CN108168744B - Sensor for measuring rock mass stress - Google Patents
Sensor for measuring rock mass stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN108168744B CN108168744B CN201810046103.XA CN201810046103A CN108168744B CN 108168744 B CN108168744 B CN 108168744B CN 201810046103 A CN201810046103 A CN 201810046103A CN 108168744 B CN108168744 B CN 108168744B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
- G01L1/2206—Special supports with preselected places to mount the resistance strain gauges; Mounting of supports
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0047—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to residual stresses
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of sensors, and discloses a sensor for measuring rock mass stress, which comprises: the device comprises a circular support ring, an arc-shaped sensitive element and a resistance strain gauge; two fixing parts which are symmetrical about the circle center of the circular support ring are arranged on the inner side of the circular support ring; two ends of the arc-shaped sensitive element are respectively connected with the two fixing parts; the resistance strain gauge is fixed on the arc-shaped sensitive element. The invention provides a sensor capable of improving the sensitivity of rock stress measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to a sensor for measuring rock stress.
Background
Rock mass stress is natural stress existing in stratum and not disturbed by engineering, is the fundamental acting force causing deformation and destruction of mining, water conservancy and hydropower, civil construction, railways, highways, military affairs and other various underground or open-air geotechnical excavation engineering, and is the necessary premise of determining the mechanical property of engineering rock mass, carrying out surrounding rock stability analysis and realizing geotechnical engineering excavation design and decision scientization. The most widely used stress measurement methods in engineering at present are the hydraulic fracturing method and the trepanning stress relieving method. Compared with the hydraulic fracturing method which must assume in advance that one principal axis of stress tensor must be consistent with the axial direction of the drill hole, the trepanning stress relief method is considered to be an ideal test method for obtaining the spatial three-dimensional stress by virtue of the reliability and stability of the trepanning stress relief method.
When the trepanning stress relief method is adopted to determine the in-situ rock stress, the displacement value of the surrounding rock caused by trepanning disturbance is very small, so that the sensitivity of the measuring element is a key factor for determining the quality of a measuring result.
The most used method for removing the sleeve hole in the engineering is a 36-2 type drilling deformer, a sensor of the 36-2 type drilling deformer is a steel ring type sensor, and the deformation of the drill hole generated by stress release in the sleeve hole stress removing process is converted into the deformation of a steel ring. The 36-2 type borehole deformer has low sensitivity, so that the measurement accuracy is not high. Meanwhile, the sensor of the 36-2 type drilling deformation meter is not easy to stick a strain gauge, and the recovery rate is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a sensor for measuring rock mass stress, which solves the technical problem of low sensor sensitivity of a borehole deformer in the prior art.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a sensor for measuring rock mass stress, comprising: the device comprises a circular support ring, an arc-shaped sensitive element and a resistance strain gauge;
two fixing parts which are symmetrical about the circle center are arranged on the inner side of the circular support ring;
two ends of the arc-shaped sensitive element are respectively connected with the two fixing parts;
the resistance strain gauge is fixed on the arc-shaped sensitive element.
Further, the resistance strain gauge is fixed at the midpoint position of the arc-shaped sensitive element.
Furthermore, the resistance strain gauges are two and are respectively fixed on two sides of the arc-shaped sensitive element.
Further, the sensor further comprises: a T-shaped connector;
the number of the T-shaped connecting pieces is two, and the T-shaped connecting pieces are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the two fixing parts;
two ends of the arc-shaped sensing element are respectively connected with the two T-shaped connecting pieces, so that the arc center of the arc-shaped sensing element is superposed with the circle center of the circular supporting ring.
Further, the T-shaped connector includes: the transverse connecting part and the vertical connecting part are connected with the transverse connecting part;
the transverse connecting part is fixedly connected with the fixing part;
the vertical connecting part is connected with the end part of the arc-shaped sensing element, so that the arc center of the arc-shaped sensing element is superposed with the circle center of the circular support ring.
