CN108187464B - Organic waste gas treatment device and waste gas purification method - Google Patents
Organic waste gas treatment device and waste gas purification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108187464B CN108187464B CN201810210097.7A CN201810210097A CN108187464B CN 108187464 B CN108187464 B CN 108187464B CN 201810210097 A CN201810210097 A CN 201810210097A CN 108187464 B CN108187464 B CN 108187464B
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/44—Organic components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20707—Titanium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/80—Type of catalytic reaction
- B01D2255/802—Photocatalytic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
- B01D2259/804—UV light
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
- B01D2259/818—Employing electrical discharges or the generation of a plasma
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides an organic waste gas treatment device and a waste gas purification method, wherein the treatment device comprises a gas-water mixer and a gas-water separator which is positioned at the lower side of the gas-water mixer and is communicated with the gas-water mixer, the gas-water mixer is provided with a waste gas inlet, the upper side of the gas-water mixer is provided with at least one waste gas plasma processor, the waste gas plasma processor comprises a first pipeline, a second pipeline positioned in the first pipeline and a high-voltage electrode attached to the outer wall of the first pipeline, a discharge area for the waste gas to pass through downwards is formed between the first pipeline and the second pipeline, the upper end part of the first pipeline of the plasma processor is communicated with a wind guiding pipe, the wind guiding pipe is also provided with a draught fan, and the wind guiding pipe is also provided with a photocatalysis defogging reflux device for removing moisture, residual ozone, VOCs, NOx and the like in the gas in the wind guiding pipe.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to an organic waste gas treatment device and a waste gas purification method.
Background
The plasma technology is applied to the treatment of the VOCs waste gas, and has become the focus research direction of the treatment of the VOCs waste gas in recent years and the related technical achievements are successfully applied to the actual treatment of the VOCs waste gas because the process does not need to add any chemical reagent, the treatment process is simple and has good effect, the comprehensive operation cost is lower, and the like. Single plasma VOCs exhaust gas direct treatment technology has been developed; the plasma catalytic oxidation technology comprises a catalyst placed in a discharge area or a synergic catalytic oxidation technology placed at the rear end of the discharge area; in addition, there are combinations of plasma technology and other exhaust gas treatment technologies. Since the plasma is generated by applying a high voltage between the electrode pairs to discharge the gas filled therebetween and ionizing the same, the breakdown of the gas layer forms an electrically neutral gas "plasma" generated by the stable discharge process, which includes a large number of active species such as various radicals, high energy electrons, etc.Therefore, the direct and efficient oxidation purification of VOCs in the air flow can be realized by utilizing the air discharge plasma technology. But also because of the safety hazards of ignition, fire or explosion during the treatment of VOCs off-gas with plasma technology. Therefore, the plasma treatment technique reported in the prior art is only suitable for treating the gas inlet concentration lower than 1000mg/m 3 VOCs off-gas of (C); at the same time, by-products such as ozone and NO are generated in the plasma treatment process X Nitrate or organic intermediate products such as tar and the like remain in the tail gas to form new secondary pollution; or the generated nitrate, secondary organic matters and the like are adsorbed or deposited on the surface of the catalyst by the catalyst, so that the catalyst is deactivated, and the plasma synergistic catalytic oxidation effect is reduced, and the maintenance and operation costs are increased. Therefore, these problems are still technical problems that are to be solved in order to limit the application of the plasma technology in the field of VOCs waste gas treatment.
The method breaks through the application technical bottlenecks of the plasma treatment technology, such as secondary pollution caused by low concentration of applicable organic waste gas and generated byproducts; meanwhile, in the process of generating plasmas by utilizing dielectric barrier discharge, when an outer layer metal material of a discharge barrier medium is used as a high-voltage discharge electrode, when a higher voltage is applied to the electrode, electric sparks are generated at the edge (such as a metal foil) or all (such as a stainless steel mesh) of the electrode, air near the electrode is ionized, a large amount of plasmas (such as ozone) are generated and dissipated into the air of an operation environment, so that the air pollution of the operation space is caused, and the health of related personnel is influenced; if the plasma waste gas treatment device is arranged in a relatively open space, the air discharge of the high-voltage electrode and the generated electric spark can bring great potential safety hazard to the production of enterprises. This is another problem to be solved by the plasma exhaust treatment process. In addition, there are often multiple, even tens, emissions sources of VOCs per enterprise, and the processes are in most cases not operated simultaneously, with emissions of VOCs off-gas. Therefore, in order to save energy consumption in the process of waste gas treatment, reduce operation treatment cost and ensure normal production requirements, a new requirement is put on the design of a process system for waste gas treatment in the process of waste gas collection and treatment.
