CN108180671B - Lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by waste heat of internal combustion engine and control method - Google Patents
Lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by waste heat of internal combustion engine and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108180671B CN108180671B CN201711459590.4A CN201711459590A CN108180671B CN 108180671 B CN108180671 B CN 108180671B CN 201711459590 A CN201711459590 A CN 201711459590A CN 108180671 B CN108180671 B CN 108180671B
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- heat exchange
- exchange coil
- heat exchanger
- lithium bromide
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- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 196
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 109
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 53
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
- F25B15/06—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by waste heat of an internal combustion engine and a control method. Belongs to the technical field of waste heat recovery refrigeration. The invention comprises an internal combustion engine, a cylinder sleeve heat exchanger connected with the internal combustion engine, a condensation generator and an evaporation absorber, wherein the internal combustion engine is connected with a smoke heat exchanger, the condensation generator comprises a generator with a first heat exchange coil, the cylinder sleeve heat exchanger is connected with the smoke heat exchanger through a first electromagnetic valve, the smoke heat exchanger is connected with the first heat exchange coil, the first heat exchange coil is connected with the cylinder sleeve heat exchanger through a second electromagnetic valve, the evaporation absorber is divided into an evaporation chamber and an absorption chamber by a partition board, a second heat exchange coil is arranged in the evaporation chamber, the bottom of the generator is connected with the absorption chamber through the first heat exchanger, and the bottom of the absorption chamber is sequentially connected with the condensation generator through a magnetic pump and the first heat exchanger. The invention installs the condenser and the generator in one cylinder, and the evaporator and the absorber are installed in one cylinder, thereby greatly simplifying the system and the pipeline arrangement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste heat recovery refrigeration, and relates to a lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by waste heat of an internal combustion engine and a control method.
Background
With the increasing tension of energy sources, energy conservation issues have become a focus of global attention today. The world is increasingly paying attention to recycling and utilizing waste heat resources while actively developing new energy, and efficient utilization of the waste heat resources is an effective way for solving the energy shortage.
By evaluating the indexes of the existing internal combustion engine on the ship of the small cargo ship, only 30% -40% of energy is taken as power output, other energy is discharged in the form of heat, and in winter, the heat can be recovered to heat the ship; however, in summer, the heat is discharged to the atmosphere in the form of waste heat, so that not only is energy wasted, but also the environment is polluted, and in summer, the ship-mounted air conditioner basically adopts a compression refrigerating unit, and because the compression refrigerating unit needs to consume power, 10% -15% of fuel oil is consumed when the air conditioner is started in summer.
The lithium bromide absorption refrigerator can drive the refrigeration cycle only by hot water at about 80 ℃, and the temperature of the hot water recovered by the waste heat of the internal combustion engine is generally above 80 ℃, and in summer, the lithium bromide absorption refrigerator is driven by the waste heat of the internal combustion engine to cool the cabin of the small cargo ship, so that the fuel oil can be saved, the waste heat of the internal combustion engine can be effectively utilized, and the energy utilization efficiency can be improved. Therefore, lithium bromide absorption refrigerating units driven by the waste heat of the internal combustion engine have the advantages of high efficiency, energy saving, safety, environmental protection and the like, and are increasingly receiving extensive attention.
From the published data, the lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by the waste heat of the engine mainly has the following problems: the conventional lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit has the problems of complex system, large volume, more power consumption equipment, large power consumption and the like, and is difficult to apply to ships with limited space and limited generated energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and defects and provides a lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by waste heat of an internal combustion engine.
Another object of the invention is to provide a control method of lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by waste heat of internal combustion engine.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by the waste heat of the internal combustion engine comprises the internal combustion engine, a cylinder sleeve heat exchanger connected with the internal combustion engine, a condensation generator and an evaporation absorber, wherein the condensation generator comprises a generator with a first heat exchange coil, the cylinder sleeve heat exchanger is connected with the smoke heat exchanger through a first electromagnetic valve, the smoke heat exchanger is connected with the first heat exchange coil, the first heat exchange coil is connected with the cylinder sleeve heat exchanger through a second electromagnetic valve,
the evaporation absorber is divided into an evaporation chamber and an absorption chamber by a partition plate, a second heat exchange coil is arranged in the evaporation chamber, the bottom of the generator is connected with the absorption chamber through a first heat exchanger, and the bottom of the absorption chamber is connected with a condensation generator through a magnetic pump and the first heat exchanger in sequence.
