CN108193223B - Hypochlorite production system - Google Patents
Hypochlorite production system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108193223B CN108193223B CN201810142931.3A CN201810142931A CN108193223B CN 108193223 B CN108193223 B CN 108193223B CN 201810142931 A CN201810142931 A CN 201810142931A CN 108193223 B CN108193223 B CN 108193223B
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- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006506 Brasenia schreberi Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 244000267222 Brasenia schreberi Species 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 25
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000034817 Waterborne disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JFBJUMZWZDHTIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorine chlorite Inorganic materials ClOCl=O JFBJUMZWZDHTIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hcl hcl Chemical compound Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/24—Halogens or compounds thereof
- C25B1/26—Chlorine; Compounds thereof
- C25B1/265—Chlorates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hypochlorite production system which comprises a hypochlorite generator, a salt dissolving tank, a water softener, a liquid storage tank, a machine throwing system and a PLC control cabinet. The hypochlorite generator comprises an electrolytic cell; the electrolytic tank comprises a shell, an electrode assembly, a plurality of water baffles and two sealing pieces, wherein the electrode assembly is positioned in the shell, the water baffles are provided with through holes and are sleeved on the electrode assembly at intervals, the water baffles are positioned between the electrode assembly and the inner wall of the shell and are in sealing connection with the shell, and the two sealing pieces are respectively arranged at two ends of the shell in a sealing mode. In the electrolytic process of the hypochlorite production system, under the beam action of the water baffle, the electrolytic tank can ensure that salt solution flows between the anode plate and the cathode plate of the electrode assembly completely, so that the mass transfer distance is reduced, and the electrolytic efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrolysis, in particular to a hypochlorite production system.
Background
With the continuous pollution of water resources on the earth and the continuous lack of water resources, the disinfection water treatment is more and more important. The most widely used water disinfection method at present plays an important role in preventing water-borne diseases, and chlorine or hypochlorite (such as NaClO) is added into water to generate hypochlorous acid (HClO) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) generally, so that the disinfection function is achieved. The sodium hypochlorite generator is a common device for producing sodium hypochlorite solution, the sodium hypochlorite generator can produce sodium hypochlorite solution with low concentration, the produced sodium hypochlorite solution can be added into water to be disinfected, the disinfection effect is good, the addition is accurate, the operation is safe, the use is convenient, the storage is easy, the environment is not poisonous, the secondary pollution is not produced, and the device has the advantages.
However, the existing sodium hypochlorite production system comprising the sodium hypochlorite generator has the defect of low electrolysis efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a hypochlorite production system with high electrolysis efficiency.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a hypochlorite production system comprising a hypochlorite generator comprising an electrolytic cell;
the electrolytic tank comprises a shell, an electrode assembly, a plurality of water baffles and two sealing pieces, wherein the electrode assembly is positioned in the shell, the water baffles are provided with through holes and are sleeved on the electrode assembly at intervals, the water baffles are positioned between the electrode assembly and the inner wall of the shell and are in sealing connection with the shell, and the two sealing pieces are respectively and hermetically arranged at two ends of the shell.
Optionally, the top of breakwater is provided with the gas pocket that air feed gas circulate, be provided with O type sealing washer on the peripheral wall of breakwater, O type sealing washer is located the peripheral wall of breakwater with between the inner wall of shell.
Optionally, the hypochlorite production system further comprises a power supply, a water softener, a salt dissolving tank, a liquid storage tank and an adder;
the positive pole of power is connected the anode plate of electrode assembly, the negative pole of power is connected the negative plate of electrode assembly, the water softener is connected respectively electrolysis trough and dissolve salt jar in order to with electrolysis trough and dissolve salt jar and supply soft water, dissolve salt jar and connect the electrolysis trough is in order to supply with salt water, the liquid reserve tank is connected the electrolysis trough is in order to store the hypochlorite solution that generates, throw the ware and connect the liquid reserve tank is in order to throw the hypochlorite solution to pending water.
Optionally, the hypochlorite production system further comprises a temperature regulator for regulating the temperature of the soft water and brine entering the electrolytic cell, a discharge fan for discharging hydrogen gas generated by the electrolytic cell, and a controller for controlling at least one of start-stop of the hypochlorite production system, controlling the temperature and alarm of the soft water and brine entering the electrolytic cell, controlling hydrogen gas discharge and alarm, controlling the flow rate and alarm of the soft water and brine entering the electrolytic cell.