Content of the application
The application aims to solve the technical problem of providing the organic waste gas treatment device and the waste gas purification method which are efficient and clean, are applicable to the organic waste gas concentration range, have lower comprehensive operation cost, safe process, modularized operation and flexible operation, and are used for treating the organic waste gas by the water film/quartz tube double-dielectric barrier discharge plasma synergistic photocatalysis technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides an organic waste gas treatment device, which comprises a gas-water mixer and a gas-water separator which is positioned at the lower side of the gas-water mixer and is communicated with the gas-water mixer, wherein the gas-water mixer is provided with a waste gas inlet, the upper side of the gas-water mixer is provided with at least one waste gas plasma processor, the waste gas plasma processor comprises a first pipeline, a second pipeline positioned in the first pipeline and a high-voltage electrode attached to the outer wall of the first pipeline, the lower end of the first pipeline is communicated with the gas-water mixer, the lower end of the second pipeline is communicated with the gas-water separator, the upper end of the second pipeline is provided with a water distributor, the water distributor is used for leading the water in the second pipeline to be distributed to the outer wall of the second pipeline, a water film layer flowing downwards is formed on the outer wall of the second pipeline, a discharge area for leading the waste gas to pass downwards and upwards is formed between the first pipeline and the second pipeline, the treatment device also comprises a sealer, the waste gas plasma processor is sealed in the sealer, the sealer is communicated with the gas-water mixer, the upper end part of the first pipeline of the plasma processor is communicated with an induced air pipe, an induced draft fan is further arranged on the induced air pipe, a photocatalysis defogging reflux device for removing the water, residual ozone, VOCs, NOx and the like in the gas in the induced air pipe is also arranged on the induced air pipe, the photocatalysis defogging reflux device is communicated with the gas-water separator through a reflux pipeline. In a preferred embodiment, the first pipeline and the second pipeline are coaxially arranged, and the air guiding pipe is made of corrosion-resistant and non-conductive organic materials such as PP.
Preferably, the photocatalysis defogging reflux unit include the box, locate catalytic unit and a plurality of ultraviolet lamp in the box, catalytic unit include a plurality of follow the axial of box is with certain interval setting glass fiber and decorate photosensitive catalyst and transition metal catalyst on this glass fiber surface, a plurality of ultraviolet lamp is followed glass fiber's axis is with certain interval setting.
Preferably, the sealer is communicated with the air-water mixer through an ozone induced draft tube, the ozone induced draft tube is provided with an ozone induced draft tube for conveying the air in the sealer into the air-water mixer, the sealer is also provided with a vent communicated with the external environment, and the vent is provided with a VOCs filter.
Preferably, the lower end of the second pipeline of the exhaust gas plasma processor is connected with the gas-water separator through a water pipeline, and the water pipeline is also provided with a water pump for conveying the liquid in the gas-water separator into the second pipeline.
Preferably, the first pipeline is made of quartz or ceramic material, the second pipeline is made of conductive corrosion-resistant material, such as stainless steel material, the second pipeline is a grounding electrode, and the high-voltage electrode is a stainless steel net tightly attached to the outer wall of the first pipeline.
Preferably, the exhaust gas plasma processor further comprises an intermediate frequency high voltage power supply, the high voltage electrode is connected with the high voltage electrode of the intermediate frequency high voltage power supply, and the second pipeline is connected with the grounding electrode of the intermediate frequency high voltage power supply.
Preferably, the treatment device further comprises a liquid level sensor arranged in the gas-water separator, a gas monitoring sensor arranged at an air outlet of the exhaust gas plasma processor, and an automatic water supplementing device for supplementing water into the gas-water separator.
The application also provides an exhaust gas purifying method using the organic exhaust gas treatment device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Firstly, water in a gas-water separator is conveyed into a second pipeline by a water pump, water flow entering the second pipeline flows into a water distributor from bottom to top to flow back along the outer wall of the second pipeline to form a vertical downward water film layer, and the water film layer passes through the gas-water mixer under the action of gravity and falls into the gas-water separator;
(2) Starting a high-voltage power supply, forming a high-voltage discharge area between the first pipeline and the second pipeline, and discharging the water film layer passing through the discharge area at high voltage;
(3) Then, starting an induced draft fan to enable waste gas to enter the gas-water mixer from the waste gas inlet, mixing the VOCs waste gas with discharged deionized water in the gas-water mixer, fully absorbing the waste gas after pre-oxidation, enabling the water solution absorbing the VOCs to flow into the gas-water separator by gravity to perform gas-water separation, enabling the rising waste gas flow after water absorption to enter a discharge area of a waste gas plasma processor to perform plasma oxidation treatment, and enabling the waste gas flow to be further absorbed at an interface of discharge water;
(4) Starting an ultraviolet lamp in the photocatalysis defogging reflux device, further oxidizing secondary pollution in tail gas, intercepting and removing fog drops under ultraviolet light catalytic oxidation, and refluxing clean defogging water generated in the ultraviolet light catalytic oxidation to a gas-water mixer for recycling;
(5) And starting an ozone induced draft fan, and conveying waste gas generated in the sealer into the gas-water mixer through an ozone induced draft pipe.
Preferably, the volume ratio of gas to water in the gas-water mixer is 2-500.
