CN108151359B - Domestic solar energy utilization system of second grade heat accumulation formula - Google Patents
Domestic solar energy utilization system of second grade heat accumulation formula Download PDFInfo
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- CN108151359B CN108151359B CN201810001468.0A CN201810001468A CN108151359B CN 108151359 B CN108151359 B CN 108151359B CN 201810001468 A CN201810001468 A CN 201810001468A CN 108151359 B CN108151359 B CN 108151359B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/002—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
- F25B27/007—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy in sorption type systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/272—Solar heating or cooling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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Abstract
The invention discloses a secondary heat accumulating type household solar energy utilization system which comprises a solar heat collecting unit, a solar energy utilization unit and a secondary heat accumulating unit, wherein the secondary heat accumulating unit is composed of an endothermic reactor, a heat exchange medium pipeline for heat collection, a rectifying tower, a first condenser, a gas-liquid separator, a hydrogen storage tank, a liquid storage tank and an exothermic reactor. Furthermore, the use mode realizes the utilization of the heat energy of the solar energy in a chemical energy storage mode, and improves the utilization efficiency of the solar energy. The arrangement of the exothermic reactor can improve the high-temperature heat output by the system, so that the system has a larger application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar energy, in particular to a secondary heat accumulating type household solar energy utilization system.
Background
Solar energy is widely used as a clean energy source because it is available without pollution. Solar water heaters are widely used in China and are mainly used for heating and providing domestic hot water. The existing solar water heater comprises a solar heat collector and a water tank, wherein the solar heat collector is used for heating water in the water tank by collected heat, so that heating and hot water supply are realized. However, the solar heat collector in the prior art is limited by the difference from the illumination conditions in winter and summer, the situation that hot water cannot be provided even in rainy days due to high water temperature in summer and low water temperature in winter can occur, so that the whole water heater is unstable in actual use and has the defect of intermittence.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to provide a domestic solar energy utilization system of second grade heat accumulation formula, it is unstable when using to solve the solar energy utilization system, has intermittent type nature, unable continuous use problem.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
A two-stage heat accumulating type household solar energy utilization system comprises a solar heat collecting unit and a solar energy utilization unit, wherein the solar heat collecting unit comprises a solar heat collecting device, a heat exchange medium pipeline for heat collection is arranged in the solar heat collecting device, and the solar energy utilization unit comprises a first heat exchanger; the heat exchange medium pipeline for heat collection is communicated with the first heat exchanger, heat exchange medium flowing through the heat exchange medium pipeline for heat collection exchanges heat with household water in the first heat exchanger, the heat storage system further comprises a second-stage heat storage unit, the second-stage heat storage unit comprises an endothermic reactor, a second-stage heat storage outlet is arranged in the middle of the heat exchange medium pipeline for heat collection, a second-stage circulating pipeline is arranged between the second-stage heat storage outlet and the heat exchange medium pipeline inlet for heat collection, the second-stage circulating pipeline is provided with a section of part which is positioned in the endothermic reactor and supplies heat to the endothermic reactor, a gas outlet of the endothermic reactor is connected with a reactant inlet of the rectifying tower through a pipeline, a reflux outlet of the rectifying tower is connected with a reaction raw material inlet of the endothermic reactor through a pipeline, a rectifying outlet of the rectifying tower is connected with an inlet of a first condenser through a pipeline, an outlet of the first condenser is connected with an inlet, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the liquid inlet in the liquid storage tank through a pipeline, the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage tank and the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank are connected with the reaction raw material inlet of the exothermic reactor through pipelines, an ignition device is arranged in the exothermic reactor, the reactant outlet of the exothermic reactor is connected with the reactant inlet of the rectifying tower through a pipeline, and the pipeline for connecting the outlet of the heat exchange medium pipeline for heat collection and the first heat exchanger is provided with a part which is positioned in the exothermic reactor and used for heat exchange.
