CN108220659B - A kind of TiC/Ti5Si3The preparation method of composite strengthening copper-based electric contact material - Google Patents
A kind of TiC/Ti5Si3The preparation method of composite strengthening copper-based electric contact material Download PDFInfo
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- CN108220659B CN108220659B CN201810118168.0A CN201810118168A CN108220659B CN 108220659 B CN108220659 B CN 108220659B CN 201810118168 A CN201810118168 A CN 201810118168A CN 108220659 B CN108220659 B CN 108220659B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1005—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives
- C22C1/101—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives by coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1005—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives
- C22C1/1015—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives by preparing or treating a non-metallic additive preform
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
- C22C1/1047—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
- C22C1/1052—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites by mixing and casting metal matrix composites with reaction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of TiC/Ti5Si3The preparation method of composite strengthening copper-based electric contact material, the preparation method include raw material preparation, the preparation of graphite coat SiC mixed-powder, the preparation of Cu- graphite coat SiC precast body and TiC/Ti5Si3Reaction synthesis and etc..Preparation process of the present invention is simple, at low cost, high-efficient, the TiC/Ti of preparation5Si3Composite strengthening copper-based electric contact material has high hardness, wear-resisting property and electric conductivity, is suitable for industrialized production and application.Wherein TiC is obtained by the Ti in copper melts with graphite and SiC in-situ reaction, and is near stoichiometric proportion, and stability is good, and partial size is evenly distributed on Copper substrate between 0.5-3.5 μm, the Ti of preparation5Si3In rodlike or en plaque.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to metal material fields, and in particular to a kind of TiC/Ti5Si3Composite strengthening copper-based electric contact material
Preparation method.
Background technique:
The electrical contact element of contact material preparation plays very important effect in instrument and meter, electric switch.It is high
Power transmission and transformation are pressed to develop to large capacity super-pressure, low-voltage distribution system and control system require automatization level, sensitivity level
Raising and the update of electronic industrial products, all put forward new requirements contact material.Ideal contact material
Must have good conductive and heating conduction, mechanical property, electrical contact performance, chemical property and processing performance.Metallic silver
Conductivity is high, thermal conductivity is good, has good inoxidizability etc., and comprehensive physical performance is particularly suitable for preparing contact material,
But silver belongs to noble metal, and scarcity of resources is expensive.Copper is due to high conduction, heating conduction, and price is lower, is substitution
The ideal contact material of silver.But since copper intensity, hardness are low, oxidation resistance is poor, when being used as contact material its
Wear-resistant, anti-ablation and fusion welding resisting ability are insufficient.The mode of industrial alloys in common use and complex intensifying further improves copper
Performance.The QiJun Lei of such as Harbin Institute of Technology has invented a kind of system of growth in situ graphene enhancing copper-based electric contact material
Preparation Method (application number: CN201511009346.9), this method is obtained by the way that copper powder is placed in plasma activated chemical vapour deposition
Graphene/copper composite powder realizes a kind of preparation of growth in situ graphene enhancing copper-based electric contact material, gained electrical contact
Composite material has excellent comprehensive performance.Patent CN201210442488.4 discloses a kind of modified copper-based electricity of nano-oxide
The preparation method of contact material, this method solve nanometer mutually be modified Cu-base composites preparation process in nanometer phase poor dispersion and
The low problem of consistency.Patent CN201710007669.7 discloses a kind of graphene-based contact material of copper and its preparation side
Method, this method are prepared for the graphene-based contact material of copper by pressureless sintering, which has excellent physics and mechanicalness
Can, with the advantages that intensity height, coefficient of friction is low, and wear-resistant polishing machine is good.Currently, copper-based electric contact composite material preparation is more
By the way of reinforced phase and copper powder mixed sintering, the composite material consistency of this method preparation is lower, reinforced phase and matrix circle
Face combine it is poor, limit further increasing for composite property.In comparison, copper melts in-situ reaction synthesis reinforcement increases
Strong Cu-base composites have better performance, but preparation method is also less at present.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of TiC/Ti5Si3The preparation method of composite strengthening copper-based electric contact material.It should
Method and process is simple, at low cost and high-efficient, TiC/Ti5Si3Reinforcement is in-situ reaction synthesis, reinforcement and base in copper melts
Body interface is well combined, and gained composite material consistency is high.