In the lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by the waste heat of the internal combustion engine, a liquid collector is arranged in the condensation generator and above the first heat exchange coil, a condensed water distributor is arranged in the evaporation chamber and above the second heat exchange coil, and a lithium bromide solution distributor is arranged in the absorption chamber.
In the lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by the waste heat of the internal combustion engine, the liquid collector is connected with the condensed water distributor, and the bottom of the condensed generator is connected with the lithium bromide solution distributor.
In the lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by the waste heat of the internal combustion engine, the surface of the second heat exchange coil is provided with a moisture absorption layer made of a moisture absorption material.
In the lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by the waste heat of the internal combustion engine, a third heat exchange coil is arranged in the condensation generator and above the liquid collector, a fourth heat exchange coil is arranged in the absorption chamber and below the lithium bromide solution distributor, one end of the third heat exchange coil is connected with a cooling water inlet, the other end of the third heat exchange coil is connected with the fourth heat exchange coil, and one end of the fourth heat exchange coil, which is far away from the third heat exchange coil, is connected with a cooling water outlet.
In the lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by the waste heat of the internal combustion engine, two ends of the second heat exchange coil are respectively connected with the chilled water inlet and the chilled water outlet through a third electromagnetic valve and a fourth electromagnetic valve, one end of the second heat exchange coil connected with the chilled water inlet is also connected with the phase change cold accumulation energy storage device through a fifth electromagnetic valve, and the phase change cold accumulation energy storage device is respectively connected with the third electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve through a sixth electromagnetic valve and a seventh electromagnetic valve.
In the lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by the waste heat of the internal combustion engine, the cylinder sleeve heat exchanger is also connected with the second heat exchanger through the eighth electromagnetic valve, and the second heat exchanger is connected with a pipeline between the second electromagnetic valve and the cylinder sleeve heat exchanger through the ninth electromagnetic valve.
In the lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by the waste heat of the internal combustion engine, a first stop valve is arranged at one end of the third heat exchange coil, which is connected with the cooling water inlet, and a second stop valve is arranged at one end of the fourth heat exchange coil, which is connected with the cooling water outlet.
A control method of lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by waste heat of internal combustion engine,
when refrigeration is needed to be provided, the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are opened, cylinder liner water generated by the internal combustion engine exchanges heat with circulating hot water through the cylinder liner heat exchanger, the heated circulating hot water is heated through the flue gas heat exchanger again, the flue gas waste heat is absorbed and then enters into the first heat exchange coil in the condensation generator, the lithium bromide dilute solution in the condensation generator is heated, water in the lithium bromide dilute solution is evaporated to enable the lithium bromide dilute solution to be changed into lithium bromide concentrated solution, the heated circulating hot water returns to the cylinder liner heat exchanger through a pipeline again to exchange heat with the cylinder liner heat exchanger, water vapor formed by evaporation of the lithium bromide dilute solution is condensed into water and then flows into the evaporation chamber of the evaporation absorber, heat exchange is carried out on the water vapor with high-temperature chilled water entering from the user side through the second heat exchange coil, the high-temperature chilled water is exchanged into low-temperature chilled water, meanwhile, the condensed water is evaporated into water vapor again, the water vapor is absorbed by the lithium bromide solution in the evaporation absorber to form the lithium bromide dilute solution, the lithium bromide dilute solution is input into the condensation generator again, the bottom of the condensation generator is connected with the absorption chamber in the evaporation absorber, and the lithium bromide concentrated solution is input into the absorption chamber.