Therefore, the heat exchange medium can be phase change materials such as water, paraffin, heat conduction oil and the like, and the specific working process of the solar energy utilization system is shown by taking the heat conduction oil as an example. The heat conducting oil stain is stored in a heat exchange medium storage tank, enters a heat exchange medium pipeline for heat collection, is heated to about 90 ℃ under the action of a parabolic trough type heat collector, flows out from a secondary heat storage outlet at the middle section of the heat exchange medium pipeline, enters an endothermic reactor through a pipeline, isopropanol in the endothermic reactor absorbs low-temperature heat and is decomposed into acetone and hydrogen, reaction products enter a rectifying tower and are separated in the rectifying tower, the separated isopropanol enters an endothermic reactor for cyclic utilization, the obtained acetone and hydrogen enter a first condenser from the top of the tower for cooling, the cooled acetone and hydrogen enter a gas-liquid separator, the separated hydrogen and acetone are respectively stored in a hydrogen storage tank and a liquid storage tank by products entering the gas-liquid separator, and meanwhile heat conducting oil in the heat exchange medium pipeline for heat collection is heated to 180-220 ℃ through the whole section of heat exchange medium pipeline and enters an exothermic reactor for heat exchange, the acetone and the hydrogen in the exothermic reactor react to generate isopropanol, a large amount of heat is discharged, the temperature of a heat conduction oil outlet is about 200 ℃, and the heat conduction oil is used for heating water in the first heat exchanger after coming out and passing through the first heat exchanger, so that the utilization of solar energy is completed. The exothermic reactor is internally provided with an ignition device for heating and providing initial temperature for synthesizing the isopropanol, so that reaction products stored in the liquid storage tank and the hydrogen storage tank enter the exothermic reactor to smoothly complete the synthesis reaction when rainy days or insufficient solar energy is met, heat is released, and pipelines positioned in the exothermic reactor are heated. The device stores solar energy in a chemical energy mode, and can overcome the defects of instability and intermittence of solar energy utilization. Further, the use mode realizes the utilization of solar heat energy in a chemical energy storage mode, and improves the utilization efficiency of the solar energy. The arrangement of the exothermic reactor can improve the high-temperature heat output by the system, so that the system has a larger application range. It should be noted that, the positions of the outlets for secondary heat storage on the heat collecting heat exchange medium pipelines are different, the heat supply temperature output by the secondary circulation pipeline is also different, and the output temperature of the corresponding outlets for secondary heat storage is higher as the outlets for secondary heat storage are farther away from the inlet. The common endothermic reactor is generally integrated with a special heat exchange pipeline for convenient connection and use, thus part of pipelines for heat supply in the endothermic reactor are integrated in the endothermic reactor and are connected with an outlet for secondary heat storage and an inlet of a heat exchange medium pipeline for heat collection through interfaces, and the exothermic reactor is similarly arranged.
Preferably, the solar heat collecting device also comprises a heat exchange medium storage tank and a parabolic trough type heat collector, wherein the heat exchange medium storage tank, a heat exchange medium pipeline for heat collection and the first heat exchanger form a primary circulating pipeline through pipelines, wherein the outlet of the heat exchange medium storage tank is connected with the inlet of the heat exchange medium pipeline for heat collection through a pipeline, the outlet of the heat exchange medium pipeline for heat collection is connected with the first heat exchange inlet of the first heat exchanger through a pipeline, the first heat exchange outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the heat exchange medium storage tank through a pipeline, one end of the pipeline extending into the endothermic reactor in the secondary circulation pipeline is connected to the outlet for secondary heat storage, the other end of the pipeline is connected with the inlet of the heat exchange medium storage tank, the circulation of the heat exchange medium is completed, the parabolic trough type heat collector is axially arranged along the heat exchange medium pipeline for heat, so that the parabolic trough collector can focus the reflected sunlight to the heat exchange medium pipeline.
In this way, the heat exchange medium storage tank is used for storing the heat exchange medium and can compensate the consumption of the heat exchange medium when the pipeline circulates, and the parabolic trough type solar heat collector is used for gathering the solar energy with low energy flow density into the medium-low temperature heat energy with high energy flow density and providing heat for the heat exchange medium; the heat exchange medium pipeline for heat collection utilizes absorbed solar energy to heat the heat storage material, stores solar heat into the heat storage material, and outputs heat exchange media with different temperatures.
Preferably, the hydrogen storage tank is a metal hydride reactor.
Therefore, the metal hydride reactor stores hydrogen in a reaction mode, so that the hydrogen storage is safer, and the danger of explosion and the like caused by the accumulation of a large amount of hydrogen is prevented.
Preferably, a product splitting device is further arranged between the first condenser and the gas-liquid separator, an outlet of the first condenser is connected with an inlet of the product splitting device through a pipeline, a first outlet of the product splitting device is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator through a pipeline, and a second outlet of the product splitting device is connected with a reaction raw material inlet of the exothermic reactor through a pipeline.
Thus, one part of the flow dividing device enters the gas-liquid separator, and the other part of the flow dividing device enters the exothermic reactor to be directly sent to carry out exothermic reaction, so that the flow dividing device is mainly used for the situation that the hydrogen storage tank and/or the liquid storage tank are filled. The arrangement of the flow dividing device can ensure that the hydrogen storage tank and the liquid storage tank can only participate in circulation when storing and discharging energy, thereby optimizing the circulation structure.
Preferably, the system further comprises a second heat exchanger, the second outlet of the product splitting device, the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage tank and the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank are all connected with the first heat exchange inlet of the second heat exchanger through pipelines, the first heat exchange outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with the reaction raw material inlet of the exothermic reactor through a pipeline, the reactant outlet of the exothermic reactor is connected with the second heat exchange inlet of the second heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the second heat exchange outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with the reactant inlet of the rectifying tower through a pipeline.