The organic waste gas treatment device comprises one or more waste gas plasma processors, and in the gas-water mixer, VOCs waste gas is mixed with discharged deionized water and fully absorbed after pre-oxidation, so that the concentration of VOCs in a gas phase is reduced, and the risk of fire and explosion caused by high concentration of the VOCs in the gas phase in the discharge process is avoided. The treated air flow is subjected to mist drop interception and removal through a mist removal reflux device arranged at the upper end of the waste gas plasma processor, and the generated mist removal water containing secondary pollutants in plasma treatment and the water film on the outer layer of the second pipeline flow in parallel and then flow back to the air-water mixer for recycling. Therefore, the safe and efficient treatment of the high-concentration VOCs waste gas by fully utilizing the ozone, hydrogen peroxide and other secondary active products (such as nitrogen oxides and the like) which are not fully utilized and are generated by the double-dielectric barrier high-voltage discharge is realized, the allowable air inlet concentration when the waste gas is safely treated by the conventional plasma technology is expanded, and meanwhile, the secondary environmental pollution problem caused by the emission of the ozone, the nitrogen oxides and the organic byproducts formed in the direct plasma treatment process can be effectively solved. In addition, the sealing device for the treatment device is used for isolating the discharge area of the high-voltage discharge electrode from the environment, preventing accidents caused by high-voltage discharge and recovering active species such as ozone generated by the discharge of the high-voltage electrode. The photocatalysis defogging reflux device is used for intercepting and removing fog drops in the treated waste gas flow; meanwhile, the photocatalysis technology is utilized to further utilize and deeply oxidize residual ozone, hydrogen peroxide and other secondary active products (such as nitrogen oxides and the like) which are not utilized in the high-voltage discharge tail gas and are remained in the water film/quartz tube double-dielectric barrier; the defogging water produced is returned to the gas-water mixer for recycling.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an organic waste gas treatment device according to the present application;
figure 2 is a cross-sectional view in the direction A-A of figure 1,
wherein: 11. an induced draft fan; 12. an air guiding pipe; 2. a gas-water mixer; 21. an exhaust gas inlet; 3. a gas-water separator; 31. a water pump; 4. an exhaust gas plasma processor; 41. a high voltage electrode; 42. a first pipe; 43. a second conduit (ground electrode); 44. a medium-frequency high-voltage power supply; 7. a water distributor; 6. a photocatalysis defogging reflux device; 61. a return line; 9. an instrument control system; 8. a water film layer; 5. a sealer; 51. VOCs filters; 52. an ozone induced draft fan; 53. ozone air guiding pipe.
Detailed Description
The present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting, so that those skilled in the art will better understand the application and practice it.
As shown in the drawings, the present application provides an organic waste gas treatment device, the treatment device comprises a gas-water mixer 2, a gas-water separator 3 positioned at the lower side of the gas-water mixer 2 and communicated with the gas-water mixer 2, the gas-water mixer 2 is provided with a waste gas inlet 21, the upper side of the gas-water mixer 2 is provided with at least one waste gas plasma processor 4, the waste gas plasma processor 4 comprises a first pipeline 42, a second pipeline 43 positioned in the first pipeline 42, a high voltage electrode 41 attached to the outer wall of the first pipeline 42, the lower end of the first pipeline 42 is communicated with the gas-water mixer 2, the lower end of the second pipeline 43 is communicated with the gas-water separator 3, the upper end of the second pipeline 43 is provided with a water distributor 7, the water distributor 7 is used for distributing water in the second pipeline 43 to the outer wall of the second pipeline 43, a water film layer 8 flowing downwards is formed on the outer wall of the second pipeline 43, a discharge area for the exhaust gas to pass downwards and upwards is formed between the first pipeline 42 and the second pipeline 43, the treatment device also comprises a sealer 5, the exhaust gas plasma processor 4 is sealed in the sealer 5, the sealer 5 is communicated with the gas-water mixer 2, the upper end part of the first pipeline 42 of the plasma processor is communicated with an induced air pipe 12, an induced draft fan 11 is further arranged on the induced air pipe 12, a photocatalysis defogging reflux device 6 for removing the water, residual ozone, VOCs, NOx and the like in the gas in the induced air pipe 12 is further arranged on the induced air pipe 12, the photocatalytic demisting reflux device 6 is communicated with the gas-water separator 3 through a reflux pipeline 61. In a preferred embodiment, the first pipe 42 and the second pipe 43 are coaxially arranged, and the air guiding pipe 12 is made of a corrosion resistant, non-conductive organic material such as PP.
The photocatalysis defogging reflux unit 6 include the box, locate catalytic unit and a plurality of ultraviolet lamp in the box, catalytic unit include a plurality of edges the axial of box sets up glass fiber and decorates photosensitive catalyst and transition metal catalyst on this glass fiber surface with certain interval, a plurality of ultraviolet lamp edges glass fiber's axis sets up with certain interval.