A kind of TiC/Ti5Si3Composite strengthening copper-based electric contact material preparation method, includes the following steps:
(1) raw material preparation: preparation TiC/Ti is got out5Si3Raw material needed for composite strengthening copper-based electric contact material, by matter
Amount percentage weighs, cathode copper 70-97%, titanium sponge 0.25-10%, SiC powder 0.5-8%, graphite powder 0.1-3%, copper powder 1-
15%；
(2) prepared by graphite coat SiC mixed-powder: being first sufficiently mixed graphite powder and a certain amount of SiC powder, then will mix
It closes powder to be placed in ball mill ball milling 2-8 hours, by ball milling refinement SiC to submicron order, and the SiC for obtaining graphite coat is mixed
Close powder.
(3) prepared by Cu- graphite coat SiC precast body: by graphite coat SiC mixed-powder and amount of copper obtained in (2)
Powder mixing, is placed in ball mill ball milling 3-6 hours, obtains copper-graphite coated Si/C mixed-powder.Mixed-powder is pressed into
The prefabricated section of certain shapes；
(4)TiC/Ti5Si3Reaction synthesis: under the protection of argon gas, copper-titanium alloy is placed in Efco-Northrup furnace plus
Then Cu- graphite coat SiC precast body obtained in (3) is pressed into copper-titanium using graphite rod and melted by heat to 1100-1350 DEG C
In body, the 2-4 minutes titaniums made in melt of heat preservation are sufficiently reacted with graphite and SiC, and alloy melt is poured into mold or using it
His method cooled and solidified, extra Ti and Si obtain Ti by eutectic reaction in process of setting5Si3, TiC/ is obtained after solidification
Ti5Si3The copper-based electric contact composite material of composite strengthening.
The TiC/Ti5Si3The preparation method of composite strengthening copper-based electric contact material, the basic principle is that by Cu- graphite
After coated Si/C precast body is added in high temperature copper-titanium melt, the titanium of dissolution is reacted rapidly with graphite therein and is released a large amount of
Heat, further, the titanium of dissolution can be reacted with SiC generates TiC, and the unreacted Ti and Si of solubilised state passes through three in process of setting
First eutectic reaction obtains Ti5Si3, to eliminate influence of the superfluous Ti to conductivity of composite material energy.
The TiC that this method obtains is near stoichiometric proportion TiC, and stability is good, and partial size uniformly divides between 0.5-3.5 μm
Cloth is on Copper substrate；Unreacted Ti obtains Ti by eutectic reaction with Si in process of setting5Si3, obtained Ti5Si3In stick
Shape or en plaque.Its conductivity is between 35%IACS-85%IACS, and as cast condition microhardness is between 115HV-200HV.
TiC enhances the preparation method of copper-based electric contact composite material, in step (1) SiC powder diameter used 15 μm with
Under, graphite powder partial size is at 15 μm hereinafter, copper powder size is at 200 μm or less；The pressure setting pressure of prefabricated section is in step (3)
200-450MPa。
Beneficial technical effect of the invention is as follows:
1, preparation process is simple, at low cost, high-efficient；2, the TiC stability prepared is good, and particle is tiny, is evenly distributed；3,
The TiC/Ti of preparation5Si3Composite strengthening copper-based electric contact material has high hardness, wear-resisting property and electric conductivity；4, it is suitable for
Industrialized production and application.
Specific embodiment
Combined with specific embodiments below, invention is further described.It is noted that following embodiment is only to illustrate this hair
It is bright and not limit the technical scheme described by the invention.All do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention technical solution and its
It improves, is intended to be within the scope of the claims of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
(1) raw material preparation: preparation TiC/Ti is got out5Si3Raw material needed for composite strengthening copper-based electric contact material, by matter
Amount percentage weighs, cathode copper 83.89%, titanium sponge 5.86%, SiC powder 1.43%, graphite powder 0.82%, copper powder 8%；
(2) prepared by graphite coat SiC mixed-powder: being first sufficiently mixed graphite powder and SiC powder, then by mixed-powder
Ball milling 3 hours in ball mill are placed in, by ball milling refinement SiC to submicron order, and obtain the SiC mixed-powder of graphite coat.
