CN108223659A - Axis spring - Google Patents
Axis spring Download PDFInfo
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- CN108223659A CN108223659A CN201710913487.6A CN201710913487A CN108223659A CN 108223659 A CN108223659 A CN 108223659A CN 201710913487 A CN201710913487 A CN 201710913487A CN 108223659 A CN108223659 A CN 108223659A
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- Prior art keywords
- peripheral surface
- main shaft
- angle
- relative
- axle center
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F3/00—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic
- F16F3/08—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of a material having high internal friction, e.g. rubber
- F16F3/087—Units comprising several springs made of plastics or the like material
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of axis spring,It is with main shaft (1),Outer barrel (2) around main shaft (1),Make three elastomeric layer (4a,4b,4c) and two hard material wall (5a,It 5b) is alternatively laminated and is set to the elastic portion (3) between main shaft (1) and outer barrel (2),In the axis spring,The peripheral surface (1a) of main shaft (1) and the inner peripheral surface (2a) of outer barrel (2) are formed as having relative to axle center (P) each other to the circular conical surface of inclined,The front end (9) of the front end narrow side of the main shaft (1) of peripheral surface (1a) is set to the other parts (10 other than front end (9) than peripheral surface (1a) relative to the angle of inclination (θ 3) of axle center (P),11) relative to the angle of inclination (θ 4 of axle center (P),θ 5) bigger angle.
Description
Technical field
Heavy construction machinery, the preferred axis spring of large ship, especially rolling stock are used as the present invention relates to a kind of,
Specifically, be related to a kind of axis spring as described below, which has main shaft, under the axis direction visual angle of main shaft to enclose
The outer barrel and elastic portion, the elastic portion being equipped with around the state of main shaft make multiple elastomeric layers and one or more hard
Material wall is plugged in a state that the diameter inward-outward direction relative to axle center is alternately laminated between main shaft and outer barrel.
Background technology
This axis spring for example in rolling stock, in order to absorb mitigate its complications driving, it is up and down when impact and
It is plugged between bogie frame and axle sidepiece part.That is, the axis spring as axle box suspension an example, more structure
For in main shaft and between being configured at surrounding outer barrel, two hard material walls and three rubber layers are for concentric and half
Diameter is alternately laminated on direction.
As the tendency of rolling stock axis spring, if it is considered that good riding comfort then it is expected to make elastic layer spring
Constant is softer, if consider load have overload ride when etc. greater weight in the case of resistance to load, it is expected spring constant compared with
Firmly.In order to meet requirement opposite like this, in the past such as Japanese Patent Publication 2014-073726 bulletins (reference Fig. 3,6),
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication 2015-169313 bulletins, the peripheral surface for making main shaft, elastic layer and outer are made
The inner peripheral surface of cylinder is each other to the axis spring of the apsacline of inclined.
By making apsacline, following axis spring can be realized, can obtain cushion stroke more increases, spring constant
Bigger so-called progressive nature generates the good sense by bus that softer spring constant is brought when cushion stroke is smaller, and
It, also being capable of held stationary (Japanese even for the heavy load that harder spring constant is brought and when cushion stroke is larger：It steps on
ん Zhang り imitate く).
Existing technical literature
Patent document
Patent document 1：Japanese Patent Publication 2014-073726 bulletins
Patent document 2：Japanese Patent Publication 2015-169313 bulletins
Invention content
(1) technical problems to be solved
It, also can be in elastic layer if effect makes the load in main shaft and the close direction of outer barrel in such axis spring
Each elastomeric layer acting shear stress and compression stress.Moreover, in the case where being observed with the section of radial direction, in each elasticity
In material layer, respectively, upper inner portion also acts on the power peeled off from main shaft, lower outside portion also acts on and being shelled from hard material wall
The power fallen.In shape, upper inner portion acts on stronger peel force than lower outside portion.This has also obtained the branch of experimental data
It holds.
Therefore, it in the axis spring for actual machine, over time, and is possible to be connected with main shaft periphery face
A problem that position generation of the upper end inner end of innermost elastomeric layer and stripping, the cracking of main shaft.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of axis springs by improving, and improve to disappear by further structure
Except the upper end medial end of the innermost elastomeric layer in elastic portion generates cracking, the possibility removed, and realize durable
The raising of property.
