CN108179749B - Lattice column positioner and positioning method thereof - Google Patents
Lattice column positioner and positioning method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108179749B CN108179749B CN201711490956.4A CN201711490956A CN108179749B CN 108179749 B CN108179749 B CN 108179749B CN 201711490956 A CN201711490956 A CN 201711490956A CN 108179749 B CN108179749 B CN 108179749B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D13/00—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
- E02D13/04—Guide devices; Guide frames
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D13/00—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
- E02D13/06—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers for observation while placing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lattice column positioner and a positioning method thereof, wherein the lattice column positioner comprises a stand column, the top of the stand column is sleeved with a lattice cap, and the bottom of the stand column is hinged with a pulling plate hook which is detachably connected with the lattice column; the lattice cap comprises a horizontal control plate sleeved outside the upright post, the outer edge of the horizontal control plate is provided with a plurality of azimuth adjusting plates distributed along the circumferential direction of the horizontal control plate, and the positioning method comprises the following steps: 1. calibrating a reference line; 2. measuring the height of the lattice column positioner and the elevation of the top of the pile casing; 3. butt joint lattice columns and reinforcement cages; 4. hoisting lattice columns and reinforcement cages; 5. butting lattice column positioners and lattice columns; 6. seven column tops of the positioning lattice columns and the mounting azimuth of the positioning lattice columns; 8. verticality of the spacer lattice column. The invention uses the exposed lattice cap to position the column top elevation, the mounting azimuth and the perpendicularity of the lattice column at one time, and can be reused.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to a lattice column positioner and a positioning method thereof.
Background
In open cut subway construction, the building envelope generally consists essentially of: the foundation pit is more stable by combining the fender piles, the crown beams, the retaining wall, the anchor spraying, the concrete supports, the steel supports, the lattice columns and the tie beams, and the excavation safety of the foundation pit is ensured. The lattice column has the main functions of reducing the effective spans of the steel support and the concrete support and reducing the deflection deformation of the steel support and the concrete support caused by the spans. However, in the concrete construction, the lattice column must be constructed before the foundation pit is excavated, the lattice column is generally a pile hole, usually, when the lattice column is constructed, the column top elevation of the lattice column, the perpendicularity of the lattice column and the installation orientation of the lattice column are main factors for controlling the construction quality of the lattice column, if the perpendicularity of the lattice column and the installation orientation of the lattice column are not installed according to design parameters, the whole lattice column is slightly inclined and the plane orientation of the lattice column is changed, so that the position of a tie beam installed at the upper end of the lattice column is deviated, the vertical stability of a support system of an open cut subway station is greatly reduced, and if the column top elevation of the lattice column is not controlled according to the design parameters, the connection problem between concrete supports or steel supports for later construction is caused, and potential safety hazards are caused for the whole foundation pit support system.
In the current construction, in order to ensure that the column top elevation of the lattice column, the perpendicularity of the lattice column and the installation azimuth of the lattice column meet the design requirements in the construction process of the lattice column, constructors adjust the column top elevation of the lattice column, the perpendicularity of the lattice column and the installation azimuth of the lattice column by lengthening the length of the lattice column and utilizing a hanging rib. During concrete construction, the lattice column is suspended in the air, the reinforcement cage is mounted at the bottom end of the lattice column, then the lattice column is segmented or integrally hoisted into the pile hole by adopting a crane, the positions of the hoisting points in the hoisting process are on two batten plates which are oppositely arranged at the top end of the lattice column or on the reserved hoisting points, the perpendicularity of the lattice column is required to be controlled in a segmented mode in the mounting process of the lattice column, and finally the column top elevation of the lattice column and the mounting azimuth of the lattice column are adjusted. In the lifting process of the lattice column, on-site constructors are required to continuously control the installation of the lattice column in a segmented and continuous mode, great deviation of perpendicularity of the lattice column can occur due to slight carelessness, and in the final adjustment of the column top elevation of the lattice column and the installation azimuth of the lattice column, construction difficulty coefficients are large, and potential safety hazards are more. And especially, the drilling machine is in an over-drilling phenomenon in the construction process, so that the difficulty in adjusting the pile top elevation of the lattice column is further increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a lattice column positioner aiming at the defects in the prior art. The lattice column positioner is sleeved on the lattice column when the lattice column positioner is specifically used, the lattice column is completely lowered to the pile hole through the pulling plate hooks, the exposed lattice cap is utilized to position the column top elevation of the lattice column, the installation azimuth of the lattice column and the perpendicularity of the lattice column at one time, the technical problems of difficult positioning and high construction cost caused by the adoption of a sectional positioning mode in the prior art are avoided, and meanwhile, the lattice column positioner is detachably connected with the lattice column, so that the lattice column positioner can be reused for positioning the lattice column, the construction cost is effectively reduced, the number of constructors can be greatly reduced, and the applicability is very strong.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the lattice column positioner is characterized in that: the device comprises a stand column, wherein the top of the stand column is sleeved with a lattice cap for controlling the verticality, the column top elevation and the installation azimuth of the lattice column, and the bottom of the stand column is hinged with a pulling plate hook which is detachably connected with the lattice column;
the upright post consists of limb plates positioned at four corners of the square section and batten plates arranged between two adjacent limb plates at intervals along the length direction of the limb plates;
the lattice cap comprises a horizontal control plate sleeved outside the upright post, and a plurality of azimuth adjusting plates distributed along the circumferential direction of the horizontal control plate are arranged on the outer edge of the horizontal control plate.