Therefore, the second heat exchanger can preheat the raw materials entering the exothermic reactor, so that the heat energy of the exothermic reaction is fully utilized, and the heat energy utilization efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the solar energy utilization unit further comprises an absorption type cold circulation unit, the absorption type cold circulation unit comprises a generator, a part of a pipeline between an outlet of the heat collecting heat exchange medium pipeline and the first heat exchanger extends into the generator to supply heat to the generator, a part of the pipeline extending into the generator to supply heat is positioned at the rear end of a part of management extending into the exothermic reactor to absorb heat, an aqueous solution outlet of the generator is connected with an aqueous solution inlet of the absorber, an aqueous solution outlet of the absorber is connected with the solution pump, and an outlet of the solution pump is connected with an aqueous solution inlet of the generator; a water vapor outlet of the generator is connected with a water vapor inlet of the second condenser, a medium-temperature water outlet of the second condenser is connected with an inlet of a throttle valve, an outlet of the throttle valve is connected with an inlet of the evaporator, and a water vapor outlet of the evaporator is connected with a water vapor inlet of the absorber; the water outlet of the circulating water cooling tower is connected with the inlet of a circulating water pump, the outlet of the circulating water pump is connected with the cooling water inlet of a second condenser, the cooling water outlet of the second condenser is connected with the cooling water inlet of an absorber, and the cooling water outlet of the absorber is connected with the water inlet of the circulating water cooling tower; the refrigerant water outlet of the evaporator is connected with the first refrigerant water inlet of the fan coil, and the first refrigerant water outlet of the fan coil is connected with the refrigerant water inlet of the evaporator.
Therefore, the application range of the utilization system can be enlarged through the absorption type cold circulation unit, the specific generator receives heat emitted by the thermal reactor through heat conduction oil, the working medium aqueous solution is heated, water in the working medium aqueous solution is continuously vaporized into water vapor, the concentration of the working medium aqueous solution in the generator is continuously increased along with the continuous vaporization of the water, the working medium aqueous solution is discharged from the aqueous solution outlet of the generator and enters the absorber through the aqueous solution inlet of the absorber. The vaporized water vapor is discharged from a water vapor outlet of the generator, enters the condenser from a water vapor inlet of the condenser, exchanges heat with cooling water in the condenser, is cooled by the cooling water in the condenser, is condensed into medium-temperature water, the medium-temperature water in the condenser is discharged from a medium-temperature water outlet, enters the evaporator from an inlet of the evaporator through a throttle valve, rapidly expands in the evaporator and is vaporized into water vapor again, the water vapor is discharged from a water vapor outlet of the evaporator, enters the absorber from a water vapor inlet of the absorber, is absorbed by the working medium aqueous solution in the absorber, the concentration of the working medium aqueous solution is gradually reduced, is discharged from an aqueous solution outlet of the absorber, and is sent back to the generator from an aqueous solution inlet of the generator through a solution pump, so that the whole absorption type refrigeration cycle process is completed. The cooling water in the circulating water cooling tower is discharged from a water outlet, enters the condenser from a cooling water inlet of the condenser through a circulating pump, is used as condensed water required by the condenser in the absorption type refrigeration cycle process, is subjected to heat exchange with water vapor from the generator to increase the temperature, is discharged from a cooling water outlet of the condenser, enters the absorber from a cooling water inlet of the absorber, and is discharged from a cooling water outlet of the absorber and then returns to the circulating water cooling tower for cooling and recycling. The refrigerant water of the fan coil is discharged from the refrigerant water outlet of the fan coil and enters the evaporator, the refrigerant water enters the evaporator from the refrigerant water inlet of the evaporator, when the medium-temperature water in the evaporator rapidly expands and is vaporized into water vapor again, the heat of the refrigerant water can be absorbed in a large amount, the temperature of the refrigerant water is reduced, the refrigerant water with the reduced temperature is taken as a carrier, the refrigerant water is discharged from the refrigerant water outlet of the evaporator, the refrigerant water returns to the fan coil from the refrigerant water inlet of the fan coil, and heat exchange is carried out between the fan coil and indoor air, so that the indoor temperature of a building is reduced.
Preferably, a second refrigerant water inlet and a second refrigerant water outlet are further formed in the fan coil, the second refrigerant water outlet of the fan coil is connected with a second heat exchange inlet of the first heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the second heat exchange outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected with the second refrigerant water inlet of the fan coil through a pipeline; and a pipeline for connecting the refrigerant water outlet of the evaporator with the first refrigerant water inlet of the fan coil, a pipeline for connecting the first refrigerant water outlet of the fan coil with the refrigerant water inlet of the evaporator, a pipeline for connecting the second refrigerant water outlet of the fan coil with the second heat exchange inlet of the first heat exchanger, and a pipeline for connecting the second heat exchange outlet of the first heat exchanger with the second refrigerant water inlet of the fan coil are respectively provided with a switch valve.