The control method of lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by waste heat of internal combustion engine includes internal combustion engine and cylinder sleeve heat exchanger connected with internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine is connected with smoke heat exchanger, also includes condensation generator and evaporation absorber, the described condensation generator includes generator with first heat-exchanging coil, the cylinder sleeve heat exchanger is connected with smoke heat exchanger by means of first electromagnetic valve, the smoke heat exchanger is connected with first heat-exchanging coil, the first heat-exchanging coil is connected with cylinder sleeve heat exchanger by means of second electromagnetic valve, the described evaporation absorber is separated into evaporation chamber and absorption chamber by means of partition board, the interior of evaporation chamber is equipped with second heat-exchanging coil, the bottom portion of the generator is connected with absorption chamber by means of first heat exchanger by means of pipeline, the bottom portion of absorption chamber is connected with condensation generator by means of magnetic pump and first heat exchanger in turn, a liquid collector is arranged in the condensation generator and above the first heat exchange coil, a condensed water distributor is arranged in the evaporation chamber and above the second heat exchange coil, a lithium bromide solution distributor is arranged in the absorption chamber, the liquid collector is connected with the condensed water distributor, the bottom of the condensation generator is connected with the lithium bromide solution distributor, the surface of the second heat exchange coil is provided with a moisture absorption layer made of moisture absorption materials, a third heat exchange coil is arranged in the condensation generator and above the liquid collector, a fourth heat exchange coil is arranged in the absorption chamber and below the lithium bromide solution distributor, one end of the third heat exchange coil is connected with a cooling water inlet, the other end of the third heat exchange coil is connected with a fourth heat exchange coil, one end of the fourth heat exchange coil far away from the third heat exchange coil is connected with a cooling water outlet, two ends of the second heat exchange coil are respectively connected with a frozen water inlet and a frozen water outlet through a third electromagnetic valve and a fourth electromagnetic valve, the end of the second heat exchange coil, which is connected with the chilled water inlet, is also connected with a phase-change cold storage energy storage device through a fifth electromagnetic valve, the phase-change cold storage energy storage device is respectively connected with a third electromagnetic valve and a fourth electromagnetic valve through a sixth electromagnetic valve and a seventh electromagnetic valve, the cylinder sleeve heat exchanger is also connected with a second heat exchanger through an eighth electromagnetic valve, the second heat exchanger is connected with a pipeline between the second electromagnetic valve and the cylinder sleeve heat exchanger through a ninth electromagnetic valve, a first stop valve is arranged at the end of the third heat exchange coil, which is connected with the chilled water inlet, a second stop valve is arranged at the end of the fourth heat exchange coil, which is connected with the chilled water outlet,
when refrigeration is needed to be provided, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve are opened, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve, the seventh electromagnetic valve, the eighth electromagnetic valve and the ninth electromagnetic valve are closed,
the cylinder sleeve water generated by the internal combustion engine is subjected to heat exchange with circulating hot water through a cylinder sleeve heat exchanger, the heated circulating hot water is heated through a flue gas heat exchanger again, absorbed by flue gas waste heat and then enters a first heat exchange coil in a condensation generator, the lithium bromide dilute solution in the condensation generator is heated, the water in the lithium bromide dilute solution is evaporated to change the lithium bromide dilute solution into a lithium bromide concentrated solution, the discharged circulating hot water is returned to the cylinder sleeve heat exchanger through a pipeline and is subjected to heat exchange with the cylinder sleeve heat exchanger again, water vapor formed by the evaporation of the lithium bromide dilute solution is condensed into water and then flows into an evaporation chamber of an evaporation absorber, the high-temperature chilled water entering from a user side is subjected to heat exchange through a second heat exchange coil, the high-temperature chilled water is subjected to heat exchange into low-temperature chilled water, meanwhile, the condensed water is evaporated into water vapor again, the water vapor is absorbed by the lithium bromide solution in the evaporation absorber to form the lithium bromide dilute solution, the lithium bromide dilute solution is input into the condensation generator through a magnetic pump, the bottom of the condensation generator is connected with an absorption chamber in the evaporation absorber so as to input the lithium bromide concentrated solution into the absorption chamber, the lithium bromide concentrated solution and the lithium bromide solution are subjected to heat exchange through the first heat exchanger,
when the refrigerating load of the user side is smaller than the refrigerating capacity of the system, the seventh electromagnetic valve is closed, the sixth electromagnetic valve is opened, and the valve opening degrees of the fifth electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve are adjusted according to the control temperature of the user side, so that part of cold energy is conveyed to the user side for cooling, and the other part of cold energy stores redundant cold energy through the phase change cold storage energy storage device; when the refrigerating load of the user side is larger than the refrigerating capacity of the system, the seventh electromagnetic valve is opened, the sixth electromagnetic valve is closed, the valve opening degrees of the fifth electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve are adjusted according to the control temperature of the user side, so that a part of low-temperature chilled water enters the phase-change cold storage energy storage device to be cooled further, and the cooled low-temperature chilled water is mixed with the low-temperature chilled water flowing through the fourth electromagnetic valve and then is conveyed to the user side.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the condenser and the generator are arranged in a cylinder, and the evaporator and the absorber are arranged in a cylinder, so that the system and the pipeline arrangement are greatly simplified.
