CN108220709A - A kind of manufacturing method of 180 aluminium alloy extrusions - Google Patents
A kind of manufacturing method of 180 aluminium alloy extrusions Download PDFInfo
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- CN108220709A CN108220709A CN201611155099.8A CN201611155099A CN108220709A CN 108220709 A CN108220709 A CN 108220709A CN 201611155099 A CN201611155099 A CN 201611155099A CN 108220709 A CN108220709 A CN 108220709A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of manufacturing method of 180 aluminium alloy extrusions, it is related to the manufacturing method of aluminium alloy extrusions.The technical issues of alloy cast ingot intensity is unstable, yield strength is low, low cross-intensity, elongation percentage is low, antiseptic property is poor and plasticity is poor existing for the aluminium alloy extrusions prepared the present invention is to solve existing method.The preparation method of the present invention is as follows:First, raw material are weighed;2nd, molten aluminium alloy is prepared;3rd, aluminium alloy round cast ingot is prepared;4th, homogenizing annealing is carried out;5th, the aluminium alloy extrusions of hot extrusion molding is prepared;6th, 180 aluminium alloy extrusions are prepared.The tensile strength of 180 aluminium alloy extrusions prepared by the present invention is 310 ~ 380MPa, and yield strength is 200 ~ 236MPa, and elongation percentage is 16.0 ~ 20.0A, can be applied to ship domain as the ideal material of Ship Structure and warship radar etc..
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacturing methods of aluminium alloy extrusions.
Background technology
Al-Mg line aluminium alloys are non-heat treated enhanced type aluminium alloy, and tool has disadvantages that:1st, since magnesium is the main of alloy
Component, ingot crack is big, easily forms oxide, and Mg easy scaling loss during founding, alloying component proportioning is difficult to control, causes to close
Golden ingot casting intensity is unstable;2nd, since precipitation item forming core is difficult, core is few, and precipitation item size is big, and timeliness effect is poor, thus alloy
Yield strength is low, is generally only 160~200Mpa, and low cross-intensity is generally only 310Mpa, and elongation percentage is low, only
16.0A;3rd, magnesium is in preferentially anode item Mg5Al8Or Mg5Al3In grain boundary precipitate, intercrystalline crack and stress are generated so as to there is alloy
The tendency of corrosion, antiseptic property are poor;4th, impurity content is big, and plasticity is poor.
180 aluminium alloys are on the basis of the non-heat treated enhanced type aluminium alloy of Al-Mg systems, add suitable Mn, Cr, Ti and Be
Element and a kind of new alloy for strictly controlling Fe+Si impurity contents and developing.The alloy has medium room temperature intensity, well
Sea water corrosion resistant and the Comprehensive Characteristics such as welding performance, be used primarily in ship domain, be manufacture Ship Structure and warship thunder
Up to the ideal material waited, there is facilitation to marine ships army industrial expansion.
Invention content
Alloy cast ingot intensity existing for the aluminium alloy extrusions prepared the present invention is to solve existing method is unstable, surrender is strong
The technical issues of low, low cross-intensity, elongation percentage are low, antiseptic property is poor and plasticity is poor is spent, so as to provide a kind of 180 aluminium alloys
The manufacturing method of section bar.
A kind of manufacturing method of 180 aluminium alloy extrusions of the present invention carries out according to the following steps:
First, it is Mg by each element mass percent:4.70%~5.50%, Mn:0.50%~1.00%, Cr:0.05%~
0.20%th, Ti:0.03~0.15%, Be:0.0001%~0.0015%, Zn:≤ 0.25%, Cu:≤ 0.10%, Fe+Si:≤
0.40%th, single impurity:≤ 0.05%, add up to impurity:≤ the 0.15% and Al of surplus weighs fine aluminium ingot, magnesium ingot, aluminium manganese respectively
Intermediate alloy, aluminium chromium hardener, Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy and aluminium beryllium intermediate alloy;
2nd, the metal that step 1 weighs is added in smelting furnace and carries out melting, smelting temperature is 700~750 DEG C, smelting time
For 3~5h, molten aluminium alloy is obtained;
3rd, by molten aluminium alloy obtained in step 2 casting temperature be 715 DEG C~730 DEG C, casting speed be 20~
It is cast under conditions of 85mm/min, obtains aluminium alloy round cast ingot;
4th, it after the aluminium alloy round cast ingot obtained in step 3 cooling, prescinding, is placed in annealing furnace and is heated to 460~480
DEG C, and keep the temperature for 24 hours, it comes out of the stove air-cooled, carries out homogenizing annealing;
5th, the aluminium alloy round cast ingot for passing through homogenizing annealing in step 4 is placed in air-heating furnace and heated, heating temperature
3h, then the tool and mould hot extrusion molding by preheating in advance are kept the temperature after reaching 400~450 DEG C, the aluminium for obtaining hot extrusion molding closes
Metal type material;
6th, the aluminium alloy extrusions of the hot extrusion molding of step 5 by stretcher leveling, crop end, roller is rectified and is manually aligned, obtained
To 180 aluminium alloy extrusions.