Optionally, the electrode assembly is a composite electrode assembly, the composite electrode assembly including a fixing mechanism and at least one composite electrode group;
the fixing mechanism comprises an anode end seat, a cathode end seat and at least three first clamping piece groups, wherein the at least three first clamping piece groups are positioned between the anode end seat and the cathode end seat and are arranged at intervals along a first direction, each first clamping piece group comprises at least one first insulating clamping piece which extends along the first direction and is arranged at intervals along a second direction side by side, and two ends of each first insulating clamping piece along the first direction are respectively provided with a groove;
the composite electrode group comprises an anode plate, a cathode plate and at least one odd-numbered middle polar plate, wherein the anode plate is connected with the positive electrode of a power supply, the cathode plate is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply, the middle polar plates are arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate at intervals along a first direction, projection parts in a second direction between the anode plate and the adjacent middle polar plates, between the adjacent two middle polar plates and between the cathode plate and the adjacent middle polar plates overlap, two ends of the anode plate are respectively fixed on the anode end seat and in grooves of first insulating clamping pieces of even-numbered first clamping pieces adjacent to the anode end seat, two ends of the middle polar plate are respectively fixed in grooves of first insulating clamping pieces of two odd-numbered first clamping pieces or grooves of first insulating clamping pieces of even-numbered first clamping pieces, and two ends of the cathode plate are respectively fixed on the cathode end seat and in grooves of first insulating clamping pieces of even-numbered first clamping pieces adjacent to the cathode end seat;
the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.
Optionally, the even-numbered first clamping piece group further includes second insulating clamping pieces located at two sides of at least one first insulating clamping piece and arranged at intervals side by side with the first insulating clamping piece, two ends of the second insulating clamping piece along the first direction are provided with outer shoulders facing away from the first insulating clamping piece, two ends of the anode plate of the outer composite electrode group are respectively fixed on the anode end seat and the outer shoulders of the second insulating clamping piece of the even-numbered first clamping piece group adjacent to the anode end seat, and two ends of the cathode plate of the outer composite electrode group are respectively fixed on the cathode end seat and the outer shoulders of the second insulating clamping piece of the even-numbered first clamping piece group adjacent to the cathode end seat.
Optionally, the anode plate passes between two adjacent first insulating clips of the first clip group adjacent to the anode end seat, the middle electrode plate passes between two adjacent first insulating clips of the first clip group between two adjacent first clip groups of odd number or between two adjacent first insulating clips of the first clip group between two adjacent first clip groups of even number, and the cathode plate passes between two adjacent first insulating clips of the first clip group adjacent to the cathode end seat.
Optionally, the fixing mechanism further includes two coamings and a plurality of right-angle flanges, the coamings extend along the first direction to pass through the through holes of the water baffle and are located on the outer side of the at least one composite electrode group, and the right-angle flanges are located on the outer side of the coamings and simultaneously connect the coamings and the water baffle.
Optionally, the fixing mechanism further comprises an anode end seat shaft and a cathode end seat shaft, the anode end seat shaft and the cathode end seat shaft are respectively connected to the anode end seat and the cathode end seat, and the anode end seat shaft and the cathode end seat shaft respectively pass through sealing pieces at two ends of the shell in a sealing mode.
Optionally, the surface of the anode plate and the surface of the end, adjacent to the anode plate, of the middle electrode plate are provided with a noble metal coating, and the noble metal of the noble metal coating is at least one of ruthenium, iridium, palladium and rhodium; the surface of the cathode plate and the surface of the end of the intermediate electrode plate adjacent to the cathode plate are provided with platinum coatings.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the electrolytic process of the hypochlorite production system, under the beam action of the water baffle, the electrolytic tank can ensure that the salt solution completely flows between the anode plate and the cathode plate of the electrode assembly, thereby reducing the mass transfer distance and improving the electrolytic efficiency. The hypochlorite production system has high automation degree, high safety performance, low operation energy consumption and stable and unattenuated hypochlorite solution.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a sodium hypochlorite generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view, partially in section, of an electrolytic cell of an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a top view of an electrolytic cell of an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a composite electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the S portion in fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a partial top view schematic of a composite electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a front view of a first insulating clip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a top view of a first insulating clip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a front view of a second insulating clip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a top view of a second insulating clip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a front view of an anode or cathode plate according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 13 is a front view of an intermediate plate of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a front view of a splash plate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a perspective view of a right angle flange according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a front view of an anode terminal seat of an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a sodium hypochlorite generator; 2. an electrolytic cell; 11. an anode terminal base; 111. a first concave portion; 12. a cathode terminal base; 13. a first clip set; 131. a first insulating clip; 1311. a groove; 132. a second insulating clip; 1321. an outer shoulder; 14. an anode terminal seat shaft; 15. a cathode end seat shaft; 16. a liquid outlet; 20. a composite electrode group; 21. an anode plate; 22. a cathode plate; 23. a middle polar plate; 30. a housing; 40. a water baffle; 41. a through hole; 42. air holes; 43. an O-shaped sealing ring; 50. a seal; 60. coaming plate; 70. and a right-angle flange.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, wherein it is to be understood that, on the premise of no conflict, the following embodiments or technical features may be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 16, the present embodiment provides a composite electrode assembly, which may be a composite electrode assembly of a hypochlorite generator, more specifically, a composite electrode assembly of a sodium hypochlorite generator 1, and a structure of the composite electrode assembly will be described below taking an example of application of the composite electrode assembly to the sodium hypochlorite generator 1.