Therefore, the fan coil can complete the function conversion of refrigeration or heating through the control of the switch valve. The method specifically comprises the steps of closing a pipeline for connecting a refrigerant water outlet of an evaporator and a refrigerant water first inlet of a fan coil, closing a pipeline for connecting a refrigerant water first outlet of the fan coil and a refrigerant water inlet of a connection evaporator, opening a pipeline for connecting a refrigerant water second outlet of the fan coil and a first heat exchanger second heat exchange inlet and a pipeline for connecting a second heat exchange outlet of the first heat exchanger and a refrigerant water second inlet of the fan coil to finish heat supply, and finishing refrigeration in the opposite way. The household requirement can be completed through one fan coil, so that the installation space can be saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-stage regenerative household solar energy utilization system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 is a heat medium storage tank, 2 is a parabolic trough collector, 3 is a heat exchange medium pipeline for heat collection, 4 is a endothermic reactor, 5 is a rectifying tower, 6 is a first condenser, 7 is a product flow dividing device, 8 is a gas-liquid separator, 9 is a second heat exchanger, 10 is a liquid storage tank, 11 is a hydrogen storage tank, 12 is an exothermic reactor, 13 is a generator, 14 is an absorber, 15 is an evaporator, 16 is a throttle valve, 17 is a second condenser, 18 is a circulating water pump, 19 is a cooling tower, 20 is a fan coil, 21 is a three-way flow dividing valve, and 22 is a first heat exchanger.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Please refer to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-stage heat accumulating type household solar energy utilization system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment discloses a secondary heat accumulating type household solar energy utilization system, which comprises a solar heat collecting unit and a solar energy utilization unit, wherein the solar heat collecting unit comprises a solar heat collecting device, a heat exchange medium pipeline 3 for heat collection is arranged in the solar heat collecting device, and the solar energy utilization unit comprises a first heat exchanger 22; the heat exchange medium pipeline 3 for heat collection is communicated with the first heat exchanger 22, heat exchange medium flowing through the heat exchange medium pipeline 3 for heat collection exchanges with the household water in the first heat exchanger 22, the heat exchange system is characterized by further comprising a second-stage heat storage unit, the second-stage heat storage unit comprises an endothermic reactor 4, a second-stage heat storage outlet is arranged in the middle of the heat exchange medium pipeline 3 for heat collection, a second-stage circulating pipeline is arranged between the second-stage heat storage outlet and an inlet of the heat exchange medium pipeline 3 for heat collection, the second-stage circulating pipeline is provided with a part which is positioned in the endothermic reactor 4 and supplies heat to the endothermic reactor 4, a gas outlet of the endothermic reactor 4 is connected with a reactant inlet of the rectifying tower 5 through a pipeline, a reflux outlet of the rectifying tower 5 is connected with a reaction raw material inlet of the endothermic reactor 4 through a pipeline, a rectifying outlet of the rectifying tower 5 is connected with an inlet of the first condenser 6 through, the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 8 is connected with the gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 11 through a pipeline, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 8 is connected with the liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank 10 through a pipeline, the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage tank 11 and the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank 10 are both connected with the reaction raw material inlet of the exothermic reactor 12 through pipelines, an ignition device is arranged in the exothermic reactor 12, the reactant outlet of the exothermic reactor 12 is connected with the reactant inlet of the rectifying tower 5 through a pipeline, and a pipeline through which the outlet of the heat exchange medium pipeline 3 for heat collection is connected with the first heat exchanger 22 is provided with a part which is positioned in the exothermic reactor 12 and used for heat exchange.
