CN108166001B - Material cathode protection testing device and method in slow stretching state - Google Patents
Material cathode protection testing device and method in slow stretching state Download PDFInfo
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- CN108166001B CN108166001B CN201810047858.1A CN201810047858A CN108166001B CN 108166001 B CN108166001 B CN 108166001B CN 201810047858 A CN201810047858 A CN 201810047858A CN 108166001 B CN108166001 B CN 108166001B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000004210 cathodic protection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
- C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
- C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
- C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
- C23F13/22—Monitoring arrangements therefor
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
- Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a material cathode protection device in a slow stretching state, which comprises: the device comprises a container, an upper electromagnetic attraction device, a lower electromagnetic attraction device, an upper magnetic clamp, a lower magnetic clamp, a sample limiting and balancing device, an optical positioning sensor, a precise servo transmission device, a current control device, an additional cathode potential system, an external cathode protection potential lead and a solid-state reference electrode. By adopting the magnetic suspension technology, combining the precise positioning detection and feedback technology and the electromagnetic field control and feedback technology, the material to be tested is electrically insulated from the test equipment in a corrosion medium under the stretching state of the material, and an accurate cathodic protection potential value is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material detection, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing cathode protection of a material in a slow stretching state in a corrosion environment.
Background
When the marine high-strength steel is in service in the marine environment, the marine high-strength steel is corroded by seawater, so that a cathodic protection technology is applied to the marine high-strength steel to reduce the corrosion effect of the seawater on a steel structure. As the high-strength steel material generally has certain hydrogen brittleness sensitivity, the hydrogen brittleness sensitivity is enhanced along with the increase of the material strength. When the applied cathodic protection potential is negative, hydrogen is separated from the surface of the metal material, and hydrogen is diffused into the metal structure, so that hydrogen embrittlement and fracture of the material can be caused. Therefore, the selection of a reasonable and effective cathodic protection potential interval is a problem to be considered in the cathodic protection design of the high-strength steel.
Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) is a phenomenon in which a metal material is cracked under the mutual interaction of a material subjected to an external stress when the material is in service in a corrosive medium environment. The extent of the decrease in mechanical properties of metallic materials under the synergistic effect of both stress and corrosive medium environment is often much greater than if the two single factors were added to each other after acting on the metallic material separately. In recent years, researchers at home and abroad have conducted extensive research on SCC of materials such as metals and alloys thereof, and the origin of microcracks, the cause of crack propagation and the long process of SCC of metal materials are basic problems in research of SCC, and further, the research is continued until the understanding of the action mechanism of SCC is gradually achieved.
Experimental studies on SCC of metal materials have been conducted to detect the susceptibility of metal materials to stress corrosion cracking in specific environments of use, and have been designed appropriately according to the characteristics of stress corrosion cracking and the purpose of the experiments, so as to take necessary measures to reduce the loss. However, the research methods for stress corrosion cracking are different due to different metal materials and different factors such as stress load and corrosive medium environment. The current experimental research methods include constant load tests, constant deformation tests, fracture mechanics tests, slow strain rate tensile tests, field tests, laboratory simulation tests, combined tests of various tests and other research methods.
For steel materials E460, E500, E550 and the like, a Slow Strain Rate Test (SSRT) is the most commonly used research method of the research methods, a CMT5205/5305 electronic universal tester is mainly adopted, a fatigue tensile tester of Shimadzu corporation of Japan is adopted for steel and welding parts thereof, glycerol and seawater are used as tensile environment media, when the corrosive medium is seawater, a sample is arranged in a specific corrosion tank, natural seawater is added, a Saturated Calomel Electrode (SCE) and a counter electrode (a lead plate is adopted for the counter electrode, the surface area of the lead plate is large enough), when slow stretching is carried out, a working electrode is connected to the lower end of the sample, a universal three-electrode system and a self-made potentiostat are adopted to apply constant potential cathodic protection on the tensile sample in the seawater medium, and the applied cathodic protection potentials are respectively determined according to the self-corrosion potential and the polarization curve of the corresponding material.
