CN108142267A - Quickly screen the sand culture method of low cadmium seed rice varieties - Google Patents
Quickly screen the sand culture method of low cadmium seed rice varieties Download PDFInfo
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- CN108142267A CN108142267A CN201810119288.2A CN201810119288A CN108142267A CN 108142267 A CN108142267 A CN 108142267A CN 201810119288 A CN201810119288 A CN 201810119288A CN 108142267 A CN108142267 A CN 108142267A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparations for the sand culture method, first culture medium river sand for quickly screening low cadmium seed rice varieties；The river sand of 20~40 mesh sizes is acquired, clear water washing is that 3.8%HCl solution impregnates 30min with mass concentration, and tap water rinses, and last time cleaning solution is taken to carry out cadmium content detection, when cadmium content is less than 0.001mg/L, is tested available for rice cropping；Then 1.0mg/L, 0.5mg/L, 0.2mg/L cadmium concentration sand culture liquid are prepared；Finally rice varieties to be screened are planted respectively in cultivating in bucket, each bucket of cultivating inserts 24 root and stem of certain plants, and per 1 seedling of the root and stem of certain plants, conventional fertilizer application is cultivated；Irrigation water is no cadmium pollution water；During rice maturation, rice paddy seed is harvested, rice varieties of the rice cadmium content less than 0.2mg/kg are low cadmium seed rice varieties, can be further used for field experiment.Experimental error is small, reproducible, and as a result science is reliable, does not influence the biological yield of rice.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rice cultivating technical fields, are related to a kind of sand culture side for quickly screening low cadmium seed rice varieties
Method.
Background technology
Cadmium (Cadmium, Cd) is one of contaminated most common heavy metal in China farmland.It is counted according to the Ministry of Agriculture, China surpasses
10% arable land is crossed by cadmium pollution (being more than 0.3mg/Kg), the grain of the heavy metal pollutions such as annual cadmium is up to 12,000,000 tons.Cadmium is dirty
Dye enters human body by food chain, and long-term consumption can seriously endanger human health or even cause " Itai-itai diseases ".
Hunan is the township of " non-ferrous metal ", and the cadmium content of 31 batches of sampling observation of Guangdong Province's food peace office cloth in 2013 is exceeded
Rice in, there are 14 batches to come from Hunan, cadmium content is differed from per kilogram 0.26mg to 0.93mg.It is existing in face of this sternness
Real problem is badly in need of solving that rice cadmium is exceeded to ask from many-sided resultant force that formed such as soil remediation, cultivation technique update, breed improvement
Topic.
Research shows that there are kind/strains of seed Cd accumulation significant difference in existing Rice Germplasm Resources.Therefore,
It is an effective way for improving the safety in production of China's rice to screen and excavate the significant lower rice varieties of seed Cd accumulation.
So far, domestic scholars are generally using field or the low cadmium rice varieties of water culture screening seed, but due to soil
In effective cadmium and absorption cadmium distribution it is extremely uneven, contaminated area irrigation water cadmium content, the varied etc. of pH value give experimental result
Large error is brought, experimental repeatability is very poor；And water culture method is cumbersome, complicated for operation, in addition water planting cannot preferably fix water
Rice seriously affects the growth and development of rice.Therefore, there are no establish the low cadmium water of a set of ideal screening seed so far
The method of rice varieties can not realize the authentic assessment of the suction cadmium level to different rice varieties under different cadmium content backgrounds, sternly
Important place constrains quick screening cadmium rice varieties/strain low with brown rice is excavated.
