CN108152673A - A kind of active distribution network failure Hierarchical Location method using multi-source data - Google Patents
A kind of active distribution network failure Hierarchical Location method using multi-source data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of active distribution network failure Hierarchical Location method using multi-source data, is divided into prime area layer positioning and exact layer positions two levels.The information for comprehensively utilizing the breaker of the fault moment of upload, block switch and interconnection switch monitoring terminal FTU first carries out fault section area level positioning, then in the range of determining fault section, carry out line layer positioning, it is calculated using two end node electric quantity information of fault section, obtains accurate abort situation.Pass through verification, the results showed that the method for the present invention can not be influenced by fault type and position, quickly realize fault location；Used fault location principle is simple and reliable, has relatively strong anti-transition resistance ability；Sample frequency is of less demanding, while can improve fault location precision, therefore with higher actual application value by improving sample frequency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of electric power, are related to relay protection of power system, are a kind of active using multi-source data
Distribution network failure Hierarchical Location method.
Background technology
With the development of modern power systems, the network of power distribution network is increasingly complicated, and capacity and voltage class are constantly promoted, and are matched
The safe normal operation of power grid becomes the key link of service power grid user.It, can be in circuit event in power distribution network operational monitoring
Exact failure positioning distance measuring is quickly realized after barrier, is the key that improve distribution network reliability.
Phase fault occurs for circuit, adjoint over-current phenomenon avoidance, fault identification easy to implement can occurs.It is single-phase in power distribution network
Earth fault is most common fault type, and distribution network failure positions the accurate positionin primarily directed to singlephase earth fault[1]。
At present, the common method of distribution network failure positioning has：1) Fault Locating Method based on impedance, to measure failure at circuit end points
Distance[2]-[3], in practical applications quite extensively, advantage is fairly simple reliable to impedance method, and shortcoming is that range accuracy is not high, is passed
The R-L model algorithms of system are one-end fault location algorithm, and in power distribution network application, traditional R-L model algorithms are there are transition
In the case of resistance, the problem of coupling information of double-ended current can not be eliminated, it can not realize and be accurately positioned；2) failure based on traveling wave
Localization method, the traveling wave generated by failure two-way time between trouble point and measurement end calculate fault distance[4]；3) base
In the Fault Locating Method of signal injection, by realizing that trouble point tracks to system Injection Signal[5].Wherein, based on impedance method
Fault distance-finding method principle it is simple, be widely used research, and also deposited for the Fault Locating Method based on impedance
The defects of, be further improved.
Bibliography
[1] Ji Tao, Sun Tongjing, Xue Yongduan wait distribution network failures Current Localization Technology and prospect [J] protecting electrical power systems
With control, 2005,33 (24):32-37.
[2] Huang Yanquan, Xiao Jian, Li Jin wait least square methods to apply pre-test [J] power train blanket insurances in distance protection
Shield and control, 2004,32 (7):17-20.
[3] impedance method research [J] of Liu Jiajun, Li Chunju, the Li Wen tinkling of pieces of jade application and trouble current weights in fault localization
Electric railway, 2003 (5):1-4.
[4] Dong Xinzhou, Ge Yaozhong, the third boundary of Xu is using in measuring distance of transmission line fault research [J] of transient current travelling waves
State's electrical engineering journal, 1999 (4):76-80.
[5] Wang Xinchao, mulberry middle be based on " S injection methods " a kind of fault location new method [J] protecting electrical power systems with
Control, 2001,29 (7):9-12.
