CN108189672A - A kind of integrated manipulator of electric automobile based on functional safety - Google Patents
A kind of integrated manipulator of electric automobile based on functional safety Download PDFInfo
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- CN108189672A CN108189672A CN201810029445.0A CN201810029445A CN108189672A CN 108189672 A CN108189672 A CN 108189672A CN 201810029445 A CN201810029445 A CN 201810029445A CN 108189672 A CN108189672 A CN 108189672A
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- Prior art keywords
- main drive
- electric machine
- machine controller
- controller
- drive electric
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0084—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to control modules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
- G01R31/2851—Testing of integrated circuits [IC]
- G01R31/2855—Environmental, reliability or burn-in testing
- G01R31/2856—Internal circuit aspects, e.g. built-in test features; Test chips; Measuring material aspects, e.g. electro migration [EM]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to integration control technology field, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of integrated manipulator of electric automobile based on functional safety that can rapidly enter safe condition.Used technical solution is：A kind of integrated manipulator of electric automobile based on functional safety, including main drive electric machine controller, high voltage power distribution unit and DCDC low-voltage power supply controllers；The main drive electric machine controller setting fault-signal input interface is simultaneously electrically connected with insulation tester and assisted diversion assist controller respectively；The main drive electric machine controller, DCDC low-voltage power supplies controller, insulation tester and assisted diversion assist controller are both provided with main control chip.The present invention can rapidly enter safe condition when electric vehicle breaks down, and improve the safety of driving.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to integration control technology fields, and in particular to a kind of electric vehicle integrated control based on functional safety
Device.
Background technology
Electric vehicle mostly improves the integration of system using All-in-One integrated form controller, to reduce outside vehicle cloth
Line.Majority integrated manipulator is only simple physically to integrate all parts on integration mode at present, integrates
Each unit in controller is all connected to external entire car controller by CAN bus, each list inside integrated manipulator
There is no too many intersection between member, this can lead to integrated manipulator when performing certain serious error protections, perform the time
More than the fault tolerance time of default, i.e. system cannot protect certain catastrophe failures in time.Such as：When auxiliary turns
When breaking down to controller or insulation tester, need to first pass through CAN bus notice entire car controller, entire car controller leads to again
Crossing CAN bus notifies main drive electric machine controller that main drive electric machine controller is made to enter car-parking model.The error protection of this mode
Reaction time is too long, it is impossible in time shut down main drive electric machine controller, there are traffic safety risks.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of electric vehicle collection based on functional safety that can rapidly enter safe condition
Into controller.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of integrated manipulator of electric automobile based on functional safety, including main drive electric machine controller, high voltage power distribution unit
With DCDC low-voltage power supply controllers；It is described it is main drive electric machine controller setting fault-signal input interface and respectively with Insulation monitoring
Instrument and the electrical connection of assisted diversion assist controller；The main drive electric machine controller, DCDC low-voltage power supplies controller, insulation tester
Main control chip is both provided with assisted diversion assist controller.
Preferably, the main drive electric machine controller setting three phase separation IGBT.
Preferably, the present invention is also provided with low-tension supply voltage monitoring module.
Preferably, the present invention is also provided with auxiliary detection chip, and the main control chip is both provided with selftest module, described
Selftest module carries out self-test by below scheme：1) main control chip self-test and to auxiliary detection chip send self-inspection data；2) it is auxiliary
It helps detection chip self-test and receives main control chip data to judge whether main control chip configuration parameter is normal, while by the number of reception
It compares to judge whether main control chip self-inspection data is normal according to the data acquired with oneself；3) detection chip is assisted to master control core
Piece sends testing result；4) main control chip receives and judges testing result, and testing result is not by entering fault mode, detection then
As a result by then normal operation and periodical self-test is carried out, while to auxiliary detection chip sending cycle self-inspection data.
