CN108179339A - Vanadium chrome-silicon alloy and its production method - Google Patents
Vanadium chrome-silicon alloy and its production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108179339A CN108179339A CN201711473405.7A CN201711473405A CN108179339A CN 108179339 A CN108179339 A CN 108179339A CN 201711473405 A CN201711473405 A CN 201711473405A CN 108179339 A CN108179339 A CN 108179339A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/02—Alloys based on vanadium, niobium, or tantalum
- C22C27/025—Alloys based on vanadium, niobium, or tantalum alloys based on vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C35/00—Master alloys for iron or steel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C35/00—Master alloys for iron or steel
- C22C35/005—Master alloys for iron or steel based on iron, e.g. ferro-alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
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Abstract
The invention belongs to vanadium iron field of smelting, and in particular to a kind of vanadium chrome-silicon alloy and its production method.The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of vanadium chrome-silicon alloy and its production method, and vanadium chrome-silicon alloy main component composition is：V 20.0~60.0%, Cr 10.0~30.0%, Si 10.0~30.0%, surplus are iron and inevitable impurity.The present invention can disposably provide vanadium chrome-silicon alloy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vanadium iron field of smelting, and in particular to a kind of vanadium chrome-silicon alloy and its production method.
Background technology
Vanadium, chromium, silicon are alloy elements in most common steel, in the world more than 90% vanadium, more than 85% chromium and
More than 50% silicon is applied to steel industry, and steel industry is the maximum user of vanadium, chromium, silicon, therefore comprehensively utilizes this three
Element first choice is the alloy addition for steel-making.At present vanadium, chromium, silicon be applied to steel-making in be respectively with vanadium iron (or vanadium nitrogen close
Gold), ferrochrome, ferrosilicon form add respectively, most of structural steel, micro alloyed steel, steel alloy have the trigram element as close
The aurification factor, typical steel grade have：The steel alloy of CrMoV series, CrV series, CrNiMoV series in steel alloy；Alloy work
Have steel in cold work die steel Cr12MoV, hot die steel, without magnetic mould steel such as Cr12Mo1V etc.；In high-speed tool steel
WCrV series, WMoCrV series；The CrMoV series of martensite heat-resistant steel, the SiCrV series of spring steel；And low-alloy structural
In steel and microalloy structure etc..Therefore the purposes of the composite alloy of exploitation vanadium chrome-silicon is quite extensive, product extensive market.Domestic steel
Iron industry consume every year at present vanadium iron (containing VN alloy, equivalent 50 vanadium iron) more than 40,000 tons, about 4,000,000 tons of ferrochrome, ferrosilicon about
6000000 tons, but there is no at present it is a kind of can provide simultaneously vanadium, chromium, element silicon composite alloy meet the needs of steel-making.
As the vanadium, chromium, three element of silicon being added in steel-making at present in a manner of three kinds of vanadium iron, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon ferroalloys
It adds respectively, there has been no the reports added in the form of a kind of composite alloy.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of vanadium chrome-silicon alloy and its production methods.The vanadium chrome-silicon alloy can be used for steel or have
Color industry field provides the alloy addition for improving the tri- big alloy element of V, Cr, Si needed for performance, has resource utilization
Height, production is easy, low energy consumption, the advantage of clean environment firendly.The method of the present invention with contain Cr materials (chromite powder, vanadium chromium waste residue or its
He contains Cr materials), it is smelted in electric arc furnaces with addition of vanadium oxide and reducing agent (ferrosilicon or aluminium powder) and obtains vanadium chrome-silicon alloy.
First technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of vanadium chrome-silicon alloy, and main component composition is：V
20.0~60.0%, Cr 10.0~30.0%, Si 10.0~30.0%, surplus are iron and inevitable impurity.
Further, in above-mentioned vanadium chrome-silicon alloy, when for vanadium chrome-silicon alloy 25, main component composition is：V 20.0
~30.0%, Cr 20.0~30.0%, Si 10.0~15.0%, C≤0.3%, P≤0.06%, S≤0.06%, Al≤
2.0%, surplus is iron.
Further, in above-mentioned vanadium chrome-silicon alloy, when for vanadium chrome-silicon alloy 35, main component composition is：V 30.0
~40.0%, Cr 20.0~30.0%, Si 10.0~15.0%, C≤0.3%, P≤0.06%, S≤0.06%, Al≤
2.0%, surplus is iron.