(2) technical solution and advantageous effect
The present invention relates to a kind of axis springs, which is characterized in that has main shaft 1；Outer barrel 2, in the axle center P of the main shaft 1
It is equipped under the visual angle of direction with surrounding the state of the main shaft 1；And elastic portion 3, make multiple elastomeric layer 4a, 4b, 4c
With one or more hard material wall 5a, 5b in a state that the diameter inward-outward direction relative to the axle center P is alternately laminated,
It is plugged between the main shaft 1 and the outer barrel 2, in the axis spring, the peripheral surface 1a of the main shaft 1 and the outer barrel 2
Inner peripheral surface 2a be formed as having relative to the axle center P each other to the circular conical surface of inclined, the peripheral surface 1a's
The front end 9 of the front end narrow side of the main shaft 1 is set to relative to the tilt angle theta 3 of the axle center P than the peripheral surface 1a
The other parts 10,11 other than the front end 9 relative to the tilt angle theta 4 of the axle center P, the angle of 5 biggers of θ.
According to the present invention, the angle of inclination of the front end (the narrow front end face in front end) of the front end narrow side due to making peripheral surface
As the angle of the angle of inclination bigger of the other parts other than front end than peripheral surface, therefore, compared to existing
Axis spring, the upper end inside portion for the innermost elastomeric layer being connected with main shaft expand inwardly.Therefore, make innermost bullet
Property material layer the volume of upper end inside portion expand, stress concentration reduced than the prior art so that generates cracking and main shaft
Stripping a problem that be able to solution and disappear or mitigate.
As a result, being capable of providing a kind of axis spring by improving, improved, and eliminated by further structure
The upper end medial end of the innermost elastomeric layer of elastic portion generates cracking, the possibility removed, and realizes durability
It improves.
Second it is a feature of the present invention that in the axis spring described in technical solution 1, make that the peripheral surface 1a's is described
The base end part 10 of the front end narrow side of main shaft 1 relative to the tilt angle theta 4 of the axle center P be set to than the other parts 10,
The part 11 other than the base end part 10 of the front end narrow side in 11 relative to the axle center P tilt angle theta 5 more
Small, the average angle θ A of the peripheral surface 1a are close to the inner peripheral surface 2a relative to the tilt angle theta 1 of the axle center P.
According to second present invention, make the inclination angle of the base end part (the narrow cardinal extremity face in front end) of the front end narrow side of peripheral surface
Degree is set to the angle of inclination smaller than the part other than the base end part of front end narrow side in other parts, peripheral surface
Average angle is close to the angle of inclination of inner peripheral surface.Therefore, it is possible to provide a kind of axis spring as described below, the periphery with main shaft
Face is compared with the existing axis spring that the inner peripheral surface of outer barrel is mutually the same angle of inclination, can make elasticity during maximum load
Deflection less changes, and can realize softening and the held stationary of spring constant.
Third it is a feature of the present invention that in the axis spring described in technical solution 2, the average angle of the peripheral surface 1a
Degree θ A are set to equal relative to the tilt angle theta 1 of the axle center P with the inner peripheral surface 2a.
According to the present invention of third, since the average angle of peripheral surface is set to equal with the angle of inclination of inner peripheral surface, because
The peripheral surface of elastic deformation amount and main shaft and the inner peripheral surface of outer barrel during the maximum load of this elastic portion are mutually the same inclinations
The existing axis spring of angle is identical, can further reinforcement technique scheme 2 invention generate above-mentioned function and effect.
4th it is a feature of the present invention that in the axis spring described in technical solution 1, the outer barrel 2 is relative to described
The front end narrow side configuration of the peripheral surface 1a of the main shaft 1 on the axle center P directions.
According to the 4th present invention, if outer barrel relative to the inswept in main shaft close main shaft periphery face on axis direction
The axis spring of small side then further can clearly obtain the function and effect that the invention of technical solution 1 generates.
5th it is a feature of the present invention that in the axis spring described in technical solution 2, the outer barrel 2 is relative to described
The front end narrow side configuration of the peripheral surface 1a of the main shaft 1 on the axle center P directions.
According to the 5th present invention, if outer barrel relative to the inswept in main shaft close main shaft periphery face on axis direction
The axis spring of small side then further can clearly obtain the function and effect that the invention of technical solution 2 generates.
6th it is a feature of the present invention that in the axis spring described in technical solution 3, the outer barrel 2 is relative to described
The front end narrow side configuration of the peripheral surface 1a of the main shaft 1 on the axle center P directions.