2. The evaporator and the absorber are separated by the baffle plate in the evaporation absorber, so that condensed water and lithium bromide concentrated solution are prevented from being mixed with each other in the process of swing of a ship body or splashing of liquid, and the phenomenon of liquid short circuit is avoided.
3. The moisture absorbing material is wound on the outer surface of the heat exchange tube of the evaporator, so that the problems of uneven liquid film distribution on the surface of the heat exchange tube of the evaporator, poor evaporation heat exchange effect and the like are prevented under severe working conditions such as jolt, shake and the like.
4. The system only adopts a magnetic pump as power consumption equipment in the process of conveying the lithium bromide dilute solution to the condensation generator, so that the power consumption of the system is greatly reduced, and the system is particularly suitable for being applied to ships with limited generated energy.
5. The invention adopts the phase-change cold accumulation energy storage device to adjust the constant control problem of cold output when the power of the engine changes in the running process of the ship.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of another construction of the present invention.
In the figure: the internal combustion engine 1, a cylinder sleeve heat exchanger 2, a flue gas heat exchanger 3, a sixth electromagnetic valve 4, an evaporation absorber 5, a first heat exchange coil 6, a generator 7, a first electromagnetic valve 8, a second electromagnetic valve 9, a partition plate 10, an absorption chamber 12, a second heat exchange coil 13, a magnetic pump 14, a first heat exchanger 15, a liquid collector 16, a condensate water distributor 17, a lithium bromide solution distributor 18, a condensate generator 19, a third heat exchange coil 20, a fourth heat exchange coil 21, a third electromagnetic valve 22, a fourth electromagnetic valve 23, a fifth electromagnetic valve 24, a phase change cold storage energy storage device 25, a seventh electromagnetic valve 26, an eighth electromagnetic valve 27, a second heat exchanger 28, a first stop valve 30 and a second stop valve 31.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by waste heat of an internal combustion engine comprises the internal combustion engine 1 and a cylinder liner heat exchanger 2 connected with the internal combustion engine 1, wherein the internal combustion engine 1 is connected with a smoke heat exchanger 3, the lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit further comprises a condensation generator 19 and an evaporation absorber 5, the condensation generator 19 comprises a generator 7 with a first heat exchange coil 6, the cylinder liner heat exchanger 2 is connected with the smoke heat exchanger 3 through a first electromagnetic valve 8, the smoke heat exchanger 3 is connected with the first heat exchange coil 6, the first heat exchange coil is connected with the cylinder liner heat exchanger 2 through a second electromagnetic valve 9,
the evaporation absorber 5 is divided into an evaporation chamber 11 and an absorption chamber 12 by a partition board 10, a second heat exchange coil 13 is arranged in the evaporation chamber 11, the bottom of the generator 7 is connected with the absorption chamber 12 through a first heat exchanger 15, and the bottom of the absorption chamber 12 is connected with a condensation generator 19 through a magnetic pump 14 and the first heat exchanger 15 in sequence.
The heat exchanger in this embodiment may be a plate heat exchanger or a tube heat exchanger, in which the condensation generator 19 and the evaporation absorber 5 are provided with lithium bromide aqueous solution, and the condensation generator 19 and the evaporation absorber 5 are pre-evacuated, and the vacuum degree is between 0.09 MPa and 0.098 MPa.