Further, in above-mentioned vanadium chrome-silicon alloy, when for vanadium chrome-silicon alloy 45, main component composition is：V 40.0
~50.0%, Cr 20.0~30.0%, Si 10.0~15.0%, C≤0.3%, P≤0.06%, S≤0.06%, Al≤
2.0%, surplus is iron.
Further, in above-mentioned vanadium chrome-silicon alloy, when for vanadium chrome-silicon alloy 55, main component composition is：V 50.0
~60.0%, Cr 20.0~30.0%, Si 10.0~15.0%, C≤0.25%, P≤0.06%, S≤0.06%, Al≤
2.0%, surplus is iron.
Second technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the production method of above-mentioned vanadium chrome-silicon alloy.The producer
Method includes the following steps：Using chromite or vanadium chromium waste residue, vanadium oxide, aluminium powder, ferrosilicon as raw material, slag former is incorporated, according to whole conjunction
Each element content is calculated in each element content and raw material in golden product, and above-mentioned raw materials are added by result of calculation；Above-mentioned raw materials
It is powered and is smelted after mixing, smelt into residue when V, Cr content are respectively smaller than 0.3% and stop smelting, slag tap, detect
The ingredient of alloy at this time, then the difference with whole alloy product ingredient, addition refinery are refined, are refined according to testing result
Until alloying component is met the requirements, then by alloy casting to ingot mould to get vanadium chrome-silicon alloy.
Preferably, in aforementioned production method, according to finished product silicone content, it is confirmed whether to need to add in ferrosilicon as smelting original
Material.
Preferably, in aforementioned production method, the granularity of the chromite is in below 50mm.
Preferably, in aforementioned production method, the vanadium chromium waste residue add water washing, filter, be dried to water content 3% with
Under.
Preferably, it in aforementioned production method, smelts and is carried out in a manner that more phases smelt.
Preferably, in aforementioned production method, the refinery is vanadium oxide and the mixture of iron scale.The two mixing ratio
Example depends on the circumstances according to the difference of alloying component testing result after smelting and whole alloy product ingredient.
Preferably, in aforementioned production method, the equipment used of smelting is three-phase ac electric arc furnace.
The method of the present invention disposably can provide the tri- big alloying of V, Cr, Si improved needed for performance for field of iron and steel smelting
Element, three kinds of more traditional vanadium iron, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon alloy modes used at the same time are more effective, using vanadium chromium waste residue as raw material, can have
Effect realizes harmless treatment and the recycling of vanadium chromium waste residue, with resource utilization is high, production is easy, low energy consumption, cleaning
The advantage of environmental protection.
Specific embodiment
The production method of vanadium chrome-silicon alloy, includes the following steps：
(1) chromite or the pretreatment of vanadium chromium waste residue are smelted into the raw material carried out to be suitble to：Wherein, chromite is broken into can
Enter the suitable particle size of stove smelting, i.e., granularity is in below 50mm；Vanadium chromium waste residue is added into water washing, filtering, removal or reduction influence production
Such as (P, S can control the ingredient that quality and smelting process are stablized after once washing by P, S, sodium salt<0.5%th, Na2O<
3%), by filter cake drying and dewatering (H after filtering2O<3%) etc., raw material can be pressed by flying upward pollution for reduction smelting process generation
Ball is smelted in favor of lower step；
(2) through step (1) treated chromite or vanadium chromium slag and vanadium oxide according to subject alloy component requirements by certain
Ratio is incorporated reducing agent aluminium powder and ferrosilicon, is uniformly mixed；
(3) furnace charge completed through step (2) preparation adds in the smelting that is powered in electric arc furnaces, and a point more phases of smelting carry out, and are powered and add
Hot stove material make it is load melting, carry out drastic reduction, valuable element V, Cr in furnace charge are restored as far as possible, process adds reducing agent aluminium
Powder, dilution smelted furnace cinder (remain V, Cr in control residue<0.3%), then go out lean slag to slag pan, aluminium alloy is stayed in stove, is taken
The chemical examination of alloy sample (determines that refinery forms), and adding in refinery, (refinery has vanadium oxide and iron scale, when alloy V grades are high
Reduce vanadium oxide, increase vanadium oxide dosage when alloy V grades are low) refined, remove aluminium exceeded in alloy, adjustment alloy into
After division lattice, go out aluminium alloy and be cast to ingot mould；
(4) product handling system：After alloy condensation after the cleaning attached slag in surface, become qualified vanadium through finishing, broken, screening, packaging
Chrome-silicon finished product.