According to the 6th present invention, if outer barrel relative to the inswept in main shaft close main shaft periphery face on axis direction
The axis spring of small side then further can clearly obtain the function and effect of the invention of technical solution 3.
7th it is a feature of the present invention that in the axis spring described in technical solution 1, the elastomeric layer 4a, 4b,
The first elastomeric layer 4a for being connected with the peripheral surface 1a in 4c cover the narrow side in front end of the peripheral surface 1a and with
The state for reaching the front end narrow side top surface 1t of the main shaft 1 is extended.
8th it is a feature of the present invention that in the axis spring described in technical solution 2, the elastomeric layer 4a, 4b,
The first elastomeric layer 4a for being connected with the peripheral surface 1a in 4c cover the narrow side in front end of the peripheral surface 1a and with
The state for reaching the front end narrow side top surface 1t of the main shaft 1 is extended.
9th it is a feature of the present invention that in the axis spring described in technical solution 3, the elastomeric layer 4a, 4b,
The first elastomeric layer 4a for being connected with the peripheral surface 1a in 4c cover the narrow side in front end of the peripheral surface 1a and with
The state for reaching the front end narrow side top surface 1t of the main shaft 1 is extended.
Tenth it is a feature of the present invention that in the axis spring described in technical solution 4, the elastomeric layer 4a, 4b,
The first elastomeric layer 4a for being connected with the peripheral surface 1a in 4c cover the narrow side in front end of the peripheral surface 1a and with
The state for reaching the front end narrow side top surface 1t of the main shaft 1 is extended.
11st it is a feature of the present invention that in the axis spring described in technical solution 5, the elastomeric layer 4a,
The first elastomeric layer 4a being connected with the peripheral surface 1a in 4b, 4c covers the narrow side in front end of the peripheral surface 1a simultaneously
It is extended with the state for reaching the front end narrow side top surface 1t of the main shaft 1.
It is dozenth it is a feature of the present invention that in the axis spring described in technical solution 6, the elastomeric layer 4a,
The first elastomeric layer 4a being connected with the peripheral surface 1a in 4b, 4c covers the narrow side in front end of the peripheral surface 1a simultaneously
It is extended with the state for reaching the front end narrow side top surface 1t of the main shaft 1.
According to the 7th~12 present invention, due to the narrow side in front end of innermost elastomeric layer covering peripheral surface
And the front end narrow side top surface of main shaft is extended, therefore have the following advantages that：It is advantageous in terms of the antirust of main shaft, and energy
It is enough further reduced and cracking, the possibility removed is generated in the upper end inside portion of innermost elastomeric layer.
13rd it is a feature of the present invention that in the axis spring described in any one of technical solution 1~12, it is described hard
Material wall 5a, 5b is set to than the inner peripheral surface 2a relative to the tilt angle theta 2 of the axle center P relative to the axle center P's
1 smaller angle of tilt angle theta.
According to the 13rd present invention, a kind of axis spring is capable of providing, in smaller cushion stroke initial stage or first half
Easily soften spring constant in portion, do not reduce resistance to maximum load and can realize the improvement of riding comfort.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the vertical view of the axis spring of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view along the axis spring of " preceding-axle center P- is right " exploded chart 1.
Fig. 3 is the figure for the relation curve chart for showing load and displacement.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, the embodiment of the axis spring of the present invention is illustrated with axis spring with rolling stock with reference to attached drawing.
(embodiment 1)
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, rolling stock is configured to have with axis spring (hereinafter referred to as axis spring) A：Main shaft 1, tool
There is the outer barrel 2 of the longitudinal axis center P of (or can also be roughly the same) mutually the same with main shaft 1 and be plugged in main shaft 1 and outer barrel
Elastic portion 3 between 2.Elastic portion 3 make make three layers elastic layer 4 and two layers of intermediate hard cylinder 5 relative to axle center P with concentric
The laminated latex structure that state (or may be substantially concentric) is alternately laminated to diameter inward-outward direction, and it is formed in master
Between axis 1 and outer barrel 2.