Invention content
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of sand culture method for quickly screening low cadmium seed rice varieties, passes through
The Cd concentration of brown rice for being planted in the different rice varieties in certain cadmium concentration river sand medium is analyzed, realizes that different rice varieties exist
The authentic assessment of suction cadmium level under different cadmium contents, Rapid identification go out suitable in the low cadmium rice product of cadmium pollution paddy field cultivation
Kind.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a kind of sand culture method for quickly screening low cadmium seed rice varieties, according to
Following steps carry out：
Step 1, the preparation of culture medium-river sand；
The river sand of 20~40 mesh sizes is acquired in pollution-free limpid river, acquisition is carried out into river sand and is first washed 2-3 times with clear water,
Then it is that 3.8%HCl solution impregnates 30min with mass concentration, when immersion keeps stirring river sand, and hydrochloric acid is made fully to be connect with river sand
It touches, is rinsed 3-5 times with tap water after removing hydrochloric acid, last time cleaning solution is taken to carry out cadmium content detection, cadmium content is less than
During 0.001mg/L, tested available for rice cropping；After the river sand cleaned up dries, it is dispensed into spare in cultivation bucket；
Step 2, certain cadmium concentration and the sand culture liquid of pH value are prepared；
Prepare the different cadmium concentration sand culture liquid of tri- kinds of 1.0mg/L, 0.5mg/L, 0.2mg/L；
Step 3, the cultivation and management of rice；
1) rice varieties to be screened are planted respectively in above-mentioned cultivation bucket, each bucket of cultivating inserts the 2-4 root and stem of certain plants, per 1 seedling of the root and stem of certain plants, by normal
It is cultivated under rule Fertilization Level and planting environment；
2) irrigation water of rice-cultivating be reach standard for drinking without cadmium pollution water, fallen within 7 days before ripe dry；
The rice varieties of detection repeat to cultivate in three batches；
Step 4, the identification and analysis of low cadmium seed rice varieties；
During rice maturation, rice paddy seed is harvested, rice paddy seed must be dried or be dried with 37 DEG C of baking oven, be surveyed respectively after decladding
Determine rice cadmium content, rice varieties of the rice cadmium content less than 0.2mg/kg are low cadmium seed rice varieties, can be further used for
Field experiment.
Further, in the step 1, content of beary metal is higher and is not easy the river sand cleaned up, selects 0.1mM's
EDTA solution impregnates 30min, and when immersion keeps stirring river sand, and soak is made to be come into full contact with river sand, goes after soak with oneself
Water is rinsed 3-5 times, can thoroughly be removed the heavy metal ion for remaining in river sand surface clean.
Further, in the step 2, pH value=7.0 of sand culture liquid is adjusted with sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, are planted for rice
Training.
Further, the of the step 3 is 2) in step, 3-5 centimetres of rice-cultivating time of infertility waterflooding.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, the cadmium concentration that sets of the present invention is 1.0, and the sand culture condition of pH value=7.5 can be realized quickly to different seed cadmiums product
The evaluation of tired rice varieties.Compared with low cadmium seed rice varieties method being screened with the earth culture method used at present, the invention avoids
Complexity, uncontrollability and the concentration of cadmium ions of soil environment condition are unevenly distributed, and experimental error is small, reproducible, as a result
Science is reliable；Compared with screening low cadmium seed rice varieties method with water culture, daily management of the present invention is convenient, easy to operate, saves
The experiment flow for having gone culture solution preparation, replacement etc. cumbersome, and reduce rice during water planting and cannot fix and culture solution
Replacement etc. is to the adverse effect of paddy growth and development, it is ensured that the biological yield of rice is not changed, and makes experimental data more
Close to the actual production and application that meet rice.
2nd, set the high, medium and low three kinds of screening conditions of cadmium concentration, it is ensured that the kind selected under various cadmium pollution degree all
Performance is good, further ensures that the reliability of experimental data.