(3) prepared by Cu- graphite coat SiC precast body: by graphite coat SiC mixed-powder and copper obtained in step (2)
Powder mixing, is placed in ball milling 2 hours in ball mill, obtains copper-graphite coated Si/C mixed-powder；Mixed-powder is suppressed and is grown up
The prefabricated section of 15mm, width 15mm, high 15mm；
(4)TiC/Ti5Si3Reaction synthesis: under the protection of argon gas, copper-titanium alloy is placed in Efco-Northrup furnace plus
Then Cu- graphite coat SiC precast body obtained in (3) is pressed into copper-titanium using graphite rod and melted by heat to 1100-1250 DEG C
In body, 2 minutes titaniums made in melt of heat preservation are sufficiently reacted with graphite and SiC, and alloy melt is poured into mold or using other
Method cooled and solidified, extra Ti and Si obtains Ti by eutectic reaction in process of setting5Si3, TiC/ is obtained after solidification
Ti5Si3The copper-based electric contact composite material of composite strengthening.
The TiC/Ti5Si3 conductivity of preparation is 68%IACS, and as cast condition microhardness is 142HV.
Embodiment 2:
(1) raw material preparation: preparation TiC/Ti is got out5Si3Raw material needed for composite strengthening copper-based electric contact material, by matter
Amount percentage weighs, cathode copper 77.25%, titanium sponge 7%, SiC powder 3.57%, graphite powder 0.18%, copper powder 12%；
(2) prepared by graphite coat SiC mixed-powder: being first sufficiently mixed graphite powder and SiC powder, then by mixed-powder
Ball milling 5 hours in ball mill are placed in, by ball milling refinement SiC to submicron order, and obtain the SiC mixed-powder of graphite coat.
(3) prepared by Cu- graphite coat SiC precast body: graphite coat SiC mixed-powder obtained in (2) and copper powder is mixed
It closes, is placed in ball milling 4 hours in ball mill, obtains copper-graphite coated Si/C mixed-powder.By mixed-powder suppress growth 15mm,
The prefabricated section of wide 15mm, high 25mm；
(4)TiC/Ti5Si3Reaction synthesis: under the protection of argon gas, copper-titanium alloy is placed in Efco-Northrup furnace plus
Then Cu- graphite coat SiC precast body obtained in step (3) is pressed into copper-using graphite rod to 1150-1350 DEG C by heat
In titanium melt, 4 minutes titaniums made in melt of heat preservation are sufficiently reacted with graphite and SiC, and alloy melt is poured into mold or used
Other methods cooled and solidified, extra Ti and Si obtains Ti by eutectic reaction in process of setting5Si3, TiC/ is obtained after solidification
Ti5Si3The copper-based electric contact composite material of composite strengthening.
The TiC/Ti5Si3 conductivity of preparation is 60%IACS, and as cast condition microhardness is 158HV.
Embodiment 3:
(1) raw material preparation: preparation TiC/Ti is got out5Si3Raw material needed for composite strengthening copper-based electric contact material, by matter
Amount percentage weighs, cathode copper 87.25%, titanium sponge 5%, SiC powder 1.43%, graphite powder 0.32%, copper powder 8%；
(2) prepared by graphite coat SiC mixed-powder: being first sufficiently mixed graphite powder and SiC powder, then by mixed-powder
Ball milling 3 hours in ball mill are placed in, by ball milling refinement SiC to submicron order, and obtain the SiC mixed-powder of graphite coat.