The present invention includes following effect:
1st, 180 alloys that prepare of the present invention be on the basis of the non-heat treated enhanced type aluminium alloy of Al-Mg systems, add suitable Mn,
Cr, Ti and Be element and a kind of alloy for strictly controlling Fe+Si impurity contents and developing;
2nd, 180 alloys prepared by the present invention add in Mn, and magnesium precipitate item can be made uniform, improve the corrosion stability of alloy, particularly anti-to answer
The ability of power corrosion cracking, the effect for not only improving alloy strength is bigger than magnesium, and can ensure that alloy has higher stabilization
Property, often increase 1%Mg into aluminium, can make intensity improve about 35MPa, and the manganese for adding in same amount can then make intensity improve about 65~
70MPa, effect are almost twice;The recrystallization temperature of alloy is improved, prevents grain coarsening;Manganese content can make Mg below 1%
Solubility in the base reduces, and reduces crack tendence;
3rd, the effect of Cr is similar to Mn's in 180 alloys prepared by the present invention, improves stress corrosion dehiscence resistant ability, improves matrix
Metal and weldquality reduce weld crack tendency, but its content is no more than 0.35%, and with regard to strengthening for effect, Cr is not so good as Mn,
If two elements add in simultaneously, effect is bigger than single addition;
4th, Be is added in 180 alloys prepared by the present invention, the crackle tendency of ingot casting can be reduced, while reduce the scaling loss of magnesium, and
The oxide that material surface is formed in heating process can also be reduced;
5th, a small amount of Ti, mainly crystal grain thinning are added in 180 alloys prepared by the present invention;
6th, the Fe+Si impurity contents added in 180 alloys prepared by the present invention are less than 0.4%, can enhance the plasticity of alloy.
7th, the comprehensive performance of 180 alloys prepared by the present invention:Tensile strength is 310~380MPa, yield strength for 200~
236MPa, elongation percentage are 16.0~20.0A.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment one:In present embodiment a kind of manufacturing method of 180 aluminium alloy extrusions be according to the following steps into
Capable:
First, it is Mg by each element mass percent:4.70%~5.50%, Mn:0.50%~1.00%, Cr:0.05%~
0.20%th, Ti:0.03~0.15%, Be:0.0001%~0.0015%, Zn:≤ 0.25%, Cu:≤ 0.10%, Fe+Si:≤
0.40%th, single impurity:≤ 0.05%, add up to impurity:≤ the 0.15% and Al of surplus weighs fine aluminium ingot, magnesium ingot, aluminium manganese respectively
Intermediate alloy, aluminium chromium hardener, Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy and aluminium beryllium intermediate alloy;
2nd, the metal that step 1 weighs is added in smelting furnace and carries out melting, smelting temperature is 700~750 DEG C, smelting time
For 3~5h, molten aluminium alloy is obtained;
3rd, by molten aluminium alloy obtained in step 2 casting temperature be 715 DEG C~730 DEG C, casting speed be 20~
It is cast under conditions of 85mm/min, obtains aluminium alloy round cast ingot;
4th, it after the aluminium alloy round cast ingot obtained in step 3 cooling, prescinding, is placed in annealing furnace and is heated to 460~480
DEG C, and keep the temperature for 24 hours, it comes out of the stove air-cooled, carries out homogenizing annealing;
5th, the aluminium alloy round cast ingot for passing through homogenizing annealing in step 4 is placed in air-heating furnace and heated, heating temperature
3h, then the tool and mould hot extrusion molding by preheating in advance are kept the temperature after reaching 400~450 DEG C, the aluminium for obtaining hot extrusion molding closes
Metal type material;
6th, the aluminium alloy extrusions of the hot extrusion molding of step 5 by stretcher leveling, crop end, roller is rectified and is manually aligned, obtained
To 180 aluminium alloy extrusions.