Preferably, the main drive electric machine controller obtains main drive motor position signal by three kinds of paths：A) pass through hardware
Decoding chip decodes rotary transformer to obtain hardware decoded digital signal；B) rotary transformer is carried out by main control chip soft
Part decodes to obtain software decoded signal；C) position signal obtained by software algorithm progress without position estimation；The main drive electricity
The main motor that drives of machine controller control is followed successively by hardware decoded signal, software decoded signal, without position using the priority of position signal
Algorithm signal is put, whether normally, simultaneously the main drive electric machine controller judges each path signal by position signal monitoring module
It is switched to when the position signal of high priority breaks down using time position signal of level-one priority.
Preferably, the present invention is also provided with the master reference group of monitor current and secondary sensor group, the master reference group
It is made of with secondary sensor group three-phase current sensor, the current sensor of the master reference group and the electricity of secondary sensor group
The model and Acquisition Circuit of flow sensor differ.
Preferably, the main drive electric machine controller is also provided with Torque test module, the detection of the Torque test module
Project includes torque range detection and the detection of torque variation tendency.
Beneficial effects of the present invention embody a concentrated reflection of, the present invention be integrated with DCDC low-voltage power supplies controller, insulation tester,
High voltage power distribution unit, assisted diversion assist controller, main drive electric machine controller.It is defeated that main drive electric machine controller is provided with fault-signal
Incoming interface when assisted diversion controller or insulation tester break down, can be believed to the main failure for driving electric machine controller immediately
Number input interface input low level, main drive electric machine controller can be judged according to main drive motor operating state, quick using subtracting
Speed subtracts torque, shuts down the safety measures such as broken height pressure, and system is made to enter safe condition.The present invention loses in generation insulation fault, power-assisted
It loses failure and primary processor is not depended on when the catastrophe failure specified with regard to safe condition can be entered, reaction is rapider, pacifies driving
It gets better protection entirely.In addition, the present invention is also provided with DCDC low-voltage power supply controllers, it can be to assisted diversion power-assisted control
Device processed and main drive electric machine controller carry out low pressure backup power supply, when to main drive electric machine controller and assisted diversion assist controller
When the outer low pressure power supply of circuit board power supply surprisingly disconnects, main drive electric machine controller can be immediately switched to directly supply from DCDC low pressure
Electric controller takes electricity, while to primary processor reporting fault；This invention ensures that in the case of accident power-off, main drive electric machine controller
With the normal operation of assisted diversion assist controller, and then traffic safety has been ensured.
Description of the drawings
The component that Fig. 1 is the present invention forms schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of selftest module；
Fig. 3 is that main drive electric machine controller obtains the main flow chart for driving motor position signal；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of master reference group and secondary sensor group monitor current；
Fig. 5 is the work flow diagram of Torque test module.
Specific embodiment
1~5 the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of integrated manipulator of electric automobile based on functional safety, including main drive electric machine controller, high voltage power distribution unit
With DCDC low-voltage power supply controllers；It is described it is main drive electric machine controller setting fault-signal input interface and respectively with Insulation monitoring
Instrument and the electrical connection of assisted diversion assist controller；It should be understood that the power battery of high voltage power distribution unit from electric vehicle is defeated
Enter high-voltage electricity, and high-voltage electricity is provided to the external control component of main drive electric machine controller, assisted diversion assist controller etc..It is described
Main drive electric machine controller, DCDC low-voltage power supplies controller, insulation tester and assisted diversion assist controller are both provided with master control
Chip.It should be understood that when assisted diversion controller or insulation tester break down, it can be immediately to main drive motor control
The fault-signal input interface input low level of device, it is main drive electric machine controller can according to it is main drive motor operating state be judged,
Quick use slows down, subtracts torque, shuts down the safety measures such as broken height pressure, and system is made to enter safe condition.The present invention is insulating
Failure, power-assisted lose failure and primary processor are not depended on when the catastrophe failure specified with regard to that can enter safe condition, and reaction is more fast
Speed makes traffic safety get better protection.In addition, DCDC low-voltage power supplies controller can be to assisted diversion assist controller
With it is main drive electric machine controller carry out low pressure backup power supply, when to it is main drive electric machine controller and assisted diversion assist controller circuit
When the outer low pressure power supply of plate power supply surprisingly disconnects, main drive electric machine controller can be immediately switched to directly from DCDC low-voltage power supply controls
Device processed takes electricity；It ensure that the main normal operation for driving electric machine controller and assisted diversion assist controller in the case of accident power-off, into
And traffic safety is ensured.