Here, in Fig. 1, the through hole 6,7 for being formed in elastic layer 4 will be linked and the direction of the line segment of axle center P is defined as
The direction of a pair of of threaded hole 1g, 1g for linking the lower end for being formed in main shaft 1 are defined as front and rear by left and right.Also, in fig. 2,
Using the main shaft 1 with axle center P as benchmark, front end narrow side is defined as according to the shape of main shaft 1, butt is expanded into side
(opposite side of front end narrow side) is defined as down.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, main shaft 1 is made of metal, is formed as with epiconus 1A, flange part 1B, lower part vertical tube part 1C
Tubular axis, wherein, there is the epiconus 1A multistage being made of multistage (plural grade) circular conical surface of the narrow shape in top (to answer
Several levels) tilt peripheral surface 1a；The flange part 1B has the big peripheral surface 1b of maximum diameter, and connects on the downside of epiconus 1A
It is continuous；The lower part vertical tube part 1C has the thinner small peripheral surface 1c of diameter, and continuous in the downside of flange part 1B.
The hollow portion 1d of the upper end opening centered on the P of axle center is formed on epiconus 1A, hollow portion 1d extensions are set
It puts to the centre position up and down of lower part vertical tube part 1C.In lower part vertical tube part 1C, be formed with thin footpath vertical hole 1f and threaded hole 1g,
1g, wherein, the thin footpath vertical hole 1f has axle center P and lower ending opening, and described threaded hole 1g, 1g are indulged with being respectively arranged at thin footpath
The state of the both sides of hole 1f is formed.These thin footpath vertical hole 1f and threaded hole 1g, 1g are open in the funnel-form bottom surface 1e of hollow portion 1d.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, outer barrel 2 be made of metal, have by lower part expand shape circular conical surface form inclination inner peripheral surface 2a,
The upper surface 2c of inner peripheral surface 2b and annular shape are continuously fitted into the upside for tilting inner peripheral surface 2a, outer barrel 2 is formed as vertical section
Shape is in the cartridge unit of " Ha " shape.Outer barrel 2 with axle center P is configured relative to main shaft 1 close to upside (front end narrow side).
That is, so that the height level of the height level of the upper end of main shaft 1 and the lower end of outer barrel 2 is roughly the same mode, make
Outer barrel 2 is close to upside.
In outer barrel 2, the angle of inclination relative to axle center P for tilting inner peripheral surface 2a is set to first angle θ 1.First
Angle, θ 1 is set as such as 10 degree (or 10 degree ± 5 degree) or angle in addition to this.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, elastic portion 3 by by elastic layer 4 and intermediate hard cylinder 5 with inside and outside the diameter relative to axle center P
The state that direction is alternately laminated is plugged in be formed between main shaft 1 and outer barrel 2, wherein, the elastic layer 4 is for ring-type and by three
A rubber layer (an example of elastomeric layer) 4a, 4b, 4c are formed；The intermediate hard cylinder 5 is for made of metal or sheet metal and by two
A annular ring (an example of hard material wall) 5a, 5b are formed.Elastic layer 4 have since interior radially inner rubber layer 4a, in
Rubber layer 4b, outer rubber layer 4c.Inner rubber layer 4a has from the big of the upper surface of diameter outer side covering main shaft 1 (omitting reference numeral)
Partial film section 4h.Hard cylinder 5 has annular circle 5a, outer ring circle 5b since interior radially among top.
Elastic layer 4 and intermediate hard cylinder 5 are tilted relative to axle center P to the identical directions of inner peripheral surface 2a that tilt with outer barrel 2.
Also, inner and outer each annular ring 5a, 5b is set to more smaller than first angle θ 1 relative to the inclined second angle θ 2 of axle center P
Angle.
About second angle θ 2, such as then it is set as 7.5 degree when first angle θ 1 is 10 degree.In addition to this, (θ 1-1.5
)≤θ 2≤(θ 1-7.5 degree) is spent, preferably (θ 1-2.5 degree)≤θ 2≤(θ 1-4.5 degree) can also be angle in addition to this
It spends (1 ＞ θ 2 of θ).
In fig. 2, represent that the auxiliary line c and the auxiliary line d of outer ring circle 5b of annular circle 5a are with double arrows label
It is mutually parallel.
In inner rubber layer 4a, middle rubber layer 4b and outer rubber layer 4c, the thickness (thickness of radial direction) of their lower end
All same (or roughly the same) each other.In fig. 2, it is configured to, elastic portion 3 is indicated by the arrow Z matches set direction (relative to axis
The extending direction radially of heart P), the lower end of each rubber layer 4a~4c in arrow Z-direction it is of same size (or substantially
It is identical).
