horizontal load bar 3 is applied with the contact load of predetermined load value, and load value can take 2kN.
Step 3: vertical load bar 1 is moved by vertical push rod 11 until sample is contacted with spherical indenter 14, so as to complete
The fixation in the horizontal and vertical direction of sample.
Further, when spherical indenter 14 is with sample contacts, the contact of predetermined load value is applied with by vertical load bar 1
Load, load value can take 2kN..
Step 4: applying vertical load by vertical push rod 11 to fix loading speed to predetermined value and keeps stable.
Step 5: horizontal shear load is applied by the first push rod 21 and the second push rod 31 to fix loading speed, until
Until failure by shear occurs for sample shear surface, off-test.
Entire test process Instrumental records vertical displacement, horizontal direction displacement, vertical load and horizontal direction load etc. in real time
Data, convenient for subsequently carrying out the work of the Data Management Analysis such as the drafting of shear stress-the drift displacement curve.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described above, in order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art this hair
It is bright, it should be apparent that the present invention is not limited to the range of specific embodiment, for those skilled in the art,
As long as various change in the spirit and scope of the present invention that appended claim limits and determines, these variations are aobvious and easy
See, all are using the innovation and creation of present inventive concept in the row of protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cylindrical rock sample straight shear device, which is characterized in that including control box (5), control box (5) symmetrical both sides
First level load lever (2) and the second horizontal load bar (3) are respectively arranged on wall, the upper end of control box (5) is provided with vertically
Load lever (1), the lower end of control box (5) are provided with operation console (4), on operation console (4) with vertical load bar (1) corresponding position
The place of putting is provided with pedestal (41)；
The first level load lever (2) includes the first push rod (21) for being set on control box (5), the first push rod (21) and the
One horizontal base (22) connects, and the front end of first level pedestal (22) is connected by cushion block mounting hole (24) and pop-up cushion block (23)
It connects, is provided with round tray (232) in the middle part of the pop-up cushion block (23), first level pedestal (22) and pop-up cushion block (23)
Middle part corresponding position is provided with centering tag line (233)；
The second horizontal load bar (3) includes the second push rod (31) for being set on control box (5), the second push rod (31) and the
Two horizontal bases (32) connect, and the front end of the second horizontal base (32) is connected by cushion block mounting hole (24) with pushing cushion block (33)
It connects, is provided with round briquetting (331) in the middle part of pushing cushion block (33), the second horizontal base (32) and pushing cushion block (33)
Middle part corresponding position is provided with centering tag line (233)；
Vertical push rod (11) of the vertical load bar (1) including running through control box (5) setting, vertical push rod (11) and wedge
(13) it connects, the lower end of wedge (13) is embedded with spherical indenter (14), and the lower edge of spherical indenter (14) passes through connecting spring
(15) it is connect with wedge (13) lateral wall；The vertical push rod (11) is connect with wedge (13) by connecting rod (16), connecting rod
(16) annular gasket (12) is arranged on.
2. cylindrical rock sample straight shear device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that pop-up cushion block (23) position
Upper grooves (231) are offered at the position of the upside of round tray (232).
3. cylindrical rock sample straight shear device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the circle tray (232)
Half be embedded in pop-up cushion block (23)；Upper grooves (231) vertical cross-section is arc-shaped, upper grooves (231)
Diameter is identical with round tray (232), and centering tag line (233) is provided in upper grooves (231).
4. cylindrical rock sample straight shear device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described pushing cushion block (33) position
Lower recess (332) is offered at the position of the downside of round briquetting (331).
5. cylindrical rock sample straight shear device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the circle briquetting (331)
Half be embedded at and push in cushion block (33)；Lower recess (332) vertical cross-section is arc-shaped, lower recess (332)
Diameter is identical with round briquetting (331), and centering tag line (233) is provided in lower recess (332).
6. cylindrical rock sample straight shear device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the upper grooves (231)
Vertical cross-section radian with lower recess (332) is 170 degree.
7. cylindrical rock sample straight shear device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that vertical push rod (11) bottom
Threaded hole is offered in portion, the connecting rod (16) is the bolt coordinated with threaded hole.
8. cylindrical rock sample straight shear device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the connecting spring (15)
Quantity is six and is distributed in the lower edge of spherical indenter (14).
A kind of 9. cylindrical rock sample staight scissors method, which is characterized in that applied to any cylinder of claim 1 to 8
Shape rock sample straight shear device, includes the following steps：
Step 1: the standard cylindrical rock sample prepared is positioned in control box (5), it is placed in pop-up cushion block (23)
On；
Step 2: pass through the first push rod (21) and the second push rod (31) difference mobile and horizontal first level load lever (2) and second
Horizontal load bar (3) pushes and pushes cushion block (33) pad block (23) direction movement upwards, until sample is with pushing cushion block (33) phase
Contact, pressure pad block (33) is aligned with the centering tag line (233) on the second horizontal base (32) instantly, pop-up cushion block (23) and the
When centering tag line (233) on one horizontal base (22) is also aligned, the fixation of sample horizontal direction is completed；
Step 3: by the mobile vertical load bar (1) of vertical push rod (11) until sample is contacted with spherical indenter (14), so as to complete
Into the fixation of sample vertical direction；
Step 4: applying vertical load by vertical push rod (11) to fix loading speed to predetermined value and keeps stable；
Step 5: horizontal shear load is applied by the first push rod (21) and the second push rod (31) to fix loading speed, in real time
Record load, the delta data of displacement, until failure by shear occurs for sample shear surface, off-test.
10. cylindrical rock sample staight scissors method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the pushing cushion block (33),
When pop-up cushion block (23), spherical indenter (14) are with sample contacts, it is applied with the contact load of predetermined load value.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810220789.XA CN108225946B (en) | 2018-03-16 | 2018-03-16 | Cylindrical rock sample direct shearing device and method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810220789.XA CN108225946B (en) | 2018-03-16 | 2018-03-16 | Cylindrical rock sample direct shearing device and method |
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| CN108225946B CN108225946B (en) | 2023-09-19 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112098236A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-12-18 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | In-situ testing device and testing method for shear strength of concrete-rock mass-spray layer contact surface |
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| CN112964575A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-15 | 四川大学 | Rock shear rheological testing machine under deep ground environment |
| CN112964573A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-15 | 四川大学 | Cylindrical surface direct shear rheological testing machine for cylindrical rock core in deep-ground environment |
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