Furthermore, a transverse fixing groove matched with the transverse connecting part is formed in the fixing part;
the transverse connecting part is embedded in the transverse fixing groove.
Further, the depth of the transverse fixing groove is consistent with the thickness of the transverse connecting part.
Further, a vertical connecting groove is formed in the end portion of the vertical connecting portion; the end part of the arc-shaped sensitive element is provided with a vertical connection part matched with the vertical connection groove;
the vertical connecting part is embedded in the vertical connecting groove, so that two ends of the arc-shaped sensitive element are symmetrical about the circle center of the circular supporting ring.
Furthermore, two bolt holes are formed in the transverse connecting portion, and the two bolt holes are respectively arranged on two sides of the vertical connecting portion;
vertical fastening bolts are arranged in the two bolt holes, and the transverse connecting part is fixed in the transverse fixing groove.
Further, the vertical coupling portion is fastened in the vertical coupling groove by a horizontal fastening bolt.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
according to the sensor for measuring the rock mass stress, the round support ring supports the sensing structure, and the sensing structure is well matched with the inner wall of the drill hole, so that the stability of the sensing structure is guaranteed; two ends of the arc-shaped sensing element are respectively connected with two fixing parts which are arranged at the inner side and are symmetrical about the circle center of the arc-shaped sensing element, so that strain is induced by the arc-shaped sensing element; because the radius of curvature of inside thin arc steel sheet is less than the radius of curvature of original steel ring type sensor far away, consequently, under the same condition of both ends displacement, the bending deformation degree of thin arc steel sheet is greater than original steel ring type sensor far away, and the sensitivity of novel sensor is greater than old-fashioned steel ring type sensor far away promptly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sensor for measuring rock mass stress provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a T-shaped connector provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view of an arc-shaped sensor according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a circular support ring structure provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the application provides a sensor for rock mass stress measurement, solves the technical problem that the sensor sensitivity of a drilling deformation meter in the prior art is low.
In order to better understand the technical solutions, the technical solutions will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments of the specification, and it should be understood that the embodiments and specific features of the embodiments of the present invention are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limitations of the technical solutions of the present application, and the technical features of the embodiments and examples of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1, a sensor for measuring rock mass stress includes: a circular support ring 1, an arc sensing element 3 and a resistance strain gauge 4.
Specifically, two fixing parts symmetrical about the center of a circle are arranged on the inner side of the circular support ring 1; two ends of the arc-shaped sensitive element 3 are respectively connected with the two fixing parts; the resistance strain gauge 4 is fixed on the arc-shaped sensitive element 3.
Generally, the arc-shaped sensing element 3 can adopt an arc-shaped strain gauge.
Therefore, the circular support ring 1 is matched with the inner wall of the drill hole, the arc sensitive element 3 is pressed to generate radial strain in a centralized manner through relative approach of the fixing part, so that the arc sensitive element 3 deforms, and the curvature radius of the arc sensitive element 3 is far smaller than that of the circular support ring 1, namely, the radius of the existing sensing structure, so that the deformation amount of the arc sensitive element 3 is larger under the condition of dealing with the same displacement, and higher sensitivity is achieved.
Generally, the resistance strain gauge 4 is fixed at the midpoint of the arc-shaped sensing element 3. I.e. the region with the largest deformation, ensures a higher sensitivity.
Generally, the resistance strain gauges 4 are two pieces, and are respectively fixed on two sides of the arc-shaped sensing element 3, that is, on two sides of the bending strain part, so as to reliably obtain the deformation of the arc-shaped sensing element 3.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, further, the sensor further includes: a T-shaped connecting piece 2; the number of the T-shaped connecting pieces 2 is two, and the T-shaped connecting pieces are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the two fixing parts; two ends of the arc-shaped sensing element 3 are respectively connected with the two T-shaped connecting pieces 2, so that the arc center of the arc-shaped sensing element is superposed with the circle center of the circular support ring. The stress directions of the arc-shaped sensitive elements 3 are on the same straight line, so that the strain state is greatly reflected, and reliable strain detection is ensured.