By making two annular rings 5a, 5b to the angle tilt erected relative to inner peripheral surface 2a is tilted, and as outer rubber
The thickness of the thickness ＜ inner rubber layer 4a upper ends of rubber layer 4b upper ends in the thickness ＜ of layer 4c upper ends.In addition, annular
5a is enclosed relative to main shaft 1 close to upside (front end narrow side), outer ring circle 5b is relative to annular circle 5a close to upside (inswept
Small side), outer barrel 2 is relative to outer ring circle 5b close to upside (front end narrow side).
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, in outer rubber layer 4c and middle rubber layer 4b, each pair being configured in the lateral direction runs through
Hole 6,7 is formed with upper and lower breakthrough status.If it as shown in Figure 1, draws the width direction end (phase of outer each through hole 6,7 in
For the circumferential end of axle center P) link and across axle center P auxiliary line f, g, then the width angle of each through hole 6,7 is each other
The 7th equal angle, θ 7.7th angle, θ 7 is front and rear according to equal angular distribution.Each through hole 6,7 remains rubber radially
Glued membrane 4g and the width with the approximately radial width of rubber layer 4c, 4b.Rubber membrane 4g contributes to outer barrel 2 and each centre hard
The antirust of matter cylinder 5,5.
Main shaft 1 is described in detail.As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the multistage peripheral surface 1a of main shaft 1 is formed as with multistage
The peripheral surface for making front end narrow is tilted, multistage peripheral surface 1a has：Before the third angle θ 3 than 1 biggers of first angle θ
Hold narrow front end face (front end of front end narrow side) 9, with narrower than the front end of 1 smaller fourth angle θ 4 of first angle θ
Cardinal extremity face (base end part of front end narrow side) 10, the narrow median surface in front end with fiveth angle, θ 5 more slightly smaller than first angle θ 1
(part other than the base end part 10 of front end narrow side in other parts 10,11) 11.
In fig. 2, fourth angle θ 4 be 0 degree (parallel with axle center P), the narrow cardinal extremity face 10 in front end be formed as diameter centainly
Cylindrical surface.
Multistage peripheral surface 1a and inner peripheral surface 2a is formed as having relative to axle center P each other to the circular conical surface of inclined
(tilting inner peripheral surface 2a, the narrow front end face 9 in front end, the narrow median surface 11 in front end).Front end as the front end in peripheral surface 1a
Narrow front end face 9 is set to relative to the tilt angle theta 3 of axle center P than as other portions other than the narrow front end face 9 in front end
The narrow median surface 11 in the narrow cardinal extremity face 10 in front end and front end divided is respectively relative to the angle of the tilt angle theta 4 of axle center P, 5 biggers of θ
It spends (3 ＞ θ 4 of θ and 3 ＞ θ 5 of θ).
Moreover, make the narrow cardinal extremity face 10 in front end relative to axle center P tilt angle theta 4 than in other parts 10,11 in addition to
The narrow median surface 11 in part, that is, front end other than the narrow cardinal extremity face 10 in front end as base end part relative to axle center P angle of inclination
5 smallers of θ.Therefore, the average angle θ A of multistage peripheral surface 1a are close to tilting angle of inclination i.e. the of the inner peripheral surface 2a relative to axle center P
One angle, θ 1.For example, θ 3=32.5 degree, θ 4=0 degree, θ 5=7.5 degree (=θ 2).
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the inner rubber layer (first being connected with multistage peripheral surface 1a in elastomeric layer 4a, 4b, 4c
An example of elastomeric layer) 4a has film section 4h, the narrow side in front end of the multistage peripheral surface 1a of film section 4h coverings and with
The state for reaching the front end narrow side top surface 1t of main shaft 1 is extended.In addition, the narrow cardinal extremity face 10 in front end is cylindrical surface, but by
It is tilted in the narrow median surface 11 of the narrow front end face 9 in front end and front end, therefore multistage peripheral surface 1a can be described as relatively as a whole
In axle center P, with tilting inner peripheral surface 2a each other to equidirectional inclined inclination peripheral surface.
In axis spring A, if to 2 used load of outer barrel, on the direction that elastic portion 3 declines in outer barrel 2 relative to main shaft 1
Flexible deformation is simultaneously hung.For the elastic portion 3 by multistage peripheral surface 1a and the 2a clampings of inclination inner peripheral surface, other than shear-type load
Compressive load is also acted on, on the basis of this structure, can be obtained as the load in axle center P directions increases and makes elastic portion 3
Spring constant also increased nonlinear characteristic, so-called progressive nature.