The lower end of the second pipe 43 of the exhaust gas plasma processor 4 is connected to the gas-water separator 3 through a water pipe, and the water pipe is further provided with a water pump 31 for conveying the liquid in the gas-water separator 3 into the second pipe 43. The first pipe 42 is made of quartz or ceramic material, the second pipe 43 is made of conductive corrosion-resistant material, such as stainless steel material, the second pipe 43 is a grounding electrode, and the high-voltage electrode 41 is a stainless steel mesh tightly attached to the outer wall of the first pipe 42. The exhaust gas plasma processor 4 further comprises an intermediate frequency high voltage power supply 44, the high voltage electrode 41 is connected with the high voltage electrode 41 of the intermediate frequency high voltage power supply 44, and the second pipeline 43 is connected with the grounding electrode of the intermediate frequency high voltage power supply 44. The treatment device also comprises a liquid level sensor arranged in the gas-water separator 3, a gas monitoring sensor arranged at the air outlet of the waste gas plasma processor 4 and an automatic water supplementing device for supplementing water into the gas-water separator 3.
The photocatalysis defogging reflux device 6 is a glass fiber photocatalysis-defogging reflux device and is used for intercepting and removing fog drops in the treated waste gas flow; meanwhile, the photocatalysis technology is utilized to further utilize and deeply oxidize residual ozone, hydrogen peroxide and other secondary active products (such as nitrogen oxides and the like) which are not utilized in the high-voltage discharge tail gas and are remained in the water film/quartz tube double-dielectric barrier; the generated defogging water flows back to the gas-water mixer 2 for recycling. The photocatalysis defogging reflux device 6 consists of a sealed box body with a certain size, an ultraviolet lamp group and a glass fiber photocatalysis-defogger. The photocatalysis defogging reflux device 6 is composed of a group of glass fiber discs with the thickness of 5mm and the size matched with the box body, and the glass fibers in the discs are made of TiO 2 The catalyst and the transition metal copper are modified; a certain number of ultraviolet lamp groups are arranged on the axis of the glass fiber disc to form an ultraviolet reinforced reaction zone.
The sealer 5 is communicated with the air-water mixer 2 through an ozone air guiding pipe 53, and the ozone air guiding pipe 53 is provided with an ozone induced draft fan 52 for conveying the air in the sealer 5 into the air-water mixer 2. Specifically, a discharge area sealer 5 is processed outside the plasma processor 4 by a PP plate and is responsible for isolating the high-voltage discharge area of the plasma processor 4 from the external environment; the sealer 5 is composed of a sealed box body, a VOCs filter 51, an ozone induced draft fan 52 and an ozone induced draft pipe 53. The VOCs filter 51 is filled with a certain amount of activated carbon profiles (which can be replaced periodically) for adsorbing VOCs in the ambient air entering the sealer 5, so as to avoid the high concentration VOCs accumulated inside the sealer 5 and cause explosion of the exhaust gas treatment device. Ozone induced draft fan 52 is responsible for sending ozone and the like generated in the sealed box body due to the discharging process of high-voltage electrode 41 into the dry pipe of the waste gas to pre-oxidize the waste gas; according to the design requirement, the outlet wind pressure of the ozone induced draft fan 52 is higher than the wind pressure of the main pipe, and a check valve is arranged to prevent the waste gas of the main pipe VOCs from flowing back into the high-voltage discharge area of the plasma processor 4.
The working principle of the organic waste gas treatment device in the embodiment of the application is as follows: according to the current situation of the emission source of VOCs waste gas and the maximum value of the total amount of the emission waste gas, a set of waste gas collecting and conveying system consisting of an explosion-proof induced draft fan 11 and an induced draft pipe 12 which are matched with the maximum air quantity is selected, the real-time air quantity of the induced draft fan 11 is regulated by a frequency converter, and waste gas generated by the relevant VOCs emission source is collected and conveyed into the air-water mixer 2 in the waste gas treatment device; according to the actual collection air quantity of the VOCs waste gas, starting a certain number of plasma processors 4, and fully dissolving the VOCs in the waste gas into the discharged deionized water according to a certain air/water ratio; the aqueous solution that absorbs VOCs then flows by gravity from the stream into the gas-water separator 3 for gas/water separation. The aqueous solution in the gas-water separator 3 is pumped into the ground electrode of the opened stainless steel pipe in the dielectric barrier discharge plasma processor 4 by a water pump 31. The plasma processor 4 is composed of a plurality of dielectric barrier discharge tubes of the same specification, each discharge tube uses a quartz tube as a high-voltage discharge barrier medium, and a 60-mesh stainless steel mesh is closely attached to the outer layer of the tube to serve as a high-voltage electrode 41. The water flow entering the stainless steel pipe grounding electrode flows from bottom to top to a water distributor 7 arranged at the top end of the stainless steel pipe grounding electrode, forms a water film layer 8 vertically downwards along the outer wall of the electrode, and enters a high-voltage discharge area of a working electrode in the plasma processor 4 opposite to the ascending air flow for carrying out plasma oxidation treatment. The tail gas after plasma treatment is subjected to ultraviolet light catalytic oxidation by a photocatalysis defogging reflux device 6 arranged at the rear end of a plasma processor 4 to further oxidize secondary pollution in the tail gas, intercept fog drops and remove the fog drops; the generated clean defogging water flows back to the air-water mixer 2 for recycling. Meanwhile, a PP plate is used outside the quartz tube high-voltage electrode 41 to form a high-voltage electrode 41 discharging area sealer 5 to isolate the discharging area from the external environment. And an ozone induced draft fan 52 is used to introduce