CN108168645B - Multi-layer section simultaneous-measurement casing pipe and observation well - Google Patents
Multi-layer section simultaneous-measurement casing pipe and observation well Download PDFInfo
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- CN108168645B CN108168645B CN201810246396.6A CN201810246396A CN108168645B CN 108168645 B CN108168645 B CN 108168645B CN 201810246396 A CN201810246396 A CN 201810246396A CN 108168645 B CN108168645 B CN 108168645B
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 208
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid level observation, in particular to a multi-layer section simultaneous-measurement sleeve and an observation well. The multi-layer section simultaneous detection sleeve comprises a plurality of liquid detection pipes which are sequentially communicated; the liquid measuring pipe comprises a liquid storage part, a liquid permeable part and a blocking part which are sequentially communicated; the blocking part of the liquid measuring pipe is communicated with the liquid storage part of the adjacent liquid measuring pipe; the liquid permeable part is used for communicating with liquid in the observation well so as to enable the liquid to permeate into the liquid permeable part; the blocking portion can block the passage of the liquid measuring tube. The observation well comprises a liquid level measuring device and a multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve; the liquid level measuring device is arranged in the multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve; the liquid level measuring device comprises liquid level measuring sensors which are in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid measuring pipes of the multi-layer section simultaneous measuring sleeve. The invention aims to provide a multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve and an observation well, so as to solve the technical problems of high economic and time cost and engineering and personnel resource waste of the observation well with multi-layer aquifer geographical positions in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid level observation, in particular to a multi-layer section simultaneous-measurement sleeve and an observation well.
Background
The existing industrial technology and means can only monitor the water-bearing layers with different burial depths underground at the same geographic position for a long time by means of large-caliber well formation and layered monitoring of a plurality of casings or drilling of a plurality of small-caliber single casings; this approach can result in significant waste in the economic cost, time cost, amount of engineering work and the scale of the manpower equipment for the observation well.
Therefore, the application provides a novel multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve and an observation well aiming at the problems, so that the economic cost and the time cost of the observation well for long-term observation of the underground water-bearing layers with different burial depths in the same geographic position are reduced, the engineering construction amount of the observation well can be reduced, and the scale of manual equipment of the observation well can be reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve so as to solve the technical problems of high economic and time cost and engineering and personnel resource waste of an observation well with multi-layer aquifer geographical positions in the prior art.
The invention also aims to provide the observation well to solve the technical problems of high economic and time cost and engineering and personnel resource waste of the observation well with the multi-layer aquifer geographical location in the prior art.
Based on the first object, the multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve provided by the invention comprises a plurality of liquid measurement pipes which are sequentially communicated;
the liquid measuring tube comprises a liquid storage part, a liquid permeable part and a blocking part which are sequentially communicated; the blocking part of the liquid measuring pipe is communicated with the liquid storage part of the adjacent liquid measuring pipe;
the liquid permeable part is used for communicating with liquid in the observation well so as to enable the liquid to permeate into the liquid permeable part or enable the liquid to permeate into the liquid permeable part and the liquid storage part;
the blocking part can cut off the passage of the liquid measuring tube.
The alternative technical scheme of the invention is that the blocking part is provided with an inner expansion ring and an outer expansion ring; the inner expansion ring is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the blocking part, and the outer expansion ring is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the blocking part;
the inner expansion ring and the outer expansion ring are made of water-swellable materials;
the inner expansion ring is used for cutting off a passage of the liquid measuring tube after expansion;
the outer expansion ring is used for cutting off a passage of the observation well along the axial direction of the liquid measuring pipe after expansion.
The alternative technical scheme of the invention is that the inner expansion ring and the outer expansion ring adopt water-swelling rubber;
the outer peripheral wall of the outer expansion ring is fixedly provided with a water-soluble film;
the inner expansion ring and the outer expansion ring are arranged at the corresponding positions of the blocking part;
the periphery wall of the blocking part is provided with a second detachable protection piece, and the outer expansion ring is arranged inside the second protection piece.