Further, the T-shaped connector 2 comprises: the transverse connecting part and the vertical connecting part are connected with the transverse connecting part; the transverse connecting part is fixedly connected with the fixing part; the vertical connecting part is connected with the end part of the arc-shaped sensing element 3, so that the arc center of the arc-shaped sensing element 3 is superposed with the circle center of the circular support ring 1. The initial bending state of the arc-shaped sensitive element is ensured to be consistent with the shape of the circular support ring 1 through the T-shaped connecting piece 2, so that the strain condition can be more accurately reflected when strain is generated. Meanwhile, the stress conditions at the two ends of the arc-shaped sensitive element 3 can be ensured to be radial all the time, and the reliability of strain is ensured.
Furthermore, a transverse fixing groove matched with the transverse connecting part is formed in the fixing part; the transverse connecting part is embedded in the transverse fixing groove. That is to say, through the slip of the horizontal connecting portion of fixed recess restriction, guarantee the fixed reliability of T shape connecting piece 2 to guarantee the stability of the position and the gesture of arc sensing element 3, guarantee the sensitivity of sensor.
Generally, the depth of the transverse fixing groove is consistent with the thickness of the transverse connecting part, so that the inner side wall of the circular support ring 1 is complete, the stress distribution is relatively uniform, the integrity of stress transmission in strain is ensured, and the sensing reliability is improved.
Usually by providing fastening bolt holes 5 in the transverse fixing grooves of the circular support ring 1; and the transverse connecting part of the T-shaped connecting piece 2 is provided with a screw hole 6 matched with the bolt hole 5, and the T-shaped connecting piece 2 is pressed in the transverse fixing groove through a fastening bolt.
Generally, two bolt holes 5 formed in the transverse connecting part are arranged on two sides of the vertical connecting part; vertical fastening bolts are arranged in the two bolt holes 5, and the transverse connecting parts are fixed in the transverse fixing grooves.
The end part of the vertical connecting part is provided with a vertical connecting groove; the end part of the arc-shaped sensitive element 3 is provided with a vertical joint part matched with the vertical connecting groove; the vertical connecting part is embedded in the vertical connecting groove, so that two ends of the arc-shaped sensitive element 2 are symmetrical about the circle center of the circular supporting ring 1.
Through the matching relation of the vertical joint part and the vertical connecting groove, the integrity of the end part radial stress structure of the arc-shaped sensitive element 3 ensures the reliability of radial stress, uniform stress distribution and the sensitivity of the sensor.
Generally, the vertical coupling portion is fastened within the vertical coupling groove by a transverse fastening bolt. Namely, a transverse bolt hole 7 is arranged on the vertical connecting part, and a transverse screw hole 8 is arranged in the vertical connecting groove and connected through a transverse bolt.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
according to the sensor for measuring the rock mass stress, the round support ring supports the sensing structure, and the sensing structure is well matched with the inner wall of the drill hole, so that the stability of the sensing structure is guaranteed; two ends of the arc-shaped sensing element are respectively connected with two fixing parts which are arranged at the inner side and are symmetrical about the circle center of the arc-shaped sensing element, so that strain is induced by the arc-shaped sensing element; because the radius of curvature of inside thin arc steel sheet is less than the radius of curvature of original steel ring type sensor far away, consequently, under the same condition of both ends displacement, the bending deformation degree of thin arc steel sheet is greater than original steel ring type sensor far away, and the sensitivity of novel sensor is greater than old-fashioned steel ring type sensor far away promptly.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A sensor for measuring rock mass stress, comprising: the device comprises a circular support ring, an arc-shaped sensitive element and a resistance strain gauge;
two fixing parts which are symmetrical about the circle center are arranged on the inner side of the circular support ring;
the sensor further comprises: a T-shaped connector;
the number of the T-shaped connecting pieces is two, and the T-shaped connecting pieces are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the two fixing parts;
the curvature radius of the arc-shaped sensing element is smaller than that of the circular support ring, and two ends of the arc-shaped sensing element are respectively connected with the two T-shaped connecting pieces, so that the arc center of the arc-shaped sensing element is superposed with the circle center of the circular support ring;
the resistance strain gauge is fixed on the arc-shaped sensitive element;
and the resistance strain gauge is fixed at the midpoint position of the arc-shaped sensitive element.
