CN108201783A - A kind of boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device, system and method - Google Patents

A kind of boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device, system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108201783A
CN108201783A CN201810103798.0A CN201810103798A CN108201783A CN 108201783 A CN108201783 A CN 108201783A CN 201810103798 A CN201810103798 A CN 201810103798A CN 108201783 A CN108201783 A CN 108201783A
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China
Prior art keywords
cathode
boiler smoke
fixed
multiple pollutant
anode
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
冯肇霖
吴少娟
谢逢俊
康奕菁
汤剑飞
冯伟杰
冯业钧
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GUANGZHOU GUANGYI AIR TREATMENT ENGINEERING Co Ltd
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GUANGZHOU GUANGYI AIR TREATMENT ENGINEERING Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810103798.0A priority Critical patent/CN108201783A/en
Publication of CN108201783A publication Critical patent/CN108201783A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
    • B01D53/501—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
    • B01D53/502—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound characterised by a specific solution or suspension
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/60—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/79—Injecting reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/80—Semi-solid phase processes, i.e. by using slurries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/06—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary tube electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/16—Plant or installations having external electricity supply wet type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
    • B03C3/49—Collecting-electrodes tubular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/003—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes for supplying chemicals to fumes, e.g. using injection devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/006—Layout of treatment plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
    • B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
    • B01D2251/2067—Urea
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
    • B01D2251/606—Carbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D2257/404—Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
    • B01D2259/818—Employing electrical discharges or the generation of a plasma

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention proposes a kind of boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device, system and method, described device includes housing, and flue gas Zhu An areas, plasma desulphurization denitration area, dust charged coalescence area, wet-esp mist eliminating zone and flue gas discharge area are divided into from the bottom up in the housing；The system includes the boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device；The method includes denitration, dedusting, desulfurization, deep purifyings.The technique of the present invention from original monotechnics processing Single Pollution object turns to the technique and device of multiple pollutant efficient joint cooperation-removal, realizes dust-removal and desulfurizing denitrification integral deep removal, simplifies technological process, and purification efficiency is high.

Description

A kind of boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device, system and method
Technical field
The invention belongs to fume treatment technical fields, and in particular to a kind of boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment dress It puts, system and method.
Background technology
Last decade, the hundreds billion of members of China's input carry out large-scale flue gas desulfurization improvement, constantly upgrading deduster, Denitration sulfur removal technology, pays huge effort, also obtains corresponding achievement.The direct emission value of flue dust also significantly declines, but In external performance, " blue sky quantity does not rise anti-drop " in China, the atmospheric environments such as haze problem is still very severe.The haze origin cause of formation compared with Complexity, for coal-fired flue-gas discharge impacts, the emission of substance for influencing haze formation is not single dust, SO2Or Other pollutants, but synthesis result caused by various pollutants in fume discharge collective effect.For dust, SO2、NOXDeng single For one pollutant, in the world with a series of corresponding mature technologies.The characteristics of these technologies is：One technology is only for one Kind pollutant so as to cause the raising of equipment investment height, operating cost and take up a large area, affects coal-fired dirt to a certain extent Contaminate the economy and practicability of object control.