Above-mentioned lattice column locator, its characterized in that: a fixing pin is arranged between two adjacent limb plates, the end part of the fixing pin is fixed on the limb plates through an ear seat, a pulling plate hook is rotatably arranged on the fixing pin, and a pulling rope for pulling the pulling plate hook is arranged on the pulling plate hook.
Above-mentioned lattice column locator, its characterized in that: the pulling plate hook is provided with a mounting ring for the pulling rope to pass through.
Above-mentioned lattice column locator, its characterized in that: the lacing plates are fixed on the outer sides of the two adjacent limb plates.
Above-mentioned lattice column locator, its characterized in that: the center position of the horizontal control panel is provided with a mounting hole for the upright post to pass through, and the mounting hole is a square hole matched with the square section of the upright post.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a positioning method which has simple steps and convenient implementation and can quickly position the perpendicularity, the column top elevation and the installation azimuth of the lattice column, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, calibrating a reference line: the projection lines of two intersecting pile protection lines on the upper surface of the pile protection barrel are used as lattice column installation azimuth reference lines, and four reference lines are calibrated on the surface of the pile protection barrel;
measuring the height of the lattice column positioner and the elevation of the top of the pile casing: measuring the distance a between the lower surface of the horizontal control panel and the bottom end of the limb plate; then taking the plane of the orifice of the pile hole as a level base surface, and measuring the elevation c of the top of the pile casing;
step three, butt joint lattice column and steel reinforcement cage: hoisting and inserting the lattice column into a reinforcement cage; centering and positioning the lattice column and the reinforcement cage, so that the center of the cross section of the lattice column coincides with the center of the cross section of the reinforcement cage; finally, fixedly connecting the lattice column and the reinforcement cage;
step four, hoisting lattice columns and reinforcement cages: hoisting and lowering the butted lattice column and the reinforcement cage into the pile hole until the distance between the top end of the lattice column and the level basal plane is 1 m-1.2 m, and stopping the lowering of the lattice column and the reinforcement cage; then the latticed column clamping seat traverses the latticed column, so that the latticed column and the reinforcement cage are temporarily suspended on the pile casing;
step five, butting a lattice column positioner and a lattice column: lifting the lattice column positioner, enabling the bottom of the lattice column positioner to move towards the top of the lattice column, and vertically inserting the top of the lattice column into the lattice column positioner; hooking the pulling plate hook on a grid column lacing plate, measuring the overlapping height s of the grid column positioner and the grid column, and finally removing the grid column clamping seat to finish the butt joint of the grid column positioner and the grid column;
step six, positioning the column top elevation of the lattice column: the column top elevation of the lattice column is positioned by utilizing the distance between the horizontal control panel and the pile casing, and the concrete positioning process is as follows:
step 601, calculating the distance x between the lower surface of the horizontal control panel (2-1) and the surface of the casing (8) according to the formula x=h-s+a-c; wherein h is the column top elevation of the lattice column (11);
step 602, lifting and lowering the lattice column positioner, the lattice column and the reinforcement cage which are integrally connected, until the distance between the lower surface of the horizontal control panel and the upper surface of the pile casing is x, stopping the lowering of the lattice column positioner, the lattice column and the reinforcement cage, and completing the column top elevation positioning of the lattice column;
seventh, positioning the mounting direction of the lattice column: and (3) positioning the mounting azimuth of the lattice column by using the calibrated reference line and the azimuth adjusting plate in the step (A), wherein the specific positioning process is as follows:
step 701, obtaining measurement points p on two sides of any reference line L of four reference lines 1 And measuring point p 2 Wherein the measuring point p 1 The distance to the reference line L is equal to the measuring point p 2 Distance to reference line L;
step 702, measuring the measurement points p by using level bars 1 And close to the measuring point p 1 Vertical distance l between limb plates 1 And measuring point p 2 And close to the measuring point p 2 Vertical distance l between limb plates 2 Pushing the azimuth adjusting plate until l 1 ＝l 2 Completing the installation azimuth positioning of the lattice column;
step eight, perpendicularity of the positioning lattice column: and placing the leveling rod on a horizontal control disc, and adjusting the levelness of the horizontal control disc until the leveling bubble of the leveling rod is centered, so as to finish the perpendicularity positioning of the lattice column.
The positioning method is characterized in that: after the step eight is completed, the method further comprises the steps of pouring concrete and removing the lattice column positioner: traversing the positioner clamping seat by the upright post, temporarily suspending the lattice column positioner, the lattice column and the reinforcement cage on the pile casing, and pouring concrete into pile holes; after the concrete is initially set, removing the retainer clamping seat, and pulling the lifting rope upwards to separate the lattice column retainer from the lattice column; lifting the lattice column positioner to finish the dismantling of the lattice column positioner; the lifting rope penetrates through the mounting ring, and the mounting ring is fixed on the pulling plate hook.
The positioning method is characterized in that: the lattice column clamping seat and the positioner clamping seat are both I-steel.
The positioning method is characterized in that: the range of the elevation c of the top of the pile casing in the second step is as follows: c is more than or equal to 0.2m and less than or equal to 0.3m.
