CN108106460A - The cooling system and method for a kind of coal directly-liquefied residue - Google Patents
The cooling system and method for a kind of coal directly-liquefied residue Download PDFInfo
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- CN108106460A CN108106460A CN201611043280.XA CN201611043280A CN108106460A CN 108106460 A CN108106460 A CN 108106460A CN 201611043280 A CN201611043280 A CN 201611043280A CN 108106460 A CN108106460 A CN 108106460A
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- cooling
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- vacuum bottoms
- cooler
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/08—Tubular elements crimped or corrugated in longitudinal section
Abstract
The present invention relates to coal manufacture field, the cooling system and method for a kind of coal directly-liquefied residue are disclosed, which includes：First cooling unit, first cooling unit from the vacuum bottoms of the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM of DCL/Direct coal liquefaction for that will carry out the first cooling, and first cooling by vacuum bottoms by being introduced in mechanical piston jacket type cooler to carry out with cooling medium mediate contact therein；Second cooling unit, for that will carry out the second cooling through the described first vacuum bottoms after cooling, second cooling directly or indirectly contacts to carry out second cooling unit by that will be introduced in gas cooler through the described first vacuum bottoms after cooling with cooling medium therein.By using the cooling system and cooling means of the foregoing coal directly-liquefied residue of the present invention, the consumption of the public works such as cooling water can be largely reduced, there is significant energy-saving and water-saving effect.Moreover, the method for the present invention can avoid the generation of industrial wastewater.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal manufacture fields, and in particular, to a kind of cooling system of coal directly-liquefied residue and a kind of coal
The cooling means of direct liquefaction residue.
Background technology
In coal direct liquefaction engineering, coal largely generated after being hydrogenated in direct liquefaction reactor Fraction distribution compared with
Wide liquid oil, a small amount of gas and water etc., the heavier oil of other fractions and all solids material include urging in raw material coal
Ash content (inorganic mineral), unreacted coal in agent, coal etc. carry out separation of solid and liquid through vacuum distillation, including solvent composition
Heavier oil distillates outside from vacuum tower side line and tower top with boiling range, and heavier mink cell focus and bitumen (mainly drips
Blue or green alkene and preasphaltene) it is discharged with all solids substance from VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM, this moieties (being commonly called as coal liquefaction residue) is through cold
But the principal by product after, curing as coal liquefaction；The yield of coal liquefaction residue accounts for 30wt% of feed coal charging or so.
The process unit of coal direct liquefaction factory direct liquefaction unit can functionally be divided into three systems：It is prepared by coal slurry
(coal direct liquefaction technique and engineering are relaxed Wu Xiuzhang, for system, liquefaction reaction system, oil product separation and liquefied residue formation system
Song is flat, Li Kejian, Xie Shunmin, and 2015, Science Press, 689-710).Coal hydroliquefaction residue formation system is will be by coal
Liquefying plant unit come about 323 DEG C, the liquid dregs of fat of 1.2MPa enter 14 dregs of fat forming machines with about 82t/h by pipeline.
This 14 dregs of fat forming machines are cooled down using single steel band, and under nominal situation, the liquid dregs of fat are uniformly fallen by head feeding device in steel
Belt surface；Recirculated water is sprayed at the steel band back side, cools down the dregs of fat indirectly.In steel band operational process, direct liquefaction residue temperature is gradual
The chip solid that softening point is cured as 3-5mm thickness is reduced and crossed over, is broken for not by the breaker of device afterbody
Regular sheet falls into belt conveyor by pants pipe, belt conveyor totally two, and one to open one standby.
As can be seen that current direct liquefaction device liquefied residue formation system passes through in steel band from process above flow
Lower surface sprinkling cooling water cool down to direct liquefaction residue, and direct liquefaction residue from coal liquification device unit come when temperature
About 323 DEG C, the waste heat contained is high temperature position waste heat, and cooled water is taken away；Simultaneously as direct liquefaction device liquid
It is about 82t/h to change residue treatment amount, and feeding temperature is high, and cooling water evaporates after being heated by High-temperature Liquefaction residue to be lost in air,
Cause a large amount of wastes of factory's cooling water water resource；In addition, during liquefied residue is cooled water mediate contact cooling, it is cold
But water is inevitably contacted directly with liquefied residue, and cooling water is caused to be liquefied organic pollution in residue, and factory is subsequent
Sewage disposal system treating capacity increases, and further results in the waste of energy and the reduction of economic benefit.