The composite electrode assembly comprises a fixing mechanism and at least one composite electrode group 20, wherein the anode plate 21, the cathode plate 22 and the middle electrode plate 23 of the composite electrode group 20 are fixed by using the fixing mechanism, so that the distances among the anode plate 21, the cathode plate 22 and the middle electrode plate 23 are kept stable, the defects of uneven electrode distance and increased heating value caused by deformation of electrodes in the electrolysis process are overcome, and the parallel electrode distance is controlled by the fixing mechanism, so that reverse current is avoided, and the electrolysis efficiency is improved.
Specifically, the fixing mechanism includes an anode terminal seat 11, a cathode terminal seat 12, and at least three first clip groups 13. Wherein, at least three first clamping piece groups 13 are located between the anode terminal seat 11 and the cathode terminal seat 12 and are arranged at intervals along the first direction, referring to fig. 6 and 7, each first clamping piece group 13 includes at least one first insulating clamping piece 131 extending along the first direction and arranged at intervals along the second direction side by side, and two ends of the first insulating clamping piece 131 along the first direction are respectively provided with a groove 1311, and optionally, the first insulating clamping piece 131 is a plastic clamping piece. In this embodiment, the first direction is the illustrated X direction, the second direction is the illustrated Y direction, and the X direction and the Y direction are perpendicular.
The composite electrode group 20 includes an anode plate 21, a cathode plate 22, and at least one and an odd number of intermediate electrode plates 23. The anode plate 21 is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, the cathode plate 22 is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, the middle electrode plates 23 are located between the anode plate 21 and the cathode plate 22 and are arranged at intervals along the first direction, projection portions between the anode plate 21 and the adjacent middle electrode plates 23, between the cathode plate 22 and the adjacent middle electrode plates 23 in the second direction overlap, in other words, the anode plate 21, the middle electrode plates 23, and the adjacent two electrode plates of the cathode plate 22 are staggered, but the adjacent two electrode plates are not contacted, in this embodiment, the anode plate 21, the middle electrode plates 23, and the cathode plate 22 are all arranged in parallel. The anode plate 21 loses electrons in the electrolysis process, generates chlorine evolution reaction and generates sodium hypochlorite; the cathode plate 22 is used for obtaining electrons in the electrolysis process, and is corresponding to the anode plate 21 to separate out hydrogen; the intermediate electrode plate 23 has a function of getting electrons from one end and functioning as a cathode, losing electrons from the other end and functioning as an anode, and precipitating chlorine. The composite electrode group 20 adopts a structure form that the anode plate 21, the middle electrode plate 23 and the cathode plate 22 are mutually staggered to form a composite electrode assembly with a bipolar series-parallel structure, and compared with a monopolar electrode group, the structure reduces current and resistance and voltage under the same sodium hypochlorite yield condition, thereby improving the electrolysis efficiency and reducing the electricity consumption cost.
In this embodiment, two ends of the anode plate 21 are respectively fixed in the anode terminal seat 11 and the grooves 1311 of the first insulating clips 131 of the even-numbered first clip group 13 adjacent to the anode terminal seat 11, two ends of the middle electrode plate 23 are respectively fixed in the grooves 1311 of the first insulating clips 131 of the adjacent two odd-numbered first clip groups 13 or the grooves 1311 of the first insulating clips 131 of the even-numbered first clip groups 13, and two ends of the cathode plate 22 are respectively fixed in the cathode terminal seat 12 and the grooves 1311 of the first insulating clips 131 of the even-numbered first clip groups 13 adjacent to the cathode terminal seat 12. The method of numbering starts from the first clamping piece set 13 adjacent to the anode terminal seat 11 along the first direction, the even first clamping piece set 13 is the even first clamping piece set 13, and the odd first clamping piece set 13 is the odd first clamping piece set 13. By adopting the fixing mechanism and the fixing mode, the spacing between the anode plate 21 and the middle polar plate 23 and the spacing between the cathode plate 22 and the middle polar plate 23 in the single composite electrode group 20 are kept stable, and meanwhile, the spacing between two adjacent composite electrode groups 20 is kept stable, so that the defects of uneven electrode spacing and increased heating value caused by electrode deformation in the electrolysis process are overcome, reverse current is avoided, and the electrolysis efficiency is improved.
Optionally, the grooves 1311 of the first insulating clip 131 are located at the middle point of the side edges of the first insulating clip 131, when the plurality of composite electrode groups 20 are arranged along the second direction, the distances between the anode plate 21 and the middle electrode plate 23, between the cathode plate 22 and the middle electrode plate 23, and between the two middle electrode plates 23 in the single composite electrode group 20 and between the adjacent two composite electrode groups 20 are substantially the same, and the parallel electrode distances are controlled by the length of the first insulating clip 131, so that reverse current is avoided, and current efficiency is further improved.
