CN108181501A - A kind of current signal Acquisition Circuit with protective effect - Google Patents
A kind of current signal Acquisition Circuit with protective effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN108181501A CN108181501A CN201810060944.6A CN201810060944A CN108181501A CN 108181501 A CN108181501 A CN 108181501A CN 201810060944 A CN201810060944 A CN 201810060944A CN 108181501 A CN108181501 A CN 108181501A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of current signal Acquisition Circuit with protective effect, the circuit includes signal acquisition circuit, the sensor being connect including power module, with the power module and the signal conditioning circuit being connect with the sensor；First current detection circuit monitors, and output overcurrent status signal the output current state status of the power supply circuit of sensor in signal acquisition circuit；Second current detection circuit monitors circuital current state status in the signal conditioning circuit in current signal Acquisition Circuit, and output overcurrent status signal.The current signal Acquisition Circuit with protective effect of the present invention; it is while collecting sensor signal is realized; power supply short circuit is solved to ground; or power supply short circuit to signal input port when; the problem of internal components may being caused to damage, is greatly broadened internal amplifier, analog switch device range of choice and flexibility.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to signal acquisition circuits, and in particular to a kind of current signal Acquisition Circuit with protective effect.
Background technology
At present, existing most of sensors all develop to two-wire system, it only has two piece-root grafting lines, signal transmission 4~20mA
The advantages that in electric current, thus, long transmission distance succinct with line, inhibition crosstalk ability are strong, safety anti-explosive.Two-wire system sensor
Wherein piece-root grafting line connection 24v power modules, another piece-root grafting line exports the electric current in the range of 4~20mA.Traditional two-wire system passes
Sensor current output signal Acquisition Circuit is simple in structure, as shown in Figure 1, power module (PMS) is powered for sensor, power module
Power supply be typically 24v, can be by low-dropout regulator (LDO), DC converter (DCDC) or A.C.-D.C. converter
(ACDC) this kind of power module management system is realized.The current signal of sensor output is converted to voltage letter after resistance R1
Number, after buffer operational amplifier (OP) processing, analog-digital converter (ADC) samples it, amplitude quantizing.Due to working as
Preceding overwhelming majority ADC is operating on low voltage device, it can only operate in 5v power supplys or below 5v power supplys, in order to realize that 20ma corresponds to mould
Number converter ADC full scales, the pressure drop at R1 both ends cannot be more than 5v, i.e. the resistance of R1 is typically less than or equal to 250 Ω.Wherein
P0 and P1 is PTC thermistor, it can limit the electric current flowed through.D0 and D1 is transient voltage suppressor diode pipe (TVS pipe),
The energy of Electro-static Driven Comb (ESD) or surge can be absorbed.But in specific application process, it is also faced with some practical electricity
Road protection problem.For example, due to maloperation, 24v power supply modules are directly accessed current input terminal mouth I1, can cause so interior
The low-voltage device in portion, if operational amplifier (OP) during overvoltage because damaging.If operational amplifier (OP) selects high voltage bearing device,
The inevitable range of choice for defining operational amplifier significantly.Lack meanwhile when there is such electric voltage exception phenomenon, in circuit corresponding
Fault cues, if not pinpointing the problems quickly, PTC thermistor P0 and P1 flow continuously through larger electric current, cause constantly to send out
Heat influences the stability and reliability of system.In addition, as shown in Fig. 2, multi channel currents signal acquiring system a kind of realization
It is difficult almost to search out suitable high pressure resistant analog switch device in structure.