A main problem of the direct liquefaction residue during utilization is：Its performance of high viscosity under certain temperature section
Conveying equipment is made usually to block, influences continuously to run.[Nakagama T, the Sugiyama I, Sakawa such as Nakagama T
M.Fluidity of coal liquefaction residue[J].Journal of Japan Institution of
Energy, 1993,72 (10):977.] think, content of ashes has its stickiness with carbon content the significant shadow of comparison in liquefied residue
It rings.Chen Mingbo etc. [Chen Mingbo, Wang Bin, Zhao Qi wait coal directly-liquefied residues coking character to study [J] clean coal technologies,
2005,11 (1):29-33] it is incorporated in Shenhua Coal Liquefaction Residue after 40 weight % raw coal, mixture coheres coefficient still 70
More than.Hero is appointed to wait, and [hero, Wei Anling, Zhang Dexiang wait rheological behavior research [J] turning sludge into fuel of Coal Liquefaction residues
Learn journal, 2007,35 (3):262-267] carry out the experiment of liquefied residue rheological characteristic, it is believed that and direct liquefaction residue belongs to shearing and becomes
Dilute non newtonian pseudoplastic fluid, non-newtonian index n are to raise and reduce with temperature, that is to say, that direct liquefaction under high temperature
The property of residue is close to Newtonian fluid.Under low temperature section, the apparent viscosity of direct liquefaction residue is very sensitive to temperature, with temperature
It spends rise and fall quickly, does not occur viscosity peak in temperature-rise period, major influence factors are solid contents.
CN102399564A discloses a kind of system and method for handling coal directly-liquefied residue, the method for the prior art
The advantages of cyclone separator is compact-sized, simple, cost of investment is low, easy to operate, reliability is high is taken full advantage of, by eddy flow point
From the pre-treatment as press filtration and secondary filter, separation and the operating characteristics of filter are substantially increased, realizes liquefied residue
The separation of middle liquefaction oil, bitumen and solid phase residue, convenient for subsequently being made full use of to the resource.
CN104845652A discloses a kind of processing method of coal directly-liquefied residue, and this method is using extractant to coal
Direct liquefaction residue is extracted, and obtains extraction mixture；To extraction mixture using three-level separation of solid and liquid, level-one is respectively obtained
Pitch, two level pitch and three-level pitch.Three kinds of asphaltic productses can be employed in different occasions when with different physical property.
This can either be avoided because proposing non-of high cost, the insufficient problem of separation for distillating liquefaction oil and bitumen and bringing respectively, also
It is capable of providing application demand and prepares specific asphaltic products.So as to significantly improve coal on the premise of production cost is reduced
Pitch add on yield value in liquefied residue makes coal liquefaction residue obtain comprehensive sufficiently recycling.
CN105087058A discloses the separation method and piece-rate system of a kind of coal liquefaction residue, is related at coal chemical industry residue
Reason field, solves the problems, such as continuous operation, and method comprises the following steps：Coal liquefaction residue and extractant are mixed
It closes, forms extraction mixture；First filter process is passed through the extraction mixture into first filter, obtains filtrate and filter
Cake；Second filter process is passed through the extraction mixture into the second filter, obtains filtrate and filter cake；First removes filter cake mistake
Journey removes the filter cake in first filter；Second removes filter cake process, removes the filter cake in the second filter；By the filtrate into
Row distillation obtains the mixture of mink cell focus and asphalitine and recycling extractant；At the end of first filter process, described
Two filter processes start；At the end of second filter process, first filter process starts.
The above-mentioned prior art is the processing system or method of liquefied residue, for how recycling liquefied residue waste heat side
Face not yet someone study, therefore, it is necessary to provide a kind of waste heat recovery for liquefied residue provide more it is energy saving and economical
The method or system of benefit.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of waste heat recoveries for liquefied residue to provide more energy saving and economic benefits
Method.
More specifically, the purpose of the present invention is overcome the method for the prior art can not solve how will arranged by VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM
The defects of the problem of residue gone out reduces energy consumption during being cooled and shaped, provides a kind of residue cooling that can largely recycle high temperature
The heat discharged in the process, and significantly decrease the consumption of cooling water and avoid generating the direct liquid of coal of pollutant effluents
Change the cooling system and method for residue.