Fire coal boiler fume major pollutants are dust, sulfide, nitrogen oxides.At present, China has been put into effect《Air Prevention and cure of pollution action plan》、《2014-2015 energy-saving and emission-reduction low carbon development action schemes》With《The energy-saving and emission-reduction of coal electricity upgrade with Action plan (2014-2020) is transformed》Etc. policies, key industry atmosphere pollution is promoted to control wherein having explicitly pointed out strength Reason；What Guangdong provincial government put into effect《Pearl River Delta and surrounding area key industry atmosphere pollution undertaking treatment within a prescribed limit of time scheme》In also explicitly point out Coal unit must be transformed and install " high-efficiency desulfurization denitration dust collecting facility ", and expect the year two thousand twenty, it is desirable that the ground such as Guangdong, Hainan Active service coal unit Air Pollutant Emission concentration basically reaches gas turbine group emission limit after technological transformation updates and (exists Under the conditions of benchmark oxygen content 6%, flue dust, sulfur dioxide, discharged nitrous oxides concentration be respectively no higher than 10,35,50 milligrams/it is vertical Square rice).It is improved however, as environmental requirements such as heavy metal Hg, PM2.5 and waste water, if only with individual equipment to coal-burning boiler Flue gas is cleared up one by one, and the discharge capacity of pollutant is still too high (i.e. flue dust≤30mg/Nm3, sulfur dioxide≤100mg/ Nm3, nitrogen oxides≤100mg/Nm3)；If think further to reduce the discharge capacity of various pollutants on this basis, in single work It is very high that improved cost is carried out in skill.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device, system And method, realize the minimum discharge to boiler smoke multiple pollutant, it is simple in structure, and purification efficiency is higher.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：A kind of boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device, including Housing is divided into flue gas Zhu An areas, plasma desulphurization denitration area, dust charged coalescence area, wet in the housing from the bottom up Formula electric precipitation mist eliminating zone and flue gas discharge area；The housing in the flue gas Zhu An areas is equipped with gas inlet, the flue gas discharge area Housing be equipped with exhanst gas outlet；Note ammonia nozzle is equipped between the flue gas Zhu An areas and plasma desulphurization denitration area.
Further, the plasma desulphurization denitration area includes the first anode and the first cathode of several row's interlaced arrangements, The both ends of several first cathodes are fixed on by the first cathode fixed frame on housing, the both ends of several first anode It is fixed on housing by first anode fixed frame, the first anode and the first cathode are placed vertically, first cathode It is connected with the first high voltage power supply, the first anode ground connection；The distance between two adjacent first cathodes be 100~150mm, two-phase The distance between adjacent first anode is 100~150mm.
Further, first cathode includes several evenly arranged first prickle needle like tube and by several first The first supporting rack that prickle needle like tube is fixed together, first supporting rack are fixed on the first cathode fixed frame； The first anode is corrugated plate shape, and the first anode is fixed on first anode fixed frame.
Further, the dust charged coalescence area includes the second plate and the second cathode of several row's interlaced arrangements, institute The both ends for stating several second cathodes are fixed on by the second cathode fixed frame on housing, and the both ends of the second plate pass through Two anode fixed frames are fixed on housing, and the second plate and the second cathode are placed vertically, second cathode and second High voltage power supply is connected, the second plate ground connection；The distance between two adjacent second cathodes be 150~200mm, two adjacent second Spacing between anode is 150~200mm.
Further, second cathode includes several evenly arranged second prickle needle like tube and by several second The second supporting rack that prickle needle like tube is fixed together, second supporting rack are fixed on the second cathode fixed frame； The second plate includes several evenly arranged pipes and the third supporting rack that several pipes are fixed together, described Third supporting rack is fixed on the second plate fixed frame.
Further, the wet-esp mist eliminating zone includes several six angle pipes, and several six angle pipes are mutually viscous It is combined, the center of the six angle pipes is equipped with corona discharge electrode；The six angle pipes are anode, and several six angle pipes pass through both ends The card being equipped with is fixed on the housing；The corona extremely cathode, the corona discharge electrode are passed through by third cathode fixed frame Insulator support is fixed on housing.
Further, a diameter of 300~400mm of the six angle pipes inner circle；The corona extremely minute hand thorn tube rod rigidity Corona discharge electrode, a diameter of 10mm~40mm of tube rod of the corona discharge electrode, the minute hand thorn length of the corona discharge electrode is 50mm~200mm.
A kind of boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment system, includes the boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment Device, the multiple pollutant in further purification boiler flue gas.