In conclusion in traditional current signal Acquisition Circuit, when accessing high voltage suddenly in circuit, do not have in circuit
There is the prompting of circuit abnormality and handle, and protect the component in circuit abnormal, it would be highly desirable to be further improved.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of current signal Acquisition Circuit with protective effect, to solve existing electricity
It flows and lacks circuit abnormality prompting present in signal acquisition circuit, it is impossible to the defects of protecting the component in circuit.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of current signal Acquisition Circuit with protective effect, the circuit
Including:
Signal acquisition circuit, the sensor being connect including power module, with the power module and with the sensing
The signal conditioning circuit of device connection；
First current detection circuit supervises the output current state status of sensor feed circuit in signal acquisition circuit
Depending on, and output overcurrent status signal；
Second current detection circuit monitors circuital current state status in the signal conditioning circuit, and output overcurrent
Status signal；
Current foldback circuit, for the output according to first current detection circuit or second current detection circuit
Over-current state signal, control disconnection and the time-delay closing of sensor feed circuit.
In one embodiment of the present of invention, switching circuit, the switch electricity are also associated on the sensor feed circuit
Road includes mos pipes, and the one end of the grids of the mos pipes respectively with R1 resistance and R2 resistance is connect, the other end of R2 resistance and institute
The output terminal connection of current foldback circuit is stated, the other end of R1 resistance is connect with the power module；
The drain electrode of the mos pipes is connect with the sensor；
The source electrode of the mos pipes is connect with the power module.
In one embodiment of the present of invention, the drain electrode of the mos pipes is connect with one end of first PTC thermistor,
The other end of first PTC thermistor is connect respectively with the first TVS pipe, the sensor.
In one embodiment of the present of invention, first current detection circuit includes the first current amplifier and resistance
R0, the resistance R0 are connected on the sensor feed circuit, the electrode input end of the current amplifier and the resistance
R0 one end connects, and the negative input of the current amplifier connect with the other end of resistance R0, the current amplifier it is defeated
Outlet is connect with the current foldback circuit.
In one embodiment of the present of invention, second current detection circuit include the second current amplifier and with it is described
The resistance R3 of modulate circuit connection, the electrode input end of second current amplifier are connect with resistance R3 one end, cathode input
End is connect with the other end of resistance R3, and the output terminal of second current amplifier is connect with the current foldback circuit.
In one embodiment of the present of invention, the current foldback circuit includes first voltage comparator, second voltage compares
Device, resistance R4, resistance R5, resistance R6, resistance R7, resistance R8, capacitance C1 and 555 chips；
The first voltage comparator input terminal is connect with first current detection circuit, the first voltage comparator
Output terminal connect by the R4 resistance with the TRIG ends of 555 chip；
The second voltage comparator input terminal is connect with second current detection circuit, the second voltage comparator
Output terminal connect by the R5 resistance with the TRIG ends；
The power module is connect by the R6 resistance with the TRIG ends；
The power module is connected by the Dis ends of the R7 resistance and 555 chips, THR ends and described capacitance C1 one end
It connects, the other end ground connection of the capacitance C1；
The Q ends output control signal of 555 chip controls disconnection and the time-delay closing of the sensor feed circuit.
In one embodiment of the present of invention, the current foldback circuit further includes abnormal prompt circuit, the abnormal prompt
Circuit includes resistance R8 and light emitting diode D1, and the Q ends of 555 chip pass through the resistance R8 and the light emitting diode
D1 anodes connect, the cathode ground connection of the light emitting diode D1.
In one embodiment of the present of invention, the signal conditioning circuit includes fortune current-to-voltage converting circuit, operation amplifier
Device and analog-digital converter；
The current-to-voltage converting circuit includes the second TVS pipe, third TVS pipe, PTC thermistor, resistance R10, first
Diode, the second diode, the input terminal of the current-to-voltage converting circuit respectively with second TVS pipe, the 2nd PTC temperature-sensitives
Resistance one end connects, the other end of second PTC thermistor respectively with the third TVS pipe, one end of the R10 resistance
Connection, the other end ground connection of the R10, the negative pole end connection of the positive terminal of first diode, second diode, institute
The negative pole end for stating the first diode is connect with the input terminal of second current detection circuit；
The output terminal of the current-to-voltage converting circuit is connect with the input terminal of the operational amplifier, the operation amplifier
The output terminal of device is connect with the input terminal of the analog-digital converter.