The metal material, especially the material such as high-strength steel, has characteristics such as high strength and high toughness, and in the process of drawing, the fixture of sample also must adopt the metal material of high strength. The clamp of the sample is connected with the outside through the stretching rod, so that the sample and the whole device become equal potential bodies, in the cathodic protection test, the potential applied to the sample is conducted to the whole device and even the ground, the test deviation occurs, and the accurate value of the actual applied potential cannot be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a material cathode protection testing device and a testing method under a slow stretching state, aiming at the problem that the material to be tested and testing equipment cannot be insulated in the existing slow strain rate cathode potential testing method, so that the accurate value of the actually applied potential cannot be obtained.
The invention provides a material cathode protection device in a slow stretching state, which comprises a container, an upper electromagnetic attraction device, a lower electromagnetic attraction device, an upper magnetic clamp, a lower magnetic clamp, a sample limiting and balancing device, an optical positioning sensor, a precise servo transmission device, a current control device, an impressed cathode potential system, a cathode protection potential lead and a solid-state reference electrode.
The lower electromagnetic attraction device is fixed at the bottom of a container of the material cathode protection testing device, and the upper electromagnetic attraction device is fixed at the top of the container of the material cathode protection testing device and is connected with a precision servo transmission device which is also arranged outside the container of the material cathode protection testing device.
Wherein, the solid-state reference electrode is used for testing the potential of the sample, the cathodic protection potential lead is connected to the tensile sample, the protection potential of the sample is applied through an external cathodic protection potential lead, and the external cathodic protection potential system is placed outside the container.
The upper magnetic clamp and the lower magnetic clamp are respectively used for fixing the upper end and the lower end of a material sample, and the clamps are made according to the shape and the size of the sample.
The sample limiting and balancing device is positioned between the upper electromagnetic attraction device and the lower electromagnetic attraction device, and the upper magnetic clamp and the lower magnetic clamp are positioned at the upper part and the lower part in the sample limiting and balancing device.
Wherein, the electromagnetic attraction device is an electromagnet with the magnetic strength controlled by current.
Wherein, the precise servo transmission device is a servo motor.
The optical positioning sensor is fixed outside the limiting balance device, and 2 sensors are respectively installed at the upper end and the lower end of the limiting balance device.
The invention also provides a method for testing the cathode protection of the material by adopting the cathode protection device of the material in the slow stretching state, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, respectively loading an upper magnetic clamp and a lower magnetic clamp into the upper end and the lower end of a sample to be tested and fixing;
secondly, loading the material sample and the magnetic clamp into a limiting balance device and a test container, and injecting required corrosive media such as seawater into the container;
thirdly, starting a current control device to provide current for the electromagnetic attraction device, so that the material sample and the magnetic clamp are in a stable suspension state;
fourthly, starting the optical positioning sensing device, and measuring the positions of the upper end and the lower end of the sample and the distance between the sample and the electromagnetic attraction device;
fifthly, setting a stretching speed, starting a servo transmission system, obtaining a position change parameter by an optical positioning sensing device, transmitting the position change parameter to a current control device, automatically adjusting a current value, changing a magnetic force value, stretching a sample by a tensile force, wherein the sample is in a suspension state and is electrically insulated from a test device in the stretching process;
and sixthly, in the stretching process, applying a cathodic protection potential to the sample by an additional cathodic potential protection system until the sample is broken, and automatically recording data such as tension, displacement and the like.
Advantageous technical effects
The invention provides a device and a method for testing cathode protection of a material in a slow stretching state, which change the contact force between equipment and a sample in the traditional stretching test into non-contact force by utilizing the magnetic suspension effect, automatically control the tension in the stretching process by utilizing the principle that the magnitude of electromagnetic attraction can be controlled by current and distance, automatically acquire displacement data by an optical positioning sensor, feed back the displacement data to a computer, and adjust the current to realize automatic control. The sample is electrically insulated from the device, so that the device and the ground are prevented from interfering with the potential applied to the sample, and an accurate cathodic protection potential value can be obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cathodic protection testing device for a material under a slow stretching state.
Detailed Description
Based on the above, the invention provides a material cathode protection device in a slow stretching state, which comprises a container, an upper electromagnetic attraction device, a lower electromagnetic attraction device, an upper magnetic clamp, a lower magnetic clamp, a sample limiting and balancing device, an optical positioning sensor, a precise servo transmission device, a current control device, an impressed cathode potential system, a cathode protection potential lead and a solid-state reference electrode.