active species such as ozone generated by the discharge of the working high-voltage electrode 41 in the discharge area sealer 5 into the air inlet main pipe to pre-oxidize VOCs in the exhaust gas. Thus, the purifying technology and the device for treating the organic waste gas by the water film/quartz tube double-dielectric barrier discharge plasma synergistic photocatalysis technology are formed. The method realizes the further utilization and deep oxidation removal of residual ozone, hydrogen peroxide and other secondary active products (such as nitrogen oxides and the like) which are not fully utilized in the water film/quartz tube double-dielectric barrier high-voltage discharge tail gas by utilizing the photocatalysis technology, and improves the safe and efficient treatment of the high-concentration VOCs waste gas. The technical system not only expands the allowable air inlet concentration when the prior plasma technology safely processes the waste gas, but also thoroughly solves the problem of secondary environmental pollution caused by the emission of ozone, nitrogen oxides and organic byproducts formed in the direct plasma processing process, and further improves the purification efficiency of the waste gas VOCs.
The structure of the organic waste gas treatment device in an embodiment of the application, the specific operation process and main technical parameters thereof are as follows:
according to the maximum discharge flow of VOCs waste gas, 1 explosion-proof induced draft fan 11 with matched air volume and air pressure and an induced draft pipe 12 processed by corrosion-resistant PP or PVC materials are selected to form a collection, transportation and discharge system of waste gas to be treated; the frequency converter is used for adjusting the real-time air quantity of the induced draft fan 11; and the flange is connected with related equipment for treating the waste gas, and the tail gas treatment device is connected with an emission chimney in a sealing way.
A set of gas-water mixer 2 which meets the requirement of a certain gas-water ratio and can meet the size required by the design quantity of the installed discharge tubes is processed by adopting materials such as corrosion-resistant and non-conductive PP or PVC. The intake air amount of each discharge tube is controlled to be the same intake air amount by a flow meter. The working water of the gas-water mixer 2 is deionized water, and is used for fully pre-oxidizing and transferring mass of the VOCs waste gas in the gas-water mixer 2 and fully absorbing the VOCs components in the waste gas in the discharge process, so that the concentration of the VOCs in the gas phase is reduced, and the risks of fire and explosion caused by high concentration of the VOCs in the gas phase in the discharge process are avoided; and promotes the deep oxidation and degradation process of the plasma generated by the discharge on the organic matters in the liquid phase.
Below the gas-water mixer 2 is a gas-water separator 3 of suitable volume size mounted in a sealed manner thereto, as required by the design head. The discharged water solution which fully absorbs the exhaust gas VOCs in the gas-water mixer 2 can smoothly flow into the gas-water separator 3 by gravity, and the exhaust gas absorbed by the discharged water directly enters the corresponding plasma oxidation processor from the upper outlet of the gas-water mixer 2. The gas-water separator 3 is equipped with a bottom valve and is connected to 1 circulating water pump 31. The flow rate of the water pump 31 should meet the requirements according to the technical control requirements of the total air volume and the air-water ratio in the range of 2-500.
A set of quartz Guan Jiezhi is vertically installed above the gas-water mixer 2 to block the discharge plasma processor 4. The plasma processor 4 is composed of a plurality of quartz tubes, and a 60-mesh stainless steel mesh is tightly attached to the outer wall of each quartz tube to serve as a high-voltage electrode 41; each high voltage electrode 41 is connected with a high voltage electrode 41 of a medium frequency high voltage power supply 44 with certain power. A stainless steel pipe is arranged along the axis of the quartz pipe of each plasma processor 4, and each stainless steel pipe is connected with the grounding electrode of the high-voltage power supply and is used as the grounding electrode of the plasma processor 4. A water distributor 7 is arranged at the upper end of each stainless steel pipe grounding electrode in the plasma processor 4; the lower end of each stainless steel pipe ground electrode is connected with a circulating water pump 31 of the gas-water separator 3 by a pipe. After the water pump 31 is started up for the aqueous solution absorbing the waste gas in the gas-water separator 3, the aqueous solution is driven into the stainless steel pipe grounding electrode working in the plasma processor 4 at equal flow rate under the control of the flowmeter, water flows from bottom to top to the water distributor 7 at the top end of the water flow baffle to form a vertical downflow water film along the outer wall of the electrode, and the vertical downflow water film and the waste gas flow which is evenly distributed from the gas-water mixer and is absorbed by the discharge water and rises are oppositely fed into the discharge area of each working quartz pipe to carry out plasma oxidation treatment. Automatic water replenishment and VOCs sensor and meter control system 9. The control system consists of a liquid level sensor, an air quantity sensor and a control system related to the electromagnetic valve by instructions of a VOCs monitoring sensor. The liquid level sensor is arranged in the gas-water separator 3 and is used for supplementing water and issuing a command for stopping supplementing water; the air quantity sensor is used for monitoring the air quantity and issuing instructions for determining the working quantity of the discharge tube; VOCs, ozone and nitrogen oxide monitoring sensors are installed at the air outlet of the exhaust gas plasma processor 4, and the concentration of related indexes in exhaust gas is monitored in real time. According to the concentration of VOCs, ozone and nitrogen oxides monitored in real time, the discharge voltage and the gas/water ratio are optimized, so that the exhaust gas of the VOCs can reach the emission standard, and the emission of high-voltage discharge byproducts is reduced to the maximum extent.