Therefore, the heat exchange medium can be phase change materials such as water, paraffin, heat conduction oil and the like, and the specific working process of the solar energy utilization system is shown by taking the heat conduction oil as an example. The heat conducting oil stain is stored in a heat exchange medium storage tank 1, enters a heat exchange medium pipeline 3 for heat collection, is heated to about 90 ℃ under the action of a parabolic trough type heat collector 2, flows out from a secondary heat storage outlet at the middle section of the heat exchange medium pipeline 3, enters an endothermic reactor 4 through a pipeline, isopropanol in the endothermic reactor 4 absorbs low-temperature heat and is decomposed into acetone and hydrogen, reaction products enter a rectifying tower 5 and are separated in the rectifying tower 5, the separated isopropanol enters the endothermic reactor 4 for cyclic utilization, the obtained acetone and hydrogen enter a first condenser 6 from the top of the tower for cooling, the cooled acetone and hydrogen enter a gas-liquid separator 8, the separated hydrogen and acetone are respectively stored in a hydrogen storage tank 11 and a liquid storage tank 10 by products entering the gas-liquid separator 8, and meanwhile, the heat conducting oil in the heat exchange medium pipeline 3 for heat collection is heated to 180-220 ℃ through the heat exchange medium pipeline 3 at the whole section and enters an exothermic reactor 12 for heat exchange, the acetone and the hydrogen in the exothermic reactor 12 react to generate isopropanol, a large amount of heat is discharged, the temperature of a heat conduction oil outlet is about 200 ℃, and the heat conduction oil is used for heating water in the first heat exchanger 22 after coming out through the first heat exchanger 22, so that the utilization of solar energy is completed. The exothermic reactor 12 is provided with an ignition device for heating and providing an initial temperature for synthesizing isopropyl alcohol, so that reaction products stored in the liquid storage tank 10 and the hydrogen storage tank 11 enter the exothermic reactor 12 to smoothly complete a synthesis reaction when rainy days or insufficient solar energy is encountered, heat is released, and pipelines extending into the exothermic reactor are heated. The device stores solar energy in a chemical energy mode, and can overcome the defects of instability and intermittence of solar energy utilization. Further, the use mode realizes the utilization of solar heat energy in a chemical energy storage mode, and improves the utilization efficiency of the solar energy. The provision of the exothermic reactor 12 increases the high temperature heat output from the system, making the system more useful. It should be noted that, the positions of the outlets for secondary heat storage on the heat collecting heat exchange medium pipeline 3 are different, the heat supply temperature output by the secondary circulation pipeline is also different, and the output temperature of the corresponding outlet for secondary heat storage is higher as the outlet is farther away from the inlet. A special heat exchange pipeline is generally integrated in the conventional endothermic reactor 4 for convenient connection and use, so that part of the pipelines for supplying heat in the endothermic reactor 4 are integrated in the endothermic reactor 4 and connected with an outlet for secondary heat storage and an inlet of the heat exchange medium pipeline 3 for heat collection through interfaces, and the exothermic reactor 12 is similarly arranged.
In this embodiment, the solar heat collection device further comprises a heat exchange medium storage tank 1 and a parabolic trough type heat collector 2, the heat exchange medium storage tank 1, a heat exchange medium pipeline 3 for heat collection and a first heat exchanger 22 form a primary circulation pipeline through pipelines, wherein an outlet of the heat exchange medium storage tank 1 is connected with an inlet of the heat exchange medium pipeline 3 for heat collection through a pipeline, an outlet of the heat exchange medium pipeline 3 for heat collection is connected with a first heat exchange inlet of the first heat exchanger 22 through a pipeline, a first heat exchange outlet of the first heat exchanger 22 is connected with an inlet of the heat exchange medium storage tank 1 through a pipeline, one end of a pipeline extending into the endothermic reactor 4 in the secondary circulation pipeline is connected with an outlet for secondary heat storage, the other end of the pipeline is connected with an inlet of the heat exchange medium storage tank 1, circulation of a heat exchange medium is completed, the trough type heat collector, so that the parabolic trough collector 2 can focus the reflected sunlight to the heat exchange medium conduit 3.
In this way, the heat exchange medium storage tank 1 is used for storing the heat exchange medium and can make up for the consumption of the heat exchange medium when the pipeline circulates, and the parabolic trough type solar heat collector 2 is used for gathering the solar energy with low energy flow density into the medium-low temperature heat energy with high energy flow density and providing heat for the heat exchange medium; the heat exchange medium pipeline for heat collection utilizes absorbed solar energy to heat the heat storage material, stores solar heat into the heat storage material, and outputs heat exchange media with different temperatures.
In the present embodiment, the hydrogen storage tank 11 is a metal hydride reactor.
Therefore, the metal hydride reactor stores hydrogen in a reaction mode, so that the hydrogen storage is safer, and the danger of explosion and the like caused by the accumulation of a large amount of hydrogen is prevented.
In this embodiment, a product splitting device 7 is further disposed between the first condenser 6 and the gas-liquid separator 8, an outlet of the first condenser 6 is connected to an inlet of the product splitting device 7 through a pipeline, a first outlet of the product splitting device 7 is connected to an inlet of the gas-liquid separator 8 through a pipeline, and a second outlet of the product splitting device 7 is connected to an inlet of the exothermic reactor 12 through a pipeline.
Thus, one part of the flow dividing device enters the gas-liquid separator, and the other part of the flow dividing device enters the exothermic reactor to be directly sent to carry out exothermic reaction, so that the flow dividing device is mainly used for the situation that the hydrogen storage tank and/or the liquid storage tank are filled. The arrangement of the flow dividing device can ensure that the hydrogen storage tank and the liquid storage tank can only participate in circulation when storing and discharging energy, thereby optimizing the circulation structure.
In this embodiment, the system further includes a second heat exchanger 9, the second outlet of the product diversion device 7, the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage tank 11, and the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank 10 are all connected to the first heat exchange inlet of the second heat exchanger 9 through pipelines, the first heat exchange outlet of the second heat exchanger 9 is connected to the reaction raw material inlet of the exothermic reactor 12 through a pipeline, the reactant outlet of the exothermic reactor 12 is connected to the second heat exchange inlet of the second heat exchanger 9 through a pipeline, and the second heat exchange outlet of the second heat exchanger 9 is connected to the reactant inlet of the rectifying tower 5 through a pipeline.