The positioning method is characterized in that: and step seven, pushing the azimuth adjusting plate along the tangential direction of the horizontal control panel when pushing the azimuth adjusting plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the lattice column positioner disclosed by the invention converts the positioning of the underground lattice column into the positioning of the overground lattice column, realizes visual positioning, can rapidly position the perpendicularity of the lattice column, the column top elevation of the lattice column and the installation azimuth of the lattice column, effectively improves the positioning efficiency, improves the positioning precision, lays a foundation for the accurate installation of a subsequent tie beam, ensures the stability of the whole support system, reduces the labor consumption and has strong practicability.
2. The lattice column positioner adopts the upright columns to prolong the height of the lattice column, and adopts the lattice caps arranged at the tops of the upright columns to position the verticality of the lattice column, the column top elevation of the lattice column and the installation azimuth of the lattice column, namely, the column top elevation of the lattice column is positioned by adjusting the elevation of the lattice caps, the verticality of the lattice column is positioned by adjusting the levelness of the horizontal control panel, the installation azimuth of the lattice column is positioned by adjusting the direction of the azimuth adjusting panel, and the positioning is rapid and accurate, so that the repeated positioning in the prior art is converted into one-time positioning, the overlarge accumulated deviation caused by repeated positioning is avoided, the labor time is saved, and the labor energy is reduced.
3. The lattice column positioner adopts the detachable connection of the pulling plate hooks and the lattice columns, so that only one set of lattice columns with the same specification is required to be processed and manufactured, the reusability of the lattice column positioner is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
4. According to the invention, after the lattice column positioning is completed by adopting the lattice column positioner, the whole lattice column positioner is dismantled through the lifting rope arranged on the pulling plate hook, and the potential safety hazard of personnel injury caused by the fact that constructors enter the pile hole to dismantle is avoided through blind disassembly of the lattice column positioner.
5. The positioning method adopted by the invention has simple operation steps, can rapidly and accurately position the lattice column, firstly utilizes the pile protection line in construction to calibrate the reference line used when positioning the mounting position of the lattice column on the pile casing, and thus prevents the inconvenience of calibrating the reference line in the subsequent construction; measuring the height of the lattice column positioner and the elevation of the top of the pile casing, so that the subsequent positioning of the elevation of the top of the lattice column is convenient; then, butt joint and hoisting of the lattice column and the reinforcement cage are carried out, the perpendicularity of the lattice column is not required to be controlled by sections when the lattice column and the reinforcement cage are hoisted specifically, and the butt joint lattice column and the reinforcement cage are only required to be lowered into the pile hole once, so that the lowering time of the lattice column and the reinforcement cage is effectively shortened, and the whole construction efficiency is improved; then butt joint the lattice column positioner and the lattice column, externally inserting the lattice column positioner outside the top end of the lattice column, and hooking the pulling plate hook on the lattice column lacing plate to enable the lattice column positioner and the lattice column to be butt-jointed into a whole; positioning the column top elevation of the lattice column, and determining whether the column top elevation of the lattice column meets the design requirement or not through the distance between the lattice column positioner and the lower surface of the horizontal control panel and the surface of the pile casing in the process of lowering the lattice column in the positioning process, so that the column top elevation of the underground lattice column is positioned through the lattice column positioner on the ground, and the positioning time is shortened and the positioning precision is improved by adopting visual positioning; positioning the mounting azimuth of the lattice column, acquiring two measuring points by using the reference line, and adjusting the mounting azimuth of the lattice column by using a level bar; and measuring the levelness of the horizontal control panel by using the leveling rod until the leveling bubble of the leveling rod is centered, completing the perpendicularity positioning of the lattice column, and performing one-time positioning through the column top elevation of the lattice column, the mounting azimuth of the lattice column and the perpendicularity of the lattice column, thereby completing the mounting of the lattice column.
In summary, the lattice column positioner designed by the invention is connected with the lattice column through the pulling plate hook, after the lattice column is completely lowered to the pile hole, the exposed lattice cap is utilized to position the column top elevation, the installation azimuth and the perpendicularity of the lattice column at one time, the technical problems of difficult positioning and high construction cost caused by the adoption of a sectional positioning mode in the prior art are not needed, and meanwhile, the lattice column positioner is detachably connected with the lattice column, so that the lattice column can be positioned by repeatedly utilizing the lattice column positioner, the construction cost is effectively reduced, the number of constructors can be greatly reduced, the applicability is very strong, and the positioning method is simple to operate and reasonable in design, and can be used for rapidly and accurately positioning the lattice column.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a lattice column positioner according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the connection of the pulling hook, the mounting ring and the pulling rope of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a block flow diagram of a positioning method of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a view showing the use of the lattice column positioner of the present invention after docking with a lattice column.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view A-A of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a B-B cross-sectional view of fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is a view showing the use of the lattice column positioner and lattice column of the present invention after being lifted into the pile hole.
Fig. 9 is a top view of fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the mounting orientation of the spacer grid in the positioning method of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-an upright post; 1-limb board; 1-2-lacing plates;
2-lattice cap; 2-1, a horizontal control panel; 2-azimuth adjusting plates;
2-3-mounting holes; 3-ear seat; 4-fixing pins;
5-a pulling plate hook; 6, a mounting ring; 7-lifting the rope;
8, pile casing; 9-a lattice column clamping seat; 10-pile hole;
11-lattice columns; 11-1-lattice column limb plates; 11-2-lattice column lacing plates;
12-a positioner clamping seat.