The control method of the embodiment is as follows:
when refrigeration is needed, the first electromagnetic valve 8 and the second electromagnetic valve 9 are opened, cylinder liner water generated by the internal combustion engine 1 is subjected to heat exchange with circulating hot water through the cylinder liner heat exchanger 2, the heated circulating hot water is heated through the flue gas heat exchanger 3 again, the flue gas waste heat is absorbed and then enters the first heat exchange coil 6 in the condensation generator 19, the lithium bromide dilute solution in the condensation generator 19 is heated, water in the lithium bromide dilute solution is evaporated to enable the lithium bromide dilute solution to be changed into lithium bromide concentrated solution, the heated circulating hot water returns to the cylinder liner heat exchanger 2 through a pipeline and exchanges heat with the cylinder liner heat exchanger 2, water vapor formed by evaporation of the lithium bromide dilute solution is condensed into water and then flows into the evaporation chamber 11 of the evaporation absorber 5, the high-temperature chilled water entering from the user side is subjected to heat exchange through the second heat exchange coil 13, the high-temperature chilled water is subjected to low-temperature chilled water, meanwhile, the condensed water is evaporated into water vapor again, the water vapor is absorbed by the lithium bromide solution in the evaporation absorber 5 to form the lithium bromide dilute solution, the lithium bromide dilute solution is input into the condensation generator 19 again, the bottom of the condensation generator 19 is connected with the absorption chamber 12 of the evaporation absorber 5, and the lithium bromide chamber 12 is input into the concentrated absorption chamber 12.
Example 2
The present embodiment is basically the same in structure and operation as embodiment 1, except that as shown in connection with fig. 2,
a liquid collector 16 is arranged in the condensation generator 19 and above the first heat exchange coil 6, a condensed water distributor 17 is arranged in the evaporation chamber 11 and above the second heat exchange coil 13, and a lithium bromide solution distributor 18 is arranged in the absorption chamber 12.
The liquid collector 16 is of a bottom inclined disc-shaped structure and is used for collecting steam condensate, and the condensate distributor 17 and the lithium bromide solution distributor 18 can adopt discs with holes at the bottoms so as to achieve the effect of uniform showering. Of course, the above structure may be modified accordingly.
The liquid collector 16 is connected with the condensed water distributor 17, and the bottom of the condensed generator 19 is connected with the lithium bromide solution distributor 18.
The surface of the second heat exchange coil 13 is provided with a moisture absorption layer made of a moisture absorption material, and the moisture absorption material can be absorbent cotton, sponge or silica gel.
The condensation generator 19 is internally provided with a third heat exchange coil 20 above the liquid collector 16, the absorption chamber 12 is internally provided with a fourth heat exchange coil 21 below the lithium bromide solution distributor 18, one end of the third heat exchange coil 20 is connected with a cooling water inlet, the other end of the third heat exchange coil is connected with the fourth heat exchange coil 21, and one end, far away from the third heat exchange coil 20, of the fourth heat exchange coil 21 is connected with a cooling water outlet.
The two ends of the second heat exchange coil 13 are respectively connected with a chilled water inlet and a chilled water outlet through a third electromagnetic valve 22 and a fourth electromagnetic valve 23, one end of the second heat exchange coil 13 connected with the chilled water inlet is also connected with a phase-change cold-storage energy-storage device 25 through a fifth electromagnetic valve 24, and the phase-change cold-storage energy-storage device 25 is respectively connected with the third electromagnetic valve 22 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 23 through a sixth electromagnetic valve 4 and a seventh electromagnetic valve 26.
The cylinder sleeve heat exchanger 2 is also connected with a second heat exchanger 28 through an eighth electromagnetic valve 27, and the second heat exchanger 28 is connected with a pipeline between the second electromagnetic valve 9 and the cylinder sleeve heat exchanger 2 through a ninth electromagnetic valve 29.
The end of the third heat exchange coil 20 connected with the cooling water inlet is provided with a first stop valve 30, and the end of the fourth heat exchange coil 21 connected with the cooling water outlet is provided with a second stop valve 31.
