CN108193127A - A kind of casting and molding method of rail traffic sleeve type casting - Google Patents
A kind of casting and molding method of rail traffic sleeve type casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN108193127A CN108193127A CN201810021657.4A CN201810021657A CN108193127A CN 108193127 A CN108193127 A CN 108193127A CN 201810021657 A CN201810021657 A CN 201810021657A CN 108193127 A CN108193127 A CN 108193127A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/006—Making ferrous alloys compositions used for making ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
- C22C37/08—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium with nickel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of casting and molding methods of rail traffic sleeve type casting, and including raw material melting, modulation of going bad, casting ladle pre-processes, five steps such as quenched casting and modified heat treatment.The present invention is compared with prior art, on the one hand it effectively raises to waste metal recovery utilization rate, the structural strength, toughness, heat resistanceheat resistant for also greatly improving casting simultaneously are stretched ability, anti-fatigue performance and wear-resisting property, so as to achieve the purpose that raising and improve casting performance, on the other hand the defects of cast-internal stress concentration, slight crack and trachoma being effectively reduced, improves the structural strength of casting product quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of casting and molding methods of rail traffic sleeve type casting, belong to casting processing technique field.
Background technology
At present in sleeve type work piece production process is carried out, such most of workpiece is by casting processing method
It is produced, is processed in sleeve type workpiece fabrication in casting, on the one hand currently employed raw metal lacks waste metal
Effective recovery utilization rate, another aspect raw metal are equal in the performances such as toughness, structural strength, the wearability after forming casting
In various degree there are it is larger the defects of, in addition to this, current sleeve type workpiece often uses in process is cast
Conventional cast processing technology although can meet the needs of actual production, exists in various degree during cast molding
Cast molding operating efficiency is relatively low, and cast-internal is easily caused during cast molding there are trachoma, slight crack and is answered
Power collection moderate defect, while the defects of shrink when also easily there is metal cooling and cause tube-in-tube structure low precision, therefore be directed to
This problem, there is an urgent need to develop a kind of completely new sleeve cast shaping process, to meet the needs that actual production uses.
Invention content
The object of the invention, which is that, overcomes above-mentioned deficiency, provides a kind of casting and forming side of rail traffic sleeve type casting
Method.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of casting and molding method of rail traffic sleeve type casting, includes the following steps:
The first step, raw material melting, first by steel scrap, base iron, Antaciron, ferromanganese, ferrotianium, tungsten-molybdenum alloy press than
Example is added in smelting furnace, wherein when being added operation, each raw material installed from bottom to top each along smelting furnace according to
Stock diameter is put from small to large, is then discharged the air in smelting furnace by argon gas and is made the air pressure constant in smelting furnace
In 1.1-3 standard atmospheric pressures, smelting furnace is then heated to 1400 DEG C-1600 DEG C in 5-10 minutes, until in smelting furnace
Raw material in molten state and stirs evenly, and then keeps the temperature 10-45 minutes;
Second step, modulation of going bad after completing first step operation, are unidirectionally at the uniform velocity stirred molten metal liquid progress in smelting furnace, are stirred
Mix speed for 10-50 minutes/turn, and after stabilization of speed by carburant, modifying agent and rare earth by pressure for 1.1-
2.5 standard atmospheric pressures, temperature are blown into molten metal liquid, and kept the temperature after stirring evenly for 1000 DEG C -1350 DEG C argon gas
10-25 minutes, wherein carburant, modifying agent and rare-earth usage be respectively molten metal liquid total amount 1%-3.5%, 3.5%-
4.5% and 3% -15%;
Third walks, and the deslagging agent for accounting for casting ladle molten metal total amount 10% -30% is laid on casting ladle side wall and pounded by casting ladle pretreatment
Tightly, then the air in casting ladle is discharged by argon gas, finally at 5-15 minutes, casting ladle is at the uniform velocity preheating to 800 DEG C-1300
℃;
4th step, quenched casting, complete third step after, first into the molten metal of molten state add in account for molten metal total amount 3%-
10% agent of denitrogenating carries out modifier treatment, and at the uniform velocity pour into casting ladle by 60%-the 75% of the molten metal of molten state after modifier treatment
It is interior, and 1-10 minutes are kept the temperature under 1200 DEG C-1550 DEG C isoperibols to casting ladle simultaneously, then by remaining molten metal
Liquid is poured into casting ladle and continues keeping the temperature 1-10 minutes under 1200 DEG C-1550 DEG C isoperibols, then will be in casting ladle
Molten metal is cast in molding die;
5th step, modified heat treatment, when molten metal is cast in molding die and is cooled to 800 DEG C -850 DEG C, passes through heating
Equipment in 30-120 minutes by the METAL HEATING PROCESS in molding die and molding die to 900 DEG C-980 DEG C and keep the temperature 1-10
Hour, 180 DEG C -300 DEG C are at the uniform velocity then cooled to 20 DEG C -50 DEG C/h speed, is then existed again by heating equipment
In 30-120 minutes by the METAL HEATING PROCESS in molding die and molding die to 600 DEG C-800 DEG C and keep the temperature 1-10 hours, so
After naturally cool to room temperature i.e. collapsible die and obtain finished product cast blank, wherein in insulating process, with supersonic oscillations device pair
Oscillation operation is carried out to the casting metals in molding die around molding die.