Detailed Description
The lattice column positioner comprises a column 1, a lattice cap 2 for controlling the verticality of a lattice column 11, the column top elevation of the lattice column 11 and the installation orientation of the lattice column 11 is sleeved on the top of the column 1, and a pulling plate hook 5 detachably connected with the lattice column 11 is hinged to the bottom of the column 1; the upright post 1 consists of limb plates 1-1 positioned at four corners of a square section and batten plates 1-2 arranged between two adjacent limb plates 1-1 at intervals along the length direction of the limb plates 1-1; the lattice cap 2 comprises a horizontal control plate 2-1 sleeved outside the upright post 1, and a plurality of azimuth adjusting plates 2-2 distributed along the circumferential direction of the horizontal control plate 2-1 are arranged on the outer edge of the horizontal control plate 2-1.
During implementation, the pulling plate hooks 5 are connected with the lattice column batten plates 11-2 of the lattice columns 11, so that the lattice column positioners are integrally connected with the lattice columns 11, and the pulling plate hooks 5 are detachably connected with the lattice columns 11, so that the lattice column positioners can be reused, the practicability of the lattice column positioners is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
In this embodiment, the structure of the column 1 and the lattice column 11, which are composed of the limb plates 1-1 positioned at four corners of the square section and the batten plates 1-2 installed between two adjacent limb plates 1-1 and distributed at intervals along the length direction of the limb plates 1-1, is the same, and the column 1 only needs to be larger than the distance between two adjacent limb plates 1-1 when concrete processing is performed, so that the whole lattice column positioner is ensured to be externally inserted at the top end of the lattice column 11, and the column 1 with the same structure as the lattice column 11 is adopted, so that the structure of the column 1 is simplified, the design cost of the column 1 is reduced, the manufacturing and processing of the column 1 can be rapidly completed, and concrete can be conveniently penetrated into the pile hole 10 through the gap between two adjacent limb plates 1-1 when concrete is poured. The benefits of using the plug-in connection of the lattice column positioners with the lattice columns 11 are: because the lattice column positioner is suspended above the lattice column 11 when the lattice column positioner and the lattice column 11 are in butt joint, the lattice column positioner and the lattice column 11 are conveniently and rapidly in butt joint, and the lattice column positioner externally inserted at the top end of the lattice column 11 is conveniently separated from the lattice column 11 through the pulling plate hook 5 after the lattice column 11 is positioned.
In this embodiment, the lattice cap 2 is located at the top of the upright 1, the central position of the horizontal control panel 2-1 is provided with a mounting hole 2-3 for the upright 1 to pass through, the mounting hole 2-3 is a square hole matched with the square section of the upright 1, and the positioning accuracy of the mounting position of the subsequent lattice column 11 can be ensured by the central position of the mounting hole 2-3 located on the horizontal control panel 2-1.
In the embodiment, a fixed pin 4 is arranged between two adjacent limb plates 1-1, the end part of the fixed pin 4 is fixed on the limb plate 1-1 through an ear seat 3, a pulling plate hook 5 is rotatably arranged on the fixed pin 4, a pulling rope 7 is arranged on the pulling plate hook 5, and a mounting ring 6 for the pulling rope 7 to pass through is arranged on the pulling plate hook 5. During specific implementation, the lifting rope 7 passes through the mounting ring 6 and can pull the pulling plate hook 5 to rotate around the fixing pin 4, so that the lattice column positioner and the lattice column 11 which are integrally connected are separated, when the bottom end of the lattice column positioner and the lattice column 11 enter the pile hole 10, the lattice column positioner can be separated from the lattice column 11 only by pulling the lifting rope 7 upwards, a constructor does not need to enter the pile hole 10 to perform separation operation, the construction steps are simplified, and the operation safety of the constructor is ensured.
In this embodiment, the gusset plates 1-2 are provided on the outer sides of the adjacent two limb plates 1-1.
As shown in fig. 4, the present invention further provides a method for positioning a lattice column by using a lattice column positioner, the positioning method comprising the steps of:
step one, calibrating a reference line: the projection lines of two intersecting pile protection lines on the upper surface of the pile protection barrel 8 are used as lattice columns 11 to mount azimuth reference lines, and four reference lines are marked on the surface of the pile protection barrel 8.
In specific implementation, the existing two intersecting pile-protecting lines are provided with projection lines in four directions on the pile casing 8, the four projection lines are marked on the surface of the pile casing 8 by adopting marking lines, and the four projection lines are used as reference lines of two measuring points in the installation direction of the subsequent positioning lattice column. The reason for the current calibration reference line is: if the reference line is calibrated again when the mounting orientation of the lattice column 11 is positioned, the pile protection line is damaged, thereby affecting the accuracy of the reference point and finally leading to larger deviation value of the mounting orientation of the subsequent lattice column.
Measuring the height of the lattice column positioner and the elevation of the top of the pile casing: measuring the distance a between the lower surface of the horizontal control panel 2-1 and the bottom end of the limb board 1-1; and then the plane where the orifice of the pile hole 10 is positioned is taken as a level base surface, and the top elevation c of the pile casing 8 is measured.