The control method of the embodiment is as follows:
when it is necessary to provide refrigeration, the first solenoid valve 8, the second solenoid valve 9, the third solenoid valve 22 and the fourth solenoid valve 23 are opened, the fifth solenoid valve 24, the sixth solenoid valve 4, the seventh solenoid valve 26, the eighth solenoid valve 27 and the ninth solenoid valve 29 are closed,
the cylinder liner water generated by the internal combustion engine 1 is subjected to heat exchange with circulating hot water through the cylinder liner heat exchanger 2, the heated circulating hot water is heated through the flue gas heat exchanger 3 again, the heated circulating hot water enters into the first heat exchange coil 6 in the condensation generator 19 after absorbing the flue gas waste heat, the lithium bromide dilute solution in the condensation generator 19 is heated, the water in the lithium bromide dilute solution is evaporated to change the lithium bromide dilute solution into a lithium bromide concentrated solution, the discharged circulating hot water returns to the cylinder liner heat exchanger 2 through a pipeline to perform heat exchange with the cylinder liner heat exchanger 2 again, the water vapor formed by the evaporation of the lithium bromide dilute solution is condensed into water and flows into the evaporation chamber 11 of the evaporation absorber 5, the water vapor exchanges heat with the high-temperature chilled water entering from the user side through the second heat exchange coil 13, the high-temperature chilled water is subjected to heat exchange into low-temperature chilled water, meanwhile, the condensed water is evaporated again into the lithium bromide solution in the evaporation absorber 5 to form the lithium bromide dilute solution, the lithium bromide dilute solution is input into the condensation generator 19 through the magnetic pump 14, the bottom of the condensation generator 19 is connected with the absorption chamber 12 in the evaporation absorber 5 so as to input the lithium bromide concentrated solution into the absorption chamber 12 and the lithium bromide concentrated solution through the first heat exchanger 15,
when the refrigerating load at the user side is smaller than the refrigerating capacity of the system, the seventh electromagnetic valve 26 is closed, the sixth electromagnetic valve 4 is opened, and the valve opening degrees of the fifth electromagnetic valve 24 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 23 are adjusted according to the control temperature at the user side, so that part of cold energy is conveyed to the user side for cooling, and the other part of cold energy stores redundant cold energy through the phase change cold storage energy storage device 25; when the refrigerating load of the user side is larger than the refrigerating capacity of the system, the seventh electromagnetic valve 26 is opened, the sixth electromagnetic valve 4 is closed, and the valve opening degrees of the fifth electromagnetic valve 24 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 23 are adjusted according to the control temperature of the user side, so that a part of low-temperature chilled water enters the phase-change cold storage energy storage device 25 for further cooling, and the cooled low-temperature chilled water is mixed with the low-temperature chilled water flowing through the fourth electromagnetic valve 23 and then is conveyed to the user side.
When refrigeration is not needed, the eighth electromagnetic valve 27 and the ninth electromagnetic valve 29 are opened, the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are closed, and the waste heat of the internal combustion engine 1 is converted into hot water through the second heat exchanger 28, so that the hot water is improved for the user side.
The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Although terms of the internal combustion engine 1, the cylinder liner heat exchanger 2, the flue gas heat exchanger 3, the evaporation absorber 5, the first heat exchange coil 6, the generator 7, the first solenoid valve 8, the second solenoid valve 9, the partition plate 10, the absorption chamber 12, the second heat exchange coil 13, the magnetic pump 14, the first heat exchanger 15, the liquid trap 16, the condensate water distributor 17, the lithium bromide solution distributor 18, the condensate generator 19, the third heat exchange coil 20, the fourth heat exchange coil 21, the third solenoid valve 22, the fourth solenoid valve 23, the fifth solenoid valve 24, the phase change cold storage energy storage device 25, the seventh solenoid valve 26, the eighth solenoid valve 27, the second heat exchanger 28, the first shut-off valve 30, the second shut-off valve 31, and the like are used more herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for convenience in describing and explaining the nature of the invention; they are to be interpreted as any additional limitation that is not inconsistent with the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by waste heat of the internal combustion engine comprises the internal combustion engine (1) and a cylinder sleeve heat exchanger (2) connected with the internal combustion engine (1), wherein the internal combustion engine (1) is connected with a smoke heat exchanger (3), the lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit is characterized by further comprising a condensation generator (19) and an evaporation absorber (5), the condensation generator (19) comprises a generator (7) with a first heat exchange coil (6), the cylinder sleeve heat exchanger (2) is connected with the smoke heat exchanger (3) through a first electromagnetic valve (8), the smoke heat exchanger (3) is connected with the first heat exchange coil (6), the first heat exchange coil is connected with the cylinder sleeve heat exchanger (2) through a second electromagnetic valve (9),