Referring to fig. 7, 10 and 11, the even-numbered first clip group 13 further includes second insulating clips 132 located at both sides of the at least one first insulating clip 131 and spaced apart from the first insulating clip 131 side by side, and both ends of the second insulating clip 132 in the first direction have outer shoulders 1321 facing away from the first insulating clip 131, in other words, the outer shoulders 1321 of the second insulating clip 132 face to the outside of the first clip group 13. Optionally, the second insulating clip 132 is a plastic clip.
Wherein, two ends of the anode plate 21 of the outer composite electrode group 20 are respectively fixed on the anode terminal seat 11 and the outer shoulder 1321 of the second insulating clip 132 of the even-numbered first clip group 13 adjacent to the anode terminal seat 11, and two ends of the cathode plate 22 of the outer composite electrode group 20 are respectively fixed on the cathode terminal seat 12 and the outer shoulder 1321 of the second insulating clip 132 of the even-numbered first clip group 13 adjacent to the cathode terminal seat 12. Alternatively, the two ends of the middle electrode plate 23 of the composite electrode group 20 positioned at the outer side are respectively fixed to the adjacent outer shoulders 1321 of the second insulating clips 132 of the adjacent two first clip groups 13. The second insulating clamping piece 132 can be used for conveniently fixing the anode plate 21, the middle polar plate 23 and the cathode plate 22 of the composite electrode group 20 positioned on the outer side, so that the formed composite electrode assembly is more regular in structure and convenient for subsequent installation of the coaming 60.
Optionally, the number of the composite electrode groups 20 is plural and arranged side by side along the second direction, the anode plates 21 of the plural composite electrode groups 20 are connected in parallel, and the cathode plates 22 of the plural composite electrode groups 20 are connected in parallel, thereby forming a composite electrode assembly of a bipolar series-parallel structure, which reduces current, reduces resistance and voltage under the same sodium hypochlorite yield condition as compared with the monopolar electrode groups, thereby improving electrolysis efficiency. The number of the composite electrode groups 20 in fig. 7 is merely for illustrating the structure of the composite electrode assembly, and the number of the composite electrode groups 20 can be increased or decreased as required, which is included in the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 8, the anode plate 21 passes between adjacent two first insulating clips 131 of the first clip group 13 adjacent to the anode end seat 11, the intermediate plate 23 passes between two first insulating clips 131 of the first clip group 13 between adjacent two odd-numbered first clip groups 13 or between two first insulating clips 131 of the first clip group 13 between adjacent two even-numbered first clip groups 13, and the cathode plate 22 passes between adjacent two first insulating clips 131 of the first clip group 13 adjacent to the cathode end seat 12. The anode plate 21 is fixed by the anode terminal seat 11 and the first insulating clips 131 of the even-numbered first clip group 13 adjacent to the anode terminal seat 11 at both ends, and by the adjacent two first insulating clips 131 of the first clip group 13 adjacent to the anode terminal seat 11, the middle electrode plate 23 is fixed by the first insulating clips 131 of the adjacent three first clip groups 13, and the cathode plate 22 is fixed by the cathode terminal seat 12 and the first insulating clips 131 of the even-numbered first clip group 13 adjacent to the cathode terminal seat 12 at both ends, and by the adjacent two first insulating clips 131 of the first clip group 13 adjacent to the cathode terminal seat 12, so that the four corners and the middle of the anode plate 21, the middle electrode plate 23 and the cathode plate 22 are firmly fixed, the stability of electrode spacing is ensured, and the defects of uneven electrode spacing and increased heating value caused by deformation of electrodes in the electrolytic process are further overcome.
Referring to fig. 16, the anode terminal seat 11 has a plurality of first recesses 111 with equal intervals for accommodating the anode plate 21 on a side facing the cathode terminal seat 12, and a plurality of second recesses (not shown) with equal intervals for accommodating the cathode plate 22 on a side facing the anode terminal seat 11, and the interval between adjacent two first recesses 111 and the interval between adjacent two second recesses are the same as the thickness of the first insulating clip 131 in the second direction. One end of the anode plate 21 and one end of the cathode plate 22 are respectively fixed in the first concave portion 111 of the anode terminal seat 11 and the second concave portion of the cathode terminal seat 12, so that the fixing effect is better, and the space control is more stable.
Optionally, the fixing mechanism further comprises an anode end seat shaft 14 and a cathode end seat shaft 15, the anode end seat shaft 14 and the cathode end seat shaft 15 are respectively connected to the anode end seat 11 and the cathode end seat 12, and the anode end seat shaft 14 and the cathode end seat shaft 15 facilitate the installation of the composite electrode assembly on the electrolytic tank 2 of the sodium hypochlorite generator 1.