Since two annular rings 5a, 5b being made to become than tilting inner peripheral surface 2a (or than tilting inner peripheral surface 2a and multistage periphery
Face 1a) angle that more erects, therefore when effect have make outer barrel 2 and main shaft 1 axle center P side upwardly close to direction load when,
Compared with the elastic portion (two annular rings 5a, 5b are mutually the same angle with tilting inner peripheral surface 2a) of existing structure, make conduct
The maximum load condition of elastic portion 3 is constant, and can become the increase degree of the whole spring constant as elastic portion 3
Gently.
In elastic layer 4, for the load in axle center P directions, elastic position is carried out due to fingerprinting stress and compression resistant power both sides
It moves, about middle rubber layer 4b, (tilt angle theta 2 of annular ring 5a, 5b are equal to the inclination angle of inclination inner peripheral surface 2a with existing structure
Spend the structure of θ 1) it compares, the ratio increase of fingerprinting stress, as load increases, the increased degree, that is, progressive nature of spring constant
Slow down.Inner rubber layer 4a, outer rubber layer 4c are also influenced by unilateral angle of inclination (θ 2) standing, although progressive nature is not so good as in
The degree of rubber layer 4b, but become flat compared with existing structure.Due to the inside and outside angle of inclination (θ 1) as elastic portion 3 with
It is as before, therefore increase in load that stroke is latter half of or close in the state of boundary, and progressive nature becomes bigger than previous.
Therefore, maximum displacement during maximum load as elastic portion 3 can be as in the past.
Load of the elastic portion 3 in axis spring relative to the relationship of the displacement of the load in axle center P directions is illustrated that in Fig. 3
An example of the curve graph of lotus-displacement.Line (a) represents the angle of inclination of annular ring 5a, 5b with tilting in peripheral surface 1a and inclination
The curve graph of the load-displacement amount of existing axis spring identical circumferential surface 2a, line (b) represent the application axis spring A load-
The curve graph of displacement.Curve graph according to fig. 3 is it is found that in the axis spring of existing axis spring and embodiment 1, although most
Displacement during big load is identical, but displacement during about a certain load, this side of the axis spring of embodiment 1 is larger,
That is, spring constant becomes smaller.
The tilt angle theta 3 of the narrow front end face 9 in front end is made to be set as 5 bigger of tilt angle theta of narrower than front end median surface 11
Angle, upper end inside portion the expanding more inwardly than the prior art of inner rubber layer 4a.Therefore, it is possible to provide a kind of durability warp
Improved axis spring A is crossed, the stress concentration of the widened upper end inside portion of volume is reduced than the prior art, in interior rubber
A problem that cracking, stripping with main shaft 1 are generated on the inside of the upper end of glue-line 4a is eliminated or mitigates, and can make for a long time
With etc..
Due to inner rubber layer 4a there is the narrow side in front end of the multistage peripheral surface 1a of covering and to reach the main shaft 1 before
The film section 4h that the state of end narrow side top surface 1t is extended, therefore with advantageous in terms of the antirust of main shaft 1 and can be more
The advantages of further mitigating above-mentioned cracking, stripping.
Moreover, because make the periphery certain for diameter as the narrow cardinal extremity face 10 in the front end of the lower end of multistage peripheral surface 1a
Face rather than circular conical surface, therefore compared with prior art, can be inhibited the diameter of main shaft 1 and easily make, therefore,
Help to reduce cost and mitigate weight.In addition, as a result, i.e. by setting relative to the narrow front end face of 1 forward ends of first angle θ
The 9 narrow cardinal extremity face 10 in the inclined front end of opposite side can make angle of inclination as multistage peripheral surface 1a entirety close to first
Angle, θ 1 makes elastic deformation amount during maximum load same as the prior art.
(embodiment 2)
The axis spring A of embodiment 2 has slightly in addition to the angle of inclination of multistage peripheral surface 1a, length and embodiment 1
Other than difference, remaining is identical with the axis spring A of embodiment 1.The structures different from embodiment 1 are multistage peripheral surface 1a
Average angle θ A be set to tilt inner peripheral surface 2a it is equal relative to the angle of inclination i.e. first angle θ 1 of axle center P.
That is, as shown in Fig. 2, the width x length relative to arrow Z of the elastic layer 4 at the narrow front end face 9 in front end is set
It is set as w10, front end is narrow for w9, by the width x length relative to arrow Z of the elastic layer 4 at the narrow cardinal extremity face 10 in front end
In the case that the width x length relative to arrow Z of elastic layer 4 at median surface 11 is set as w11, formula 1 is formed：θ3×w9+
The state of 1 × (w9+w10+w11) of θ 4 × w10+ θ 5 × w11 ≒ θ.