To achieve these goals, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of cooling system of coal directly-liquefied residue, this is
System includes：
First cooling unit, first cooling unit include mechanical piston jacket type cooler, first cooling unit
For that will carry out the first cooling from the vacuum bottoms of the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM of DCL/Direct coal liquefaction, first cooling is residual by that will depressurize
Slag be introduced in the mechanical piston jacket type cooler in the first cooling unit with it is therein cooling medium mediate contact and into
Row；And
Second cooling unit, second cooling unit include gas cooler, and second cooling unit is used for will be through institute
It states the first vacuum bottoms after cooling and carries out the second cooling, second cooling passes through will be residual through the described first decompression after cooling
It is carried out in the gas cooler that slag is introduced in the second cooling unit with directly or indirectly being contacted with cooling medium therein.
Second aspect, the present invention provide a kind of cooling means of coal directly-liquefied residue, and this method includes：
(1) vacuum bottoms of the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM from DCL/Direct coal liquefaction are introduced to including mechanical piston jacket type cooler
The first cooling unit in carry out first and be cooled to the first temperature, first cooling is by cold by vacuum bottoms and described first
But the cooling medium mediate contact in the mechanical piston jacket type cooler in unit and carry out, first temperature is less than described
The solidification temperature of vacuum bottoms and higher than 110 DEG C；
(2) by through the described first vacuum bottoms after cooling be introduced in the second cooling unit containing gas cooler into
Row second is cooled to second temperature, and second cooling passes through will be cold through the described first vacuum bottoms after cooling and described second
But the cooling medium mediate contact in the gas cooler in unit and carry out, the second temperature be less than 80 DEG C.
Under preferable case, first cooling unit further comprises screw sleeve type heat exchanger, the screw sleeve type
Heat exchanger is arranged on the upstream of the mechanical piston jacket type cooler so that the decompression of the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM from DCL/Direct coal liquefaction
Residue into be introduced into screw sleeve type heat exchanger after first cooling unit carry out cooling A be cooled to 210 DEG C with
On, it then enters back into the mechanical piston jacket type cooler and carries out cooling B to be cooled to first temperature.
The present invention provides a kind of energy-saving new processes of coal hydroliquefaction residue recycling Low Temperature Thermal.The work of the present invention
Skill includes two kinds of three-stage cooling technique under two stage type cooling technique and preferable case.The method of three-stage cooling technique includes
Liquefaction reaction cell arrangement decompression column overhead is carried out into coal liquefaction residue, liquefied residue is recycled by screw sleeve type heat exchanger first
In middle-low temperature heat to generate low pressure steam, and itself is cooled to more than the softening point of vacuum bottoms, then by waste heat
Direct liquefaction residue after recycling enters mechanical piston jacket type cooler (being preferably air or cooling water cooling) by direct liquid
Change the solidification temperature that residue is reduced to vacuum bottoms with low-temperature cooling water or low temperature low pressure steam return water or Cryogenic air temperature
Below and higher than 110 DEG C, and the coal hydroliquefaction residue of room temperature to about 110-150 DEG C or so then use gas with it is direct or
The mode of contact is cooled down.And two stage type cooling technique is then anti-by liquefaction using mechanical piston jacket type cooler is first passed through
Cell arrangement decompression column overhead is answered to carry out coal liquefaction residue to be first cooled to below the solidification temperature of vacuum bottoms and higher than 110 DEG C, after
The coal hydroliquefaction residue of continuous room temperature to about 110-150 DEG C or so then uses gas to be carried out in a manner of directly or indirectly contacting
Cooling.
Coal hydroliquefaction residue low temperature heat reclamation device of the present invention considers liquefied residue in softening point temperature by liquid
Coal hydroliquefaction residue is gradually cooled down and across its softening point temperature, reaches recycling by the fact that gradually become solid-state step by step
Its middle-low temperature heat generates low pressure steam, and avoid simultaneously in conventional process flow cooling water directly with direct liquefaction residue
Water pollution problems caused by contact reduces the usage amount of cooling water, so as to improve the environment of coal direct liquefaction engineering
Benefit and economic benefit.