Further, the main drive electric machine controller setting three phase separation IGBT.It should be understood that the present invention is in main drive
Electric machine controller sets three phase separation IGBT, when catastrophe failure occurs for system, can quickly cut off triple line, avoids main drive electricity
There is locking phenomenon in the short circuit of machine phase line, main drive motor；In addition, when main drive motor during high-speed cruising when breaking down, soon
Speed cut-out triple line can prevent the generation of excessively high counter electromotive force, avoid generating excessive brake force, ensured traffic safety.
Further, the present invention is also provided with low-tension supply voltage monitoring module.It should be understood that low-tension supply voltage
Monitoring module can be detected each road voltage, when detecting voltage outside range, then independently send out order, disconnect it is corresponding
Power supply simultaneously switches off three-phase output, into safe condition so that component to be protected not burnt out by overvoltage.
Further, the present invention is also provided with auxiliary detection chip, and the main control chip is both provided with selftest module, institute
It states selftest module and self-test is carried out by below scheme：1) main control chip self-test and to auxiliary detection chip send self-inspection data；2)
Auxiliary detection chip self-test simultaneously receives main control chip data to judge whether main control chip configuration parameter is normal, while by reception
Whether data compare to judge main control chip and assist the self-inspection data of detection chip normal with the data that oneself is acquired；3) it is auxiliary
Detection chip is helped to send testing result to main control chip；4) main control chip receives and judges testing result, and testing result does not pass through
Then enter fault mode, testing result is by then normal operation and carries out periodical self-test, while is sent to auxiliary detection chip
Periodical self-inspection data.It should be understood that the present invention can carry out self-test when powering on and running, self-test project includes：It is interior
Portion's register, power supply, clock, house dog, EEPROM data, FLASH data, RAM data, current sensor position, position pass
Sensor position, IGBT driving circuits, main drive machine winding resistance, inductance, output phase shortage, overcurrent, overvoltage, under-voltage, excess temperature, hypervelocity
Deng.
Further, the main drive electric machine controller obtains main drive motor position signal by three kinds of paths：A) by hard
Part decoding chip decodes rotary transformer to obtain hardware decoded digital signal；B) rotary transformer is carried out by main control chip
Software decodes to obtain software decoded signal；C) position signal obtained by software algorithm progress without position estimation；The main drive
The main motor that drives of electric machine controller control is followed successively by hardware decoded signal, software decoded signal, nothing using the priority of position signal
Position algorithm signal, the main drive electric machine controller judged by position signal monitoring module whether each path signal normal,
And it is switched to when the position signal of high priority breaks down using time position signal of level-one priority.It should be understood that
It is that main drive electric machine controller acquiescence participates in main drive motor control using the decoded position signal of hardware；When position signal monitors mould
When block finds that hardware decoded signal occurs abnormal, then the counting of counter adds one, and order hardware decoding chip is again to rotation
Transformer is decoded；When hardware decoded signal is normal, then counter O reset and control program is performed；When the counting of counter
During more than 3, then judge that hardware decoding breaks down, sends hardware decoding failure, and be switched to and adopt to external entire car controller
Main drive motor is participated in the decoded position signal of software to control；When software decoded signal occurs abnormal, then it is switched to using nothing
Position signal that position algorithm obtains participates in main drive motor control, and to external entire car controller send hardware decoding failure and
Software decoding failure.When the position signal that no position algorithm obtains occurs abnormal, then catastrophe failure measure is performed, is limited
Speed, limited torque or shutdown processing.