Elastic portion 3 with set direction Z be in diameter inward-outward direction by three respective upper surfaces of rubber layer 4a, 4b, 4c that
The upper line segment of this connection is opposite by lower surface lower line segment connected to each other in diameter inward-outward direction relative to the angle of axle center P
In the average angle of the angle of axle center P.
Upper line segment can be defined as below：It will be most recessed downwards in three respective upper surfaces of rubber layer 4a, 4b, 4c
The line segment of position connection, alternatively, by each end inside and outside the diameter for making each upper surface with most downwards after recessed point equalization
The obtained line segment of imaginary positions connection.
Lower line segment can be defined as below：By most recessed position upward in three respective lower surfaces of rubber layer 4a, 4b, 4c
Put the line segment of connection, alternatively, by each end inside and outside the diameter for making each lower surface with most upward after recessed point equalization
The line segment of imaginary positions connection arrived.
Also, as shown in Fig. 2, by respectively with each face 9 of peripheral surface 1a, the substantial thickness of 10,11 integrated elastic layers 4
It is defined relative to width x length w9, w10, w11 of arrow Z.
As shown in Fig. 2, due to 1 ＜ θ 3 of θ, 1 ＞ θ 4 of θ, 1 ＞ θ 5 of θ, formula 1 can also show as formula 2：(θ3-θ1)×w9
≒(θ1-θ4)×w10+(θ1-θ5)×w11.For example, as θ 1=10 degree, θ 3=33.3 degree, θ 4=0 degree, θ 5=7.5 degree, w9=
6th, when w10=11, w11=12, (33.3-10) × 6=139.8, (10-0) × 11=110, (10-7.5) × 12=30, therefore
139.8 ≒ 140 (110+30), if less than ± 1 degree degree, it can be said that into equal.
Width x length w9, w10, w11 of elastic layer 4 be consider elastic portion 3 gradient and with each peripheral surface 9,10,11 pairs
The length of the width of essence answered.It is, three peripheral surfaces 9,10,11 for forming the multistage peripheral surface 1a of main shaft 1 are set as
Summation, that is, arithmetic average angle, θ A (or roughly equal) equal with θ 1 of their length and angle.
In this way, by suitably setting the 3~θ of angle, θ 5 and corresponding each width x length w9~w11 of third~the 5th, so as to
It can realize main shaft 1 as described below, which is set as the arithmetic average angle, θ A of multistage peripheral surface 1a and first angle θ 1
It is equal.Thereby, it is possible to be expert at, Cheng Qian's half portion than more softens in the past, and maximum load when making the maximum displacement of elastic portion 3
(with reference to Fig. 3) identical with existing axis spring.
＜ other embodiments ＞
For example, although illustration omitted, but it is also possible to be the axis spring A for having following main shaft 1, the main shaft 1 has by straight
The multistage peripheral surface 1a or the master that the two-stage of the narrow front end face 9 in the narrow cardinal extremity face 10 in front end and front end of barrel shape is formed
The average angle θ A of the peripheral surface 1a of the two-stage of axis 1 are identical or close with first angle θ 1.Alternatively, it is also possible to being such as lower axle bullet
Spring A, has the main shaft 1 with multistage peripheral surface, which includes the narrow front end face 9 in front end inside in more than level Four
It tilts.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of axis spring, has：
Main shaft；
Outer barrel is equipped under the axis direction visual angle of the main shaft with surrounding the state of the main shaft；And
Elastic portion makes multiple elastomeric layers and one or more hard material wall into the diameter relative to the axle center
In a state that outer direction is alternately laminated, it is plugged between the main shaft and the outer barrel, in the axis spring,
The inner peripheral surface of the peripheral surface of the main shaft and the outer barrel is formed as having relative to the axle center each other to identical side
To inclined circular conical surface,
The front end of the front end narrow side of the main shaft of the peripheral surface is set to compare relative to the angle of inclination in the axle center
The other parts other than the front end of the peripheral surface relative to the angle of inclination bigger in the axle center angle.
2. axis spring according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The base end part of the front end narrow side of the main shaft of the peripheral surface is made to be set to relative to the angle of inclination in the axle center
Than the part other than the base end part of the front end narrow side in the other parts relative to the inclination angle in the axle center
Smaller is spent, the average angle of the peripheral surface is close to the inner peripheral surface relative to the angle of inclination in the axle center.