The invention has the advantages that：
The current signal Acquisition Circuit with protective effect of the present invention, while collecting sensor signal is realized,
When solving power supply short circuit perfectly to ground or power supply short circuit to signal input port, it may lead to what internal components damaged
Problem is greatly broadened internal amplifier, analog switch device range of choice and flexibility.When there is such failure simultaneously,
Abnormal prompt circuit can provide corresponding prompting in time.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is traditional current signal Acquisition Circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of traditional multi channel currents signal acquiring system.
Fig. 3 is the current signal Acquisition Circuit figure with protective effect of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the current signal Acquisition Circuit schematic diagram with protective effect of one embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the present invention provides a kind of current signal Acquisition Circuit with protective effect, including letter
Number Acquisition Circuit, the signal acquisition circuit include power module 50, the sensor SD1 being connect with power module 50 and with sensing
The signal conditioning circuit 40 of device SD1 connections；First current detection circuit 10, the power supply to sensor in current signal Acquisition Circuit
The output current state status monitoring of circuit, and output overcurrent status signal；Second current detection circuit 20, to signal condition electricity
Circuital current state status monitors in road 40, and output overcurrent status signal；Current foldback circuit 30, for according to the first electric current
The over-current state signal of the output of 10 or second current detection circuit 20 of detection circuit, control sensor SD1 power supply circuits break
It opens and time-delay closing.The current signal Acquisition Circuit with protective effect of the present invention is realizing the same of collecting sensor signal
When, it solves power module perfectly and is shorted to ground or power module may to cause in circuit when being shorted to signal input port
The problem of portion's device failure, internal amplifier, analog switch device etc., can also select low-voltage device, be greatly broadened selection
Range and flexibility, while when there is such failure, corresponding prompting can be provided in time.
Wherein, switching circuit 60 is also associated on sensor feed circuit, switching circuit 60 includes mos pipes M0, mos pipe M0
One end respectively with R1 resistance and R2 resistance of grid connect, the other end of R2 resistance and the output signal end of current foldback circuit
Ctr connections, the other end of R1 resistance are connect with power module 50；The drain electrode of mos pipes M0 is connect with sensor SD1；Mos pipes M0's
Source electrode is connect with power module 50.The drain electrode of mos pipes M0 is connect with one end of the first PTC thermistor P0, the first PTC temperature-sensitives electricity
The other end of resistance P0 is connect respectively with the first TVS pipe D0, sensor SD1.
Specifically, the first current detection circuit 10 includes the first current amplifier CC1 and resistance R0, resistance R0 is connected on
On sensor SD1 power supply circuits, the electrode input end of the first current amplifier CC1 is connect with resistance R0 one end, and the first electric current is put
The negative input of big device CC1 is connect with the other end of resistance R0, output terminal and the overcurrent protection electricity of the first current amplifier CC1
Road 30 connects.Second current detection circuit 20 includes the second current amplifier CC2 and the electricity being connect with signal conditioning circuit 40
R3 is hindered, the electrode input end of the second current amplifier CC2 is connect with resistance R3 one end, the other end of negative input and resistance R3
Connection, the output terminal of the second current amplifier CC2 are connect with current foldback circuit 30.
Wherein, current foldback circuit 30 includes first voltage comparator CM1, second voltage comparator CM2, resistance R4, electricity
Hinder R5, resistance R6, resistance R7, resistance R8, capacitance C1 and 555 chips；First voltage comparator CM1 input terminals and the first electric current
10 output terminal of detection circuit connects, and the output terminal of first voltage comparator CM1 is connected by the TRIG ends of resistance R4 and 555 chips
It connects；Second voltage comparator CM2 input terminals are connect with the second current detection circuit output terminal, and second voltage comparator CM2's is defeated
Outlet is connect by R5 resistance with TRIG ends；Power module is connect by the R6 resistance with TRIG ends；Power module passes through R7
Resistance is connect with the Dis ends, THR ends and capacitance C1 one end of 555 chips, the other end ground connection of capacitance C1；The Q ends of 555 chips
The disconnection of output control signal control sensor feed circuit and time-delay closing.Abnormal prompt is further included in current foldback circuit 31
Circuit, including resistance R8 and light emitting diode D1, the Q ends of 555 chips are connected by resistance R8 and light emitting diode D1 anodes
It connects, the cathode ground connection of light emitting diode.