3rd, in sand culture liquid of the present invention other than adding cadmium element, other heavy metal elements such as arsenic, chromium can also be added, it can be with
The quicker method and condition standards system for establishing other heavy metal elements such as the low arsenic of rice grain.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art's all other embodiments obtained without making creative work, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
A kind of sand culture method for quickly screening low cadmium seed rice varieties, follows the steps below：
Step 1, the preparation of culture medium-river sand；
1) river sand of 20~40 mesh sizes is acquired in pollution-free limpid river, acquisition is carried out into river sand and first washs 2-3 with clear water
It is secondary, it is then that 3.8%HCl solution impregnates 30min with mass concentration, when immersion keeps stirring river sand, makes hydrochloric acid fully and river sand
Contact is rinsed 3-5 times with tap water (or without cadmium pollution clear water) after removing hydrochloric acid, last time cleaning solution is taken to carry out cadmium a little and is contained
Amount detection when cadmium content is less than 0.001mg/L, is tested available for rice cropping；As content of beary metal is higher and easy cleaning is not done
Net river sand can select to impregnate 30min using the EDTA solution of 0.1mM, and when immersion keeps stirring river sand, makes soak and river
Sand comes into full contact with, and is rinsed 3-5 times with tap water (or pollution-free clear water) after removing soak, can will remain in river sand surface
Heavy metal ion is thoroughly removed clean.
Wherein, river sand set-up procedure is as follows：The acquisition of river sand is selected as far as possible in pollution-free limpid river, river sand
Grain is of moderate size, and more heavy metal and not easy-clear, and river sand have been adhered to for 20~40 mesh or so size, too thin river sand
Meticulous gas permeability is bad, and ion concentration distribution unevenness is easy to cause when adding solution, and river sand slightly can then lead to sand culture medium excessively
Solid water poor performance, the readily volatilized dehydration of sand culture liquid.
2) it after the river sand cleaned up dries, is dispensed into spare in cultivation bucket.
Step 2, certain cadmium concentration and the sand culture liquid of pH value are prepared；
Prepare the different cadmium concentration sand culture liquid of high, medium and low three kinds of 1.0mg/L, 0.5mg/L, 0.2mg/L；With sodium hydroxide or
Hydrochloric acid tune sand culture liquid pH value=7.0, for rice cropping.
Step 3, the cultivation and management of rice；
1) rice varieties to be screened are planted respectively in above-mentioned cultivation bucket, each bucket of cultivating inserts the 2-4 root and stem of certain plants, per 1 seedling of the root and stem of certain plants, by normal
It is cultivated under rule Fertilization Level and planting environment.
2) irrigation water of rice-cultivating be reach standard for drinking without cadmium pollution water, and 3-5 centimetres of time of infertility waterflooding, into
It falls within ripe first 7 days dry.
The rice varieties detected above repeat to cultivate in three batches.
Step 4, the identification and analysis of low cadmium seed rice varieties；
During rice maturation, rice paddy seed is harvested, the rice paddy seed of harvest must dry (or being dried with 37 DEG C of baking oven), go
Rice cadmium content is measured after shell respectively.Rice varieties of the rice cadmium content less than 0.2mg/kg are low cadmium seed rice varieties, can
It is further used for field experiment.
It, can the present invention also provides rice varieties aerial part and under ground portion cadmium content to be screened is measured using the above method
Further screen the rice varieties of the low cadmium content of seed and aerial part high cadmium content.
Embodiment 1
The cadmium concentration sand culture liquid of setting pH value=7.0,0.2mg/kg, 0.5mg/kg, 1.0mg/kg, respectively to Hunan evening Xian 12
Number, G283 and Huang Hua Zhansan kind rice varieties under the conditions of sand culture seed cadmium content analysis.
(1) cadmium concentration for preparing 0.2mg/kg, 0.5mg/kg, 1.0mg/kg respectively with the cadmium concentration mother liquor of 100mg/L is husky
Liquid is trained, for rice cropping.
(2) pH value=7.0 of sand culture liquid are debugged, are respectively to cadmium concentration by rice varieties shoot transplanting equipment to be screened respectively
In the sand culture medium culture bucket of 0.2mg/kg, 0.5mg/kg, 1.0mg/kg, each kind inserts 4 root and stem of certain plants in each cultivation bucket, per the root and stem of certain plants
One seedling repeats 3 groups.