Optionally, the surface of the anode plate 21 and the surface of the end of the intermediate plate 23 adjacent to the anode plate 21 have a noble metal coating (not shown) of a noble metal selected from at least one of ruthenium, iridium, palladium, rhodium, which has an extremely strong chlorine evolution activity. The surface of the cathode plate 22 and the surface of the intermediate plate 23 adjacent to one end of the cathode plate 22 have a platinum coating (not shown) having an extremely strong hydrogen evolution activity. The reaction speed of the brine solution (sodium chloride aqueous solution) flowing through the composite electrode group 20 is extremely high, the voltage is obviously reduced during constant-current electrolysis, the electric conversion efficiency is obviously improved, the electrolysis efficiency is high, and the electricity consumption cost is obviously reduced.
The surface flatness of the anode plate 21, the cathode plate 22 and the intermediate plate 23 is 0.1mm to 0.2mm, and the anode plate 21, the cathode plate 22 and the intermediate plate 23 with high flatness can avoid the problems of uneven electric field distribution, increased heating value, reduced electrolysis efficiency and the like caused by the instability of electrode spacing.
In order to achieve the above-described high flatness of the anode plate 21, the cathode plate 22, and the intermediate plate 23, the anode plate 21, the cathode plate 22, and the intermediate plate 23 may be manufactured by a manufacturing process including: cutting, first high-temperature annealing leveling, sand blasting, acid washing, coating sintering and second high-temperature annealing leveling. Wherein the high-temperature annealing temperature of the first high-temperature annealing leveling is 700-1000 ℃, and the high-temperature annealing temperature of the second high-temperature annealing leveling is 450-500 ℃. The main materials of the anode plate 21, the cathode plate 22 and the middle polar plate 23 are titanium plates, the titanium plates can be changed into brittleness from toughness through first high-temperature annealing leveling, overlarge deformation in the later processing process is avoided, deformation generated in the processing process can be corrected through second high-temperature annealing leveling, and accordingly flatness of electrode finished products is guaranteed, and electrode flatness can be guaranteed to be very high through twice high Wen Jiaoping. The specific operations of cutting, sand blasting, pickling, and coating sintering may be performed by known techniques, and will not be described in detail herein.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2 to 5, 14 and 15, the present embodiment provides an electrolytic cell 2 for a hypochlorite generator, the electrolytic cell 2 may be an electrolytic cell applied to a sodium hypochlorite generator 1, and the structure of the electrolytic cell 2 of the present embodiment will be described below taking the application of the electrolytic cell 2 to the sodium hypochlorite generator 1 as an example. The electrolytic tank 2 comprises a shell 30, an electrode assembly, a plurality of water baffles 40 and two sealing pieces 50, wherein the mass transfer distance of the electrolytic tank 2 is small, the electrolytic efficiency is high, the heating value is reduced, and the operation energy consumption is reduced.
Specifically, the electrode assembly is located in the casing 30, the casing 30 functions as an electrolytic vessel, in this embodiment, the casing 30 is in a transparent cylindrical shape, and may be made of acrylic material, and the liquid outlet 16 of the electrolytic tank 2 is communicated with the inside of the casing 30. The water baffles 40 are provided with through holes 41 and are sleeved on the electrode assembly at intervals, the water baffles 40 are positioned between the electrode assembly and the inner wall of the shell 30 and are in sealing connection with the shell 30, the water baffles 40 play a role in beam current, and the electrode assembly plays a role in generating sodium hypochlorite by electrolyzing sodium chloride solution. Two sealing members 50 are provided to seal both ends of the case 30, respectively, the sealing members 50 functioning to fix the electrode assembly and seal the electrolytic cell 2, and the sealing members 50 being optionally flanges. In the electrolysis process, under the beam action of the water baffle 40, the electrolytic tank 2 with the structure can ensure that sodium chloride solution completely flows between the anode plate 21 and the cathode plate 22 of the electrode assembly, reduce the mass transfer distance and improve the electrolysis efficiency.
The top of the water baffle 40 is provided with an air hole 42 for air circulation, and the air hole 42 can ensure smooth discharge of hydrogen to realize gas-liquid separation. The O-shaped sealing ring 43 is arranged on the peripheral wall of the water baffle 40, the O-shaped sealing ring 43 is positioned between the peripheral wall of the water baffle 40 and the inner wall of the shell 30, the sealing effect between the water baffle 40 and the shell 30 is improved, and the sodium chloride solution is ensured to flow between the anode plate 21 and the cathode plate 22 of the electrode assembly. Optionally, the O-ring 43 is a fluororubber seal with better corrosion resistance.
Preferably, the electrode assembly is a composite electrode assembly, and the composite electrode assembly is the composite electrode assembly of the first embodiment, and by adopting a fixing mechanism and a fixing mode with specific structures, the defects of uneven electrode spacing and increased heating value caused by deformation of electrodes in the electrolysis process are overcome, reverse current is avoided, and the electrolysis efficiency is improved.
The fixing mechanism further includes two coamings 60 extending in the first direction to pass through the through holes 41 of the water deflector 40 and to be located outside of the at least one composite electrode group 20, and a plurality of right-angle flanges 70 located outside of the coamings 60 and connecting the coamings 60 and the water deflector 40 at the same time.