Also, in the liquefied residue cooling procedure of the prior art, mainly in a manner of cooling water Quench, in the process,
Substantial amounts of cooling water can be consumed, consumes about cooling water 93884t every year.However, by using the foregoing direct liquid of coal of the present invention
Change the cooling means of residue, the consumption of the public works such as cooling water can be largely reduced, there is significant energy-saving and water-saving effect.And
And method of the invention can avoid the generation of industrial wastewater.New process of the present invention does not consume recirculated cooling water substantially, and can be secondary
Substantial amounts of low-pressure steam is produced, it every year can more than by-product 1.1MPa low pressure steams 25000t, water-saving more than 87000t.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in subsequent specific embodiment part.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing is for providing a further understanding of the present invention, and a part for constitution instruction, with following tool
Body embodiment is together for explaining the present invention, but be not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the cooling system of the coal directly-liquefied residue of a preferred embodiment of the invention
Figure.
Fig. 2 is that the structure of the cooling system of coal directly-liquefied residue according to another preferred method of implementation of the present invention is shown
It is intended to.
Reference sign
1st, screw sleeve type heat exchanger 2, mechanical piston jacket type cooler
3rd, gas cooler 4, trub storage tank
5th, the second pipeline 6, heat transmission equipment
7th, the 3rd cooling medium 8, the 3rd cooling medium of heating
9th, the first vacuum bottoms 10, the second vacuum bottoms
11st, the residue 12 of cooling, the first pipeline
13rd, VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM vacuum bottoms
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.It is it should be appreciated that described herein specific
Embodiment is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention.
The endpoint of disclosed scope and any value are not limited to the accurate scope or value herein, these scopes or
Value should be understood to comprising the value close to these scopes or value.For numberical range, between the endpoint value of each scope, respectively
It between the endpoint value of a scope and individual point value and can be individually combined with each other between point value and obtain one or more
New numberical range, these numberical ranges should be considered as specific open herein.
First aspect, the present invention provides a kind of cooling system of coal directly-liquefied residue, which includes：
First cooling unit, first cooling unit include mechanical piston jacket type cooler, first cooling unit
For that will carry out the first cooling from the vacuum bottoms of the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM of DCL/Direct coal liquefaction, first cooling is residual by that will depressurize
Slag be introduced in the mechanical piston jacket type cooler in the first cooling unit with it is therein cooling medium mediate contact and into
Row；And
Second cooling unit, second cooling unit include gas cooler, and second cooling unit is used for will be through institute
It states the first vacuum bottoms after cooling and carries out the second cooling, second cooling passes through will be residual through the described first decompression after cooling
It is carried out in the gas cooler that slag is introduced in the second cooling unit with directly or indirectly being contacted with cooling medium therein.
The mechanical piston jacket type cooler is to change the straight inner tube in ordinary casing formula heat exchanger into mechanical piston
The heat exchanger tube that external force promotes, high-viscous media can be quickly outside effuser after piston promotes in pipe, while reaches necessity
Heat transfer effect.
The gas cooler is specially that a kind of thermal medium is carried out to be different from the general industries gas cooler such as air cooler
Band conveying-type cooler, while the cryogenic gases such as air convey thermal medium progress heat with the crawler belt and directly exchange, and reach drop
The effect of exchange low in calories.
Preferably, first cooling unit further comprises screw sleeve type heat exchanger, screw sleeve type heat exchange
Device is arranged on the upstream of the mechanical piston jacket type cooler so that the vacuum bottoms of the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM from DCL/Direct coal liquefaction
Be introduced into screw sleeve type heat exchanger and carry out cooling A, then enter back into the mechanical piston jacket type cooler carry out it is cold
But B.
The screw sleeve type heat exchanger is to change the straight inner tube in ordinary casing formula heat exchanger into helix tube, the spiral
Pipe is the one group helix tube (and have external force driving) coaxial with shell.Medium flows in the shape of a spiral in inner tube, plays certain
Perturbation action makes laminar heat transfer become turbulent heat transfer, improves the coefficient of heat transfer, and adds flow, and heat transfer effect is made to carry significantly
It is high；The resistance to deformation of spiral helicine inner tube and the freeze proof ability of splitting all are higher than common straight inner tube.