The distance a between the lower surface of the horizontal control panel 2-1 and the bottom end of the limb board 1-1 is measured, and the top elevation c of the pile casing 8 is used as the top elevation of the subsequent positioning lattice column 11, wherein the range of the top elevation c of the pile casing 8 is as follows: c is more than or equal to 0.2m and less than or equal to 0.3m, and the purpose of selecting c is that c is more than or equal to 0.2m and less than or equal to 0.3m is as follows: on the one hand, ground muddy water or materials are prevented from being hung into the pile hole 10, and on the other hand, construction staff can conveniently read data during measurement.
Step three, butt joint lattice column and steel reinforcement cage: hoisting and inserting the lattice column 11 into a reinforcement cage; centering and positioning the lattice column 11 and the reinforcement cage, so that the cross section center of the lattice column 11 coincides with the cross section center of the reinforcement cage; and finally, fixedly connecting the lattice column 11 and the reinforcement cage.
The center of the cross section of the lattice column 11 coincides with the center of the cross section of the reinforcement cage, the reinforcement cage and the lattice column 11 are welded together by adopting screw steel, and the length of a welding line is more than 28cm.
Step four, hoisting lattice columns and reinforcement cages: hoisting lattice columns and reinforcement cages: hoisting and lowering the butted lattice column 11 and the reinforcement cage into the pile hole 10 until the top end of the lattice column 11 is 1 m-1.2 m away from the level base surface, and stopping the lowering of the lattice column 11 and the reinforcement cage; as shown in fig. 5 and 7, the lattice column clamping seat 9 is traversed by the lattice column 11, so that the lattice column 11 and the reinforcement cage are temporarily suspended on the pile casing 8.
When the lattice column 11 and the reinforcement cage are lowered into the pile hole 10, the lattice column 11 and the central shaft of the reinforcement cage are required to center the central shaft of the pile hole 10, if the lattice column 11 and the central shaft of the reinforcement cage are not centered on the central shaft of the pile hole 10, the phenomenon that the reinforcement cage protection layer does not meet the requirements or the reinforcement cage is clamped can occur, so that the reinforcement cage cannot be smoothly lowered, and when the concrete implementation is carried out, the lattice column clamping seat 9 is made of I-steel, the length of the I-steel is larger than the outer diameter of the pile casing 8, so that the lattice column 11 and the reinforcement cage can be stably suspended on the pile casing 8, and the I-steel is convenient to obtain materials.
The lattice column 11 and the steel reinforcement cage are in the process of lowering, the perpendicularity of the lattice column 11 does not need to be adjusted in a segmented mode, and the lattice column 11 and the steel reinforcement cage are only required to be stably inserted into the pile hole along the extending direction of the pile hole 10 under the action of a crane, so that the technical effect achieved by the method is as follows: the construction process is simplified, accumulated errors caused when the lattice column 10 is adjusted in multiple sections are avoided, if the accumulated errors are large, the installation difficulty coefficient of the tie beam is seriously affected, the stability of the whole supporting system is finally affected, and meanwhile, a plurality of constructors are required to work in a matched mode when the lattice column 10 is adjusted in multiple sections, so that the adjustment difficulty is large, and the labor intensity is high.
When the distance between the top end of the lattice column 11 and the level base surface is 1 m-1.2 m, the lattice column 11 and the reinforcement cage are stopped from being lowered, and if the distance between the top end of the lattice column 11 and the reference surface is more than 1.2m, the subsequent butt joint of the lattice column positioner and the lattice column is inconvenient.
Step five, butting a lattice column positioner and a lattice column: lifting the lattice column positioner so that the bottom of the lattice column positioner moves toward the top of the lattice column 11, and vertically inserting the top of the lattice column 11 into the lattice column positioner as shown in fig. 5; and then hooking the pulling plate hook 5 on the lattice column lacing plate 11-2, measuring the overlapping height s of the lattice column positioner and the lattice column 11, and finally removing the lattice column clamping seat 9 to complete the butt joint of the lattice column positioner and the lattice column 11.
During specific butt joint, the lattice column positioner moves slowly vertically towards the top of the lattice column 11, as shown in fig. 6, as the distance between two adjacent limb plates 1-1 is larger than the distance between two adjacent lattice column limb plates 11-1, namely, the lattice column positioner is used for sleeving the lattice column 11 into the lattice column positioner in the downward moving process, the lattice column positioner is externally inserted on the lattice column 11, and when in butt joint, only a constructor is required to cooperate with a crane driver to perform necessary stability, and the constructor is not required to perform adjustment, centering or other work, so that the butt joint time of the lattice column positioner and the lattice column 11 is greatly reduced, and the butt joint difficulty is reduced.
After the lattice column positioner is externally inserted on the lattice column 11, the pulling plate hooks 5 are hooked on the lattice column batten plates 11-2, and as the upright column 1 comprises the limb plates 1-1 positioned at the four corners of the cross section, the number of the pulling plate hooks 5 is four, the lattice column positioner and the lattice column 11 are in butt joint into a whole through the four pulling plate hooks 5, the four side surfaces of the lattice column 11 are provided with hanging points, and the stability of the lattice column positioner and the lattice column 11 after the butt joint is improved through the four hanging points. After the lattice column positioners and the lattice columns 11 are butted by the pulling plate hooks 5, the lattice column positioners and the lattice columns 11 are pulled by a crane, so that the lattice column clamping seats 9 can be conveniently and rapidly removed, and the lattice column positioners and the lattice columns 11 are in a suspended state under the action of the crane.