The fixing mechanism further includes an anode terminal seat shaft 14 and a cathode terminal seat shaft 15, the anode terminal seat shaft 14 and the cathode terminal seat shaft 15 are respectively connected to the anode terminal seat 11 and the cathode terminal seat 12, and the anode terminal seat shaft 14 and the cathode terminal seat shaft 15 respectively seal the sealing members 50 penetrating through both ends of the housing 30.
Example III
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a hypochlorite generator comprising an electrolytic cell 2, a power source (not shown) and a brine pump (not shown), which has the advantage of high electrolysis efficiency, and the structure of the hypochlorite generator of the present embodiment will be described below taking the hypochlorite generator 1 as an example.
Specifically, the electrolytic tank 2 includes a composite electrode assembly including an anode plate 21, a cathode plate 22, and an intermediate plate 23 located between the anode plate 21 and the cathode plate 22. The positive pole of the power supply is connected with the positive plate 21 of the electrode assembly, the negative pole of the power supply is connected with the negative plate 22 of the electrode assembly, the electrolytic power supply adopts a high-frequency switch power supply, the conversion efficiency is up to 92%, and the current-voltage control precision is up to 0.5%. The brine pump is connected to the electrolytic tank 2 through a pipe to supply brine to the electrolytic tank 2.
The surface of the anode plate 21 and the surface of the end of the intermediate plate 23 adjacent to the anode plate 21 have a noble metal coating layer, the noble metal of which is selected from at least one of ruthenium, iridium, palladium, rhodium, and which has an extremely strong chlorine evolution activity. The surface of the cathode plate 22 and the surface of the end of the intermediate electrode plate 23 adjacent to the cathode plate 22 have a platinum coating layer, and the noble metal coating layer has extremely strong chlorine evolution activity. The reaction speed of the brine solution (sodium chloride aqueous solution) flowing through the composite electrode group 20 is extremely high, the voltage is obviously reduced during constant-current electrolysis, the electric conversion efficiency is obviously improved, the electrolysis efficiency is high, and the electricity consumption cost is obviously reduced.
Alternatively, the surface flatness of the anode plate 21, the cathode plate 22 and the intermediate plate 23 is 0.1mm to 0.2mm, and the anode plate 21, the cathode plate 22 and the intermediate plate 23 with high flatness can avoid the problems of uneven electric field distribution, increased heat productivity, reduced electrolysis efficiency and the like caused by instability of electrode spacing.
In order to achieve the above-described high flatness of the anode plate 21, the cathode plate 22, and the intermediate plate 23, the anode plate 21, the cathode plate 22, and the intermediate plate 23 may be manufactured by a manufacturing process including: cutting, first high-temperature annealing leveling, sand blasting, acid washing, coating sintering and second high-temperature annealing leveling. Wherein the high-temperature annealing temperature of the first high-temperature annealing leveling is 700-1000 ℃, and the high-temperature annealing temperature of the second high-temperature annealing leveling is 450-500 ℃. The main materials of the anode plate 21, the cathode plate 22 and the middle polar plate 23 are titanium plates, the titanium plates can be changed into brittleness from toughness through first high-temperature annealing leveling, overlarge deformation in the later processing process is avoided, deformation generated in the processing process can be corrected through second high-temperature annealing leveling, and accordingly flatness of electrode finished products is guaranteed, and electrode flatness can be guaranteed to be very high through twice high Wen Jiaoping. The specific operations of cutting, sand blasting, pickling, and coating sintering may be performed by known techniques, and will not be described in detail herein.
Optionally, the electrolytic tank 2 further includes a casing 30, a plurality of water baffles 40, and two sealing members 50, the composite electrode assembly is located in the casing 30, the water baffles 40 are all provided with through holes 41 and are sleeved on the composite electrode assembly at intervals, the water baffles 40 are located between the composite electrode assembly and the inner wall of the casing 30 and are in sealing connection with the casing 30, and the two sealing members 50 are respectively and hermetically arranged at two ends of the casing 30. In the electrolysis process, under the beam action of the water baffle 40, the electrolytic tank 2 with the structure can ensure that sodium chloride solution completely flows between the anode plate 21 and the cathode plate 22 of the electrode assembly, reduce the mass transfer distance and improve the electrolysis efficiency.
Preferably, the top end of the water baffle 40 is provided with an air hole 42 through which air flows, an O-ring 43 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the water baffle 40, and the O-ring 43 is located between the outer peripheral wall of the water baffle 40 and the inner wall of the housing 30.
Preferably, the composite electrode assembly is the composite electrode assembly of the first embodiment, and by adopting a fixing mechanism and a fixing mode with specific structures, the defects of uneven electrode spacing and increased heat productivity caused by electrode deformation in the electrolysis process are overcome, reverse current is avoided, and the electrolysis efficiency is improved.