Present embodiment includes following effect:
1st, 180 alloys prepared by present embodiment are on the basis of the non-heat treated enhanced type aluminium alloy of Al-Mg systems, and addition is suitable
Mn, Cr, Ti and Be element and a kind of new alloy for strictly controlling Fe+Si impurity contents and developing;
2nd, 180 alloys prepared by present embodiment add in Mn, and magnesium precipitate item can be made uniform, improve the corrosion stability of alloy, particularly
The ability of stress corrosion dehiscence resistant, the effect for not only improving alloy strength is bigger than magnesium, and it is higher to can ensure that alloy has
Stability often increases 1%Mg into aluminium, and intensity can be made to improve about 35MPa, and the manganese for adding in same amount can then make intensity improve about 65
~70Mpa, effect are almost twice;The recrystallization temperature of alloy is improved, prevents grain coarsening;Manganese content can make below 1%
The solubility of Mg in the base reduces, and reduces crack tendence;
3rd, the effect of Cr is similar to Mn's in 180 alloys prepared by present embodiment, improves stress corrosion dehiscence resistant ability, improves
Parent metal and weldquality reduce weld crack tendency, but its content is no more than 0.35%, and with regard to strengthening for effect, Cr is not
Such as Mn, if two elements add in simultaneously, effect is bigger than single addition;
4th, Be is added in 180 alloys prepared by present embodiment, the crackle tendency of ingot casting can be reduced, while reduce the scaling loss of magnesium,
And the oxide that material surface is formed in heating process can also be reduced;
5th, a small amount of Ti, mainly crystal grain thinning are added in 180 alloys prepared by present embodiment;
6th, the Fe+Si impurity contents added in 180 alloys prepared by present embodiment are less than 0.4%, can enhance the modeling of alloy
Property.
7th, the comprehensive performance of 180 alloys prepared by present embodiment:Tensile strength is 310~380Mpa, and yield strength is
200~236Mpa, elongation percentage are 16.0~20.0A.
Specific embodiment two:The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that:Smelting temperature is in step 2
750 DEG C, smelting time 5h.Other same as the specific embodiment one
Specific embodiment three:The present embodiment is different from the first and the second embodiment in that:Aluminum alloy round is cast in step 3
The casting temperature of ingot is 720 DEG C, and casting speed is 30~50mm/min.It is other the same as one or two specific embodiments.
Specific embodiment four:Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to three:It will in step 4
Aluminium alloy round cast ingot, which is placed in annealing furnace, is heated to 465~475 DEG C.It is other identical with one of specific embodiment one to three.
Specific embodiment five:Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to four:Aluminium in step 5
The heating temperature of alloy circle ingot casting reaches 420~440 DEG C.It is other identical with one of specific embodiment one to four.
Specific embodiment six:Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to five:Work in step 5
Mold preheating temperature is 450~500 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2h.It is other identical with one of specific embodiment one to five.