Step six, positioning the column top elevation of the lattice column: the column top elevation of the lattice column 11 is positioned by utilizing the distance between the horizontal control panel 2-1 and the pile casing 8, and the specific positioning process is as follows:
step 601, calculating the distance x between the lower surface of the horizontal control panel 2-1 and the surface of the casing 8 according to the formula x=h-s+a-c; wherein h is the column top elevation of the lattice column 11;
and 602, lifting and lowering the lattice column positioner, the lattice column 11 and the reinforcement cage which are integrally connected, until the distance between the lower surface of the horizontal control disc 2-1 and the surface of the pile casing 8 is x, stopping the lowering of the lattice column positioner, the lattice column 11 and the reinforcement cage, and finishing the column top elevation positioning of the lattice column 11.
As shown in fig. 8, the lattice column positioner, the lattice column 11 and the reinforcement cage are lowered into the pile hole 10 under the action of the crane, the vertical distance a between the lower surface of the horizontal control plate 2-1 and the bottom end of the limb plate 1-1 and the top elevation c of the pile casing 8 are obtained through measurement in the second step, the overlapping height s of the lattice column positioner and the lattice column 11 is obtained through measurement in the fifth step, the column top elevation h of the lattice column 11 meets the design requirement through the formula x=h-s+a-c, and the distance x between the lower surface of the horizontal control plate 2-1 and the upper surface of the pile casing 8, namely, whether the column top elevation of the lattice column 11 in the pile hole 10 meets the design requirement is determined through measurement of the distance between the lower surface of the horizontal control plate 2-1 and the upper surface of the pile casing 8. Since the column top elevation h of the lattice column 11 is a negative value, x=h-s+a-c is obtained according to the formula a=x+c+s+|h|.
The advantage of determining whether the column top elevation of the lattice column 11 located in the pile hole 10 meets the design requirement by measuring the distance between the lower surface of the horizontal control panel 2-1 located on the ground and the upper surface of the casing 8 is that: 1. the column top elevation positioning of the underground lattice column 11 is converted into the distance between the lower surface of the ground measurement horizontal control panel 2-1 and the upper surface of the pile casing 8, so that the column top elevation positioning efficiency of the lattice column 11 is effectively improved, and the column top elevation precision of the lattice column 11 can be improved; 2. the advantages compared with measuring the distance between the lower surface of the horizontal control disc 2-1 and the level base surface are: the constructor is easy and convenient to operate, the sight is good, and the measurement error phenomenon can not occur.
Seventh, positioning the mounting direction of the lattice column: the mounting azimuth of the lattice column 11 is positioned by using the calibrated reference line and the azimuth adjusting plate 2-2 in the step one, and the specific positioning process is as follows:
step 701, obtaining measurement points p on two sides of any reference line L of four reference lines 1 And measuring point p 2 Wherein the measuring point p 1 The distance to the reference line L is equal to the measuring point p 2 Distance to reference line L;
step 702, measuring the measurement points p by using level bars 1 And close to the measuring point p 1 Vertical distance l between limbs 1-1 1 And measuring point p 2 And close to the measuring point p 2 Vertical distance l between limbs 1-1 2 Pushing the azimuth adjusting plate 2-2 until l 1 ＝l 2 The mounting azimuth positioning of the lattice column 11 is completed.
In the specific positioning lattice column installation orientation, as shown in fig. 10, any reference line L of the four reference lines calibrated in the step one is adopted to obtain a measurement point p 1 And measuring point p 2 Wherein the point p is measured 1 The distance to the reference line L is equal to the measuring point p 2 The distance from the reference line L is measured by using the level bar to measure the measuring point p 1 To near the measuring point p 1 Vertical distance l between limbs 1-1 1 And measuring the measurement point p with a level 2 To near the measuring point p 2 Vertical distance l between limbs 1-1 2 If l 1 ＝l 2 The correct installation orientation of the lattice column positioner is indicated, and the installation orientation of the lattice column meets the design requirement, if l 1 ≠l 2 If the installation orientation of the lattice column does not meet the design requirement, if 1 ＞l 2 Toward the point of measurement p 1 When the azimuth adjusting plate 2-2 is pushed, the azimuth adjusting plate 2-2 drives the lattice column positioner and the lattice column 11 to simultaneously face the measuring point p when the azimuth adjusting plate 2-2 is pushed because the lattice column positioner and the lattice column 11 are in a suspended state under the action of the crane 1 Is rotated in the direction of (1) until l 1 ＝l 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If l 1 ＜l 2 Toward the point of measurement p 2 When the azimuth adjusting plate 2-2 is pushed, the azimuth adjusting plate 2-2 drives the lattice column positioner and the lattice column 11 to simultaneously face the measuring point p because the lattice column positioner and the lattice column 11 are in a suspended state under the action of the crane when the azimuth adjusting plate 2-2 is pushed 2 Is rotated in the direction of (1) until l 1 ＝l 2 The positioning of the mounting azimuth of the lattice column is completed, and the existing pile protection line is directly utilized to calibrate the reference point during specific positioning, so that the construction process is simplified, and the positioning time is also saved.