After the removal of impurities of vanadium chromic wastes disposal is reached smelting requirements by the method for the present invention, by different ratio prepared furnace charge, in electric arc furnaces
Interior energization melting, furnace charge fully react the slag and aluminium alloy for forming liquid at high temperature, slag and aluminium alloy cooling after coming out of the stove
Solidification detaches clinker and alloy, obtained vanadium chrome-silicon alloy cake packaging and storage after finishing, break-iron, broken, screening process,
User is supplied to use as finished product.
In the method for the present invention smelting process, the V in furnace charge2O5、Cr2O3With part SiO2It is reduced into the melt composition of simple substance
Aluminium alloy is deposited on burner hearth bottom, the Al of generation2O3It is gathered in above aluminium alloy with formation slags such as CaO, phase furnace charge reaction knot
Shu Hou, fascinate furnace body, pours out most of slag, and aluminium alloy is stayed in stove；It is previous that the continuation of second phase furnace charge is added in after furnace body return
A process carries out second phase smelting；After aluminium alloy increases to rated capacity in stove, aluminium alloy is cast in ingot mould by turndown, cooling
It is demoulded after solidification, cleans out the attached slag of alloy surface, by alloy finishing, crushed, sieve up to vanadium chrome-silicon alloy.
Raw material chromite of the present invention can be bought in furnace charge market, containing Cr2O340~50%；Vanadium chromium waste residue is vanadium chemical enterprise
The waste residue of wastewater treatment, containing V2O52~8%, Cr2O320~40%, SiO28~15%.If Silicon In Alloys are insufficient, can supplement
Part ferrosilicon.
The method of the present invention smelting step main equipment is generally three-phase ac electric arc furnace, the generally following step of smelting process
Suddenly：
After 1. smelting electric furnace system prepares completely, handle prepared furnace charge and added in stove by charging system, energization smelting
Refining will be load melting；
2. the reducing agent ferrosilicon (or aluminium powder) in furnace charge restores the vanadium of oxidation state, chromium in furnace charge under high temperature melting state
It out forms aluminium alloy and is deposited on bottom of furnace body, vanadium, chromium content are remained in foundry test analysis slag<After 0.3%, rotary furnace
Body pours out lean slag；
Continue to smelt 3. furnace body resets addition next batch furnace charge, comprehensive furnace volume and raw material condition determine each furnace charge
Addition and number of slagging tap；
4. after aluminium alloy gathers a certain amount of in stove, lean slag is gone out and has added in refinery adjustment alloying component, alloying component
After qualification, the furnace body that fascinates taps a blast furnace, and aluminium alloy is cast to ingot mould；
5. furnace body resets, repairing furnace body carries out next stove smelting.
In the method for the present invention, since the source of selected raw material is different, the product of required acquisition is different, then each raw material
Proportion relation it is different, in practical blending process, can reasonably be matched according to product demand and material composition；Meanwhile
Since the smelting equipment of use is different, smelts mode difference, the smelting parameter (such as electric current, voltage) of control is also different, practical smelting
During refining, can smelting condition reasonably be controlled according to practical smelting situation, vanadium in residue and chromium can only be controlled respectively
Below 0.3%.
In product of the present invention and method, without specified otherwise, the ratio, content are weight percentage.
The method of the present invention smelt gained vanadium chrome-silicon alloy component range for V 20~60%, Cr 10~30%, Si 10~
30%, composition such as the following table 1 of each element in alloy is dynamically adapted by user's requirement：
Table 1
Embodiment 1
Panzhihua smeltery uses waste water vanadium chromium slag (ingredient V2O55.92%th, Cr2O337.1%th, SiO213.0%)
3000kg, supplying 1580kg vanadium oxides (contain V after drying pressure ball2O598.5%), 500kg75 ferrosilicon and 1300kg aluminium powders exist
It is smelted in the three-phawse arc furnace of 3200KVA, by three phases charging (furnace charge, the smelting energization secondary voltage of each issue of addition 1/3
135V, 11000~13000A of electric current), three phases slag tap, phase refining (refinery for 120kg lime and 300kg iron scales)
Operation obtains vanadium chrome-silicon alloy finished product 2900kg, and gained alloying component is V 35.6%, Cr 25.8%, Si 13.5%, C
0.15%th, P 0.06%, S 0.04%, the smelting process V rate of recovery 98.5%, the Cr rate of recovery 99.3% smelt gained vanadium chrome-silicon
Alloy is sold to a mould steel enterprise for production mould steel, and customer responsiveness is good.Smelting byproducts SiO2- CaO-MgO clinkers
Cement producer is provided and does raw material.