Before the waste gas treatment, the number of the working discharge treatment tubes is determined according to the total inlet air flow of the waste gas, and related parameters are set to control the inlet air and the inlet water of each working quartz tube to be consistent. The water pump 31 is started in advance to corresponding flow so that the air/water ratio is in the range of 2-500; starting a high-voltage power supply and adjusting the discharge voltage of the high-voltage power supply to the working voltage of the plasma processor 4 capable of stably discharging, and enabling the water absorption system to stably operate for 5min; then the ozone induced draft fan 52 and an ultraviolet lamp in the photocatalysis defogging reflux device 6 are started; finally, the VOCs waste gas induced draft fan 11 is started. Thus, a complete water film/quartz tube double-dielectric barrier discharge plasma synergistic photocatalysis organic waste gas treatment deep purification technology and device are formed.
According to the exhaust emission source height and the emission characteristics (such as pollutant types, strong emission sources and the like) of the factory VOCs waste gas, and the specified requirements of the exhaust emission source height and the emission characteristics reach the limit value in the integrated emission standard of atmospheric pollutants (GB 16297), the VOCs monitoring sensor is used as a real-time control instruction, and the technical parameters of the waste gas treatment system are set, so that the whole system is in a fully automatic control state. The waste gas treatment system and the selected relevant equipment can be designed according to the actual requirements of users and the optimized gas/water ratio range, and the water film/quartz tube double-dielectric barrier discharge plasma synergistic photocatalysis organic waste gas deep purification device after parameter optimization can meet the treatment requirements of different types of industrial organic waste gas.
Comparative example: and (3) directly discharging and analyzing the purifying effect of the waste gas containing the dimethylbenzene when the lamp is anhydrous and has no ultraviolet lamp.
The discharge treatment and effect test experiments are carried out on the industrial waste gas containing the dimethylbenzene by adopting the technology and the small test device thereof, wherein the small test device consists of three quartz discharge tubes, and the maximum treatment capacity of the designed waste gas is 0.003m 3 And/min. The experimental results are given in table 1 below. The plasma processor 4 can stably discharge the gas with a power supply voltage of 40-60V under the conditions of no water absorption and no ultraviolet lamp irradiation, and the intake concentration of the plasma processor 4 is 400mg/m 3 And (3) carrying out discharge treatment on the xylene waste gas, wherein the concentration of the xylene at the gas outlet is lower than the emission standard. However, the concentration of total volatile organic compounds TVOC at the air outlet is obviously increased after the voltage exceeds 50V, and the discharge working voltage range of 50V-60V exceeds the allowable discharge standard of TVOC; meanwhile, ozone and nitrogen oxides with higher concentration are monitored at the air outlet.
TABLE 1 purification effect of direct discharge on xylene-containing exhaust gas in the case of anhydrous UV-free lamp
Example 1: and the purification effect analysis of the waste gas containing the dimethylbenzene is carried out by combining the direct discharge of anhydrous absorption with ultraviolet light catalysis.
For industrial waste gas containing dimethylbenzene, the subject group adopts the technology and a small test device thereof to carry out discharge collaborative ultraviolet catalytic treatment and effect test experiments, the small test device consists of three quartz discharge tubes, and the maximum treatment capacity of the waste gas is designedForce of 0.003m 3 And/min. The plasma processor 4 is capable of stabilizing the discharge operation at a supply voltage between 40-60V. Under the conditions of no water absorption but starting the photocatalysis-defogging of glass fiber and the irradiation of an ultraviolet lamp group in a reflux device, under the working voltage, the discharge plasma treatment and the ultraviolet light catalytic oxidation are combined, and the cooperative air inlet concentration is 400mg/m 3 The results of the experiments are shown in Table 2 below. As can be seen from the data in the table, when ultraviolet light catalysis exists, the concentration of the xylene at the air outlet is further reduced, and the outlet concentration of the xylene can be lower than the relevant emission standard under the working voltage of stable discharge; meanwhile, the concentration of total volatile organic compounds TVOC at the air outlet is further subjected to oxidative degradation under the corresponding working voltage. The method has the advantages that under ultraviolet light catalysis, the increase of the TVOC concentration in tail gas after the plasma discharge voltage exceeds 50V is effectively restrained, and only when the highest working discharge voltage is 60V, the TVOC exceeds the emission standard; meanwhile, the concentration of ozone and nitrogen oxides monitored in the tail gas is further reduced, and particularly, the concentration of ozone is obviously reduced; the concentration of nitrogen oxides is relatively high.