(3) irrigation water of rice-cultivating be reach standard for drinking without cadmium pollution water.
(4) using conventional N, P, K Fertilization Level rice-cultivating, conventional N, P, K chemical fertilizer of the fertilizer type for no cadmium pollution.
(5) graded kind harvests rice paddy seed after rice maturation, rice cadmium content is measured after decladding, as a result as shown in Table 1.
Under the conditions of table one, different cadmium concentrations, the analysis of sand culture rice varieties seed cadmium content
Table one shows：1. different rice varieties are under the conditions of same cadmium concentration, seed cadmium content tool difference, wherein low cadmium product
Kind Hunan evening Xian 12 is substantially less than cadmium rice varieties G283 and Huang Huazhan two high；2. as the cadmium concentration in sand culture medium increases
Add, the seed cadmium content of three kinds of rice varieties also increases；3. in pH value=7.0, under the conditions of cadmium concentration is 1.0mg/kg, two kinds of height
It is respectively 0.216mg/kg and 0.24mg/kg that cadmium rice varieties G283 and Huang Hua, which account for cadmium content, has been more than national standard, and low
No. 12 seed cadmium contents of cadmium seed rice varieties Hunan evening Xian are 0.160mg/kg, still conform to state specified standards.
Embodiment 2
PH value=7.0, cadmium concentration=1.0mg/kg, respectively to Hunan evening Xian 12, G283 and Huang Hua Zhansan kind rice are set
Seed cadmium content analysis of the kind under the conditions of sand culture, water planting and earth culture.
(1) it with cadmium concentration sand culture liquid, water planting liquid and the liquid soil of the cadmium concentration mother liquor 1.0mg/kg of 100mg/L, uses
In rice cropping.
(2) pH value=7.0 are debugged, respectively by sand of the rice varieties shoot transplanting equipment to be screened to cadmium concentration for 1.0mg/kg
In training, earth culture and water planting medium culture bucket, each kind inserts 2 root and stem of certain plants in each cultivation bucket, per one seedling of the root and stem of certain plants, repeats 3 groups.
(3) sand culture, earth culture rice-cultivating irrigation water be reach standard for drinking without cadmium pollution water, and using conventional N,
P, K Fertilization Levels rice-cultivating, conventional N, P, K chemical fertilizer of the fertilizer type for no cadmium pollution.
(4) water planting liquid is prepared with no cadmium tap water, cadmium concentration is all added when preparing every time to 1.0mg/kg, and each two
Week replaces a water planting liquid.
(5) Seed-Setting Percentage in Rice is observed, the bucket under the conditions of earth culture and sand culture carries Seed-Setting Percentage in Rice and field rice setting percentage phase
When, and the Seed-Setting Percentage in Rice under the conditions of water planting is substantially less than normal field rice setting percentage.
(6) during rice maturation, graded kind harvest rice paddy seed measures rice cadmium content after decladding.It the results are shown in Table two.
Under table two, different condition of culture, the analysis of rice varieties seed cadmium content
Table two shows different rice varieties under the conditions of sand culture, and seed cadmium content measurement result is reproducible, three kinds of identifications
The coefficient of variation (CV) of rice is less than 5%；Under the conditions of earth culture, seed cadmium content measurement result repeatability is very poor, three kinds of identifications
The coefficient of variation (CV) of rice is more than 15%；Under the conditions of water planting, preferably, three kinds are identified seed cadmium content measurement result repeatability
The coefficient of variation (CV) of rice is less than 10%, but setting percentage is extremely low, only 45% under normal condition, and seed cadmium content is all
The seed cadmium content being apparently higher than under the conditions of sand culture and earth culture, the reason is that when replacing culture solution every time, the cadmium concentration of addition is all
1.0mg/kg correspondingly increases total cadmium content of culture medium.