Example IV
The present embodiment provides a hypochlorite production system including a hypochlorite generator, and the hypochlorite generator of the present embodiment will be described below taking the example that the hypochlorite generator is the sodium hypochlorite generator 1.
The sodium hypochlorite generator 1 comprises an electrolytic tank 2, wherein the electrolytic tank 2 is a place for generating sodium hypochlorite, and sodium chloride solution is electrolyzed in the electrolytic tank 2 to generate sodium hypochlorite. The electrolytic tank 2 of the embodiment is the electrolytic tank 2 of the second embodiment, and in the electrolytic process, under the beam action of the water baffle 40, the electrolytic tank 2 adopting the structure can ensure that sodium chloride solution completely flows between the anode plate 21 and the cathode plate 22 of the electrode assembly, reduce the mass transfer distance and improve the electrolytic efficiency.
Optionally, the hypochlorite production system further includes a power source, water softener, salt tank, liquid storage tank, and an applicator (not shown). A PLC control cabinet can also be included. Wherein the power supply is used for supplying electric energy to the electrolytic tank 2 for electrolysis, the positive electrode of the power supply is connected with the anode plate 21 of the electrode assembly, and the negative electrode of the power supply is connected with the cathode plate 22 of the electrode assembly. The water softener is respectively connected with the electrolytic tank 2 and the salt dissolving tank to supply soft water to the electrolytic tank 2 and the salt dissolving tank, and the water entering the salt dissolving tank and the electrolytic tank 2 is pretreated by the water softener, so that the hardness of the water is reduced, ca, mg and other ions in the water are effectively removed, the cathode structure in the electrolytic process is reduced, and the electrolytic efficiency is improved. The salt dissolving tank is connected with the electrolytic tank 2 to supply brine, the salt dissolving tank is used for dissolving industrial refined salt into saturated brine, and the saturated brine is mixed with soft water supplied by the water softener to form diluted brine, and the diluted brine is electrolyzed in the electrolytic tank 2 to generate sodium hypochlorite solution. The liquid storage tank is connected with the electrolytic tank 2 to store the generated sodium hypochlorite solution, and the adding device is connected with the liquid storage tank to add the sodium hypochlorite solution to water to be treated.
Optionally, the hypochlorite production system further includes a temperature regulator, a discharge fan, and a controller (not shown). Wherein, temperature regulator is used for adjusting the temperature of the soft water and the salt water that get into electrolysis trough 2, and temperature regulator plays heating, cooling effect, and the temperature of the soft water and the salt water that control gets into electrolysis trough 2 is in the within range of predetermineeing, can avoid the play liquid temperature too high, guarantees product stability, can improve the activation energy again, reduces the power consumption. The discharge fan is used for discharging hydrogen generated by the electrolytic tank 2, the controller is used for controlling at least one of starting and stopping of the hypochlorite production system, controlling the temperature and alarm of soft water and salt water entering the electrolytic tank 2, controlling hydrogen discharge and alarm, controlling the flow rate and alarm of the soft water and salt water entering the electrolytic tank 2, and the controller can remotely control the production of the hypochlorite production system and monitor and alarm the production process. The discharge fan discharges the generated hydrogen, the concentration of the hydrogen is controlled to be below 20% of the lowest limit explosion concentration, and meanwhile, a hydrogen concentration detector and a controller are adopted, and the controller comprises a PLC hydrogen alarm device, so that the safe operation of a hypochlorite production system is ensured. The PLC control system automatically operates and has the functions of temperature alarm, liquid level alarm, hydrogen concentration alarm and the like. The hypochlorite production system has high automation degree, high safety performance, low operation energy consumption and stable and unattenuated hypochlorite solution.
Preferably, the electrode assembly of the electrolytic cell 2 is the composite electrode assembly of the first embodiment, and by adopting a fixing mechanism and a fixing mode with specific structures, the defects of uneven electrode spacing and increased heat productivity caused by electrode deformation in the electrolytic process are overcome, reverse current is avoided, and the electrolytic efficiency is improved.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that various other changes and modifications can be made which are within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A hypochlorite production system, comprising a hypochlorite generator, said hypochlorite generator comprising an electrolytic cell;
the electrolytic tank comprises a shell, an electrode assembly, a plurality of water baffles and two sealing pieces, wherein the electrode assembly is positioned in the shell, the water baffles are provided with through holes and are sleeved on the electrode assembly at intervals, the water baffles are positioned between the electrode assembly and the inner wall of the shell and are in sealing connection with the shell, and the two sealing pieces are respectively and hermetically arranged at two ends of the shell;
the electrode assembly is a composite electrode assembly, and the composite electrode assembly comprises a fixing mechanism and at least one composite electrode group;
the fixing mechanism comprises an anode end seat, a cathode end seat and at least three first clamping piece groups, wherein the at least three first clamping piece groups are positioned between the anode end seat and the cathode end seat and are arranged at intervals along a first direction, each first clamping piece group comprises at least one first insulating clamping piece which extends along the first direction and is arranged at intervals along a second direction side by side, and two ends of each first insulating clamping piece along the first direction are respectively provided with a groove;
the composite electrode group comprises an anode plate, a cathode plate and at least one odd-numbered middle polar plate, wherein the middle polar plates are arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate at intervals along a first direction, projection parts of the anode plate, the adjacent middle polar plates, the cathode plate and the adjacent middle polar plates in a second direction are overlapped, two ends of the anode plate are respectively fixed on the anode end seat and in grooves of first insulating clamping pieces of even-numbered first clamping piece groups adjacent to the anode end seat, two ends of the middle polar plate are respectively fixed in grooves of first insulating clamping pieces of the adjacent two odd-numbered first clamping piece groups or grooves of first insulating clamping pieces of even-numbered first clamping piece groups, and two ends of the cathode plate are respectively fixed on the cathode end seat and in grooves of first insulating clamping pieces of the even-numbered first clamping piece groups adjacent to the cathode end seat;
the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.