Signal conditioning circuit 40 includes fortune current-to-voltage converting circuit 41, operational amplifier OP and analog-digital converter ADC；
Current-to-voltage converting circuit 41 includes the second TVS pipe D10, third TVS pipe D11, the second PTC thermistor P1, resistance R10, the
One diode D12, the second diode D13, the input terminal of current-to-voltage converting circuit 41 respectively with the second TVS pipe D10, second
PTC thermistor P1 one end connects, the other end of the second PTC thermistor P1 respectively with third TVS pipe D11, R10 resistance one
End connection, the other end ground connection of R10 resistance, the negative pole end connection of the positive terminal of the first diode D12, the second diode D13, the
The negative pole end of one diode D12 is connect with the input terminal of the second current detection circuit；The output terminal of current-to-voltage converting circuit 41
It is connect with the input terminal of operational amplifier OP, simulation is additionally provided between current-to-voltage converting circuit 41 and operational amplifier OP and is opened
S1 is closed, the output terminal of operational amplifier OP is connect with the input terminal of analog-digital converter ADC.
As shown in figure 3, by accessed on the circuit PV to power to sensor SD1 the first current detection circuit 10 and
The second current detection circuit 20 is accessed on signal conditioning circuit PI, passes through the first current detection circuit 10 and the second current detecting
Circuit 20 monitors the electric current on two accesses.When occurring more than exception on sensor SD1 power supply circuits and signal conditioning circuit 40
During the situation of electric current, current foldback circuit switchs S0, interruption cut-out sensor feed circuit so that power module by control
PMS will not always export overcurrent, and when the input terminal of signal conditioning circuit 40 is shorted to feeder ear, diode D1 absorbs
Overcurrent, this portion of electrical current also flow through thermistor P1, and when the threshold current for reaching thermistor P1, thermistor P1 makes
The electric current that P1 must be flowed through becomes larger little with both ends pressure difference and is changed, i.e., thermistor P1 resistance follows both ends pressure difference increase and increases
Greatly.By the combination of thermistor P1 and diode D1, by resistance R1 one end highest clamper in V1+0.7v or so.V1 can be set
It is scheduled on low-voltage device (operational amplifier OP, analog switch S) power module voltage range, the component in circuit will not be in short circuit
It is damaged during power module.Current foldback circuit standby current state status simultaneously, over-current state signal is provided by sound and light signal
Abnormal prompt, user is prompted to remove abnormal setting in time.When unusual condition removes, current foldback circuit 30 automatically controls out
It closes S0 and recloses sensor supply access.
As shown in figure 4, by taking one CH1 signal conditioning circuits of channel as an example, illustrate the electric current with protective effect of the present invention
The working mechanism of signal acquisition circuit, when signal acquisition circuit works normally, two-wire system sensor SD1 power inputs connect power supply mould
The input terminal I1 of block PMS VDD1, two-wire system sensor SD1 output termination signal conditioning circuit 40, two wires sensor SD1 outputs
4~20mA electric current the C of standard, electric current C pass through the second PTC thermistor P1, flow into ground after resistance R10.Voltage on resistance R10
Signal V=C*R, when switch S1 is closed, voltage signal V is sent after operational amplifier OP buffers (also can suitably amplify, filter)
It is sampled, after amplitude quantizing to analog-digital converter ADC, digitized information can be further processed, it is mechanical, electrical to be stored in monolithic
In the systems such as brain, one CH1 signal conditioning circuits of channel are with regard to this completion Signals collecting function.Similarly, when S2 is closed, acquisition channel
Sensor signal on two CH2, and so on.The D10 in the Acquisition Circuit of the present invention, D11 are as absorption surge and ESD energy
Device, normal work when will not play a role, when there is abnormal operation, as VDD1 is directly connected to signal conditioning circuit
When on input terminal I1, mono- terminal voltages of resistance R10>VDD2+0.7.The electric current C1 ' flowed through on input channel can be much larger than 20mA, surpass
The electric current C2 ' for crossing 20mA flows through the second PTC thermistor P1, the first diode D12, the pressure at the second PTC thermistor P1 both ends