A kind of boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment method, includes the following steps：
(1) denitration：The ammonium hydroxide or urea liquid of atomization are sprayed into combustion zone, makes the NO in flue gasX850 DEG C~1100 DEG C hot environment in be reduced to harmless N2 and H2O；Wherein, ammonia nitrogen ratio is 1.5~2.5；
(2) dedusting：The flue gas for removing nitrogen oxides is passed through in deduster, passes through most of dust particles in flue gas Deduster removes；
(3) desulfurization：Step (2) will be passed through, and treated, and flue gas is passed through in desulfurizing tower, and wet method is carried out by limestone-gypsum Desulfurization；
(4) deep purifying：Step (3) will be passed through treated flue gas is passed through boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment dress In putting, desulphurization denitration and dedusting are carried out again；Wherein, in boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device, described first The voltage that cathode is applied be 30kV~70kV high direct voltage positive electricity, the voltage that second cathode is applied for 30kV~ The high direct voltage negative electricity of 70kV, the voltage that the cathode of wet-esp mist eliminating zone is applied are born for the high direct voltage of 30kV~80kV Electricity.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：The present invention is first using monotechnics in boiler smoke Each Single Pollution object handle one by one after, then by boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device of the present invention to treated Boiler smoke re-starts in-depth and is detached from, and realizes the ultra-low concentration discharge of boiler smoke multiple pollutant, that is, with reaching emphasis Area gas turbine Air Pollutant Emission limit value (flue dust ＜ 5mg/Nm3, nitrogen oxides ＜ 50mg/Nm3, sulfur dioxide ＜ 35mg/ Nm3, Hg ＜ 3ug/Nm3).It is efficient that the technique of the present invention from original monotechnics processing Single Pollution object turns to multiple pollutant The technique and device of combination and cooperation removing, realize dust-removal and desulfurizing denitrification integral deep removal, simplify technological process, and purify It is efficient.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, may be used also To obtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram in plasma desulphurization denitration area in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the principle assumption diagram in plasma desulphurization denitration area in Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is the structure diagram in dust charged coalescence area in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the structure diagram of wet-esp mist eliminating zone in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the principle assumption diagram of wet-esp mist eliminating zone；
Fig. 8 is the sectional view of corona discharge electrode in one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 9 is the sectional view of the first prickle needle like tube in one embodiment of the invention.
Figure 10 is a kind of structure diagram of boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment system of the present invention.
Attached drawing identifies：1 housing；2 flue gas discharge areas；3 wet-esp mist eliminating zones；301 corona discharge electrodes；302 six angle pipes；303 Third cathode fixed frame；304 cards；305 third high voltage power supplies；4 dust charged coalescence areas；401 second cathodes；402 second Anode；403 second cathode fixed frames；404 second plate fixed frames；405 second high voltage power supply, 5 plasma desulphurization denitration Area；501 first cathodes；502 first anode；503 first cathode fixed frames；504 first anode fixed frames；505 first is high Voltage source；6 flue gas Zhu An areas；7 insulators；8 note ammonia nozzles；9 exhanst gas outlets；10 gas inlets；11 high voltage power supplies；12 denitrations fill It puts；1201 nozzles；13 boilers；14 dedusters；15 desulfurizing towers；16 chimneys；17 stock chests；18 air preheaters；19 wind turbines.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other without creative efforts Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Figure 10 is a kind of structure diagram of boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment system of the present invention, refering to Figure 10, The system includes boiler 13, denitrification apparatus 12, deduster 14, desulfurizing tower 15, chimney 16 and boiler smoke successively according to production process Gas multiple pollutant deep treatment device, the nozzle 1201 of the denitrification apparatus 12 are set on inside boiler 13, the boiler 13 Exhanst gas outlet is connected with the gas inlet of deduster 14, and the exhanst gas outlet of the deduster 14 passes through wind turbine 19 and desulfurizing tower 15 Gas inlet be connected, the exhanst gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower 15 and the boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device Smoke inlet is connected, the exhanst gas outlet of the boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device and the flue gas of the chimney 16 Entrance is connected.Wherein, ammonium hydroxide or urea are entered by the channel being connected with stock chest 17 in denitrification apparatus 12, by denitration The nozzle 1201 of device 12 is sprayed into boiler 13 and is sufficiently mixed with boiler smoke, completes denitration；And air is when entering in boiler 13, For ensure denitration reaction temperature, air is entered by wind turbine in air preheater 18 be preheating to certain temperature after be blown into pot again In stove 13.
In above-described embodiment, after boiler smoke completes denitration, dedusting, desulfurization in each single equipment respectively, in boiler smoke Desulphurization denitration and the dedusting again of gas multiple pollutant deep treatment device.Twice purification of the boiler smoke Jing Guo the system, it is net It is higher to change efficiency, realizes the ultra-low concentration discharge of boiler smoke multiple pollutant, that is, reaches key area gas turbine air Pollutant emission limit (flue dust ＜ 5mg/Nm3, nitrogen oxides ＜ 50mg/Nm3, sulfur dioxide ＜ 35mg/Nm3, Hg ＜ 3ug/ Nm3).The concrete structure of boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device sees Fig. 1~Fig. 9.