The number of the inner expansion rings is multiple, and the multiple inner expansion rings are axially arranged at intervals along the blocking part; and/or when the number of the outer expansion rings is a plurality of, the outer expansion rings are axially arranged at intervals along the blocking part;
spacing distance T between adjacent two inner expansion rings or between adjacent two outer expansion rings 2 ：
0.5H 1 <T 2 <0.8H 1 ；
0.2M<T 2 <0.5M；
Distance L between inner expansion ring near the liquid permeable part and the liquid permeable part 2 ：L 2 Taking low values in the two formulas;
the outer diameter of the outer expansion ring is 1.2-1.5 times of the outer diameter of the liquid measuring tube; the inner diameter of the inner expansion ring is 0.4-0.7 times of the inner diameter of the liquid measuring tube;
the water expansion ratio of the outer expansion ring is 1.2-1.5; the water expansion ratio of the inner expansion ring is 1.5-2;
the thicknesses of the outer expansion ring and the inner expansion ring are T 1 ：
Wherein H is 1 Is the total water head height of the water layer, H 2 The initial value of the water head and the initial thickness of the diving flow are given, and M is the thickness of the confined aquifer.
The invention adopts an optional technical scheme that a water-soluble film is fixedly arranged on the peripheral wall of the liquid-permeable part;
the liquid permeable part is densely provided with a plurality of liquid permeable holes for permeating liquid; the water-soluble film covers all the liquid-permeable holes.
According to an alternative technical scheme, a detachable first protection piece is arranged on the peripheral wall of the liquid permeable part, and the water-soluble film is arranged in the first protection piece;
diameter d of the liquid-permeable hole 0 ：
H 3 0/00<d 0 ；
M 0/000<d 0 ；
Wherein M is the thickness of the confined aquifer; h 3 Is the thickness of the aquifer; d (D) 2 Is the inner diameter of the liquid measuring tube.
The invention adopts the optional technical scheme that the multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve also comprises continuous pipes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid measurement pipes; the continuous connecting pipe is communicated with the liquid storage part of the liquid measuring pipe;
the continuous connecting pipe and the liquid measuring pipe form a complete pipe group; the blocking part of the sleeve group is communicated with the continuous connecting pipe of the adjacent sleeve group.
The optional technical scheme of the invention is that the continuous pipe comprises at least one continuous sub-pipe which is communicated in sequence;
the continuous connecting pipe is connected with the liquid storage part by adopting a threaded connection or a flange connection; and/or the continuous pipe is connected with the blocking part by adopting a threaded connection or a flange connection;
screw depth Q adopting screw connection and length h of liquid measuring pipe 2 And the outer diameter D of the liquid measuring tube 1 The interrelationship of (a) is:
the optional technical proposal of the invention is that the outer diameter of the liquid measuring tube and/or the continuous tube is D 1 An inner diameter of D 2 ；D 1 And D 2 The relation with the depth H from the earth surface to the lowest water-bearing layer is as follows:
D 1 ＝10cm,H≤150m；
D 2 ＝9.5cm,H≤150m；
in the pressure-bearing water layer, D 1 And D 2 The relation of (2) is:wherein M is the thickness of the confined aquifer; h 1 Is the total water head height of the water layer; h 2 The initial thickness of the diving flow is the initial value of the water head;
length L of liquid permeable part 1 ：
0.3H 1 <L 1 ；
0.25(M+H 5 )<L 1 ；
L 1 <0.5h 2 ；
Wherein M is the thickness of the confined aquifer; h 1 Is waterLayer total head height; h 5 Is the bearing height; h is a 2 The length of the liquid measuring tube is measured; d (D) 1 And D 2 Is in cm;
the actual thickness of each aquifer is the measured thickness of the aquifer minus the capillary water height h c The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein,wherein ρ is the density of water, g is the gravitational acceleration, α is the liquid surface tension coefficient, D 2 Is the inner diameter of the liquid measuring tube.