The lower electromagnetic attraction device is fixed at the bottom of the container of the material cathode protection testing device, and the upper electromagnetic attraction device is fixed at the top of the container of the material cathode protection testing device and is connected with a precision servo transmission device which is also arranged outside the container of the material cathode protection testing device.
The electromagnetic attraction means is preferably an electromagnet.
The precise servo transmission device is a servo motor.
The upper magnetic clamp and the lower magnetic clamp are respectively used for fixing the upper end and the lower end of a material sample, and the clamps are made according to the shape and the size of the sample.
The sample limiting and balancing device is positioned between the upper electromagnetic attraction device and the lower electromagnetic attraction device, the upper magnetic clamp and the lower magnetic clamp are positioned at the upper part and the lower part in the sample limiting and balancing device, if the material sample is a cylindrical sample, the limiting and balancing device is a cylindrical sleeve, and a horizontal rod is arranged outside the balancing device and is connected with and fixed with the inner wall of the cylindrical sample cavity.
The optical positioning sensor is fixed outside the limiting balance device, 2 sensors are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end, one sensor at each upper end and one sensor at each lower end form a set, wherein 1 set is used for monitoring the distance between the electromagnetic attraction device and the magnetic clamp, and the other 1 set is used for measuring the deformation size of the sample.
The current control device is positioned outside a container of the protection testing device, a lead enters the protection testing device through a testing hole of an upper cover plate of the container of the protection testing device and is connected with the material sample, the electromagnetic attraction device and the optical positioning sensor, and the device is used for providing current for the electromagnetic attraction device to generate electromagnetic force and changing the size of the electromagnetic force by adjusting the current value.
The solid reference electrode is used for testing the potential of the sample, the cathodic protection potential lead is connected to the tensile sample, the protection potential of the sample is applied by an impressed cathodic potential system through the external cathodic protection potential lead, and the impressed cathodic potential system is placed outside the cathodic protection device.
According to the invention, a deep sea pressure device such as a booster pump can be added according to the requirement to continuously pressurize to reach and maintain a set pressure value, so that the cathode protection test under the deep sea condition in a stretching state is realized.
The invention also provides a method for testing the cathode protection of the material by adopting the cathode protection device of the material in the slow stretching state, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, respectively loading an upper magnetic clamp and a lower magnetic clamp into the upper end and the lower end of a sample to be tested and fixing;
secondly, loading the material sample and the magnetic clamp into a limiting balance device and a test container, and injecting required corrosive media such as seawater into the container;
thirdly, starting a current control device to provide current for the electromagnetic attraction device, so that the material sample and the magnetic clamp are in a stable suspension state;
fourthly, starting the optical positioning sensing device, and measuring the positions of the upper end and the lower end of the sample and the distance between the sample and the electromagnetic attraction device;
fifthly, setting a stretching speed, starting a servo transmission system to work, obtaining a position change parameter by an optical positioning sensing device, transmitting the position change parameter to a current control device, automatically adjusting a current value, changing a magnetic force value, and stretching a sample by tension;
and sixthly, in the stretching process, applying a cathodic protection potential to the sample by an impressed cathodic potential system until the sample is broken, and automatically recording data such as tension, displacement and the like.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples and drawings, by which how to apply technical means to solve technical problems and achieve a technical effect can be fully understood and implemented.
As shown in fig. 1, the device for testing cathode protection of materials under slow stretching state provided by the invention comprises a container 16, an upper electromagnet 6, a lower electromagnet 5, an upper magnetic clamp 2, a lower magnetic clamp 3, a sleeve 4 as a sample limiting balancing device, an optical positioning sensor 19, a servo motor 9, an impressed cathode potential system 18 and a current control device 17. The lower electromagnet 5 is fixed at the bottom of the container of the material cathode protection testing device through a lower fixing bolt 7, and the upper electromagnet 6 is fixed at the top of the container of the material cathode protection testing device through an upper fixing bolt 8 and is connected with a servo motor 9 which is also arranged outside the container of the material cathode protection testing device. The sleeve 4 is positioned between the upper electromagnet 5 and the lower electromagnet 6, and a horizontal rod is arranged outside the sleeve 4 and is connected with and fixed with the inner wall of the cylindrical sample cavity. The optical positioning sensor is fixed outside the sleeve 4, 2 sensors are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end, one sensor at each upper end and each lower end forms a set, wherein 1 set is used for monitoring the distance between the electromagnetic attraction device and the magnetic clamp, and the other 1 set is used for measuring the deformation size of the sample.