Embodiment 2
Panzhihua smeltery (contains Cr using 2000kg chromite powders2O345%) it is incorporated vanadium oxide and (contains V2O597.5%)
2200kg, 380kg ferrosilicon 75 and 1650kg aluminium powders are smelted in the three-phawse arc furnace of 3200KVA, are smelted by the charging of three phases (every
Phase add in 1/3 furnace charge, smelt energization secondary voltage 135V, 11000~13000A of electric current), three phases slag tap, phase refining (essence
Refining material is 100kg lime and 200kg iron scales) operation, obtain vanadium chrome-silicon alloy finished product 2560kg, gained alloying component is
V 46.1%, Cr 25.2%, Si 11.5%, C 0.13%, P 0.05%, S 0.03%, the smelting process V rate of recovery
98.2%, the Cr rate of recovery 99.1% smelts gained vanadium chrome-silicon alloy and is sold to a tool steel enterprise for tool of production steel, user
Reaction is good, smelting byproducts SiO2- CaO-MgO clinkers provide cement producer and do raw material.
Claims (10)
1. vanadium chrome-silicon alloy, it is characterised in that：Main component forms：V 20.0~60.0%, Cr 10.0~30.0%, Si
10.0~30.0%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
2. vanadium chrome-silicon alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：When for vanadium chrome-silicon alloy 25, main component
It forms and is：V 20.0~30.0%, Cr 20.0~30.0%, Si 10.0~15.0%, C≤0.3%, P≤0.06%, S≤
0.06%th, Al≤2.0%, surplus are iron.
3. vanadium chrome-silicon alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：When for vanadium chrome-silicon alloy 35, main component
It forms and is：V 30.0~40.0%, Cr 20.0~30.0%, Si 10.0~15.0%, C≤0.3%, P≤0.06%, S≤
0.06%th, Al≤2.0%, surplus are iron.
4. vanadium chrome-silicon alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：When for vanadium chrome-silicon alloy 45, main component
It forms and is：V 40.0~50.0%, Cr 20.0~30.0%, Si 10.0~15.0%, C≤0.3%, P≤0.06%, S≤
0.06%th, Al≤2.0%, surplus are iron.
5. vanadium chrome-silicon alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：When for vanadium chrome-silicon alloy 55, main component
It forms and is：V 50.0~60.0%, Cr 20.0~30.0%, Si 10.0~15.0%, C≤0.25%, P≤0.06%, S≤
0.06%th, Al≤2.0%, surplus are iron.
6. the production method of Claims 1 to 5 any one of them vanadium chrome-silicon alloy, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：With
Chromite or vanadium chromium waste residue, vanadium oxide, aluminium powder, ferrosilicon are raw material, slag former are incorporated, according to each element content in whole alloy product
It is calculated with each element content in raw material, above-mentioned raw materials is added by result of calculation；Above-mentioned raw materials are powered progress after mixing
It smelts, smelts into residue when V, Cr content are respectively smaller than 0.3% and stop smelting, slag tap, detect the ingredient of alloy at this time, then
According to testing result with the difference of whole alloy product ingredient, add in refinery and refined, be refined to alloying component and meet the requirements
Until, then by alloy casting to ingot mould to get vanadium chrome-silicon alloy.
7. the production method of vanadium chrome-silicon alloy according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The granularity of the chromite exists
Below 50mm.
8. the production method of vanadium chrome-silicon alloy according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The vanadium chromium waste residue adds washing
It washs, filter, being dried to water content below 3%.
9. the production method of vanadium chrome-silicon alloy according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The refinery for vanadium oxide and
The mixture of iron scale.
10. according to the production method of claim 6~9 any one of them vanadium chrome-silicon alloy, it is characterised in that：The smelting is adopted
Equipment is three-phase ac electric arc furnace.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109868375A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-06-11 | 四川明宏恒进科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of crome metal |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102312145A (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2012-01-11 | 攀枝花学院 | Ferrochrome and production method thereof |
| CN104726715A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-06-24 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司承德分公司 | Recycling method for vanadium-chromium waste residues |
-
2017
- 2017-12-29 CN CN201711473405.7A patent/CN108179339A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102312145A (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2012-01-11 | 攀枝花学院 | Ferrochrome and production method thereof |
| CN104726715A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-06-24 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司承德分公司 | Recycling method for vanadium-chromium waste residues |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109868375A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-06-11 | 四川明宏恒进科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of crome metal |
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Application publication date: 20180619 |