Difference increases with electric current and is increased.The current potential of the second PTC thermistor P1 and the first diode D12 combination clamp resistance R10 one end
No more than the pressure-resistant range of switch S1 and operational amplifier OP, because being threatened without being damaged.Electric current C2 ' flows through resistance R3
Afterwards, resistance R3 both ends pressure difference VR3=C2 ' * R3.After second current amplifier CC2 processing amplification voltage VR3 signals, it is sent to second
Voltage comparator CM2 one end, makes comparisons with reference voltage Vref 2.When electric current C2 ' greatly to certain numerical value when such as 100mA, voltage
VR3 is more than that reference voltage Vref 2 will overturn second voltage comparator CM2 output signals according to setting.R6 and R4, R5
Forming line and function, i.e., when arbitrary CM1 or CM2 is overturn, the TRIG ends of 555 chips can all receive energizing signal, and 555
Chip completion timing function, after TRIG receives energizing signal, Q end signals Ctr and then changes, and controls the M0 of switching circuit 60
It disconnects, the connection with power module PMS is disconnected to the power supply circuit VDD1 of sensor SD1.After a setting delay, Q ends
Signal Ctr is overturn, and the M0 of control switching circuit 60 is closed, and powers on module PMS to the power supply VDD1 of sensor SD1, is delayed
It is set by the value of R7*C1.It by the timing function of 555 chips, can detect whether short-circuit exception removes constantly, not remove
When, VDD1 keeps interruptedly supplying power, and the overcurrent on the first PTC thermistor P0, the second PTC thermistor P1 will not be deposited persistently
With regard to there is no the situations of persistent fever in circuit.When circuit abnormality removes, 555 chip controls switching circuits are closed, automatic extensive
Multiply-connected continuous power supply, the stability of entire circuit system are optimized significantly.The Ctr signals of the Q ends output of 555 chips may also act as
Alarm signal realizes that light is prompted by lighting LED D1.Similarly, when VDD1 is shorted to I1 or is shorted to ground, meeting
Power supply can be limited immediately by having excessive electric current C3 ' to flow through the first PTC thermistor P0 and resistance R0, the first PTC thermistor P0
The output current of module PMS, so as to which PMS be avoided to lead to the damage overheated because of overcurrent.C3 ' is detected by the first current amplifier CC1
Out, after more than the threshold value of setting, such as 500mA, first voltage comparator CM1 is overturn, due to resistance R6 and R4, R5 structure
Into line and function, the signal overturning at 555 chip TRIG ends equally, give Ctr alarm control signals, control switching circuit
60 disconnect M0, and then the access of deenergization module PMS to VDD1, realize the overcurrent protection of circuit.
Although above having used general explanation and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, at this
On the basis of invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore,
These modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of current signal Acquisition Circuit with protective effect, which is characterized in that the circuit includes:
Signal acquisition circuit, the sensor being connect including power module, with the power module and with the sensor connect
The signal conditioning circuit connect；
First current detection circuit, the output current state status monitoring to the power supply circuit of sensor in signal acquisition circuit,
And output overcurrent status signal；
Second current detection circuit monitors circuital current state status in the signal conditioning circuit, and output overcurrent state
Signal；
Current foldback circuit, for the mistake of the output according to first current detection circuit or second current detection circuit
Stream mode signal controls disconnection and the time-delay closing of sensor feed circuit.
2. the current signal Acquisition Circuit according to claim 1 with protective effect, which is characterized in that
Switching circuit is also associated on the sensor feed circuit, the switching circuit is managed including mos, the grid of the mos pipes
The one end of pole respectively with R1 resistance and R2 resistance is connect, and the other end of R2 resistance and the output terminal of the current foldback circuit connect
It connects, the other end of R1 resistance is connect with the power module；
The drain electrode of the mos pipes is connect with the sensor；
The source electrode of the mos pipes is connect with the power module.