Invention content
The problem to be solved in the present invention is：Fault Locating Method based on impedance is widely used in distribution network failure positioning, but
Its positioning accuracy is unable to meet demand, has much room for improvement.The present invention proposes a kind of new active distribution network using multi-source data
Failure Hierarchical Location method.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of active distribution network failure Hierarchical Location method using multi-source data, including
Following steps：
Step 1：After line failure, failure-description matrix is constructed first with multi-source data, carries out abort situation
Breaker, block switch and interconnection switch are marked as switching node, the switching network description of structure N × N ranks by initial alignment first
Matrix D, works as line failure, and update switching network Description Matrix D obtains failure-description matrix F, judges fault section；
Step 2：The fault section information obtained according to step 1, in originally determined fault section, according to fault section
The voltage and current information of two end node m, n calculates the equivalent resistance and equivalent inductance at trouble point distance m ends into determinant：
It is located at circuit between node m and node n and transition resistance R occursgShort trouble, establishing formula is：
In formula, RmAnd LmThe respectively line equivalent resistance and inductance at failure point distance m ends, RnAnd LnRespectively event
Hinder the line equivalent resistance and inductance at point distance n ends；RlAnd LlLine equivalent all-in resistance and inductance value；umAnd unFor circuit
Both ends voltage-to-ground；imAnd inFor circuit both ends electric current；WithFor circuit both ends current differential value；ifFor current in the fault point；
Formula (1) is arranged, is obtained：
I.e.:Δumn=Rmif+LmDmn-Un
Wherein Δ umn=um-un；if=im+in；
In two moment t1And t2Voltage-to-ground u, electric current i and the current differential value at both ends are measured respectivelyObtain two
Independent equation：
t1Moment：
t2Moment：
Simultaneous formula (3) and (4) obtain：
In formula：It is calculated using difference come approximate differential, while the median for choosing two adjacent sampling instances is used as and is somebody's turn to do
The measured value at moment, then have：
Wherein, TsFor sampling interval duration；im(h), im(h+1), im(h+2) be respectively node m electric currents h, h+1 and h
The value of+2 sampled points, in(h), in(h+1), in(h+2) be respectively node n electric currents h, h+1 and h+2 sampled points value；
If circuit does not break down, formula (5) (6), which carries out abbreviation, can so that molecule and denominator are zero simultaneously, should not carry out
Fault distance calculates, therefore fault distance is set to calculate criterion：
|if1Dmn2-if2Dmn1| ＞ Kset (7)
Take KsetBe 0.1, if circuit does not break down, that is, be unsatisfactory for dynamic fault distance and calculate criterion, then without failure away from
From calculating；
Step 3：The equivalent resistance R of abort situation distance m nodes is calculated using step 2mWith inductance LmEvent is acquired respectively
The distance of barrier point and node m, and the average value of the fault distance to be calculated respectively is as final fault distance calculated value.
Further, in step 3, with RmAnd LmFault distance is acquired respectively, with the flat of the fault distance that is calculated respectively
Mean value is as final fault distance calculated value：
In formula, R1And L1Respectively circuit unit length inductance value and resistance value choose 5ms data windows to by fault section
Information carries out data processing, and data window is slided with sampled point, in a data window, the abort situation calculated value that is continuously available
S meets relative error and is continuously less than 1%, then judges that calculated value is restrained, as final therefore distance.
In order to solve active distribution network line fault orientation problem, the present invention proposes a kind of active using multi-source data
Distribution network failure Hierarchical Location method.On the basis of traditional fault distance-finding method, integrated use grid disruption road of the present invention
The multidimensional datas such as the information of device, block switch and interconnection switch monitoring terminal, and simultaneously to the R-L in traditional one-end fault ranging
Model algorithm is improved, and is allowed to be used not only for both-end fault location, and registration.The method of the present invention is divided into original area
Domain layer positioning and exact layer position two levels, first with the breaker, block switch and connection of the fault moment of upload
The information architecture failure-description matrix of network switch monitors terminal carries out fault section area level positioning, then in determining faulty section
In segment limit, line layer positioning is carried out, is calculated using two end node electric quantity information of fault section, obtains accurate failure
Position.The method of the present invention can not be influenced by fault type and position, quickly realize fault location；Used fault location principle
It is simple and reliable, there is relatively strong anti-transition resistance ability.The method of the present invention is of less demanding to sample frequency, while can pass through raising
Sample frequency improves fault location precision, therefore with good practical value.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the active active distribution network system of 9 nodes of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the active active distribution network system switching network of 9 nodes of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the single-line to ground fault system model of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
On the basis of traditional Fault Locating Method, integrated use grid disruption road device of the present invention, block switch and connection
The multi-source datas such as network switch monitors terminal FTU (Feeder terminal unit, Feeder Terminal Unit) information, and simultaneously to passing
System R-L model algorithms are improved, it is proposed that a kind of active distribution network failure Hierarchical Location method using multi-source data.The party
Method is divided into prime area layer positioning and exact layer positions two levels.First with the breaker of the fault moment of upload,
Block switch and the information structuring failure-description matrix of interconnection switch monitoring determine fault section range, then in determining failure
In the range of section, according to fault zone node voltage magnitude of current information, faulty line is calculated using R-L model algorithms are improved
Exact position.By verification, this method can not be influenced by fault type and position, have relatively strong anti-transition resistance ability,
It can rapidly and accurately realize fault location.