Further, base iron 5% -15% in the first step, Antaciron 3% -10%, ferromanganese 2% -8%,
Ferrotianium 1.5% -11%, tungsten-molybdenum alloy 3% -15%, surplus are steel scrap.
Further, it is more than 85% coke foam that the carburant, which is carbon containing percent by weight, and modifying agent is micro- for SiC simple substance
Any one in powder particles, monocrystalline silicon micro powder granule particle, the equal diameter of particle of the carburant and modifying agent≤
400nm。
Further, the rare earth in the second step is the lanthanide series for including the elements such as Ce, H, Dy, Sm, Gd and Lu.
Further, chemical element content is in the finished product spheroidal graphite cast-iron blank that the 5th step is prepared:C:
3.5-3.7%、Si:2.8-3.3%、Ni:0.5—1.3%、W:1.1—3%、Mn:0.8—8%、Ti:1.5%—4.5%、Cr:0.2—
0.3%、Ce:0.05—0.1%、Hf:0.1—0.25%、Dy:0.03—0.08%、Sm:0.01—0.05%、Gd:0.01—
0.05%、Lu:0.03—0.06%、S:<0.02%; P:<0.02%;Surplus is Fe.
Further, it is microwave irradiation heat source to molding die heat source in the 5th step.
Compared with prior art, the present invention it on the one hand effectively raises to waste metal recovery utilization rate, while also pole
The big structural strength, toughness, heat resistanceheat resistant that improve casting is stretched ability, anti-fatigue performance and wear-resisting property, is improved so as to reach
With the purpose for improving casting performance, it on the other hand can effectively reduce cast-internal stress concentration, slight crack and trachoma etc. and lack
It falls into, improves the structural strength of casting product quality.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the technical process for casting figure of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of casting and molding method of rail traffic sleeve type casting as shown in Figure 1, includes the following steps:
The first step, raw material melting, first by steel scrap, base iron, Antaciron, ferromanganese, ferrotianium, tungsten-molybdenum alloy press than
Example is added in smelting furnace, wherein when being added operation, each raw material installed from bottom to top each along smelting furnace according to
Stock diameter is put from small to large, is then discharged the air in smelting furnace by argon gas and is made the air pressure constant in smelting furnace
In 2.5 standard atmospheric pressures, smelting furnace is then heated to 1580 DEG C in 10 minutes, until raw material is in molten state in smelting furnace
And stir evenly, then keep the temperature 30 minutes;
Second step, modulation of going bad after completing first step operation, are unidirectionally at the uniform velocity stirred molten metal liquid progress in smelting furnace, are stirred
Mix speed for 40 minutes/turn, and after stabilization of speed by carburant, modifying agent and rare earth by pressure be 2.5 standards
Atmospheric pressure, temperature are blown into molten metal liquid, and keep the temperature 20 minutes after stirring evenly for 1000 DEG C of argon gas, wherein carburetting
Agent, modifying agent and rare-earth usage are respectively 2.5%, 4% and the 10% of molten metal liquid total amount;