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device in one embodiment of the invention, is referred to A kind of Fig. 1, boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device of the present invention, mainly includes：Housing 1, the housing 1 are interior from lower past On be divided into flue gas Zhu An areas 6, plasma desulphurization denitration area 5, dust charged coalescence area 4, wet-esp mist eliminating zone 3 and cigarette Gas discharge area 2；The housing 1 in the flue gas Zhu An areas 6 is equipped with gas inlet 10, and the housing 1 of the flue gas discharge area 2 is equipped with Exhanst gas outlet 9；Note ammonia nozzle 8 is equipped between the flue gas Zhu An areas 6 and plasma desulphurization denitration area 5.
After denitrification apparatus 12 and desulfurizing tower 15 react, in boiler smoke the discharge value of each pollutant it is higher (flue dust≤ 30mg/Nm3, sulfur dioxide≤100mg/Nm3, nitrogen oxides≤100mg/Nm3), it is dirty to be unsatisfactory for key area gas turbine air Contaminate object discharge standard；Plasma desulphurization denitration area 5, dust charged coalescence in boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device Area 4, wet-esp mist eliminating zone 3 are that boiler smoke is further purified.Wherein, flue gas Zhu An areas 6 are used to spray into ammonium hydroxide and fill In putting, while increasing the ratio of ammonia and boiler smoke, ammonia and boiler smoke is also made to be sufficiently mixed uniformly, is subsequently taken off convenient for improving The efficiency of sulphur denitration；Plasma desulphurization denitration area 5 is used to carry out desulphurization denitration to boiler smoke, makes the NO in boiler smokeXWith SO2It is converted into the salts substances of ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate；Dust charged coalescence area 4 is used for the powder to ultra-fine, ultralight and easy dispersion Dirt coalescence into geometric dimension it is sufficiently large capture particulate matter so that particulate matter is easy to be collected by subsequent processing device, real Existing flue dust ＜ 5mg/Nm3Emissions object；Wet-esp mist eliminating zone 3 is used for particulate matter, the SO after charged coalescence3Acid mist gas The multiple pollutants such as water mist, heavy metal Hg in gel, flue gas are collected.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device in one embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 3 is this hair The principle schematic in plasma desulphurization denitration area in a bright embodiment, refering to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, if plasma desulphurization denitration area 5 includes 502 and first cathode 501 of the first anode of dry row's interlaced arrangement, the both ends of several first cathodes 501 pass through the first cathode Fixed frame 503 is fixed on housing 1, and the both ends of several first anode 502 are fixed by first anode fixed frame 504 On housing 1,502 and first cathode 501 of the first anode is placed vertically, 501 and first high voltage power supply of the first cathode 505 are connected, and the first anode 502 is grounded.Wherein, it is preferred that the distance between two adjacent first cathodes 501 for 100~ The distance between 150mm, the two adjacent first anode 502 is 100~150mm.
Fig. 4 is the principle assumption diagram in plasma desulphurization denitration area in Fig. 3, refering to Fig. 4, the of plasma desulphurization denitration area 5 One cathode 501 includes several evenly arranged first prickle needle like tube and several first prickle needle like tube is fixed together The first supporting rack, first supporting rack is fixed on the first cathode fixed frame 503.Plasma desulphurization denitration area 5 The first anode 502 for corrugated plate shape, the first anode 502 is fixed on first anode fixed frame 504.Wherein, the first anode 502 and first the material of cathode 501 be metal.
Plasma desulphurization denitration area is the further purification to nitrogen oxides in boiler smoke and sulfur dioxide：By toward the Apply the high direct voltage positive electricity of 30kV~40kV on one cathode 501 (i.e. the first prickle needle like tube), the first anode 502 is grounded, makes The prickle tip end surface of first prickle needle like tube generates highfield, and highfield can generate the high energy electron of 10eV energy above, this A little impact with energetic electrons boiler smoke molecules, make the O in boiler smoke2、N2、H2O、NH3Gas molecules is waited to ionize, are generated OH-、HO2 +、O2-、O3、N3-、NH2 +、NH-、N2H+、H+、e-Free radicals such as (high energy electrons)；These free radicals have strong oxidizing property, It can be by the NO in flue gasXAnd SO2It decomposes and converts, under the action of ammonia additive, generate the salt object of ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate Matter, so as to make SO2And NOXFrom gas phase removal, achieve the purpose that further desulphurization denitration.