Illustrate the implementation method of the present invention below.
Step 1：After line failure, first with breaker, block switch and interconnection switch monitoring terminal FTU information
Multi-source datas construction failure-description matrix is waited to carry out the initial alignment of abort situation.It, will based on topological structure in active distribution network
Breaker, block switch and interconnection switch are marked as switching node, and form switching network Description Matrix D.Setting network first
Positive direction, it is specified that：Single supply network is line power flow direction；Power network is individually powered feelings to assume in a certain power supply
Under condition, the direction of line power flowing.In N number of meshed network, structure N × N rank switch Description Matrix D, for switching node
I, if switching node j is attached thereto, and network positive direction is switching node i directing switch node j, then dij=1；Otherwise dij=
0. has：
Work as line failure, if the direction that switching node i flows through fault current is consistent with the network positive direction set,
This node FTU corrects switching network Description Matrix D to control centre's up-delivering signal " 1 ", by diiValue is modified to 1；If otherwise
Switching node i flow through fault current direction with network positive direction on the contrary, no fault current flow through, then diiKeep initial value.
After the completion of switching network Description Matrix D is corrected, failure-description matrix F is obtained.
Area level fault location is carried out according to failure-description matrix F, if switching node i meets fii=1, fault section detection
Principle is：
(1) meet f for allij=1 switching node j (j=1,2,3 ... N, j ≠ i), while meet fjj=0, then
Failure is happened on switching node i and switching node j sections.
(2) if all switching node j (j=1,2,3 ... N, j ≠ i), are satisfied by fij=0, then failure be happened at joint
The end of point i.
Step 2：Fault bit is completed with multi-source datas such as breaker, block switch and interconnection switch monitoring terminal FTU information
After putting initial alignment, fault section information can be obtained.In originally determined fault section, according to two end segment of fault section
Point voltage and current information, can be into determinant.Circuit course of emergency crosses resistance R between node m and node ngShort trouble
For, establishing formula is：
In formula, RmAnd LmThe respectively line equivalent resistance and inductance at failure point distance m ends, RnAnd LnRespectively event
Hinder the line equivalent resistance and inductance at point distance n ends；RlAnd LlLine equivalent all-in resistance and inductance value；umAnd unFor circuit
Both ends voltage-to-ground；imAnd inFor circuit both ends electric current；WithFor circuit both ends current differential value；ifFor current in the fault point.
Formula is arranged, can be obtained：
As：Δumn=Rmif+ZmDmn-Un
Wherein Δ umn=um-un；if=im+in；
In two moment t1And t2Respectively measure u, i andIt can be obtained by two independent equations：
It can then be calculated by simultaneous formula (4) and (5).It obtains：
In formula：It is calculated using difference come approximate differential, while the median for choosing two adjacent sampling instances is used as and is somebody's turn to do
The measured value at moment, then have：
Wherein, TsFor sampling interval duration；im(h), im(h+1), im(h+2) be respectively node m electric currents h, h+1 and h
The value of+2 sampled points, in(h), in(h+1), in(h+2) be respectively node n electric currents h, h+1 and h+2 sampled points value.
If circuit does not break down, formula (6) (7), which carries out abbreviation, can so that molecule and denominator are zero simultaneously, should not carry out
Fault distance calculates.Therefore setting fault distance calculates criterion：
|if1Dmn2-if2Dmn1| ＞ Ksrt (8)
Take KsetIt is 0.1, if circuit does not break down, is unsatisfactory for dynamic fault distance and calculates criterion, then without fault distance
It calculates.
Step 3：The equivalent resistance and reactance value of abort situation distance m nodes are calculated using step 2.So as to RmWith
LmAcquire fault distance respectively, and the average value of the fault distance to be calculated respectively is as final fault distance calculated value：
In formula, R1And L1Respectively circuit unit length inductance value and resistance value.It chooses 5ms data windows and carries out data processing,
Data window is slided with sampled point.In a data window, it is continuous that the abort situation calculated value s that is continuously available meets relative error
Less than 1%, then judge that calculated value is restrained, as final fault distance.