In conclusion being culture medium using river sand, it can simple and direct, quickly and accurately detect low cadmium rice varieties, be
A kind of method for effectively screening low cadmium rice varieties.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so within the spirit and principles in the present invention, are all contained in protection scope of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. sand culture method for quickly screening low cadmium seed rice varieties, which is characterized in that follow the steps below：Step 1, the preparation of culture medium-river sand；The river sand of 20~40 mesh sizes is acquired in pollution-free limpid river, acquisition is carried out into river sand and is first washed 2-3 times with clear water, then It is that 3.8%HCl solution impregnates 30min with mass concentration, when immersion keeps stirring river sand, hydrochloric acid is made fully to be contacted with river sand, It is rinsed 3-5 times with tap water after removing hydrochloric acid, last time cleaning solution is taken to carry out cadmium content detection, cadmium content is less than 0.001mg/L When, it is tested available for rice cropping；After the river sand cleaned up dries, it is dispensed into spare in cultivation bucket；Step 2, certain cadmium concentration and the sand culture liquid of pH value are prepared；Prepare the different cadmium concentration sand culture liquid of tri- kinds of 1.0mg/L, 0.5mg/L, 0.2mg/L；Step 3, the cultivation and management of rice；1) rice varieties to be screened are planted respectively in above-mentioned cultivation bucket, each bucket of cultivating inserts the 2-4 root and stem of certain plants, per 1 seedling of the root and stem of certain plants, routinely applies It is cultivated under the gentle planting environment of rich water；2) irrigation water of rice-cultivating be reach standard for drinking without cadmium pollution water, fallen within 7 days before ripe dry；The rice varieties of detection repeat to cultivate in three batches；Step 4, the identification and analysis of low cadmium seed rice varieties；During rice maturation, rice paddy seed is harvested, rice paddy seed must be dried or be dried with 37 DEG C of baking oven, be measured respectively after decladding big Rice cadmium content, rice varieties of the rice cadmium content less than 0.2mg/kg are low cadmium seed rice varieties, can be further used for field Experiment.
- 2. the sand culture method according to claim 1 for quickly screening low cadmium seed rice varieties, which is characterized in that the step In rapid 1, content of beary metal is higher and is not easy the river sand cleaned up, the EDTA solution of 0.1mM is selected to impregnate 30min, during immersion River sand is kept stirring, soak is made to be come into full contact with river sand, is rinsed 3-5 times, can will be remained in tap water after removing soak The heavy metal ion on river sand surface is thoroughly removed clean.
- 3. the sand culture method according to claim 1 for quickly screening low cadmium seed rice varieties, which is characterized in that the step In rapid 2, pH value=7.0 of sand culture liquid are adjusted with sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, for rice cropping.
- 4. the sand culture method according to claim 1 for quickly screening low cadmium seed rice varieties, which is characterized in that the step The of rapid 3 is 2) in step, 3-5 centimetres of rice-cultivating time of infertility waterflooding.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108931614A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-04 | 湖南隆平高科种业科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of crop heavy metal characteristic of accumulation identification systems |
| CN109348881A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-19 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A kind of method and device based on sand culture processing measurement plant heavy metal tolerance |
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| CN106105926A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-16 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of reduce rice grain cadmium content under high concentration cadmium pollution execute silicon method |
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| CN103766182A (en) * | 2013-10-20 | 2014-05-07 | 湘潭顺天农业科技开发有限公司 | Rice cultivation method for effectively reducing cadmium content of unhulled rice |
| CN103891609A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-07-02 | 湖南师范大学 | Low-cadmium-in-seed rice dual-purpose sterile line screening method |
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| CN108931614A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-04 | 湖南隆平高科种业科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of crop heavy metal characteristic of accumulation identification systems |
| CN108931614B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2021-03-23 | 湖南隆平高科种业科学研究院有限公司 | Crop heavy metal accumulation characteristic identification system |
| CN109348881A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-19 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A kind of method and device based on sand culture processing measurement plant heavy metal tolerance |
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