Further, the present invention is also provided with the master reference group of monitor current and secondary sensor group, the master reference
Group and secondary sensor group are made of three-phase current sensor, current sensor and the secondary sensor group of the master reference group
The model and Acquisition Circuit of current sensor differ.It should be understood that the master reference group and secondary sensor of the present invention
Group is made of three-phase current sensor, and three sensors form one group, wherein verification of the phase as other two-phase, verify according to
It is zero according to for the sum of three-phase current.Secondary sensor group is as redundancy backup, with the model and Acquisition Circuit of master reference group not
It together, can anti-locking system common cause failure.Master reference group in the process of running in real time to current signal variation with current range into
Row monitoring is immediately switched to secondary sensor group when the monitoring of master reference group occurs abnormal and participates in calculating, to ensure system just
Often operation.When the monitoring of secondary sensor group also occurs abnormal, then exclude master reference group and secondary sensor group monitors error
Current signal and the current signal progress cross-circulation verification monitored to master reference group and secondary sensor group, if verifying successfully,
It then extracts current signal to participate in calculating and report respective sensor failure, if verification failure, system enter safe condition.
Further, the main drive electric machine controller is also provided with Torque test module, the inspection of the Torque test module
Survey project includes torque range detection and the detection of torque variation tendency.It should be understood that the main drive electric machine controller detection
Whether the range for the torque instruction that entire car controller gives and the main range for driving the torque that electric machine controller calculates feedback are normal, and
Judge whether the variation tendency of torque is normal by given torque and feedback torque；Torque range is in advance according to main drive motor
External characteristics be configured.When torque range exceeds preset range, then torque is limited, the limits value of torque can root
It is dynamically adjusted according to the different rotating speed of main drive motor；Then the set-point, weak by regulating and controlling of weak magnetoelectricity stream and torque current is calculated
Magnetoelectricity stream and torque current send torque instruction abnormal failure code to adjust the main torque for driving motor to entire car controller.
When torque variation tendency exception, then it is zero to enable weak magnetoelectricity stream and torque current set-point, i.e., torque instruction is also zero, motor control
Device processed enters degraded running until stopping, while sends torque variation abnormality error code to entire car controller.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that not
Under the premise of the principle and substance of the present invention, many changes and modifications may be made, but these become
More protection scope of the present invention is each fallen with modification.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of integrated manipulator of electric automobile based on functional safety, it is characterised in that：Including main drive electric machine controller, high pressure
Power distribution unit and DCDC low-voltage power supply controllers；It is described it is main drive electric machine controller setting fault-signal input interface and respectively with
Insulation tester and the electrical connection of assisted diversion assist controller；It is described it is main drive electric machine controller, DCDC low-voltage power supplies controller, absolutely
Edge detector and assisted diversion assist controller are both provided with main control chip.
2. a kind of integrated manipulator of electric automobile based on functional safety according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Main drive electric machine controller setting three phase separation IGBT.
3. a kind of integrated manipulator of electric automobile based on functional safety according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Also wrap
Include low-tension supply voltage monitoring module.
4. a kind of integrated manipulator of electric automobile based on functional safety according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Also wrap
Auxiliary detection chip is included, and the main control chip is both provided with selftest module, the selftest module is carried out certainly by below scheme
Inspection：1) main control chip self-test and to auxiliary detection chip send self-inspection data；2) it assists detection chip self-test and receives master control core
Sheet data with judge main control chip configuration parameter it is whether normal, while by the data of reception and oneself acquisition data compare with
Judge whether main control chip self-inspection data is normal；3) auxiliary detection chip sends testing result to main control chip；4) main control chip
It receives and judges testing result, for testing result not by then entering fault mode, testing result is by then normal operation and carries out
Periodical self-test, at the same to auxiliary detection chip sending cycle self-inspection data.