Based on the second object, the observation well provided by the invention comprises a liquid level measuring device and a multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve;
the liquid level measuring device is arranged in the multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve;
the liquid level measuring device comprises liquid level measuring sensors which are in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid measuring pipes of the multi-layer section simultaneous measuring sleeve.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a multi-layer section simultaneous detection sleeve, which comprises a plurality of liquid detection pipes which are sequentially communicated; the liquid in the observation well is permeated into the liquid permeable part through the liquid permeable part of each liquid measuring pipe, so that the related value can be monitored by the liquid level measuring sensors and other sensors arranged in the multi-layer section and the same measuring sleeve; the blocking part of each liquid measuring pipe can cut off the passage of the liquid measuring pipe so as to disconnect the passages of the adjacent liquid measuring pipes, thereby avoiding the influence on the monitoring accuracy caused by the liquid of the upper layer flowing into the lower layer. By adopting the multi-layer section simultaneous detection sleeve, simultaneous observation of a plurality of water-bearing layers with different underground burial depths at the same geographic position can be realized, the economic cost and time cost of the observation well in the prior art of adopting large-caliber well formation and multi-sleeve layered monitoring or multi-small-caliber well Shan Taoguan drilling layered monitoring are reduced, and the engineering construction amount and the scale of manual equipment are greatly reduced.
The observation well provided by the invention comprises a liquid level measuring device and a multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve; the method can realize simultaneous observation of a plurality of aquifers with different underground burial depths at the same geographic position, reduces the economic cost and time cost of the observation well when the prior method adopts large-caliber well formation and multi-sleeve layered monitoring or multi-small-caliber well Shan Taoguan drilling layered monitoring, and greatly reduces the engineering construction amount and the scale of manual equipment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first angle structure of a liquid measuring tube of a multi-layer section common measuring sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of area A of the liquid measuring tube shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second angle structure of a liquid measuring tube of a multi-layer section common measuring sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of region B of the liquid measuring tube shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of region B (hidden part structure) of the liquid measuring tube shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-layer segment simultaneous measurement sleeve according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of parameter labeling of the multi-layer section simultaneous measurement casing shown in FIG. 6;
fig. 8 is a state diagram of the practical application of the multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 100-liquid measuring tube; 110-a liquid storage part; 120-a liquid permeable section; 121-a water-soluble film; 122-liquid permeable holes; 130-blocking part; 131-an inner expansion loop; 132-outer expansion ring; 133-a second protector; 200-continuing to take over.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-8, the present embodiment provides a multi-layer section simultaneous detection casing; fig. 1 is a front view of a liquid measuring tube of a multi-layer section common measuring sleeve provided in this embodiment, in order to more clearly show the structure, a lower half part of the liquid measuring tube in fig. 1 is shown in a cross-sectional state, and fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a region a of the liquid measuring tube shown in fig. 1; fig. 3 is a perspective view of a liquid measuring tube of a multi-layer section common measuring sleeve provided in this embodiment, fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a B region of the liquid measuring tube shown in fig. 3, and fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a water-soluble film and a half of a second protecting member hidden in the B region of the liquid measuring tube shown in fig. 3; FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve according to the present embodiment; FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of parameter labeling of the multi-layer section simultaneous measurement casing shown in FIG. 6; fig. 8 is a state diagram of the practical application of the multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve provided in this embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1-8, the multi-layer section simultaneous detection casing provided in this embodiment is suitable for observation wells such as hydrologic wells, and is particularly suitable for observation wells with two or more layers of different buried water-bearing layers at the same geographic position. The observation well can be used for liquid level monitoring, liquid temperature monitoring and the like.
The multi-layer section simultaneous detection sleeve comprises a plurality of liquid detection pipes 100 which are sequentially communicated; alternatively, the liquid measuring pipes 100 are in one-to-one correspondence with the aquifers, i.e. the number of liquid measuring pipes 100 is the same as the number of aquifers.
The liquid measuring tube 100 comprises a liquid storage part 110, a liquid permeable part 120 and a blocking part 130 which are sequentially communicated; the blocking part 130 of the liquid measuring tube 100 is communicated with the liquid storage part 110 of the adjacent liquid measuring tube 100;
the liquid permeable part 120 is used for communicating with the liquid in the observation well so that the liquid permeates into the liquid permeable part 120 or so that the liquid permeates into the liquid permeable part 120 and the liquid storage part 110;
the blocking portion 130 can cut off the passage of the liquid measurement tube 100.