Present disclosure is described in further details with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 show the active active distribution network system structure of 9 nodes, which shares 2 distributed power generation DG, and simultaneously
Access main power grid UG (Utility Grid).Wherein, CB1-CB7 represent breaker, S1-S3 represent block switch, breaker and
FTU is fitted on block switch, T1-T3 represents main transformer, and T4-T6 represents distribution transforming.Breaker and block switch are marked successively
It for switching node and is numbered, switching network figure can be obtained as illustrated in fig. 2, it is assumed that network positive direction is individually powered for DG1
When power flow direction, as solid arrow direction.It is hereby achieved that switching network Description Matrix D is：
A phase line earth fault F1 are set on circuit line4 at 7 end 10km of node, transition resistance is 1 Ω, therefore
Barrier is happened at the t=0.5s moment.As shown in Fig. 2, according to fault current direction and the network positive direction principle of correspondence, d can be obtained22
=d66=1, so as to be modified to obtain failure-description matrix F to matrix D to be：
According to fault section detection principle (1)：
f6,6=1, f6,10=1, f10,10=0, then fault zone correspond between switching node 4 and switching node 10 and be
System structure chart is then between node 7 and node 8.
When an error occurs, the information about power of each node uploads to central computing platform, by failure initial alignment
Through determining fault section between node 7 and node 8, power so as to which whole system equivalent can become Double-End Source shown in Fig. 3
Model.Using the current and voltage quantities information of node 7 and node 8, abort situation can be calculated.
The One-terminal that m ends A phase voltages are listed according to system model is：
Wherein, KR=(R0-R1)/3R1, KL=(L0-L1)/3L1The respectively zero-utility theory of line resistance and inductance；
R0And R1Respectively circuit unit positive sequence and zero sequence resistance, L0And L1Respectively circuit unit positive sequence and zero sequence inductance；uma, ima,
im0The busbar of A phases measures terminal voltage, electric current and zero-sequence current respectively under the malfunction of m ends.
The One-terminal that n ends A phase voltages can similarly be obtained is：
Wherein, RmAnd LmThe respectively line equivalent resistance and inductance at failure point distance m ends, RnAnd LnRespectively event
Hinder the line equivalent resistance and inductance at point distance n ends；RlAnd LlLine equivalent all-in resistance and inductance value；una, ina, in0Respectively
Busbar for A phases under the malfunction of n ends measures terminal voltage, electric current and zero-sequence current；ifFor current in the fault point.
In two moment t1And t2Respectively measure u, i andIt can be obtained by two independent equations：
It can then carry out that R is calculated by simultaneousmAnd Lm, and with RmAnd LmThe average value for acquiring fault distance respectively is made
For final fault distance calculated value：
In formula, R1And L1Respectively circuit unit length positive sequence resistance value and inductance value.The present invention choose 5ms data windows into
Row data processing, data window are slided with sampled point.In a data window, the abort situation calculated value s being continuously available meets
Relative error is continuously less than 1%, then judges that calculated value is restrained, as final therefore distance.