Fig. 9 is the sectional view of the first prickle needle like tube in one embodiment of the invention, further, in the first prickle needle like tube It is arranged with four bur needles, one side toothing shape of the bur needle, convenient for generating highfield.
Fig. 5 is the structure diagram in dust charged coalescence area in one embodiment of the invention, refering to Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, dust charged Coalescence area 4 includes 402 and second cathode 401 of second plate of several row's interlaced arrangements, the both ends of several second cathodes 401 It is fixed on housing 1 by the second cathode fixed frame 403, the both ends of the second plate 402 pass through second plate fixed frame Frame 404 is fixed on housing 1, and 402 and second cathode 401 of the second plate is placed vertically, second cathode 401 and the Two high voltage power supplies 405 are connected, and the second plate 402 is grounded.Wherein, it is preferred that the distance between two adjacent second cathodes 401 For 150~200mm, the spacing between two adjacent second plates 402 is 150~200mm.
In above-described embodiment, second cathode 401 in dust charged coalescence area 4 includes several evenly arranged second prickles Needle like tube and the second supporting rack that several second prickle needle like tube are fixed together, second supporting rack are fixed on described On second cathode fixed frame 403.The second plate 402 in dust charged coalescence area 4 include several evenly arranged pipes and The third supporting rack that several pipes are fixed together, the third supporting rack are fixed on the second plate fixed frame On 404.Wherein, 402 and second cathode of second plate, 401 material is metal, and the second awns in dust charged coalescence area 4 The structure for piercing needle like tube is identical with the structure of the first prickle needle like tube in plasma desulphurization denitration area 5.
Dust charged coalescence area 4 is mainly used for removing ultra-fine, ultralight and easy dispersion dust.Existing boiler smoke handles work In skill, most of dust particles in boiler smoke are removed by original electrostatic precipitator or sack cleaner, and particularly electricity removes Dirt device efficiency of dust collection under accidental conditions is very high, and the efficiency of dust collection of high-efficiency electric dust catcher may be up to 99.7%.However this is right For the particle of 0.1~1.0 μm of submicron order of grain size, still there is up to 15% particle that can leave deduster 14 and be discharged into greatly Gas, therefore to realize flue dust ＜ 5mg/Nm3Emissions object, the dust of ultra-fine, ultralight to the part and easy dispersion is needed to carry out Effectively collect.The present embodiment on the second cathode 401 (i.e. the second prickle needle like tube) toward dust charged coalescence area 4 by applying The high direct voltage negative electricity of 30kV~40kV, second plate 402 are grounded, and are generated electric field in dust charged coalescence area 4, are made boiler smoke Particulate matter in gas passes through charged during electric field, fine particle meeting phase of the particulate matter particularly grain size less than 10 μm after electrification Together, form 10 μm of grain size or more captures particulate matter to mutual coalescence so that particulate matter is easy to by wet-esp mist eliminating zone 3 Collection is got off.
Fig. 6 is the structure diagram of wet-esp mist eliminating zone in one embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 7 is wet-esp demisting The principle assumption diagram in area, refering to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the wet-esp mist eliminating zone 3 includes several six angle pipes being vertically arranged 302, several six angle pipes 302 are mutually glued, and section forms honeycomb arrangement；The center of six angle pipes 302 is set There is corona discharge electrode 301.Wherein, six angle pipes 302 are anode, and the card 304 that several six angle pipes 302 are equipped with by both ends is fixed On the housing 1；Corona discharge electrode 301 is cathode, and the corona discharge electrode 301 is fixed on housing by third cathode fixed frame 303 On 1.