3. axis spring according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The average angle of the peripheral surface is set to equal relative to the angle of inclination in the axle center with the inner peripheral surface.
4. axis spring according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The front end narrow side configuration of the peripheral surface of the outer barrel relative to the main shaft on the axis direction.
5. axis spring according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The front end narrow side configuration of the peripheral surface of the outer barrel relative to the main shaft on the axis direction.
6. axis spring according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
The front end narrow side configuration of the peripheral surface of the outer barrel relative to the main shaft on the axis direction.
7. axis spring according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The first elastomeric layer being connected with the peripheral surface in the elastomeric layer covers the inswept of the peripheral surface
Small side is simultaneously extended with reaching the state of the front end narrow side top surface of the main shaft.
8. axis spring according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The first elastomeric layer being connected with the peripheral surface in the elastomeric layer covers the inswept of the peripheral surface
Small side is simultaneously extended with reaching the state of the front end narrow side top surface of the main shaft.
9. axis spring according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
The first elastomeric layer being connected with the peripheral surface in the elastomeric layer covers the inswept of the peripheral surface
Small side is simultaneously extended with reaching the state of the front end narrow side top surface of the main shaft.
10. axis spring according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
The first elastomeric layer being connected with the peripheral surface in the elastomeric layer covers the inswept of the peripheral surface
Small side is simultaneously extended with reaching the state of the front end narrow side top surface of the main shaft.
11. axis spring according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
The first elastomeric layer being connected with the peripheral surface in the elastomeric layer covers the inswept of the peripheral surface
Small side is simultaneously extended with reaching the state of the front end narrow side top surface of the main shaft.
12. axis spring according to claim 6, which is characterized in that
The first elastomeric layer being connected with the peripheral surface in the elastomeric layer covers the inswept of the peripheral surface
Small side is simultaneously extended with reaching the state of the front end narrow side top surface of the main shaft.
13. the axis spring according to any one of claim 1~12, which is characterized in that
The hard material wall is set to than the inner peripheral surface relative to the angle of inclination in the axle center relative to the axle center
The smaller angle in angle of inclination.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016-248406 | 2016-12-21 | ||
| JP2016248406A JP6789094B2 (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | Shaft spring |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108223659A true CN108223659A (en) | 2018-06-29 |
| CN108223659B CN108223659B (en) | 2019-12-27 |
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ID=62655378
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710913487.6A Active CN108223659B (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2017-09-30 | Shaft spring |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6789094B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN108223659B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109027084A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-12-18 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Split type cluster spring |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2023002044A (en) | 2021-06-22 | 2023-01-10 | ニッタ化工品株式会社 | Axle spring |
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| DE10301756A1 (en) * | 2003-01-18 | 2004-07-29 | Carl Freudenberg Kg | Layer spring and method for its production |
| US20040173955A1 (en) * | 2002-06-12 | 2004-09-09 | Michael Groth | Elastomer spring especially for rail vehicles |
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| JP2015169313A (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2015-09-28 | 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 | Axle spring |
| CN105987177A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-10-05 | 东洋橡胶工业株式会社 | Axle spring |
| CN105987114A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-10-05 | 东洋橡胶工业株式会社 | Axle spring with fireproof cover |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040173955A1 (en) * | 2002-06-12 | 2004-09-09 | Michael Groth | Elastomer spring especially for rail vehicles |
| DE10301756A1 (en) * | 2003-01-18 | 2004-07-29 | Carl Freudenberg Kg | Layer spring and method for its production |
| US20050206054A1 (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2005-09-22 | Tokai Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Vibration damping bushing |
| US20090218740A1 (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2009-09-03 | Volker Gedenk | Highly elastic leaf spring |
| JP2014073726A (en) * | 2012-10-03 | 2014-04-24 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Railway vehicle truck including axle spring |
| JP2015169313A (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2015-09-28 | 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 | Axle spring |
| CN105987177A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-10-05 | 东洋橡胶工业株式会社 | Axle spring |
| CN105987114A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-10-05 | 东洋橡胶工业株式会社 | Axle spring with fireproof cover |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109027084A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-12-18 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Split type cluster spring |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2018100762A (en) | 2018-06-28 |
| JP6789094B2 (en) | 2020-11-25 |
| CN108223659B (en) | 2019-12-27 |
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