Therefore, the second heat exchanger can preheat the raw materials entering the exothermic reactor, so that the heat energy of the exothermic reaction is fully utilized, and the heat energy utilization efficiency is improved.
In this embodiment, the solar energy utilization unit further includes an absorption type cooling cycle unit, the absorption type cooling cycle unit includes a generator 13, a part of a pipeline between the outlet of the heat collecting heat exchange medium pipeline 3 and the first heat exchanger 22 extends into the generator 13 to supply heat to the generator, a part of the pipeline extending into the generator 13 to supply heat is located at the rear end of a part of management extending into the exothermic reactor 12 to absorb heat, the aqueous solution outlet of the generator 13 is connected to the aqueous solution inlet of the absorber 14, the aqueous solution outlet of the absorber 14 is connected to the solution pump, and the outlet of the solution pump is connected to the aqueous solution inlet of the generator 13; a water vapor outlet of the generator 13 is connected with a water vapor inlet of a second condenser 17, a medium-temperature water outlet of the second condenser 17 is connected with an inlet of a throttle valve 16, an outlet of the throttle valve 16 is connected with an inlet of an evaporator 15, and a water vapor outlet of the evaporator 15 is connected with a water vapor inlet of an absorber 14; the water outlet of the circulating water cooling tower 19 is connected with the inlet of a circulating water pump 18, the outlet of the circulating water pump 18 is connected with the cooling water inlet of a second condenser 17, the cooling water outlet of the second condenser 17 is connected with the cooling water inlet of the absorber 14, and the cooling water outlet of the absorber 14 is connected with the water inlet of the circulating water cooling tower 19; the refrigerant water outlet of the evaporator 15 is connected with the first refrigerant water inlet of the fan coil 20, and the first refrigerant water outlet of the fan coil 20 is connected with the refrigerant water inlet of the evaporator 15.
In this way, the application range of the utilization system can be widened by the absorption type cold circulation unit, the specific generator 13 receives the heat emitted by the thermal reactor 12 through heat conducting oil, the working medium aqueous solution therein is heated, the water in the working medium aqueous solution is continuously vaporized into water vapor, the concentration of the working medium aqueous solution in the generator 13 is continuously increased along with the continuous vaporization of the water, the working medium aqueous solution is discharged from the aqueous solution outlet of the generator and enters the absorber 14 from the aqueous solution inlet of the absorber 14. The vaporized water vapor is discharged from the water vapor outlet of the generator 13, enters the condenser from the water vapor inlet of the condenser 17, exchanges heat with the cooling water in the condenser, is cooled by the cooling water in the condenser, and is condensed into medium-temperature water, the medium-temperature water in the condenser is discharged from the medium-temperature water outlet, enters the evaporator 15 from the inlet of the evaporator 15 through the throttle valve 16, is rapidly expanded in the evaporator and is vaporized into water vapor again, the water vapor is discharged from the water vapor outlet of the evaporator, enters the absorber from the water vapor inlet of the absorber 14, is absorbed by the working medium aqueous solution in the absorber, the concentration of the working medium aqueous solution is gradually reduced, is discharged from the aqueous solution outlet of the absorber, is sent back to the generator from the aqueous solution inlet of the generator 13 through the solution pump, and the whole absorption refrigeration cycle process is completed. The cooling water in the circulating water cooling tower 19 is discharged from a water outlet, enters the condenser from a cooling water inlet of the condenser through a circulating pump, is used as condensed water required by the condenser in the absorption refrigeration cycle process, is subjected to heat exchange with water vapor from the generator, is increased in temperature, is discharged from a cooling water outlet of the condenser, enters the absorber from a cooling water inlet of the absorber 14, and is discharged from a cooling water outlet of the absorber, and then returns to the circulating water cooling tower for cooling and recycling. The refrigerant water of the fan coil 20 is discharged from the refrigerant water outlet to enter the evaporator 15, and enters the evaporator from the refrigerant water inlet of the evaporator 15, when the medium-temperature water in the evaporator is rapidly expanded and is vaporized into water vapor again, the heat of the refrigerant water can be greatly absorbed, so that the temperature of the refrigerant water is reduced, the refrigerant water with the reduced temperature is taken as a carrier, the refrigerant water is discharged from the refrigerant water outlet of the evaporator, the refrigerant water is returned to the fan coil 20 from the refrigerant water inlet of the fan coil 20, and heat exchange is carried out between the fan coil 20 and indoor air, so that the indoor temperature of a building is reduced.