The multi-layer section simultaneous detection sleeve in the embodiment comprises a plurality of liquid detection pipes 100 which are sequentially communicated; the liquid in the observation well is permeated into the liquid permeable part 120 through the liquid permeable part 120 of each liquid measuring pipe 100, so that the sensors such as the liquid level measuring sensors arranged in the multi-layer section and the measuring sleeve can monitor the related values; the blocking portion 130 of each liquid measuring tube 100 can cut off the passage of the liquid measuring tube 100, so that the passage of the adjacent liquid measuring tube 100 is disconnected, and the liquid in the upper layer is prevented from flowing into the inner part of the next layer to affect the monitoring accuracy. By adopting the multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve, simultaneous observation of a plurality of water-bearing layers with different underground burial depths at the same geographic position can be realized, the economic cost and time cost of the observation well in the prior art of adopting large-caliber well formation and multi-sleeve layered monitoring or multi-small-caliber well Shan Taoguan drilling layered monitoring are reduced, the engineering construction amount and the scale of manual equipment are greatly reduced, and a large amount of cost is saved.
Compared with the layered monitoring of large-caliber well formation and a plurality of casings and the layered monitoring of drilling of a plurality of small-caliber wells Shan Taoguan, the multi-layer section simultaneous measurement casing in the embodiment has small occupied area and is simple and convenient to monitor and manage.
In an alternative of this embodiment, the blocking portion 130 may be implemented by electrically controlling the mechanical structure or by the characteristics of the material itself to shut off the passage of the liquid measuring tube 100. For example, the liquid penetrating into the liquid-permeable section 120 can cause the blocking section 130 to shut off the passage of the liquid-measuring tube 100.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in an alternative of the present embodiment, the blocking portion 130 is provided with an inner expansion ring 131 and an outer expansion ring 132; the inner expansion ring 131 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the blocking part 130, and the outer expansion ring 132 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the blocking part 130;
optionally, the inner expansion ring 131 and the outer expansion ring 132 are made of water-swellable materials; the water-swellable material may be, for example, a water-swellable rubber, a water-swellable resin, or the like; alternatively, the inner and outer expansion rings 131 and 132 are made of water-swellable rubber.
Optionally, the inner expansion ring 131 is configured to cut off the passage of the liquid measuring tube 100 after expansion;
optionally, the outer expansion ring 132 is configured to cut off the passage of the observation well in the axial direction of the fluid pipe 100 after expansion. By arranging the inner expansion ring 131 and the outer expansion ring 132, after the blocking part 130 reaches the corresponding water-bearing layer, the outer expansion ring 132 cuts off the passage of the observation well along the axial direction of the liquid measuring pipe 100 when encountering water expansion, namely, the water in the water-bearing layer is prevented from flowing into the next water-bearing layer along with the outer wall of the liquid measuring pipe 100; and the inner expansion ring 131 expands when meeting water to cut off the passage of the liquid measuring tube 100, namely, water in the water-containing layer is prevented from flowing into the next water-containing layer along with the inner cavity of the liquid measuring tube 100; thereby improving the accuracy of monitoring for each aquifer.
In an alternative of this embodiment, a water-soluble film (not shown in the figure) is fixedly arranged on the peripheral wall of the outer expansion ring 132; ineffective inflation of the outer inflation ring 132 is prevented by the water-soluble film. For example, the liquid measuring tube 100 corresponding to the next aquifer has a high possibility that the liquid of the aquifer expands the outer expansion ring 132 of the liquid measuring tube 100 when passing through the previous aquifer, and the expanded outer expansion ring 132 has a risk of affecting the continuous running of the observation well with the casing.
In an alternative of the present embodiment, the inner expansion ring 131 and the outer expansion ring 132 are disposed at positions corresponding to the positions of the blocking portion 130; so that the acting force of the expanded inner expansion ring 131 and the expanded outer expansion ring 132 is at the same position of the sealing part 130, the deformation and damage of the sealing part 130 caused by the single long-term acting force of the inner expansion ring 131 or the outer expansion ring 132 at different positions of the sealing part 130 are reduced or avoided, and the service life of the sealing part 130 is prolonged.
In an alternative of the present embodiment, the outer peripheral wall of the blocking portion 130 is provided with a detachable second protection member 133, and the outer expansion ring 132 is disposed inside the second protection member 133; by means of the second protector 133, breakage of the outer expansion ring 132 during transport is reduced or avoided.