TABLE 2 purification effect of direct discharge synergistic photocatalysis on xylene-containing exhaust gas without water absorption
Example 2: and (3) analyzing the purifying effect of the water film-quartz tube discharge in cooperation with ultraviolet light catalysis on the waste gas containing the xylene.
Under the condition of controlling the gas-water ratio by adopting the technology and the small test device, the treatment and effect test experiment of the high-concentration xylene industrial waste gas is carried out by the water film-quartz tube discharge cooperated with ultraviolet light catalysis. During experiments, the working voltage of the high-voltage power supply is controlled to be 50V, and ultraviolet light is started; the concentration of the xylene inlet gas is controlled to be 1000mg/m 3 . The experimental results are given in table 3 below. In the range of 2-500 of gas-water ratio, the water film-high voltage discharge plasma and ultraviolet light catalysis are adopted to cooperatively treat the high-concentration xylene waste gas, and the gas is discharged after the gas is purified by a processorThe concentrations of oroxylene and TVOC are all below emission standards; and simultaneously, the concentration of ozone and nitrogen oxides monitored at the air outlet is lower than 1ppm.
TABLE 3 Water film-Quartz tube discharge synergistic ultraviolet light catalytic purification effect on xylene-containing waste gas (average monitoring concentration for 6h of operation)
Example 3: and (3) analyzing the long-term purifying effect of the water film-quartz tube discharge in cooperation with ultraviolet light catalysis on the waste gas containing the xylene.
By adopting the technology and the small test device thereof, discharge synergistic ultraviolet light catalytic treatment and effect test experiments are carried out on the industrial waste gas containing high concentration xylene under the condition of controlling the gas-water ratio. During experiments, the working voltage of the high-voltage power supply is controlled to be 50V, and the inlet concentration of the dimethylbenzene is controlled to be 1000mg/m 3 . Experiments show that the technical system operates for a long time in a proper gas-water ratio for 6 days, has ideal treatment effect on waste gas and operates stably. Meanwhile, the phenomenon of accumulation of organic matters in water (the concentration of xylene and total organic carbon TOC in water is very low) is not found; the nitrate and nitrite in water do not accumulate (the nitrate concentration in water increases with the increase of the concentration of the inlet xylene, but is maintained within 50mg/L, and the nitrite is detected occasionally and the concentration is lower).
The experimental results are given in table 4 below. In the range of 4-500 of the gas-water ratio, the water film-high pressure discharge plasma is adopted to cooperate with ultraviolet light catalytic treatment technology to carry out discharge treatment on high-concentration xylene waste gas for 6 days, and after the high-concentration xylene waste gas is purified by the processor, the concentration of the xylene and total volatile organic compounds TVOC in the tail gas of the gas outlet are obviously lower than the concentration of the xylene; the concentration of ozone and nitrogen oxides at the air outlet is detected to be lower than 1ppm. Simultaneously, the concentration of dimethylbenzene and total organic carbon TOC in water is lower than 10mg/L; the nitrate and nitrite in the water do not accumulate, the nitrate fluctuates in the range of 20-40mg/L, and the nitrite is detected occasionally.
TABLE 4 Water film-Quartz tube discharge synergistic ultraviolet light catalytic purification effect on xylene-containing waste gas (average monitoring concentration for run 6 d)
Example 4: and (3) analyzing the purification effect of the water film-quartz tube discharge in cooperation with ultraviolet light catalysis on the phenol-containing waste gas in the chemical synthesis workshop.
The treatment test of phenol-containing waste gas in chemical synthesis plants was carried out by using this technique and a small test device, and the experimental results are shown in the following table 5. As can be seen from the table, the phenol content of the exhaust gas stream during the experiment was approximately 1000mg/m 3 And the gas-water ratio is controlled within the range of 2-500, and the concentration of phenol and TVOC in the tail gas of the system exhaust outlet can meet the requirement limit value of the emission standard within the range of design processing capacity. The experimental results show that the technology has good purifying effect on waste gas containing phenol with higher concentration.
TABLE 5 purification effect of water film-quartz tube discharge in cooperation with ultraviolet light catalysis on phenol-containing waste gas (air flow temperature is 45 ℃ C.)