2. The sensor for measuring rock mass stress according to claim 1, wherein the resistance strain gauge is two pieces fixed on both sides of the arc-shaped sensing element.
3. A rock mass stress measuring sensor according to claim 1, wherein the T-shaped connector comprises: the transverse connecting part and the vertical connecting part are connected with the transverse connecting part;
the transverse connecting part is fixedly connected with the fixing part;
the vertical connecting part is connected with the end part of the arc-shaped sensing element, so that the arc center of the arc-shaped sensing element is superposed with the circle center of the circular support ring.
4. A rock mass stress measuring sensor according to claim 3, wherein: a transverse fixing groove matched with the transverse connecting part is formed in the fixing part;
the transverse connecting part is embedded in the transverse fixing groove.
5. A rock mass stress measuring sensor according to claim 4, wherein: the depth of the transverse fixing groove is consistent with the thickness of the transverse connecting part.
6. A rock mass stress measuring sensor according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: the end part of the vertical connecting part is provided with a vertical connecting groove; the end part of the arc-shaped sensitive element is provided with a vertical connection part matched with the vertical connection groove;
the vertical connecting part is embedded in the vertical connecting groove, so that two ends of the arc-shaped sensitive element are symmetrical about the circle center of the circular supporting ring.
7. A rock mass stress measuring sensor according to claim 6, wherein the transverse connecting portion is provided with two bolt holes, and the two bolt holes are respectively arranged on two sides of the vertical connecting portion;
vertical fastening bolts are arranged in the two bolt holes, and the transverse connecting part is fixed in the transverse fixing groove.
8. The sensor for rock mass stress measurement according to claim 6, wherein: the vertical joint part is fastened in the vertical connecting groove through a transverse fastening bolt.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810046103.XA CN108168744B (en) | 2018-01-17 | 2018-01-17 | Sensor for measuring rock mass stress |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810046103.XA CN108168744B (en) | 2018-01-17 | 2018-01-17 | Sensor for measuring rock mass stress |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108168744A CN108168744A (en) | 2018-06-15 |
| CN108168744B true CN108168744B (en) | 2020-06-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810046103.XA Active CN108168744B (en) | 2018-01-17 | 2018-01-17 | Sensor for measuring rock mass stress |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108918012B (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2020-07-28 | 中铁十四局集团有限公司 | Method for monitoring disturbance stress of surrounding rock of subway shield tunnel |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001074574A (en) * | 1999-09-07 | 2001-03-23 | Fujikura Kasei Co Ltd | Contact detector |
| CN204154269U (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2015-02-11 | 广东粤盛特种建材有限公司 | A kind of anti-crack concrete embedded resistors formula strain testing meter |
| CN105403141A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-16 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Circumferential strain gauge for inner wall of circular hole |
| CN206710225U (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-12-05 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Suitable for the spring leaf normal deformation meter of rock shearing |
-
2018
- 2018-01-17 CN CN201810046103.XA patent/CN108168744B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001074574A (en) * | 1999-09-07 | 2001-03-23 | Fujikura Kasei Co Ltd | Contact detector |
| CN204154269U (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2015-02-11 | 广东粤盛特种建材有限公司 | A kind of anti-crack concrete embedded resistors formula strain testing meter |
| CN105403141A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-16 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Circumferential strain gauge for inner wall of circular hole |
| CN206710225U (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-12-05 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Suitable for the spring leaf normal deformation meter of rock shearing |
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| CN108168744A (en) | 2018-06-15 |
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