Third walks, and the deslagging agent for accounting for casting ladle molten metal total amount 25% is laid on casting ladle side wall and pounds tightly, so by casting ladle pretreatment
The air in casting ladle is discharged by argon gas afterwards, finally at 10 minutes, casting ladle is at the uniform velocity preheating to 1000 DEG C;
4th step, quenched casting after completing third step, add in first into the molten metal of molten state and account for removing for molten metal total amount 8%
Nitrogen agent carries out modifier treatment, and is at the uniform velocity poured into the 65% of the molten metal of molten state in casting ladle after modifier treatment, and simultaneously to pouring
Packet keep the temperature 10 minutes under 1450 DEG C of isoperibols, then remaining molten metal liquid is poured into casting ladle and continue
6 minutes are kept the temperature under 1450 DEG C of isoperibols, then the molten metal in casting ladle is cast in molding die;
5th step, modified heat treatment, when molten metal is cast in molding die and is cooled to 840 DEG C, is existed by heating equipment
In 120 minutes by the METAL HEATING PROCESS in molding die and molding die to 980 DEG C and keep the temperature 9 hours, then with 30 DEG C/h of speed
Degree be at the uniform velocity cooled to 260 DEG C, then again by heating equipment in 110 minutes by the metal in molding die and molding die
It is heated to 760 DEG C and keeps the temperature 10 hours, then naturally cool to room temperature i.e. collapsible die and obtain finished product cast blank, wherein keeping the temperature
In the process, with supersonic oscillations device to carrying out oscillation operation to the casting metals in molding die around molding die.
Further, base iron 8%, Antaciron 10%, ferromanganese 6%, ferrotianium 11%, tungsten in the first step
Molybdenum alloy 15%, surplus are steel scrap.
Further, it is more than 85% coke foam that the carburant, which is carbon containing percent by weight, and modifying agent is micro- for SiC simple substance
Any one in powder particles, monocrystalline silicon micro powder granule particle, the equal diameter of particle of the carburant and modifying agent≤
400nm。
Further, the rare earth in the second step is the lanthanide series for including the elements such as Ce, H, Dy, Sm, Gd and Lu.
Further, chemical element content is in the finished product spheroidal graphite cast-iron blank that the 5th step is prepared:C:
3.6%、Si:2.9%、Ni:1.3%、W:2.8%、Mn:7.5%、Ti:3.5%、Cr: 0.3%、Ce:0.1%、Hf:0.15%、Dy:
0.04%、Sm:0.03%、Gd:0.02%、Lu:0.04%、S:<0.02%; P:<0.02%;Surplus is Fe.
It is microwave irradiation heat source to molding die heat source in the 5th step in the present embodiment.
Compared with prior art, the present invention it on the one hand effectively raises to waste metal recovery utilization rate, while also pole
The big structural strength, toughness, heat resistanceheat resistant that improve casting is stretched ability, anti-fatigue performance and wear-resisting property, is improved so as to reach
With the purpose for improving casting performance, it on the other hand can effectively reduce cast-internal stress concentration, slight crack and trachoma etc. and lack
It falls into, improves the structural strength of casting product quality.