The second protector 133 may be, for example, a hoop or other protective structure.
Referring to fig. 2, in the alternative of this embodiment, the number of inner expansion loops 131 is at least one; alternatively, the number of the inner expansion rings 131 is plural, and the plural inner expansion rings 131 are disposed at intervals along the axial direction of the blocking portion 130.
Referring to fig. 2 and 6, in the alternative of this embodiment, the number of outer expansion rings 132 is at least one; optionally, the number of the outer expansion rings 132 is plural, and the plural outer expansion rings 132 are axially spaced along the blocking portion 130.
Alternatively, the number of outer expansion loops 132 is the same as the number of inner expansion loops 131.
Optionally, the spacing distance T between two adjacent inner expansion rings 131 or between two adjacent outer expansion rings 132 2 ：
0.5H 1 <T 2 <0.8H 1 ；
0.2M<T 2 <0.5M；
Wherein H is 1 The total water head height of the water layer is M, and the thickness of the confined aquifer is M;
that is, the spacing distance T between adjacent two inner expansion rings 131 or between adjacent two outer expansion rings 132 2 Total water head with water layerHeight H 1 And the confined aquifer thickness M.
Optionally, the outer diameter of the outer expansion ring 132 is 1.2-1.5 times the outer diameter of the liquid measuring tube 100; optionally, the inner diameter of the inner expansion ring 131 is 0.4-0.7 times the inner diameter of the liquid measuring tube 100. The outer diameter of the outer expansion ring 132 (i.e., the original outer diameter of the outer expansion ring 132) and the inner diameter of the inner expansion ring 131 (i.e., the original inner diameter of the inner expansion ring 131) may depend on the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the liquid tube 100.
Optionally, outer expansion loop 132 has a water-swell ratio of 1.2-1.5; alternatively, the inner expansion loop 131 has a water swell ratio of 1.5-2. The water-swelling ratio of the outer expansion ring 132 and the inner diameter of the inner expansion ring 131 can be designed according to practical requirements to adjust the coefficient.
Alternatively, the outer expansion ring 132 and the inner expansion ring 131 are each T in thickness 1 ：
Wherein M is the thickness of the confined aquifer; h 1 Is the total water head height of the water layer.
That is, the thickness T of the outer and inner expansion rings 132 and 131 1 Height H of total water head from water layer 1 The confined aquifer thickness M.
In an alternative to this embodiment, the distance L between the inner expansion loop near the liquid permeable section and the liquid permeable section 120 2 ：L 2 Taking low values in the two formulas; wherein M is the thickness of the confined aquifer; h 2 The initial thickness of the diving flow is the initial value of the water head;
L 2 reserving the length of silt for the seal 130 can create a self-seal by gravity accumulation of natural gravel in the aquifer, thus the bearing water bandThe pressure can be as small as possible.
In an alternative of this embodiment, the outer peripheral wall of the liquid-permeable section 120 is fixedly provided with a water-soluble film 121; liquid of a non-preset aquifer is prevented from entering the multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve through the liquid permeable part 120 by the water soluble membrane 121, so that accuracy of monitoring parameters of a plurality of aquifers by adopting the multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve is improved.
Optionally, the liquid permeable part 120 is densely covered with a plurality of liquid permeable holes 122 for permeating liquid; the water-soluble film 121 covers all of the liquid-permeable holes 122.
In an alternative of the present embodiment, the outer peripheral wall of the liquid-permeable section 120 is provided with a detachable first protector (not shown in the figure), and the water-soluble film 121 is provided inside the first protector; the water-soluble film 121 and the liquid-permeable portion 120 are protected by the first protector to prevent or reduce damage to the water-soluble film 121 and the liquid-permeable portion 120 during transportation.
Alternatively, the diameter d of the liquid-permeable hole 122 0 ：
H 3 0/00<d 0 ；
M 0/000<d 0 ；
Wherein M is the thickness of the confined aquifer; h 3 Is the thickness of the aquifer; d (D) 2 Is the inner diameter of the liquid measuring tube 100.