In this embodiment, the fan coil 20 is further provided with a second refrigerant water inlet and a second refrigerant water outlet, the second refrigerant water outlet of the fan coil 20 is connected with the second heat exchange inlet of the first heat exchanger 22 through a pipeline, and the second heat exchange outlet of the first heat exchanger 22 is connected with the second refrigerant water inlet of the fan coil 20 through a pipeline; a pipeline connecting a refrigerant water outlet of the evaporator 15 with a refrigerant water first inlet of the fan coil 20, a pipeline connecting a refrigerant water first outlet of the fan coil 20 with a refrigerant water inlet of the evaporator 15, a pipeline connecting a refrigerant water second outlet of the fan coil 20 with a second heat exchange inlet of the first heat exchanger 22, and a pipeline connecting a second heat exchange outlet of the first heat exchanger 22 with a refrigerant water second inlet of the fan coil 20 are all provided with switch valves.
Thus, the fan coil 20 can complete the function conversion of cooling or heating through the control of the switch valve. Specifically, a pipeline connecting a refrigerant water outlet of the evaporator 15 and a refrigerant water first inlet of the fan coil 20, a pipeline connecting a refrigerant water first outlet of the fan coil and a refrigerant water inlet of the evaporator are closed, a pipeline connecting a refrigerant water second outlet of the fan coil and a first heat exchanger second heat exchange inlet and a pipeline connecting a second heat exchange outlet of the first heat exchanger and a refrigerant water second inlet of the fan coil are opened to complete heat supply, and refrigeration can be completed on the contrary. The household requirement can be completed through one fan coil, so that the installation space can be saved.
Furthermore, a three-way diverter valve 21 is further arranged on a pipeline connecting a second heat exchange outlet of the first heat exchanger 22 and a second refrigerant water inlet of the fan coil 20, and the three-way diverter valve 21 is used for dividing hot water heated by the first heat exchanger 22 into two paths, wherein one path provides sanitary hot water and the other path enters the fan coil for heating.
Claims (6)
1. A two-stage heat accumulating type household solar energy utilization system comprises a solar heat collecting unit and a solar energy utilization unit, wherein the solar heat collecting unit comprises a solar heat collecting device, a heat exchange medium pipeline (3) for heat collection is arranged in the solar heat collecting device, and the solar energy utilization unit comprises a first heat exchanger (22); the heat exchange medium pipeline (3) for heat collection is communicated with the first heat exchanger (22), heat exchange is carried out between the heat exchange medium flowing through the heat exchange medium pipeline (3) for heat collection and the household water in the first heat exchanger (22), the heat recovery device is characterized by further comprising a second-stage heat storage unit, the second-stage heat storage unit comprises a heat absorption reactor (4), an outlet for second-stage heat storage is arranged in the middle of the heat exchange medium pipeline (3) for heat collection, a second-stage circulation pipeline is arranged between the outlet for second-stage heat storage and the inlet of the heat exchange medium pipeline (3) for heat collection, the second-stage circulation pipeline is provided with a part which is positioned in the heat absorption reactor (4) and supplies heat for the heat absorption reactor, a gas outlet of the heat absorption reactor (4) is connected with a reactant inlet of the rectifying tower (5) through a pipeline, a reflux outlet of the rectifying tower (5) is connected with a reaction raw material inlet of the heat absorption reactor (4) through a pipeline, an outlet of the first condenser (6) is connected with an inlet of the gas-liquid separator (8) through a pipeline, a gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator (8) is connected with a gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank (11) through a pipeline, a liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator (8) is connected with a liquid inlet of the liquid storage tank (10) through a pipeline, a gas outlet of the hydrogen storage tank (11) and a liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank (10) are both connected with a reaction raw material inlet of the exothermic reactor (12) through pipelines, an ignition device is arranged in the exothermic reactor (12), a reactant outlet of the exothermic reactor (12) is connected with a reactant inlet of the rectifying tower (5) through a pipeline, and a pipeline for connecting an outlet of the heat-exchange medium pipeline (3) for heat collection with the first heat exchanger (22) is provided with a part which is positioned in the exothermic reactor (12) for;
still be equipped with product diverging device (7) between first condenser (6) and vapour and liquid separator (8), the export of first condenser (6) passes through the pipeline with the entry of product diverging device (7) and links to each other, and the first export of product diverging device (7) passes through the pipeline with vapour and liquid separator (8) entry and links to each other, and the second export of product diverging device (7) passes through the pipeline with the reaction raw materials entry of exothermic reactor (12) and links to each other.