Embodiment 2
A kind of casting and molding method of rail traffic sleeve type casting as shown in Figure 1, includes the following steps:
The first step, raw material melting, first by steel scrap, base iron, Antaciron, ferromanganese, ferrotianium, tungsten-molybdenum alloy press than
Example is added in smelting furnace, wherein when being added operation, each raw material installed from bottom to top each along smelting furnace according to
Stock diameter is put from small to large, is then discharged the air in smelting furnace by argon gas and is made the air pressure constant in smelting furnace
In 1.5 standard atmospheric pressures, smelting furnace is then heated to 1540 DEG C in 8 minutes, until raw material is in molten state in smelting furnace
And stir evenly, then keep the temperature 30 minutes;
Second step, modulation of going bad after completing first step operation, are unidirectionally at the uniform velocity stirred molten metal liquid progress in smelting furnace, are stirred
Mix speed for 40 minutes/turn, and after stabilization of speed by carburant, modifying agent and rare earth by pressure be 1.5 standards
Atmospheric pressure, temperature are blown into molten metal liquid, and keep the temperature 15 minutes after stirring evenly for 1350 DEG C of argon gas, wherein carburetting
Agent, modifying agent and rare-earth usage are respectively 1%, 3.5% and the 5% of molten metal liquid total amount;
Third walks, and the deslagging agent for accounting for casting ladle molten metal total amount 15% is laid on casting ladle side wall and pounds tightly, so by casting ladle pretreatment
The air in casting ladle is discharged by argon gas afterwards, finally at 11 minutes, casting ladle is at the uniform velocity preheating to 1250 DEG C;
4th step, quenched casting after completing third step, add in first into the molten metal of molten state and account for removing for molten metal total amount 5%
Nitrogen agent carries out modifier treatment, and is at the uniform velocity poured into the 60% of the molten metal of molten state in casting ladle after modifier treatment, and simultaneously to pouring
Packet keep the temperature 10 minutes under 1450 DEG C of isoperibols, then remaining molten metal liquid is poured into casting ladle and continue
8 minutes are kept the temperature under 1450 DEG C of isoperibols, then the molten metal in casting ladle is cast in molding die;
5th step, modified heat treatment, when molten metal is cast in molding die and is cooled to 850 DEG C, is existed by heating equipment
In 70 minutes by the METAL HEATING PROCESS in molding die and molding die to 980 DEG C and keep the temperature 8 hours, then with 20 DEG C/h of speed
Degree be at the uniform velocity cooled to 200 DEG C, then again by heating equipment in 80 minutes by the metal in molding die and molding die
It is heated to 700 DEG C and keeps the temperature 9 hours, then naturally cool to room temperature i.e. collapsible die and obtain finished product cast blank, wherein keeping the temperature
In the process, with supersonic oscillations device to carrying out oscillation operation to the casting metals in molding die around molding die.
In the present embodiment, base iron 15% in the first step, Antaciron 8%, ferromanganese 4%, ferrotianium 5%,
Tungsten-molybdenum alloy 11%, surplus are steel scrap.
In the present embodiment, the carburant is that carbon containing percent by weight is more than 85% coke foam, and modifying agent is SiC simple substance
Any one in micro powder granule, monocrystalline silicon micro powder granule particle, the equal diameter of particle of the carburant and modifying agent≤
400nm。
In the present embodiment, the rare earth in the second step is the group of the lanthanides member comprising elements such as Ce, H, Dy, Sm, Gd and Lu
Element.
In the present embodiment, chemical element content is in the finished product spheroidal graphite cast-iron blank that the 5th step is prepared:C:
3.5%、Si:3%、Ni:1.1%、W:2.1%、Mn:4%、Ti:13.5%、Cr:0.25%、Ce:0.1%、Hf:0.25%、Dy:0.05%、
Sm:0.04%、Gd:0.03%、Lu:0.05%、S:<0.02%; P:<0.02%;Surplus is Fe.
It is microwave irradiation heat source to molding die heat source in the 5th step in the present embodiment.
Compared with prior art, the present invention it on the one hand effectively raises to waste metal recovery utilization rate, while also pole
The big structural strength, toughness, heat resistanceheat resistant that improve casting is stretched ability, anti-fatigue performance and wear-resisting property, is improved so as to reach
With the purpose for improving casting performance, it on the other hand can effectively reduce cast-internal stress concentration, slight crack and trachoma etc. and lack
It falls into, improves the structural strength of casting product quality.