Further, the electro-conductive glass steel that six angle pipes 302 are formed using vinyl ester resin, glass fabric and graphite It forms, has the characteristics that corrosion-resistant, heatproof, electric conductivity are strong, light-weight, intensity is high, a diameter of 300~400mm of inner circle. Fig. 8 is the sectional view of corona discharge electrode in one embodiment of the invention, and corona discharge electrode 301 pierces line style tubing for minute hand, and surface is uniformly provided with Minute hand pierces line；A diameter of 10mm~the 40mm of tube rod of the corona discharge electrode 301, the minute hand thorn length of the corona discharge electrode 301 is 50mm ~200mm.
In above-described embodiment, the cathode of wet-esp mist eliminating zone 3 is connected with third high voltage power supply 305, plus earth. Apply 60kV~70kV high direct voltage negative electricity between the anode and cathode of wet-esp mist eliminating zone 3, form highfield；In forceful electric power Under the action of, the gas of two interpolar of negative and positive is adequately ionized so that mist eliminating zone space is full of negatively charged ion；With cigarette Dirt (mist) particle and these anions that air-flow enters in mist eliminating zone collide and charged, and electrification dirt (mist) particle is due to by height The effect of electrostatic field Coulomb force is pressed, to anode movement；After reaching anode, the charge of institute's band is discharged, and dirt (mist) grain is in itself It is then attached on anode (six angle pipes) due to its intrinsic stickiness, can finally be removed by the method for liquid wash.
Further, the first cathode fixed frame 503 in plasma desulphurization denitration area 5, dust charged coalescence area 4 Two cathode fixed frames 403, wet-esp mist eliminating zone 3 third cathode fixed frame 303 include upper cathode fixed frame With lower cathode fixed frame, insulator 7 supporting and fixing of the upper cathode fixed frame through each area in each area is in the housing 1 On, and anode is then connected with high voltage power supply.
In order to which each contaminant capacity discharge capacity in boiler smoke is made to reach key area gas turbine Air Pollutant Emission limit value (flue dust ＜ 5mg/Nm3, nitrogen oxides ＜ 50mg/Nm3, sulfur dioxide ＜ 35mg/Nm3, Hg ＜ 3ug/Nm3), it can be referring particularly to Following steps：
(1) denitration：The ammonium hydroxide or urea liquid of atomization are sprayed into combustion zone, makes the NO in flue gasX850 DEG C~1100 DEG C hot environment in be reduced to harmless N2 and H2O；Wherein, ammonia nitrogen ratio is 1.5~2.5；
(2) dedusting：The flue gas for removing nitrogen oxides is passed through in deduster 14, leads to most of dust particles in flue gas Deduster 14 is crossed to remove；
(3) desulfurization：Step (2) will be passed through, and treated that flue gas is passed through in desulfurizing tower 15, is carried out by limestone-gypsum Wet desulphurization；
(4) deep purifying：Step (3) will be passed through treated flue gas is passed through boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment dress In putting, desulphurization denitration and dedusting are carried out again；Wherein, in boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device, the first cathode 501 voltages applied are the high direct voltage positive electricity of 30kV~70kV, and the voltage that the second cathode 401 is applied is 30kV~70kV High direct voltage negative electricity, the voltage that the cathode of wet-esp mist eliminating zone is applied is the high direct voltage negative electricity of 30kV~80kV.
In above-mentioned processing step, under conditions of other influences factor is constant, by NH3/NOXMolar ratio improved to 1.5~ 2.5, denitration efficiency can be improved to 50%~70%, and the escaping of ammonia rate has been also added to 10%；The ammonia of these escapes enters pot In kiln gas multiple pollutant deep treatment device, desulphurization denitration is synchronized by the device, can effectively reduce boiler smoke The concentration of emission of multiple pollutant；As it can be seen that the raising of the efficiency of denitration of the present invention is to increase to note by original SNCR denitration system Two aspects of denitration under the action of plasma are made using the ammonia of escape for the raising of denitration efficiency and apparatus of the present invention after ammonia amount With the final nitrogen oxides ＜ 50mg/Nm for causing discharge3, sulfur dioxide ＜ 35mg/Nm3.After desulphurization denitration, then pass through powder The charged coalescence area 4 of dirt and the processing of wet-esp mist eliminating zone 3, make flue dust ＜ 5mg/Nm3, Hg ＜ 3ug/Nm3, with reaching emphasis Area's gas turbine Air Pollutant Emission limit value.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device, which is characterized in that including housing, from lower past in the housing On be divided into flue gas Zhu An areas, plasma desulphurization denitration area, dust charged coalescence area, wet-esp mist eliminating zone and flue gas row Go out area；The housing in the flue gas Zhu An areas is equipped with gas inlet, and the housing of the flue gas discharge area is equipped with exhanst gas outlet；Institute It states and note ammonia nozzle is equipped between flue gas Zhu An areas and plasma desulphurization denitration area.
2. boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the plasma desulfurization Denitration region includes the first anode and the first cathode of several row's interlaced arrangements, and the both ends of several first cathodes pass through first the moon Pole fixed frame is fixed on housing, and the both ends of several first anode are fixed on housing by first anode fixed frame On, the first anode and the first cathode are placed vertically, and first cathode is connected with the first high voltage power supply, the first anode Ground connection；The distance between two adjacent first cathodes be the distance between 100~150mm, the two adjacent first anode be 100~ 150mm。
3. boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the first cathode packet Include several evenly arranged first prickle needle like tube and the first support that several first prickle needle like tube are fixed together Frame, first supporting rack are fixed on the first cathode fixed frame；The first anode be corrugated plate shape, described first Anode is fixed on first anode fixed frame.
4. boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the dust charge coagulation And area includes the second plate and the second cathode of several row's interlaced arrangements, the both ends of several second cathodes pass through the second cathode Fixed frame is fixed on housing, and the both ends of the second plate are fixed on by second plate fixed frame on housing, described Second plate and the second cathode are placed vertically, and second cathode is connected with the second high voltage power supply, the second plate ground connection；Two The distance between adjacent second cathode is 150~200mm, and the spacing between two adjacent second plates is 150~200mm.
5. boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the second cathode packet Include several evenly arranged second prickle needle like tube and the second support that several second prickle needle like tube are fixed together Frame, second supporting rack are fixed on the second cathode fixed frame；The second plate includes several uniformly arrangements Pipe and third supporting rack that several pipes are fixed together, the third supporting rack be fixed on the second plate and consolidate Determine on frame.
6. boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the wet-esp Mist eliminating zone includes several six angle pipes, and several six angle pipes are mutually glued, and the center of the six angle pipes is equipped with electricity Dizzy pole；The six angle pipes are anode, and several six angle pipes are fixed on the housing by the card that both ends are equipped with；It is described Corona extremely cathode, the corona discharge electrode are fixed on through insulator support on housing by third cathode fixed frame.
7. boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the six angle pipes inner circle A diameter of 300~400mm；The corona extremely minute hand thorn tube rod rigidity corona discharge electrode, the tube rod of the corona discharge electrode is a diameter of 10mm~40mm, the minute hand thorn length of the corona discharge electrode is 50mm~200mm.
8. a kind of boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment system, which is characterized in that any described comprising claim 1~7 Boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device.
A kind of 9. boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) denitration：The ammonium hydroxide or urea liquid of atomization are sprayed into combustion zone, makes the NO in flue gasXIn 850 DEG C~1100 DEG C of height Harmless N is reduced in warm environment2And H2O；Wherein, ammonia nitrogen ratio is 1.5~2.5；
(2) dedusting：Flue gas after denitration is passed through in deduster, most of dust particles in flue gas is made to pass through deduster Removal；
(3) desulfurization：Step (2) will be passed through, and treated, and flue gas is passed through in desulfurizing tower, and carrying out wet method by limestone-gypsum takes off Sulphur；
(4) deep purifying：Step (3) will be passed through, and treated that flue gas is passed through boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device In, desulphurization denitration and dedusting are carried out again；Wherein, in boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device：It utilizes step (1) The denitrfying agent of superfluous ammonium hydroxide or urea as deep purifying after denitration；The voltage that first cathode is applied is 30kV~70kV High direct voltage positive electricity, first anode ground connection；The direct current that the voltage that second cathode is applied is 30kV~70kV is high Press negative electricity, the second plate ground connection；The voltage that the cathode of wet-esp mist eliminating zone is applied is the direct current of 30kV~80kV High pressure negative electricity, the third anode ground connection.
CN201810103798.0A 2018-02-01 2018-02-01 A kind of boiler smoke multiple pollutant deep treatment device, system and method Pending CN108201783A (en)

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