2. The two-stage heat accumulating type household solar energy utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the solar heat collecting device further comprises a heat exchange medium storage tank (1) and a parabolic trough type heat collector (2), the heat exchange medium storage tank (1), a heat exchange medium pipeline (3) for heat collection and a first heat exchanger (22) form a primary circulation pipeline through pipelines, wherein an outlet of the heat exchange medium storage tank (1) is connected with an inlet of the heat exchange medium pipeline (3) for heat collection through a pipeline, an outlet of the heat exchange medium pipeline (3) for heat collection is connected with a first heat exchange inlet of the first heat exchanger (22) through a pipeline, a first heat exchange outlet of the first heat exchanger (22) is connected with an inlet of the heat exchange medium storage tank (1) through a pipeline, one end of the pipeline extending into the endothermic reactor (4) in the secondary circulation pipeline is connected with an outlet for secondary heat accumulation, and the other end of the pipeline is connected with an inlet of the heat exchange medium, and the parabolic trough type heat collector (2) is axially arranged along the heat exchange medium pipeline (3) for heat collection, so that the parabolic trough type heat collector (2) can focus the reflected sunlight to the heat exchange medium pipeline (3).
3. A two-stage regenerative domestic solar energy utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen storage tank (11) is a metal hydride reactor.
4. The secondary heat accumulating type household solar energy utilization system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a second heat exchanger (9), wherein the second outlet of the product diversion device (7), the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage tank (11) and the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank (10) are all connected with the first heat exchange inlet of the second heat exchanger (9) through pipelines, the first heat exchange outlet of the second heat exchanger (9) is connected with the reactant inlet of the exothermic reactor (12) through pipelines, the reactant outlet of the exothermic reactor (12) is connected with the second heat exchange inlet of the second heat exchanger (9) through pipelines, and the second heat exchange outlet of the second heat exchanger (9) is connected with the reactant inlet of the rectifying tower (5) through pipelines.
5. The secondary heat accumulating type household solar energy utilization system as claimed in claim 1 or 4, wherein the solar energy utilization unit further comprises an absorption type cold circulation unit, the absorption type cold circulation unit comprises a generator (13), a part of the pipeline between the outlet of the heat collecting heat exchange medium pipeline (3) and the first heat exchanger (22) extends into the generator (13) to supply heat to the generator, a part of the pipeline extending into the generator (13) to supply heat is positioned at the rear end of a part of the pipeline extending into the exothermic reactor (12) to absorb heat, the water solution outlet of the generator (13) is connected with the water solution inlet of the absorber (14) through a pipeline, the water solution outlet of the absorber (14) is connected with the inlet pipeline of the solution pump, and the outlet of the solution pump is connected with the water solution inlet pipeline of the generator (13); a water vapor outlet of the generator (13) is connected with a water vapor inlet pipeline of a second condenser (17), a medium-temperature water outlet of the second condenser (17) is connected with an inlet pipeline of a throttle valve (16), an outlet of the throttle valve (16) is connected with an inlet pipeline of an evaporator (15), and a water vapor outlet of the evaporator (15) is connected with a water vapor inlet pipeline of an absorber (14); the water outlet of the circulating water cooling tower (19) is connected with the inlet pipeline of the circulating water pump (18), the outlet of the circulating water pump (18) is connected with the cooling water inlet pipeline of the second condenser (17), the cooling water outlet of the second condenser (17) is connected with the cooling water inlet pipeline of the absorber (14), and the cooling water outlet of the absorber (14) is connected with the water inlet pipeline of the circulating water cooling tower (19); the refrigerant water outlet of the evaporator (15) is connected with the first refrigerant water inlet of the fan coil (20) through a pipeline, and the first refrigerant water outlet of the fan coil (20) is connected with the refrigerant water inlet of the evaporator (15) through a pipeline.
6. The two-stage heat accumulating type household solar energy utilization system as claimed in claim 5, wherein a second inlet and a second outlet of refrigerant water are further arranged on the fan coil (20), the second outlet of refrigerant water of the fan coil (20) is connected with the second heat exchange inlet of the first heat exchanger (22) through a pipeline, and the second heat exchange outlet of the first heat exchanger (22) is connected with the second inlet of refrigerant water of the fan coil (20) through a pipeline; a pipeline for connecting a refrigerant water outlet of the evaporator (15) with a refrigerant water first inlet of the fan coil (20), a pipeline for connecting a refrigerant water first outlet of the fan coil (20) with a refrigerant water inlet of the evaporator (15), a pipeline for connecting a refrigerant water second outlet of the fan coil (20) with a second heat exchange inlet of the first heat exchanger (22), and a pipeline for connecting a second heat exchange outlet of the first heat exchanger (22) with a refrigerant water second inlet of the fan coil (20) are all provided with switch valves.
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| WO2021181513A1 (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2021-09-16 | Ａｔｓジャパン株式会社 | Refrigerant control system and refrigeration system |
| CN113669942B (en) * | 2021-07-24 | 2023-02-24 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Multistage series heat storage system based on chemical upgrading and heat storage |
| CN113691218B (en) * | 2021-07-24 | 2023-05-26 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Photovoltaic thermoelectric generation combined energy storage system with chemical quality improvement and heat storage functions |
| CN113686187B (en) * | 2021-07-24 | 2023-07-04 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Low-temperature waste heat enthalpy-increasing heat storage system based on chemical quality improvement and heat storage |
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