5. a kind of integrated manipulator of electric automobile based on functional safety according to any one in claim 1 to 4,
It is characterized in that：The main drive electric machine controller obtains main drive motor position signal by three kinds of paths：A) core is decoded by hardware
Piece decodes rotary transformer to obtain hardware decoded digital signal；B) software decoding is carried out to rotary transformer by main control chip
Obtain software decoded signal；C) position signal obtained by software algorithm progress without position estimation；The main drive motor control
The main motor that drives of device control is followed successively by hardware decoded signal, software decoded signal, without position algorithm using the priority of position signal
Whether signal, the main drive electric machine controller judge each path signal normally and in Gao You by position signal monitoring module
The position signal of first grade is switched to when breaking down using time position signal of level-one priority.
6. a kind of integrated manipulator of electric automobile based on functional safety according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Also wrap
The master reference group of monitor current and secondary sensor group are included, the master reference group and secondary sensor group are sensed by three-phase current
Device is formed, and the model and Acquisition Circuit of the current sensor of the master reference group and the current sensor of secondary sensor group are not
It is identical.
7. a kind of integrated manipulator of electric automobile based on functional safety according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：It is described
Main drive electric machine controller is also provided with Torque test module, and the detection project of the Torque test module is detected including torque range
It is detected with torque variation tendency.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810029445.0A CN108189672B (en) | 2018-01-12 | 2018-01-12 | Electric automobile integrated controller based on function safety |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810029445.0A CN108189672B (en) | 2018-01-12 | 2018-01-12 | Electric automobile integrated controller based on function safety |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108189672A true CN108189672A (en) | 2018-06-22 |
| CN108189672B CN108189672B (en) | 2020-01-07 |
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ID=62589301
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| CN201810029445.0A Active CN108189672B (en) | 2018-01-12 | 2018-01-12 | Electric automobile integrated controller based on function safety |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108988706A (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2018-12-11 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of electric car driving permanent magnet synchronous motor rotation change decoding redundant apparatus and control method |
| CN110045210A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-23 | 深圳市英威腾电气股份有限公司 | Functional safety detection method, device, functional safety module and detection system |
| CN111267617A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-12 | 郑州精益达汽车零部件有限公司 | Power management system and control method based on five-in-one motor controller |
| CN111591302A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-08-28 | 北京罗克维尔斯科技有限公司 | Vehicle control method and device |
| CN113966492A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2022-01-21 | 日立安斯泰莫株式会社 | Vehicle-mounted control device |
| CN114421841A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-04-29 | 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 | Method, apparatus and medium for identifying motor rotation position signal by software decoding |
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| JP2005007977A (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2005-01-13 | Toyoda Mach Works Ltd | Power steering device for vehicle with multiplex compensation system |
| CN103427761A (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2013-12-04 | Ls产电株式会社 | Motor control apparatus and method of controlling driving of motor by motor control apparatus |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108988706A (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2018-12-11 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of electric car driving permanent magnet synchronous motor rotation change decoding redundant apparatus and control method |
| CN110045210A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-23 | 深圳市英威腾电气股份有限公司 | Functional safety detection method, device, functional safety module and detection system |
| CN113966492A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2022-01-21 | 日立安斯泰莫株式会社 | Vehicle-mounted control device |
| CN111267617A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-12 | 郑州精益达汽车零部件有限公司 | Power management system and control method based on five-in-one motor controller |
| CN111267617B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2023-05-30 | 郑州智驱科技有限公司 | Power management system and control method based on five-in-one motor controller |
| CN111591302A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-08-28 | 北京罗克维尔斯科技有限公司 | Vehicle control method and device |
| CN114421841A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-04-29 | 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 | Method, apparatus and medium for identifying motor rotation position signal by software decoding |
| CN114421841B (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2024-02-13 | 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 | Method, device and medium for identifying motor rotation position signal through software decoding |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108189672B (en) | 2020-01-07 |
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