The basic principles, main features and the advantages of the invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of casting and molding method of rail traffic sleeve type casting, it is characterised in that:The rail traffic sleeve type casting
The casting and molding method of part includes the following steps:
The first step, raw material melting, first by steel scrap, base iron, Antaciron, ferromanganese, ferrotianium, tungsten-molybdenum alloy press than
Example is added in smelting furnace, wherein when being added operation, each raw material installed from bottom to top each along smelting furnace according to
Stock diameter is put from small to large, is then discharged the air in smelting furnace by argon gas and is made the air pressure constant in smelting furnace
In 1.1-3 standard atmospheric pressures, smelting furnace is then heated to 1400 DEG C-1600 DEG C in 5-10 minutes, until in smelting furnace
Raw material in molten state and stirs evenly, and then keeps the temperature 10-45 minutes;
Second step, modulation of going bad after completing first step operation, are unidirectionally at the uniform velocity stirred molten metal liquid progress in smelting furnace, are stirred
Mix speed for 10-50 minutes/turn, and after stabilization of speed by carburant, modifying agent and rare earth by pressure for 1.1-
2.5 standard atmospheric pressures, temperature are blown into molten metal liquid, and kept the temperature after stirring evenly for 1000 DEG C -1350 DEG C argon gas
10-25 minutes, wherein carburant, modifying agent and rare-earth usage be respectively molten metal liquid total amount 1%-3.5%, 3.5%-
4.5% and 3% -15%;
Third walks, and the deslagging agent for accounting for casting ladle molten metal total amount 10% -30% is laid on casting ladle side wall and pounded by casting ladle pretreatment
Tightly, then the air in casting ladle is discharged by argon gas, finally at 5-15 minutes, casting ladle is at the uniform velocity preheating to 800 DEG C-1300
℃;
4th step, quenched casting, complete third step after, first into the molten metal of molten state add in account for molten metal total amount 3%-
10% agent of denitrogenating carries out modifier treatment, and at the uniform velocity pour into casting ladle by 60%-the 75% of the molten metal of molten state after modifier treatment
It is interior, and 1-10 minutes are kept the temperature under 1200 DEG C-1550 DEG C isoperibols to casting ladle simultaneously, then by remaining molten metal
Liquid is poured into casting ladle and continues keeping the temperature 1-10 minutes under 1200 DEG C-1550 DEG C isoperibols, then will be in casting ladle
Molten metal is cast in molding die;
5th step, modified heat treatment, when molten metal is cast in molding die and is cooled to 800 DEG C -850 DEG C, passes through heating
Equipment in 30-120 minutes by the METAL HEATING PROCESS in molding die and molding die to 900 DEG C-980 DEG C and keep the temperature 1-10
Hour, 180 DEG C -300 DEG C are at the uniform velocity then cooled to 20 DEG C -50 DEG C/h speed, is then existed again by heating equipment
In 30-120 minutes by the METAL HEATING PROCESS in molding die and molding die to 600 DEG C-800 DEG C and keep the temperature 1-10 hours, so
After naturally cool to room temperature i.e. collapsible die and obtain finished product cast blank, wherein in insulating process, with supersonic oscillations device pair
Oscillation operation is carried out to the casting metals in molding die around molding die.
2. a kind of casting and molding method of rail traffic sleeve type casting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described
The first step in base iron 5% -15%, Antaciron 3% -10%, ferromanganese 2% -8%, ferrotianium 1.5% -11%, tungsten
Alloy 3% -15%, surplus are steel scrap.
3. a kind of casting and molding method of rail traffic sleeve type casting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described
Carburant be carbon containing percent by weight be more than 85% coke foam, modifying agent is SiC simple substance micro powder granule, monocrystalline silicon micro powder granule
Any one in particle, the equal diameter of particle of the carburant and modifying agent≤400nm.
4. a kind of casting and molding method of rail traffic sleeve type casting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described
Second step in rare earth be the lanthanide series for including the elements such as Ce, H, Dy, Sm, Gd and Lu.
5. a kind of casting and molding method of rail traffic sleeve type casting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described
The finished product spheroidal graphite cast-iron blank that is prepared of the 5th step in chemical element content be:C:3.5-3.7%、Si:2.8-3.3%、Ni:
0.5—1.3%、W:1.1—3%、Mn:0.8—8%、Ti:1.5%—4.5%、Cr:0.2—0.3%、Ce:0.05—0.1%、Hf:
0.1—0.25%、Dy:0.03—0.08%、Sm:0.01—0.05%、Gd:0.01—0.05%、Lu:0.03—0.06%、S:<
0.02%; P:<0.02%;Surplus is Fe.
6. the casting and molding method of a kind of rail traffic sleeve type casting stated according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
It is microwave irradiation heat source to molding die heat source in 5th step.
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CN109128023A (en) * | 2018-08-18 | 2019-01-04 | 南安市春安机械铸造有限公司 | A kind of big ancient cooking vessel gear casting technique |
RU2715931C1 (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-03-04 | Акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "Центральный научно-исследовательский институт технологии машиностроения", АО "НПО "ЦНИИТМАШ" | High-strength cold-resistant cast iron with spherical graphite |
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