Preferably, first cooling unit further comprises the first pipeline, and the screw sleeve type heat exchanger passes through
First pipeline is connected with the mechanical piston jacket type cooler so that by the mechanical piston jacket type cooler into
The temperature raising medium generated after capable cooling B by first pipeline into the screw sleeve type heat exchanger using as cooling A
In cooling medium.
Preferably, first cooling unit further comprises the second pipeline, and the screw sleeve type heat exchanger passes through
Second pipeline is connected with the mechanical piston jacket type cooler so that by what is carried out in the screw sleeve type heat exchanger
The temperature raising medium generated after cooling A enters in the mechanical piston jacket type cooler to make after heat exchange by second pipeline
For the cooling medium during cooling B.
Preferably, which further comprises trub storage tank, for storing the residual of the cooling from gas cooler
Slag.
It can also include various heat transmission equipments in the system cause by the heating that obtains in screw sleeve type heat exchanger
Cooling medium enters to after heat exchange is used as cooling medium therein in mechanical piston jacket type cooler.In fact, described change
Hot equipment is preferably capable efficiently using setting for the thermal energy in the cooling medium by the heating obtained in screw sleeve type heat exchanger
It is standby, so as to improve the economic benefit of the system of the present invention.
According to a kind of preferred embodiment, the structure of the cooling system of the coal directly-liquefied residue of the invention
Schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1, specifically：
The cooling system of the coal directly-liquefied residue includes：
Screw sleeve type heat exchanger 1, for will the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM vacuum bottoms 13 from the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM of DCL/Direct coal liquefaction
Cooling A is carried out, obtains the first vacuum bottoms 9, first cooling is by by VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM vacuum bottoms 13 and the screw-casing
First in pipe heat exchanger 1 cools down medium mediate contact and carries out；
Mechanical piston jacket type cooler 2 for that will carry out cooling B through the first vacuum bottoms 9 after the cooling A, obtains
To the second vacuum bottoms 10, the cooling B through the first vacuum bottoms 9 after the cooling A with the mechanical piston by will press from both sides
Second in shell type cooler 2 cools down medium mediate contact and carries out；
Gas cooler 3 for that will carry out the second cooling through the second vacuum bottoms 10 after the cooling B, is cooled down
Residue 11, second cooling is by will be through the described first second vacuum bottoms 10 after cooling and the gas cooler 3
In the 3rd cooling medium 7 directly or indirectly contact and carries out, the 3rd cooling medium 7 heated up after contact the 3rd cools down
Medium 8 draws the gas cooler 3；
Trub storage tank 4, for storing the residue 11 of the cooling from gas cooler 3；
First pipeline 12, the screw sleeve type heat exchanger 1 pass through first pipeline 12 and the mechanical piston chuck
Formula cooler 2 connects so that is led to by the temperature raising medium generated after the cooling B that is carried out in the mechanical piston jacket type cooler 2
Cross first pipeline 12 into the screw sleeve type heat exchanger 1 using as the cooling medium during cooling A；
Second pipeline 5, the screw sleeve type heat exchanger 1 pass through second pipeline 5 and the mechanical piston jacket type
Cooler 2 connects so that is set by the temperature raising medium generated after the cooling A that is carried out in the screw sleeve type heat exchanger 1 through heat exchange
After standby 6 heat exchange by second pipeline 5 into the mechanical piston jacket type cooler 2 using as cold during cooling B
But medium.
According to another preferred embodiment, the knot of the cooling system of the coal directly-liquefied residue of the invention
Structure schematic diagram is as shown in Fig. 2, specifically：
The cooling system of the coal directly-liquefied residue includes：
Mechanical piston jacket type cooler 2, for the vacuum bottoms 13 of the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM from DCL/Direct coal liquefaction to be carried out
First cooling, it is described first cooling by by vacuum bottoms 13 be introduced in mechanical piston jacket type cooler 2 with it is therein
It cools down medium mediate contact and carries out；
Gas cooler 3 for that will carry out the second cooling through the described first second vacuum bottoms 10 after cooling, obtains cold
But residue 11, second cooling passes through will be through the described first second vacuum bottoms 10 after cooling and the gas cooler
The 3rd cooling medium 7 in 3 directly or indirectly contact and carries out, the 3rd cool down medium 7 heated up after contact it is the 3rd cold
But medium 8 draws the gas cooler 3；
Trub storage tank 4, for storing the residue 11 of the cooling from gas cooler 3.