That is, the diameter d of the liquid-permeable hole 122 of the liquid-permeable section 120 0 And aquifer thickness H 3 The thickness M of confined aquifer and the inner diameter D of the liquid measuring tube 100 2 Related to the following.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, in an alternative solution of the present embodiment, the multi-layer section and the testing sleeve include continuous pipes 200 corresponding to the testing pipes 100 one by one; the continuous pipe 200 is communicated with the liquid storage part 110 of the liquid measuring pipe 100;
the continuous pipe 200 and the liquid measuring pipe 100 form a sleeve group; the blocking portion 130 of a sleeve set communicates with the extension tube 200 of an adjacent sleeve set. The length of the liquid measuring tube 100 is reduced by the continuous tube 200, so that the liquid measuring tube 100 is convenient to process and manufacture, and the multi-layer section and the measuring sleeve are convenient to process and assemble.
In an alternative of this embodiment, the splicing tube 200 includes at least one splicing sub-tube that is sequentially connected;
the continuous pipe 200 is connected with the liquid storage part 110 by adopting a threaded connection or a flange connection; and/or the nipple 200 and the blocking portion 130 are connected by a threaded connection or a flange connection.
Optionally, for the multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve, a corresponding number of measurement tubes 100 and a corresponding number of continuous tubes 200 are needed, and the relationship between them can be expressed as:
H＝n 1 ×h 1 +n 2 ×h 2 ；
wherein H is the depth from the earth surface to the lowest water-bearing layer, and basically the length of the sleeve is measured at the same time in multiple layers of sections; h is a 1 Is the length of the extension tube 200; n is n 1 The number of the extension tubes 200; h is a 2 Is the length of the liquid measuring tube 100; n is n 2 The number of the liquid measuring tubes 100.
Alternatively, the thread depth Q of the threaded connection is used with the length h of the dipstick 100 2 And outer diameter D of liquid measuring tube 100 1 The interrelationship of (a) is:
optionally, the outer diameter of the extension tube 200 is the same or substantially the same as the outer diameter of the dipstick 100.
Optionally, the inner diameter of the extension tube 200 is the same or substantially the same as the inner diameter of the dipstick 100.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, in an alternative of the present embodiment, the outer diameter of the liquid measurement tube 100 and/or the extension tube 200 is D 1 An inner diameter of D 2 ；D 1 And D 2 The relation with the depth H from the earth surface to the lowest water-bearing layer is as follows:
D 1 ＝10cm,H≤150m；
D 2 ＝9.5cm,H≤150m；
wherein D is 1 And D 2 In cm.
By the method of D 1 And D 2 To ensure the working strength of the liquid measuring tube 100 and/or the continuous tube 200, and further to ensure the working strength of the sleeve group.
Optionally, in the pressurized water layer, according to the principle of water flow continuity:
single wide flow q of pressure-bearing water section 1 The method comprises the following steps:
pressureless water flow section single wide flow q 2 The method comprises the following steps:
according to the principle of water flow continuity, the method comprises the following steps: q 1 ＝q 2 ；
Then there are:
thus, in the pressure-bearing water layer, D 1 And D 2 The relation of (2) is:wherein M is the thickness of the confined aquifer; h 1 Is the total water head height of the water layer; h 2 The initial thickness of the diving flow is the initial value of the water head; k is the permeability coefficient.
Wherein H is 2 ＝S+H 1 S is the water level lowering or raising distance.
In an alternative to this embodiment, the length L of the liquid permeable section 120 1 ：
0.3H 1 <L 1 ；
0.25(M+H 5 )<L 1 ；
L 1 <0.5h 2 ；
Wherein M is the thickness of the confined aquifer; h 1 Is the total water head height of the water layer; h 5 Is the bearing height; h is a 2 Is the length of the liquid measuring tube 100;
that is, the length L of the liquid-permeable section 120 is limited 1 Height H of total water head from water layer 1 A confined aquifer thickness M, a confined height (i.e. a measured height) H 5 And length h of the liquid measuring tube 100 2 Related to the following.
In an alternative to this embodiment, the actual thickness of each aquifer is the measured thickness of that aquifer minus the capillary height h c The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein,wherein ρ is the density of water, g is the gravitational acceleration, α is the liquid surface tension coefficient, D 2 Is the inner diameter of the liquid measuring tube 100.