In this embodiment, the azimuth adjusting plate 2-2 is pushed along the tangential direction of the horizontal control panel 2-1 when the azimuth adjusting plate 2-2 is pushed, so that the thrust can be reduced, and the energy consumption can be reduced.
Step eight, perpendicularity of the positioning lattice column: and placing the leveling rod on the horizontal control disc 2-1, and adjusting the levelness of the horizontal control disc 2-1 until the leveling bubble of the leveling rod is centered, so as to finish the verticality positioning of the lattice column 11.
When the perpendicularity of the lattice column 11 is specifically positioned, the perpendicularity positioning of the lattice column 11 is finished only once after the column top elevation positioning of the lattice column 11 and the installation azimuth positioning of the lattice column 11 are finished, and when the perpendicularity positioning is performed, the perpendicularity of the lattice column 11 can be accurately positioned through the levelness positioning of the horizontal control disc 2-1, so that compared with the traditional multiple perpendicularity positioning, the positioning time can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the accumulated deviation caused by multiple positioning can be avoided.
When the column top elevation positioning of the lattice column 11, the installation azimuth positioning of the lattice column 11 and the perpendicularity positioning of the lattice column 11 are completed, only two constructors are needed, and the completion positioning is only needed for 5min, so that the number of constructors is reduced, the construction cost is reduced, and the positioning efficiency is greatly improved compared with the existing four-person positioning.
In this embodiment, after the step eight is completed, the method further includes pouring concrete and removing the lattice column positioner: traversing the positioner clamping seat 12 on the upright column 1, temporarily suspending the latticed column positioner, the latticed column 11 and the steel reinforcement cage on the pile casing 8, and pouring concrete into the pile hole 10; after the concrete is initially set, removing the positioner clamping seat 12, and pulling the lifting rope 7 upwards to separate the latticed column positioner from the latticed column 11; lifting the lattice column positioner to finish the dismantling of the lattice column positioner; wherein, the lifting rope 7 passes through the mounting ring 6, and the mounting ring 6 is fixed on the pulling plate hook 5.
After the column top elevation positioning of the lattice column 11, the installation azimuth positioning of the lattice column 11 and the perpendicularity positioning of the lattice column 11 are completed, as shown in fig. 9, a locator clamping seat 12 is traversed through the upright column 1, the lattice column locator, the lattice column 11 and the reinforcement cage are temporarily suspended on the pile casing 8, the locator clamping seat 12 is I-shaped steel, concrete pouring is performed again, finally, after the concrete is initially set, the locator clamping seat 12 is removed, the upward pulling force applied to the lifting rope 7 is exerted, the pulling plate hook 5 is separated from the lattice column pulling plate 11-2 under the action of the lifting rope 7, finally, the lattice column locator is separated from the lattice column 11, the detached lattice column locator can be utilized for the next time, the utilization rate of the lattice column locator is improved, and the construction cost of the lattice column 11 is reduced.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple modification, variation and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a positioning method of a lattice column positioner, the lattice column positioner comprises a column (1), the top of the column (1) is sleeved with a lattice cap (2) for controlling the verticality of a lattice column (11), the column top elevation of the lattice column (11) and the installation azimuth of the lattice column (11), and the bottom of the column (1) is hinged with a pulling plate hook (5) which is detachably connected with the lattice column (11);
the upright post (1) consists of limb plates (1-1) positioned at four corners of a square section and lacing plates (1-2) arranged between two adjacent limb plates (1-1) at intervals along the length direction of the limb plates (1-1);
the lattice cap (2) comprises a horizontal control disc (2-1) sleeved outside the upright post (1), and a plurality of azimuth adjusting plates (2-2) distributed along the circumferential direction of the horizontal control disc (2-1) are arranged at the outer edge of the horizontal control disc (2-1); the positioning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, calibrating a reference line: mounting azimuth reference lines by taking projection lines of two intersecting pile protection lines on the upper surface of the pile protection barrel (8) as lattice columns (11), and calibrating four reference lines on the surface of the pile protection barrel (8);
measuring the height of the lattice column positioner and the elevation of the top of the pile casing: measuring the distance a between the lower surface of the horizontal control panel (2-1) and the bottom end of the limb plate (1-1); then taking the plane of the orifice of the pile hole (10) as a level base surface, and measuring the top mark height c of the pile casing (8);
step three, butt joint lattice column and steel reinforcement cage: hoisting and inserting the lattice column (11) into a reinforcement cage; centering and positioning the lattice column (11) and the reinforcement cage, so that the cross section center of the lattice column (11) coincides with the cross section center of the reinforcement cage; finally, the lattice column (11) and the reinforcement cage are fixedly connected;
step four, hoisting lattice columns and reinforcement cages: hoisting and lowering the butted lattice column (11) and the reinforcement cage into the pile hole (10) until the top end of the lattice column (11) is 1 m-1.2 m away from the level base surface, and stopping the lowering of the lattice column (11) and the reinforcement cage; then the latticed column clamping seat (9) traverses the latticed column (11), so that the latticed column (11) and the reinforcement cage are temporarily suspended on the pile casing (8);