(3) prepared by Cu- graphite coat SiC precast body: by graphite coat SiC mixed-powder and copper obtained in step (2)
Powder mixing, is placed in ball milling 2 hours in ball mill, obtains copper-graphite coated Si/C mixed-powder.Mixed-powder is suppressed and is grown up
The prefabricated section of 15mm, width 15mm, high 12mm；
(4)TiC/Ti5Si3Reaction synthesis: under the protection of argon gas, copper-titanium alloy is placed in Efco-Northrup furnace plus
Then Cu- graphite coat SiC precast body obtained in step (3) is pressed into copper-using graphite rod to 1100-1250 DEG C by heat
In titanium melt, 2 minutes titaniums made in melt of heat preservation are sufficiently reacted with graphite and SiC, and alloy melt is poured into mold or used
Other methods cooled and solidified, extra Ti and Si obtains Ti by eutectic reaction in process of setting5Si3, TiC/ is obtained after solidification
Ti5Si3The copper-based electric contact composite material of composite strengthening.
The TiC/Ti5Si3 conductivity of preparation is 75%IACS, and as cast condition microhardness is 126HV.
Embodiment described above is only that preferred embodiment of the invention is described, and is not carried out to the scope of the present invention
It limits, without departing from the spirit of the design of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art make technical solution of the present invention
Various changes and improvements, should all fall into claims of the present invention determine protection scope in.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of TiC/Ti5Si3The preparation method of composite strengthening copper-based electric contact material, which comprises the steps of:
(1) raw material preparation: weigh by mass percentage: cathode copper 70-97%, titanium sponge 0.25-10%, SiC powder 0.5-8%,
Graphite powder 0.1-3%, copper powder 1-15%；
(2) prepared by graphite coat SiC mixed-powder: graphite powder and SiC powder being sufficiently mixed, mixed-powder is then placed in ball milling
Ball milling 2-8 hours in machine, SiC is refined to submicron order by ball milling, obtains the SiC mixed-powder of graphite coat；
(3) prepared by Cu- graphite coat SiC precast body: graphite coat SiC mixed-powder obtained in step (2) and copper powder is mixed
It closes, is placed in ball mill ball milling 3-6 hours, obtains copper-graphite coated Si/C mixed-powder；Mixed-powder is pressed into centainly
The prefabricated section of shape；
(4)TiC/Ti5Si3Reaction synthesis: under the protection of argon gas, copper-titanium alloy is placed in Efco-Northrup furnace and is heated to
1100-1350 DEG C, it is molten that Cu- graphite coat SiC prefabricated section obtained in step (3) is then pressed into copper-titanium using graphite rod
In body, the 2-4 minutes titaniums made in melt of heat preservation are sufficiently reacted with graphite and SiC, and alloy melt is poured into mold or using it
His method cooled and solidified, extra Ti and Si obtain Ti by eutectic reaction in process of setting5Si3, TiC/ is obtained after solidification
Ti5Si3The copper-based electric contact composite material of composite strengthening.
2. TiC/Ti as described in claim 15Si3The preparation method of composite strengthening copper-based electric contact material, which is characterized in that
TiC reinforced phase reacts acquisition with graphite and SiC by Ti, and extra Ti and Si obtains Ti by eutectic reaction5Si3。
3. TiC/Ti as described in claim 15Si3The preparation method of composite strengthening copper-based electric contact material, which is characterized in that
The SiC powder diameter in raw material at 15 μm hereinafter, graphite powder partial size at 15 μm hereinafter, copper powder size is at 200 μm or less.
4. TiC/Ti as described in claim 15Si3The preparation method of composite strengthening copper-based electric contact material, which is characterized in that
Prefabricated section compression moulding in the pressure setting that pressure is 200-450MPa in step (3).
5. the TiC/Ti as described in claim 1-4 any one5Si3The preparation method of composite strengthening copper-based electric contact material,
It is characterized in that, prepared TiC is near stoichiometric proportion TiC, and stability is good, and partial size is between 0.5-3.5 μm, on Copper substrate
It is evenly distributed, gained Ti5Si3In rodlike or en plaque.
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| CN111485129B (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2021-02-26 | 华北电力大学（保定） | TiC/Ti5Si3 reinforced copper-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113549784B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2022-04-08 | 宁波博威合金板带有限公司 | Silicide enhanced copper-titanium alloy matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
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