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully explaining the present application, and the scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art based on the present application, and are intended to be within the scope of the present application. The protection scope of the application is subject to the claims.
Claims (6)
1. An organic waste gas treatment device is characterized in that,
the treatment device comprises a gas-water mixer and a gas-water separator which is positioned at the lower side of the gas-water mixer and is communicated with the gas-water mixer, the gas-water mixer is provided with an exhaust gas inlet, the upper side of the gas-water mixer is provided with at least one exhaust gas plasma processor,
the exhaust gas plasma processor comprises a first pipeline, a second pipeline positioned in the first pipeline, and a high-voltage electrode attached to the outer wall of the first pipeline, wherein the lower end of the first pipeline is communicated with the gas-water mixer, the lower end of the second pipeline is communicated with the gas-water separator, the upper end part of the second pipeline is provided with a water distributor, the water distributor is used for distributing water in the second pipeline to the outer wall of the second pipeline, a water film layer flowing downwards is formed on the outer wall of the second pipeline, a discharge area for the exhaust gas to pass downwards and upwards is formed between the first pipeline and the second pipeline,
the treatment device also comprises a sealer, the waste gas plasma processor is sealed in the sealer, the sealer is communicated with the gas-water mixer through an ozone induced draft tube, an ozone induced draft fan for conveying the gas in the sealer into the gas-water mixer is arranged on the ozone induced draft tube, a vent communicated with the external environment is also arranged on the sealer, a VOCs filter is arranged at the vent,
the upper end of the first pipeline of the plasma processor is communicated to an induced draft pipe, an induced draft fan is further arranged on the induced draft pipe, a photocatalysis defogging reflux device for removing moisture in gas in the induced draft pipe is further arranged on the induced draft pipe, the photocatalysis defogging reflux device is communicated to the gas-water separator through a reflux pipeline, the first pipeline is made of quartz or ceramic materials, the second pipeline is made of conductive corrosion-resistant materials, the second pipeline is a grounding electrode, the high-voltage electrode is a stainless steel net tightly attached to the outer wall of the first pipeline, the waste gas plasma processor further comprises an intermediate-frequency high-voltage power supply, the high-voltage electrode is connected with the high-voltage electrode of the intermediate-frequency high-voltage power supply, and the second pipeline is connected with the grounding electrode of the intermediate-frequency high-voltage power supply.
2. The device for treating organic waste gas according to claim 1, wherein the photocatalytic demisting and refluxing device comprises a box body, a catalytic device arranged in the box body and a plurality of ultraviolet lamps, wherein the catalytic device comprises a plurality of glass fibers, a photosensitive catalyst and a transition metal catalyst which are arranged on the surfaces of the glass fibers at certain intervals along the axial direction of the box body, and the ultraviolet lamps are arranged at certain intervals along the axial direction of the glass fibers.
3. An organic waste gas treatment apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower end of the second conduit of the waste gas plasma treatment apparatus is in communication with the gas-water separator via a water conduit, and a water pump for conveying the liquid in the gas-water separator into the second conduit is further provided on the water conduit.
4. An organic waste gas treatment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said treatment device further comprises a liquid level sensor mounted in the gas-water separator, a gas monitoring sensor mounted at the outlet of the waste gas plasma processor, and an automatic water replenishment device for replenishing water in said gas-water separator.
5. An exhaust gas purifying method using the organic exhaust gas treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the purifying method comprises the steps of:
(1) Firstly, water in a gas-water separator is conveyed into a second pipeline by a water pump, water flow entering the second pipeline flows into a water distributor from bottom to top to flow back along the outer wall of the second pipeline to form a vertical downward water film layer, and the water film layer passes through the gas-water mixer under the action of gravity and falls into the gas-water separator;
(2) Starting a high-voltage power supply, forming a high-voltage discharge area between the first pipeline and the second pipeline, and discharging the water film layer passing through the discharge area at high voltage;
(3) Then, starting an induced draft fan to enable waste gas to enter the gas-water mixer from the waste gas inlet, mixing the VOCs waste gas with discharged deionized water in the gas-water mixer, fully absorbing the waste gas after pre-oxidation, enabling the water solution absorbing the VOCs to flow into the gas-water separator by gravity to perform gas-water separation, enabling the rising waste gas flow after water absorption to enter a discharge area of a waste gas plasma processor to perform plasma oxidation treatment, and enabling the waste gas flow to be further absorbed at an interface of discharge water;
(4) Starting an ultraviolet lamp in the photocatalysis defogging reflux device, further oxidizing secondary pollution in tail gas, intercepting and removing fog drops under ultraviolet light catalytic oxidation, and refluxing clean defogging water generated in the ultraviolet light catalytic oxidation to a gas-water mixer for recycling;
(5) And starting an ozone induced draft fan, and conveying waste gas generated in the sealer into the gas-water mixer through an ozone induced draft pipe.
6. The method of purifying exhaust gas according to claim 5, wherein the gas-water mixer has a gas/water volume ratio of 2 to 500.
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