the evaporation absorber (5) is divided into an evaporation chamber (11) and an absorption chamber (12) by a partition board (10), a second heat exchange coil (13) is arranged in the evaporation chamber (11), the bottom of the generator (7) is connected with the absorption chamber (12) through a first heat exchanger (15), the bottom of the absorption chamber (12) is connected with a condensation generator (19) through a magnetic pump (14) and the first heat exchanger (15) in sequence,
a liquid collector (16) is arranged in the condensation generator (19) and above the first heat exchange coil (6), a condensed water distributor (17) is arranged in the evaporation chamber (11) and above the second heat exchange coil (13), a lithium bromide solution distributor (18) is arranged in the absorption chamber (12),
the surface of the second heat exchange coil (13) is provided with a moisture absorption layer made of moisture absorption materials,
the liquid collector (16) is connected with a condensed water distributor (17), the bottom of the condensed generator (19) is connected with a lithium bromide solution distributor (18),
a third heat exchange coil (20) is arranged in the condensation generator (19) and above the liquid collector (16), a fourth heat exchange coil (21) is arranged in the absorption chamber (12) and below the lithium bromide solution distributor (18), one end of the third heat exchange coil (20) is connected with a cooling water inlet, the other end is connected with the fourth heat exchange coil (21), one end of the fourth heat exchange coil (21) far away from the third heat exchange coil (20) is connected with a cooling water outlet,
the two ends of the second heat exchange coil (13) are respectively connected with a chilled water inlet and a chilled water outlet through a third electromagnetic valve (22) and a fourth electromagnetic valve (23), one end of the second heat exchange coil (13) connected with the chilled water inlet is also connected with a phase-change cold storage and energy storage device (25) through a fifth electromagnetic valve (24), and the phase-change cold storage and energy storage device (25) is respectively connected with the third electromagnetic valve (22) and the fourth electromagnetic valve (23) through a sixth electromagnetic valve (4) and a seventh electromagnetic valve (26).
2. The lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit driven by waste heat of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder liner heat exchanger (2) is further connected with a second heat exchanger (28) through an eighth electromagnetic valve (27), and the second heat exchanger (28) is connected with a pipeline between the second electromagnetic valve (9) and the cylinder liner heat exchanger (2) through a ninth electromagnetic valve (29).
3. The lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit driven by waste heat of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein a first stop valve (30) is arranged at one end of the third heat exchange coil (20) connected with the cooling water inlet, and a second stop valve (31) is arranged at one end of the fourth heat exchange coil (21) connected with the cooling water outlet.
4. A control method of a lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by waste heat of an internal combustion engine is characterized in that the lithium bromide absorption refrigerating unit driven by waste heat of the internal combustion engine comprises the internal combustion engine (1) and a cylinder liner heat exchanger (2) connected with the internal combustion engine (1), the internal combustion engine (1) is connected with a flue gas heat exchanger (3), the control method further comprises a condensation generator (19) and an evaporation absorber (5), the condensation generator (19) comprises a generator (7) with a first heat exchange coil (6), the cylinder liner heat exchanger (2) is connected with the flue gas heat exchanger (3) through a first electromagnetic valve (8), the flue gas heat exchanger (3) is connected with the first heat exchange coil (6), the first heat exchange coil is connected with the cylinder liner heat exchanger (2) through a second electromagnetic valve (9), the evaporation absorber (5) is divided into an evaporation chamber (11) and an absorption chamber (12) through a partition board (10), the bottom of the generator (7) is connected with the absorption chamber (12) through a first heat exchanger (15) through a pipeline, the bottom of the absorption chamber (12) is sequentially connected with the magnetic pump (14) and the first heat exchanger (15) and is arranged on the first heat exchanger (19) and is positioned on a condenser (19), a condensed water distributor (17) is arranged in the evaporation chamber (11) and above the second heat exchange coil (13), a lithium bromide solution distributor (18) is arranged in the absorption chamber (12), a liquid collector (16) is connected with the condensed water distributor (17), the bottom of the condensation generator (19) is connected with the lithium bromide solution distributor (18), the surface of the second heat exchange coil (13) is provided with a moisture absorption layer made of moisture absorption materials, a third heat exchange coil (20) is arranged in the condensation generator (19) and above the liquid collector (16), a fourth heat exchange coil (21) is arranged in the absorption chamber (12) and below the lithium bromide solution distributor (18), one end of the third heat exchange coil (20) is connected with a cooling water inlet, the other end of the third heat exchange coil (20) is connected with the fourth heat