The current control device is positioned outside the protection testing device, and a lead enters the protection testing device container through a testing hole 10-13 of an upper cover plate of the protection testing device container 16 and is connected with the material sample, the electromagnet and the optical positioning sensor.
The solid reference electrode 15 is used for testing the potential of a sample, the cathodic protection potential lead 14 is connected to the tensile sample, the protection potential of the sample is applied through the external cathodic protection potential lead 14, and an external cathodic potential system of the cathodic protection potential is placed outside the cathodic protection device.
All of the above mentioned intellectual property rights are not intended to be restrictive to other forms of implementing the new and/or new products. Those skilled in the art will take advantage of this important information, and the foregoing will be modified to achieve similar performance. However, all modifications or alterations are based on the new products of the invention and belong to the reserved rights.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A device for cathodic protection of a material in a slow stretched condition, comprising: the device comprises a container, an upper electromagnetic attraction device, a lower electromagnetic attraction device, an upper magnetic clamp, a lower magnetic clamp, a sample limiting and balancing device, an optical positioning sensor, a precise servo transmission device, a current control device, an additional cathode potential system, an external cathode protection potential lead and a solid-state reference electrode;
the lower electromagnetic attraction device is fixed at the bottom of the container of the material cathode protection testing device, and the upper electromagnetic attraction device is fixed at the top of the container of the material cathode protection testing device and is connected with a precision servo transmission device which is also arranged outside the container of the material cathode protection testing device;
the solid reference electrode is used for testing the potential of a sample, the cathodic protection potential lead is connected to a tensile sample, the protection potential of the sample is applied through an external cathodic protection potential lead, and an external cathodic protection potential system of the cathodic protection potential is placed outside the cathodic protection device;
the sample limiting and balancing device is positioned between the upper electromagnetic attraction device and the lower electromagnetic attraction device, and the upper magnetic clamp and the lower magnetic clamp are positioned at the upper part and the lower part in the sample limiting and balancing device;
the optical positioning sensor is fixed outside the limiting balance device, and 2 sensors are respectively installed at the upper end and the lower end of the limiting balance device.
2. The device for cathodic protection of materials under slow tension according to claim 1, wherein: the upper magnetic clamp and the lower magnetic clamp are respectively used for fixing the upper end and the lower end of a material sample, and the clamps are made according to the shape and the size of the sample.
3. The device for cathodic protection of materials under slow tension according to claim 1, wherein: the electromagnetic attraction device is an electromagnet.
4. The device for cathodic protection of materials under slow tension according to claim 1, wherein: the precise servo transmission device is a servo motor.
5. The method for testing the cathodic protection of materials by using the cathodic protection device for materials in a slow-stretching state as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 4, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, respectively loading an upper magnetic clamp and a lower magnetic clamp into the upper end and the lower end of a sample to be tested and fixing;
secondly, loading the material sample and the magnetic clamp into a limiting balance device and a test container, and injecting a corrosive medium required by seawater into the container;
thirdly, starting a current control device to provide current for the electromagnetic attraction device, so that the material sample and the magnetic clamp are in a stable suspension state;
fourthly, starting the optical positioning sensing device, and measuring the positions of the upper end and the lower end of the sample and the distance between the sample and the electromagnetic attraction device;
fifthly, setting a stretching speed, starting a servo transmission system to work, obtaining a position change parameter by an optical positioning sensing device, transmitting the position change parameter to a current control device, automatically adjusting a current value, changing a magnetic force value, and stretching a sample by tension;
and sixthly, in the stretching process, applying a cathodic protection potential to the sample by an impressed cathodic potential system until the sample is broken, and automatically recording tension and displacement data.
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| CN109724871A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-05-07 | 江苏亚星锚链股份有限公司 | Slow tensile test apparatus under a kind of R6 grades of mooring cable cathodic protection |
| CN111398023B (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2023-06-23 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Device, method and application for simultaneously realizing compact tensile loading sample corrosion solution environment and cathode protection test environment |
| CN112461736B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2023-05-30 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Test equipment and test method for evaluating uniform corrosion of metal material |
| CN114941449B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2023-01-20 | 上海交通大学 | Tensioning device, tensioning and reinforcing system and method for TRM (Top gas insulated switchgear) grating |
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