Due to the inner diameter D of the liquid measuring tube 100 2 The capillary phenomenon occurs when the depth H from the surface to the lowest water-bearing layer is small, and the thickness of the water-bearing layer in the liquid measuring tube 100 is higher than the real water level by a capillary water height part.
The following parameters are related parameters of each aquifer:
H 1 : total water head height of water layer;
H 2 : initial value of water head, initial thickness of submerged flow;
H 3 : the thickness of the aquifer;
H 4 : pressure-bearing water head height;
H 5 : bearing height (measured height);
m: the thickness of the confined aquifer;
s: the water level is lowered or raised a distance.
Optionally, in this embodiment, the length of the multi-layer section and the sleeve to be measured is not more than 1000m, so as to ensure the monitoring effect of the observation well. Optionally, the number of the liquid measuring pipes is not more than 10 so as to ensure the monitoring effect of the observation well.
Example two
The second embodiment provides an observation well, the embodiment includes the multi-layer section simultaneous measurement casing according to the first embodiment, the technical features of the multi-layer section simultaneous measurement casing disclosed in the first embodiment are also applicable to the embodiment, and the technical features of the multi-layer section simultaneous measurement casing disclosed in the first embodiment are not repeated.
The observation well provided by the embodiment can be used for liquid level monitoring, temperature monitoring and the like of an underground aquifer.
The observation well comprises a liquid level measuring device and a multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve;
the liquid level measuring device is arranged in the multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve;
the liquid level measuring device comprises liquid level measuring sensors which are in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid measuring pipes of the multi-layer section simultaneous measuring sleeve. The liquid level of each aquifer is monitored in a layered and simultaneous manner through liquid level measuring sensors which are in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid measuring pipes. The observation well can realize simultaneous observation of a plurality of water-bearing layers with different underground burial depths at the same geographic position, so that the economic cost and time cost of the existing observation well when large-caliber well formation and a plurality of sleeves are adopted for layered monitoring or a plurality of small-caliber wells Shan Taoguan are adopted for drilling and layered monitoring are reduced, and the engineering construction amount and the scale of manual equipment are greatly reduced.
The observation well in this embodiment has the advantages of the multi-layer section simultaneous detection casing of the first embodiment, and the advantages of the multi-layer section simultaneous detection casing of the first embodiment are not repeated here.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve is characterized by comprising a plurality of liquid measurement pipes which are sequentially communicated;
the liquid measuring tube comprises a liquid storage part, a liquid permeable part and a blocking part which are sequentially communicated; the blocking part of the liquid measuring pipe is communicated with the liquid storage part of the adjacent liquid measuring pipe;
the liquid permeable part is used for communicating with liquid in the observation well so as to enable the liquid to permeate into the liquid permeable part or enable the liquid to permeate into the liquid permeable part and the liquid storage part;
the blocking part can cut off the passage of the liquid measuring pipe;
the blocking part is provided with an inner expansion ring and an outer expansion ring; the inner expansion ring is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the blocking part, and the outer expansion ring is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the blocking part;
the inner expansion ring and the outer expansion ring are made of water-swellable materials;
the inner expansion ring is used for cutting off a passage of the liquid measuring tube after expansion;
the outer expansion ring is used for cutting off a passage of the observation well along the axial direction of the liquid measuring pipe after expansion;
the inner expansion ring and the outer expansion ring are made of water-swellable rubber;
the number of the inner expansion rings is multiple, and the multiple inner expansion rings are axially arranged at intervals along the blocking part; and/or when the number of the outer expansion rings is a plurality of, the outer expansion rings are axially arranged at intervals along the blocking part;
spacing distance T between adjacent two inner expansion rings or between adjacent two outer expansion rings 2 ：
0.5H 1 <T 2 <0.8H 1 ；
0.2M<T 2 <0.5M；
Distance L between inner expansion ring near the liquid permeable part and the liquid permeable part 2 ：L 2 Taking low values in the two formulas;
the outer diameter of the outer expansion ring is 1.2-1.5 times of the outer diameter of the liquid measuring tube; the inner diameter of the inner expansion ring is 0.4-0.7 times of the inner diameter of the liquid measuring tube;
the water expansion ratio of the outer expansion ring is 1.2-1.5; the water expansion ratio of the inner expansion ring is 1.5-2;
the thicknesses of the outer expansion ring and the inner expansion ring are T 1 ：
Wherein H is 1 Is the total water head height of the water layer, H 2 The initial value of the water head and the initial thickness of the diving flow are given, and M is the thickness of the confined aquifer.