exchange coil (21), one end of the fourth heat exchange coil (21) is connected with a cooling water outlet, two ends of the second heat exchange coil (13) are respectively connected with a freezing water inlet and a freezing water outlet through a third electromagnetic valve (22) and a fourth electromagnetic valve (23), the second heat exchange coil (13) is connected with a phase change device (25) through a fifth electromagnetic valve (24) and a phase change device (25) which are respectively connected with a third electromagnetic valve (25), the cylinder sleeve heat exchanger (2) is also connected with a second heat exchanger (28) through an eighth electromagnetic valve (27), the second heat exchanger (28) is connected with a pipeline between the second electromagnetic valve (9) and the cylinder sleeve heat exchanger (2) through a ninth electromagnetic valve (29), one end of the third heat exchange coil (20) connected with a cooling water inlet is provided with a first stop valve (30), one end of the fourth heat exchange coil (21) connected with a cooling water outlet is provided with a second stop valve (31),
when refrigeration is required to be provided, the first electromagnetic valve (8), the second electromagnetic valve (9), the third electromagnetic valve (22) and the fourth electromagnetic valve (23) are opened, the fifth electromagnetic valve (24), the sixth electromagnetic valve (4), the seventh electromagnetic valve (26), the eighth electromagnetic valve (27) and the ninth electromagnetic valve (29) are closed,
the cylinder sleeve water generated by the internal combustion engine (1) is subjected to heat exchange with circulating hot water through a cylinder sleeve heat exchanger (2), the heated circulating hot water is heated through a flue gas heat exchanger (3) again, the flue gas waste heat is absorbed and then enters a first heat exchange coil (6) in a condensation generator (19), the lithium bromide dilute solution in the condensation generator (19) is heated, the water in the lithium bromide dilute solution is evaporated to change the lithium bromide dilute solution into a lithium bromide concentrated solution, the heated circulating hot water returns to the cylinder sleeve heat exchanger (2) through a pipeline and exchanges heat with the cylinder sleeve heat exchanger (2), the water vapor formed by the evaporation of the lithium bromide dilute solution is condensed into water and then flows into an evaporation chamber (11) of an evaporation absorber (5), the high-temperature chilled water entering from a user side is subjected to heat exchange through a second heat exchange coil (13), the high-temperature chilled water is subjected to heat exchange into low-temperature chilled water, meanwhile, the condensed water is evaporated into water vapor again, the water vapor is absorbed by the lithium bromide solution in the evaporation absorber (5) to form the lithium bromide dilute solution, the lithium bromide dilute solution is input into the condensation generator (19) through a magnetic pump (14), the water vapor is connected with the evaporation generator (19) through a pipeline, the bottom of the evaporation absorber (19) is connected with the lithium bromide concentrated solution (12) through the evaporation absorber (12) and the evaporation absorber (12),
when the refrigerating load of the user side is smaller than the refrigerating capacity of the system, the seventh electromagnetic valve (26) is closed, the sixth electromagnetic valve (4) is opened, and the valve opening degrees of the fifth electromagnetic valve (24) and the fourth electromagnetic valve (23) are adjusted according to the control temperature of the user side, so that part of cold energy is conveyed to the user side for cooling, and the other part of cold energy stores redundant cold energy through the phase change cold storage energy storage device (25); when the refrigerating load of the user side is larger than the refrigerating capacity of the system, the seventh electromagnetic valve (26) is opened, the sixth electromagnetic valve (4) is closed, and the valve opening degrees of the fifth electromagnetic valve (24) and the fourth electromagnetic valve (23) are adjusted according to the control temperature of the user side, so that a part of low-temperature chilled water enters the phase-change cold storage energy storage device (25) for further cooling, and the cooled chilled water is mixed with the low-temperature chilled water flowing through the fourth electromagnetic valve (23) and then is conveyed to the user side.
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| CN109323480B (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2021-01-22 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Lithium bromide absorption type refrigerating device driven by waste heat of diesel engine of cruise ship |
| CN109323479B (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2021-01-22 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Lithium bromide absorption type refrigerating device driven by waste heat of diesel engine of cruise ship |
| CN109341134B (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2021-01-22 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Efficient backheating type lithium bromide absorption type refrigerating and heating system for cruise ship |
| CN112178983B (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2021-09-14 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Heat transfer pipe arrangement structure of refrigerant circulating equipment and refrigerant circulating equipment |
| CN114234472A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-25 | 北京华源泰盟节能设备有限公司 | Waste heat utilization system of generator set |
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