With the development of modern power systems, the safe normal operation of power distribution network becomes the crucial ring of service power grid user
Section.After line fault occurs for power distribution network, fault location ranging is quick and precisely realized, be the pass for improving distribution network reliability
Key.On the basis of traditional fault distance-finding method, integrated use grid disruption road device of the present invention, block switch and interconnection switch
The multidimensional datas such as the information of monitoring terminal, and traditional R-L model algorithms are improved simultaneously, it is proposed that it is a kind of to utilize multi-source number
According to active distribution network failure Hierarchical Location method.This method is divided into prime area layer positioning and exact layer positions two layers
It is secondary, it is retouched first with the information architecture failure of the breaker of the fault moment of upload, block switch and interconnection switch monitoring terminal
It states matrix and carries out fault section area level positioning, then in the range of determining fault section, carry out line layer positioning, utilize event
Barrier two end node electric quantity information of section is calculated, and obtains accurate abort situation.By verification, this method can not be by event
Hindering type and position influences, and quickly realizes fault location；Used fault location principle is simple and reliable, has relatively strong anti-transition electricity
Resistance ability；Sample frequency is of less demanding, while can improve fault location precision by improving sample frequency, thus with compared with
High actual application value.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of active distribution network failure Hierarchical Location method using multi-source data, it is characterized in that including the following steps：
Step 1：After line failure, failure-description matrix is constructed first with multi-source data, carries out the initial of abort situation
Breaker, block switch and interconnection switch are marked as switching node by positioning first, build N × N rank switching network Description Matrixes
D, works as line failure, and update switching network Description Matrix D obtains failure-description matrix F, judges fault section；
Step 2：The fault section information obtained according to step 1, in originally determined fault section, according to fault section both ends
The voltage and current information of node m, n calculate the equivalent resistance and equivalent inductance at trouble point distance m ends into determinant：
It is located at circuit between node m and node n and transition resistance R occursgShort trouble, establishing formula is：
In formula, RmAnd LmThe respectively line equivalent resistance and inductance at failure point distance m ends, RnAnd LnRespectively failure occurs
The line equivalent resistance and inductance at place distance n ends；RlAnd LlLine equivalent all-in resistance and inductance value；umAnd unFor circuit both ends pair
Ground voltage；imAnd inFor circuit both ends electric current；WithFor circuit both ends current differential value；ifFor current in the fault point；
Formula (1) is arranged, is obtained：
I.e.：△umn=Rmif+LmDmn-Un
Wherein △ umn=um-un；if=im+in；
In two moment t1And t2Voltage-to-ground u, electric current i and the current differential value at both ends are measured respectivelyObtain two it is independent
Equation：
t1Moment：
t2Moment：
Simultaneous formula (3) and (4) obtain：
In formula：It is calculated using difference come approximate differential, while chooses the median of two adjacent sampling instances as the moment
Measured value, then have：
Wherein, TsFor sampling interval duration；im(h), im(h+1), im(h+2) be respectively node m electric currents h, h+1 and h+2
The value of sampled point, in(h), in(h+1), in(h+2) be respectively node n electric currents h, h+1 and h+2 sampled points value；
If circuit does not break down, formula (5) (6), which carries out abbreviation, can so that molecule and denominator are zero simultaneously, should not carry out failure
Distance calculates, therefore fault distance is set to calculate criterion：
Take KsetIt is 0.1, if circuit does not break down, that is, is unsatisfactory for dynamic fault distance and calculates criterion, then without fault distance meter
It calculates；
Step 3：The equivalent resistance R of abort situation distance m nodes is calculated using step 2mWith inductance LmTrouble point is acquired respectively
With the distance of node m, and the average value of the fault distance to be calculated respectively is as final fault distance calculated value.
2. a kind of active distribution network failure Hierarchical Location method using multi-source data according to claim 1, feature
It is in step 3, with RmAnd LmAcquire fault distance respectively, using the average value of fault distance that is calculated respectively as final therefore
Barrier is apart from calculated value：
In formula, R1And L1Respectively circuit unit length inductance value and resistance value choose 5ms data windows to by fault section information
Data processing is carried out, data window is slided with sampled point, and in a data window, the abort situation calculated value s being continuously available expires
Sufficient relative error is continuously less than 1%, then judges that calculated value is restrained, as final therefore distance.
3. a kind of active distribution network failure Hierarchical Location method using multi-source data according to claim 1, feature
It is that step 1 is specially：
Based on topological structure in active distribution network, breaker, block switch and interconnection switch are marked as switching node, set net
Network positive direction in the network of N number of node, builds N × N rank switching network Description Matrix D, for switching node i, if joint
Point j is attached thereto, and network positive direction is switching node i directing switch node j, then dij=1；Otherwise dij=0, that is, have：
Work as line failure, if the direction that switching node i flows through fault current is consistent with the network positive direction set, this section
The FTU of point corrects switching network Description Matrix D to control centre's up-delivering signal " 1 ", by diiValue is modified to 1；If it otherwise opens
Artis i flow through fault current direction with network positive direction on the contrary, no fault current flow through, then diiInitial value is kept, is opened
It closes after the completion of network Description Matrix D is corrected and obtains failure-description matrix F, area level failure is carried out according to failure-description matrix F
Positioning, if switching node i meets fii=1, fault section detection principle is：
1) meet f for allij=1 switching node j, j=1,2,3 ... N, j ≠ i, if meeting f simultaneouslyjj=0, then failure send out
Life is on switching node i and switching node j sections；
2) if all switching node j are satisfied by fij=0, then failure be happened at the end of switching node i.
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