Specific embodiment seven:Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to six:Aluminium in step 6
The extensibility of stretcher leveling is 2~3% in alloy circle ingot casting finishing, other identical with one of specific embodiment one to six.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are verified by tests below:
Experiment one:A kind of manufacturing method of 180 aluminium alloy extrusions of this experiment is to realize by the following method:
First, it is Mg by each element mass percent in 180 aluminium alloy extrusions:5.00%th, Mn:0.9%th, Cr:0.10%th, Ti:
0.10%th, Be:0.0008%th, Zn:0.20%th, Cu:0.10%th, Fe+Si:0.35%th, single impurity:0.04%th, add up to impurity:
The 0.13% and Al of surplus ratio, weigh respectively fine aluminium ingot, magnesium ingot, aluminium manganese intermediate alloy, aluminium chromium hardener, among aluminium titanium boron
Alloy, aluminium beryllium intermediate alloy, high magnesium alloy level-one waste material;
2nd, the metal that step 1 weighs is added in smelting furnace and carries out melting, the melting 5h at a temperature of 750 DEG C obtains aluminium conjunction
Golden melt;
3rd, by aluminium alloy solution obtained in step 2 in the condition that casting temperature is 720 DEG C, casting speed is 45mm/min
Under cast, obtain aluminium alloy round cast ingot;
4th, it after the aluminium alloy round cast ingot obtained in step 3 cooling, prescinding, is placed in annealing furnace and is heated to 470 DEG C, and protect
Temperature for 24 hours, is come out of the stove air-cooled, carries out homogenizing annealing;
5th, the aluminium alloy round cast ingot for passing through homogenizing annealing in step 4 is placed in air-heating furnace and heated, heating temperature
3h, then the tool and mould hot extrusion molding by preheating 2h in advance at a temperature of 450 DEG C are kept the temperature after reaching 440 DEG C, obtains hot extrusion
Molding aluminium alloy extrusions;
6th, it is 2~3% stretcher leveling, crop end, roller by extensibility by the aluminium alloy extrusions of the hot extrusion molding of step 5
It rectifys and hand rectifys technique finishing, obtain 180 aluminium alloy extrusions.
The tensile strength of 180 aluminium alloy extrusions prepared by this experiment is 325RM,, yield strength 220RP0.2, elongation percentage is
18A;
180 aluminium alloy extrusions prepared by this experiment add in Mn, and magnesium precipitate item can be made uniform, improve the corrosion stability of alloy, particularly
The ability of stress corrosion dehiscence resistant, the effect for not only improving alloy strength is bigger than magnesium, and it is higher to can ensure that alloy has
Stability;
The Fe+Si impurity contents added in 180 aluminium alloy extrusions prepared by this experiment are less than 0.4%, can enhance the modeling of alloy
Property.
Experiment two:A kind of manufacturing method of 180 aluminium alloy extrusions of this experiment is to realize by the following method:
First, it is Mg by each element mass percent in 180 aluminium alloy extrusions:5.10%th, Mn:0.91%th, Cr:0.12%th, Ti:
0.072%th, Be:0.0006%th, Zn:0.15%th, Cu:0.05%th, Fe+Si:0.23%th, single impurity:0.03%th, add up to miscellaneous
Matter:The 0.12% and Al of surplus ratio weighs fine aluminium ingot, magnesium ingot, aluminium manganese intermediate alloy, aluminium chromium hardener, aluminium titanium boron respectively
Intermediate alloy, aluminium beryllium intermediate alloy, high magnesium alloy level-one waste material;
2nd, the metal that step 1 weighs is added in smelting furnace and carries out melting, the melting 5h at a temperature of 750 DEG C obtains aluminium conjunction
Golden melt;
3rd, by aluminium alloy solution obtained in step 2 in the condition that casting temperature is 720 DEG C, casting speed is 50mm/min
Under cast, obtain aluminium alloy round cast ingot;
4th, it after the aluminium alloy round cast ingot obtained in step 3 cooling, prescinding, is placed in annealing furnace and is heated to 470 DEG C, and protect
Temperature for 24 hours, is come out of the stove air-cooled, carries out homogenizing annealing;
5th, the aluminium alloy round cast ingot for passing through homogenizing annealing in step 4 is placed in air-heating furnace and heated, heating temperature
3h, then the tool and mould hot extrusion molding by preheating 2h in advance at a temperature of 450 DEG C are kept the temperature after reaching 440 DEG C, obtains hot extrusion
Molding aluminium alloy extrusions;
6th, it is 2~3% stretcher leveling, crop end, roller by extensibility by the aluminium alloy extrusions of the hot extrusion molding of step 5
It rectifys and hand rectifys technique finishing, obtain 180 aluminium alloy extrusions.