2. The multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve according to claim 1, wherein a water-soluble film is fixedly arranged on the peripheral wall of the outer expansion ring;
the inner expansion ring and the outer expansion ring are arranged at the corresponding positions of the blocking part;
the periphery wall of the blocking part is provided with a second detachable protection piece, and the outer expansion ring is arranged inside the second protection piece.
3. The multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve according to claim 1, wherein a water-soluble film is fixedly arranged on the peripheral wall of the liquid-permeable part;
the liquid permeable part is densely provided with a plurality of liquid permeable holes for permeating liquid; the water-soluble film covers all the liquid-permeable holes.
4. The multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve according to claim 3, wherein a first detachable protection piece is arranged on the peripheral wall of the liquid permeable part, and the water-soluble film is arranged inside the first protection piece;
diameter d of the liquid-permeable hole 0 ：
H 3 ‰＜d 0 ；
Wherein M is the thickness of the confined aquifer; h 3 Is the thickness of the aquifer; d (D) 2 Is the inner diameter of the liquid measuring tube.
5. The multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve according to claim 1, further comprising continuous pipes in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid measurement pipes; the continuous connecting pipe is communicated with the liquid storage part of the liquid measuring pipe;
the continuous connecting pipe and the liquid measuring pipe form a complete pipe group; the blocking part of the sleeve group is communicated with the continuous connecting pipe of the adjacent sleeve group.
6. The multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve of claim 5, wherein said splicing tube comprises at least one splicing sub-tube in sequential communication;
the continuous connecting pipe is connected with the liquid storage part by adopting a threaded connection or a flange connection; and/or the continuous pipe is connected with the blocking part by adopting a threaded connection or a flange connection;
screw depth Q adopting screw connection and length h of liquid measuring pipe 2 And a liquid-measuring tubeOuter diameter D 1 The interrelationship of (a) is:
7. the multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve according to claim 5, wherein the outer diameter of the liquid measurement tube and/or the continuous tube is D 1 An inner diameter of D 2 ；D 1 And D 2 The relation with the depth H from the earth surface to the lowest water-bearing layer is as follows:
D 1 ＝10cm,H≤150m；
D 2 ＝9.5cm,H≤150m；
in the pressure-bearing water layer, D 1 And D 2 The relation of (2) is:wherein M is the thickness of the confined aquifer; h 1 Is the total water head height of the water layer; h 2 The initial thickness of the diving flow is the initial value of the water head;
length L of liquid permeable part 1 ：
0.3H 1 <L 1 ；
0.25(M+H 5 )<L 1 ；
L 1 <0.5h 2 ；
Wherein M is the thickness of the confined aquifer; h 1 Is the total water head height of the water layer; h 5 Is the bearing height; h is a 2 The length of the liquid measuring tube is measured; d (D) 1 And D 2 Is in cm;
each layer of aquiferThe actual thickness is the measured thickness of the aquifer minus the capillary water height h c The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein,wherein ρ is the density of water, g is the gravitational acceleration, α is the liquid surface tension coefficient, D 2 Is the inner diameter of the liquid measuring tube.
8. An observation well comprising a fluid level measuring device and a multi-layer section simultaneous measurement casing according to any one of claims 1-7;
the liquid level measuring device is arranged in the multi-layer section simultaneous measurement sleeve;
the liquid level measuring device comprises liquid level measuring sensors which are in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid measuring pipes of the multi-layer section simultaneous measuring sleeve.
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| CN108168645B (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2024-01-23 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Multi-layer section simultaneous-measurement casing pipe and observation well |
| CN116026284B (en) * | 2023-02-14 | 2024-03-08 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第二水文地质工程地质大队(山东省鲁北地质工程勘察院) | Multifunctional layered mark measuring method |
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