3. the current signal Acquisition Circuit according to claim 2 with protective effect, which is characterized in that
The drain electrode of the mos pipes is connect with one end of first PTC thermistor, first PTC thermistor it is another
End is connect respectively with the first TVS pipe, the sensor.
4. the current signal Acquisition Circuit according to claim 1 with protective effect, which is characterized in that
First current detection circuit includes the first current amplifier and resistance R0, the resistance R0 are connected on the sensing
On device power supply circuit, the electrode input end of the current amplifier is connect with described resistance R0 one end, the current amplifier
Negative input is connect with the other end of resistance R0, and the output terminal of the current amplifier is connect with the current foldback circuit.
5. the current signal Acquisition Circuit according to claim 1 with protective effect, which is characterized in that
Second current detection circuit includes the second current amplifier and the resistance R3 being connect with the modulate circuit, described
The electrode input end of second current amplifier is connect with resistance R3 one end, and negative input is connect with the other end of resistance R3, institute
The output terminal for stating the second current amplifier is connect with the current foldback circuit.
6. the current signal Acquisition Circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5 with protective effect, which is characterized in that
The current foldback circuit includes first voltage comparator, second voltage comparator, resistance R4, resistance R5, resistance R6, electricity
Hinder R7, resistance R8, capacitance C1 and 555 chips；
The first voltage comparator input terminal is connect with first current detection circuit, the first voltage comparator it is defeated
Outlet is connect by the R4 resistance with the TRIG ends of 555 chip；
The second voltage comparator input terminal is connect with second current detection circuit, the second voltage comparator it is defeated
Outlet is connect by the R5 resistance with the TRIG ends；
The power module is connect by the R6 resistance with the TRIG ends；
The power module is connect by the R7 resistance with the Dis ends, THR ends and described capacitance C1 one end of 555 chips, institute
State the other end ground connection of capacitance C1；
The Q ends output control signal of 555 chip controls disconnection and the time-delay closing of the sensor feed circuit.
7. the current signal Acquisition Circuit according to claim 6 with protective effect, which is characterized in that
The current foldback circuit further includes abnormal prompt circuit, and the abnormal prompt circuit includes resistance R8 and light-emitting diodes
Pipe D1, the Q ends of 555 chip are connect by the resistance R8 with the light emitting diode D1 anodes, the light emitting diode
The cathode ground connection of D1.
8. the current signal Acquisition Circuit according to claim 1 with protective effect, which is characterized in that
The signal conditioning circuit includes fortune current-to-voltage converting circuit, operational amplifier and analog-digital converter；
The current-to-voltage converting circuit includes the second TVS pipe, third TVS pipe, PTC thermistor, resistance R10, the one or two pole
Pipe, the second diode, the input terminal of the current-to-voltage converting circuit respectively with second TVS pipe, the second PTC thermistor
One end connects, and the other end of second PTC thermistor connects respectively with one end of the third TVS pipe, the R10 resistance
It connects, the other end ground connection of the R10, the negative pole end connection of the positive terminal of first diode, second diode is described
The negative pole end of first diode is connect with the input terminal of second current detection circuit；
The output terminal of the current-to-voltage converting circuit is connect with the input terminal of the operational amplifier, the operational amplifier
Output terminal is connect with the input terminal of the analog-digital converter.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109085417A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-12-25 | 珠海英搏尔电气股份有限公司 | The current detection circuit and electric machine controller of direct measuring type Hall sensor |
| CN111551797A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-08-18 | 中国兵器工业火***工程与安全技术研究院 | Online electrostatic charge quantity measuring device suitable for energetic material |
| CN112485507A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-12 | 北京时代民芯科技有限公司 | Method for testing transmission current of daisy chain communication circuit |
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| CN108181501B (en) | 2021-01-22 |
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