2. The hypochlorite production system of claim 1, wherein the top end of the water baffle is provided with an air hole through which air flows, and the peripheral wall of the water baffle is provided with an O-ring seal, and the O-ring seal is located between the peripheral wall of the water baffle and the inner wall of the housing.
3. The hypochlorite production system of claim 1, further comprising a power source, a water softener, a salt-dissolving tank, a liquid storage tank, and an applicator;
the positive pole of power is connected the anode plate, the negative pole of power is connected the negative plate, the water softener is connected respectively electrolysis trough and dissolved salt jar in order to with electrolysis trough and dissolved salt jar are supplied with soft water, dissolved salt jar is connected the electrolysis trough is in order to supply with salt water, the liquid reserve tank is connected the electrolysis trough is in order to store the hypochlorite solution that generates, the feeder is connected the liquid reserve tank is in order to throw the hypochlorite solution to the water that waits to handle.
4. A hypochlorite production system as claimed in claim 3, further comprising a temperature regulator for regulating the temperature of the soft water and brine entering the electrolyzer, a discharge fan for discharging hydrogen gas produced by the electrolyzer, and a controller for controlling at least one of start-up and stop of the hypochlorite production system, controlling the temperature and alarm of the soft water and brine entering the electrolyzer, controlling hydrogen gas discharge and alarm, controlling the flow rate and alarm of the soft water and brine entering the electrolyzer.
5. The hypochlorite production system of claim 1, wherein the even-numbered first clip set further comprises second insulating clips located on both sides of and spaced apart from the at least one first insulating clip, the second insulating clips having outer shoulders facing away from the first insulating clip at both ends in the first direction, both ends of the anode plate of the outer composite electrode set being respectively secured to the anode terminal and the outer shoulders of the second insulating clip of the even-numbered first clip set adjacent to the anode terminal, and both ends of the cathode plate of the outer composite electrode set being respectively secured to the cathode terminal and the outer shoulders of the second insulating clip of the even-numbered first clip set adjacent to the cathode terminal.
6. The hypochlorite production system of claim 1, wherein the anode plate passes between two adjacent first insulating clips of a first clip set adjacent to the anode end socket, the intermediate plate passes between two first insulating clips of a first clip set between two adjacent odd-numbered first clip sets or between two first insulating clips of a first clip set between two adjacent even-numbered first clip sets, and the cathode plate passes between two adjacent first insulating clips of a first clip set adjacent to the cathode end socket.
7. The hypochlorite production system of claim 1, wherein the securing mechanism further comprises two shroud plates extending in a first direction to pass through the through holes of the water shield and to be located outside the at least one composite electrode group, and a plurality of right angle flanges located outside the shroud plates and simultaneously connecting the shroud plates and the water shield.
8. The hypochlorite production system of claim 1, wherein the securing mechanism further comprises an anode end socket shaft and a cathode end socket shaft, the anode end socket shaft and the cathode end socket shaft being connected to the anode end socket and the cathode end socket, respectively, the anode end socket shaft and the cathode end socket shaft sealing through seals at both ends of the enclosure, respectively.
9. The hypochlorite production system of claim 1, wherein a surface of the anode plate and a surface of the intermediate plate adjacent to one end of the anode plate have a noble metal coating, the noble metal of the noble metal coating being selected from at least one of ruthenium, iridium, palladium, rhodium; the surface of the cathode plate and the surface of the end of the intermediate electrode plate adjacent to the cathode plate are provided with platinum coatings.
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| JP6484875B1 (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-20 | 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社 | Vertical electrolyzer |
| CN109972164A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-05 | 江苏永冠给排水设备有限公司 | A kind of bipolarity electrolysis unit |
| CN110820007A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-21 | 深圳大学 | PBI proton exchange membrane electrolysis module and seawater electrolysis hydrogen production device |
| CN111676486A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-18 | 山东山大华特科技股份有限公司 | Sodium hypochlorite production process and device for electrolyzing low-concentration brine by using membrane-free method |
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