step five, butting a lattice column positioner and a lattice column: lifting the lattice column positioner, enabling the bottom of the lattice column positioner to move towards the top of the lattice column (11), and vertically inserting the top of the lattice column (11) into the lattice column positioner; then hooking the pulling plate hook (5) on the lattice column lacing plate (11-2), measuring the overlapping height s of the lattice column positioner and the lattice column (11), and finally removing the lattice column clamping seat (9) to finish the butt joint of the lattice column positioner and the lattice column (11);
step six, positioning the column top elevation of the lattice column: the column top elevation of the lattice column (11) is positioned by utilizing the distance between the horizontal control panel (2-1) and the pile casing (8), and the concrete positioning process is as follows:
step 601, calculating the distance x between the lower surface of the horizontal control panel (2-1) and the surface of the casing (8) according to the formula x=h-s+a-c; wherein h is the column top elevation of the lattice column (11);
step 602, lifting and lowering the butted lattice column positioner, the lattice column (11) and the reinforcement cage until the distance between the lower surface of the horizontal control disc (2-1) and the surface of the pile casing (8) is x, stopping the lowering of the lattice column positioner, the lattice column (11) and the reinforcement cage, and finishing the column top elevation positioning of the lattice column (11);
seventh, positioning the mounting direction of the lattice column: the mounting azimuth of the lattice column (11) is positioned by using the calibrated reference line and the azimuth adjusting plate (2-2) in the step one, and the specific positioning process is as follows:
step 701, obtaining measurement points p on two sides of any reference line L of four reference lines 1 And measuring point p 2 Wherein the measuring point p 1 The distance to the reference line L is equal to the measuring point p 2 A distance to the reference line L;
step 702, measuring the measurement points p by using level bars 1 And close to the measuring point p 1 Vertical distance l between limb plates (1-1) 1 And measuring point p 2 And close to the measuring point p 2 Vertical distance l between limb plates (1-1) 2 Pushing the azimuth adjusting plate (2-2) until l 1 ＝l 2 Completing the installation azimuth positioning of the lattice column (11);
step eight, perpendicularity of the positioning lattice column: and placing the leveling rod on a horizontal control disc (2-1), and adjusting the levelness of the horizontal control disc (2-1) until the leveling bubble of the leveling rod is centered, so as to finish the verticality positioning of the lattice column (11).
2. A method of positioning a lattice column positioner according to claim 1, wherein: a fixing pin (4) is arranged between two adjacent limb plates (1-1), the end part of the fixing pin (4) is fixed on the limb plate (1-1) through an ear seat (3), a pulling plate hook (5) is rotatably arranged on the fixing pin (4), and a pulling rope (7) for pulling the pulling plate hook (5) is arranged on the pulling plate hook (5).
3. A method of positioning a lattice column positioner according to claim 2, wherein: the pulling plate hook (5) is provided with a mounting ring (6) for the pulling rope (7) to pass through.
4. A method of positioning a lattice column positioner according to claim 1, wherein: the lacing plates (1-2) are fixed on the outer sides of two adjacent limb plates (1-1).
5. A method of positioning a lattice column positioner according to claim 1, wherein: the horizontal control panel (2-1) is provided with a mounting hole (2-3) for the upright post (1) to pass through in the center position, and the mounting hole (2-3) is a square hole matched with the square section of the upright post (1).
6. A method of positioning a lattice column positioner according to claim 1, wherein: after the step eight is completed, the method further comprises the steps of pouring concrete and removing the lattice column positioner: traversing the positioner clamping seat (12) on the upright post (1), temporarily suspending the latticed column positioner, the latticed column (11) and the steel reinforcement cage on the pile casing (8), and pouring concrete into the pile hole (10); after the concrete is initially set, removing the positioner clamping seat (12), and pulling the lifting rope (7) upwards to separate the latticed column positioner from the latticed column (11); lifting the lattice column positioner to finish the dismantling of the lattice column positioner; the lifting rope (7) penetrates through the mounting ring (6), and the mounting ring (6) is fixed on the pulling plate hook (5).
7. The method for positioning a lattice column positioner according to claim 6, wherein: the lattice column clamping seat (9) and the locator clamping seat (12) are both I-shaped steel.
8. A method of positioning a lattice column positioner according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the value range of the top elevation c of the pile casing (8) is as follows: c is more than or equal to 0.2m and less than or equal to 0.3m.
9. A method of positioning a lattice column positioner according to claim 1, wherein: and step seven, pushing the azimuth adjusting plate (2-2) along the tangential direction of the horizontal control panel (2-1) when pushing the azimuth adjusting plate (2-2).
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| CN109332982B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-01-19 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | Steel bar butt joint positioning device for pile foundation steel reinforcement cage machining and construction method |
| CN111851517A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-10-30 | 武汉安振岩土工程有限公司 | Accurate installation method of steel lattice column applied to foundation pit supporting engineering |
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| CN204298830U (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-04-29 | 天津第二市政公路工程有限公司 | Based on lattice column plane in subterranean excavation and elevation regulation device |
| CN107401167B (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2019-04-05 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of lattice column locating guide device and the construction method using locating guide device |
| CN207714327U (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-08-10 | 中铁一局集团有限公司 | A kind of lattice column locator |
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