The tensile strength of 180 aluminium alloy extrusions prepared by this experiment is 360RM,, yield strength 225RP0.2, elongation percentage is
19A;
180 aluminium alloy extrusions prepared by this experiment add in Mn, and magnesium precipitate item can be made uniform, improve the corrosion stability of alloy, particularly
The ability of stress corrosion dehiscence resistant, the effect for not only improving alloy strength is bigger than magnesium, and it is higher to can ensure that alloy has
Stability;
The Fe+Si impurity contents added in 180 aluminium alloy extrusions prepared by this experiment are less than 0.4%, can enhance the modeling of alloy
Property.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of manufacturing method of 180 aluminium alloy extrusions, it is characterised in that the manufacturing method of 180 aluminium alloy extrusions is according to the following steps
It carries out:
First, it is Mg by each element mass percent:4.70%~5.50%, Mn:0.50%~1.00%, Cr:0.05%~
0.20%th, Ti:0.03~0.15%, Be:0.0001%~0.0015%, Zn:≤ 0.25%, Cu:≤ 0.10%, Fe+Si:≤
0.40%th, single impurity:≤ 0.05%, add up to impurity:≤ the 0.15% and Al of surplus weighs fine aluminium ingot, magnesium ingot, aluminium manganese respectively
Intermediate alloy, aluminium chromium hardener, Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy and aluminium beryllium intermediate alloy;
2nd, the metal that step 1 weighs is added in smelting furnace and carries out melting, smelting temperature is 700~750 DEG C, smelting time
For 3~5h, molten aluminium alloy is obtained;
3rd, by molten aluminium alloy obtained in step 2 casting temperature be 715 DEG C~730 DEG C, casting speed be 20~
It is cast under conditions of 85mm/min, obtains aluminium alloy round cast ingot;
4th, it after the aluminium alloy round cast ingot obtained in step 3 cooling, prescinding, is placed in annealing furnace and is heated to 460~480
DEG C, and keep the temperature for 24 hours, it comes out of the stove air-cooled, carries out homogenizing annealing;
5th, the aluminium alloy round cast ingot for passing through homogenizing annealing in step 4 is placed in air-heating furnace and heated, heating temperature
3h, then the tool and mould hot extrusion molding by preheating in advance are kept the temperature after reaching 400~450 DEG C, the aluminium for obtaining hot extrusion molding closes
Metal type material;
6th, the aluminium alloy extrusions of the hot extrusion molding of step 5 by stretcher leveling, crop end, roller is rectified and is manually aligned, obtained
To 180 aluminium alloy extrusions.
A kind of 2. manufacturing method of 180 aluminium alloy extrusions according to claim 1, it is characterised in that melting temperature in step 2
It is 750 DEG C to spend, smelting time 5h.
A kind of 3. manufacturing method of 180 aluminium alloy extrusions according to claim 1, it is characterised in that aluminium alloy in step 3
The casting temperature of circle ingot casting is 720 DEG C, and casting speed is 30~50mm/min.
4. the manufacturing method of a kind of 180 aluminium alloy extrusions according to claim 1, it is characterised in that close aluminium in step 4
Gold circle ingot casting, which is placed in annealing furnace, is heated to 465~475 DEG C.
A kind of 5. manufacturing method of 180 aluminium alloy extrusions according to claim 1, it is characterised in that aluminium alloy in step 5
The heating temperature of circle ingot casting reaches 420~440 DEG C.
A kind of 6. manufacturing method of 180 aluminium alloy extrusions according to claim 1, it is characterised in that tool and mould in step 5
Preheating temperature is 450~500 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2h.
A kind of 7. manufacturing method of 180 aluminium alloy extrusions according to claim 1, it is characterised in that aluminium alloy in step 6
The extensibility of stretcher leveling is 2~3% in circle ingot casting finishing.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110724863A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-01-24 | 东北轻合金有限责任公司 | Large-size high-magnesium rare earth aluminum alloy ingot and preparation method thereof |
CN110777286A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-02-11 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of medium-strength weldable corrosion-resistant scandium-containing high-magnesium aluminum alloy forging |
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CN110724863A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-01-24 | 东北轻合金有限责任公司 | Large-size high-magnesium rare earth aluminum alloy ingot and preparation method thereof |
CN110724863B (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2022-03-29 | 东北轻合金有限责任公司 | Large-size high-magnesium rare earth aluminum alloy ingot and preparation method thereof |
CN110923521A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-03-27 | 河北联之捷焊业科技有限公司 | Special stranded welding wire for aluminum alloy vehicle and preparation process thereof |
CN110777286A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-02-11 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of medium-strength weldable corrosion-resistant scandium-containing high-magnesium aluminum alloy forging |
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