Second aspect, the present invention provides a kind of cooling means of coal directly-liquefied residue, this method includes：
(1) vacuum bottoms of the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM from DCL/Direct coal liquefaction are introduced to including mechanical piston jacket type cooler
The first cooling unit in carry out first and be cooled to the first temperature, first cooling is by cold by vacuum bottoms and described first
But the cooling medium mediate contact in the mechanical piston jacket type cooler in unit and carry out, first temperature is less than described
The solidification temperature of vacuum bottoms and higher than 110 DEG C；
(2) by through the described first vacuum bottoms after cooling be introduced in the second cooling unit containing gas cooler into
Row second is cooled to second temperature, and second cooling passes through will be cold through the described first vacuum bottoms after cooling and described second
But the cooling medium mediate contact in the gas cooler in unit and carry out, the second temperature be less than 80 DEG C.
The solidification temperature of the vacuum bottoms refers to, high viscosity and high softening-point are contained in the vacuum bottoms of DCL/Direct coal liquefaction
The organic macromolecules mixture such as asphalitine, intermolecular there are more covalent bond and hydrogen bond, intermolecular force is larger, causes
The viscosity of liquefied residue is very big, thus when liquefied residue is below less than softening point temperature, easy viscosity increase, Jin Ergu
Change, the cured temperature of the liquefied residue is foregoing solidification temperature.
Preferably, the cooling medium for carrying out first cooling is water.
Under preferable case, in the second aspect of the present invention, the vacuum bottoms of the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM from DCL/Direct coal liquefaction
Temperature is 280 DEG C or more；More preferably 290-360 DEG C.
In the second aspect of the present invention, first temperature is 115-145 DEG C；Preferably 120-140 DEG C.
Preferably, the second temperature is 40-65 DEG C.
Preferably, the cooling medium for carrying out second cooling is air and/or nitrogen.
Preferably, in second cooling procedure, through the described first vacuum bottoms after cooling and the second cooling procedure
In cooling medium dosage weight ratio be 1：(2-23).
Preferably, first cooling unit further comprises screw sleeve type heat exchanger, screw sleeve type heat exchange
Device is arranged on the upstream of the mechanical piston jacket type cooler so that the vacuum bottoms of the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM from DCL/Direct coal liquefaction
It is introduced into after first cooling unit is entered in screw sleeve type heat exchanger and carries out cooling A to be cooled to the soft of vacuum bottoms
Then change or more enters back into the mechanical piston jacket type cooler and carries out cooling B to be cooled to first temperature.
The softening point of the vacuum bottoms refers to, in process of production, in order to which residue is enable smoothly to discharge process units,
Certain mobility must be kept, the softening point of the vacuum bottoms of DCL/Direct coal liquefaction is generally at 180 DEG C or so.
Preferably, this method includes carrying out cooling A to cool down 210 DEG C or more；Cooling A is more preferably carried out to be cooled to 220-
260℃；Cooling A is further preferably carried out to be cooled to 225-250 DEG C.It was found by the inventors of the present invention that the temperature after control cooling A
Spend for 225-250 DEG C when, more cooling waters can be saved using the cooling means of coal directly-liquefied residue of the present invention, go forward side by side one
Step reduces energy consumption.
Preferably, this method further comprises：It will be by being produced after the cooling B that is carried out in the mechanical piston jacket type cooler
Raw temperature raising medium is introduced in the screw sleeve type heat exchanger by the first pipeline to be situated between as the cooling during cooling A
Matter.
Preferably, this method further comprises：It will be by generating after the cooling A that is carried out in the screw sleeve type heat exchanger
Temperature raising medium after heat exchange by the second pipeline be introduced in the mechanical piston jacket type cooler using as cooling B during
Cooling medium.
According to a kind of preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of cooling means of coal directly-liquefied residue,
This method includes：
(1) vacuum bottoms of the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM from DCL/Direct coal liquefaction are introduced in screw sleeve type heat exchanger carry out it is cold
But A to be to be cooled to more than the softening point of vacuum bottoms, and the cooling A is by by vacuum bottoms and the screw sleeve type heat exchanger
In the mediate contact of cooling medium and carry out；
(2) vacuum bottoms after the cooling A are introduced in mechanical piston jacket type cooler and carry out cooling B to the
One temperature, it is described cooling B by will through it is described cooling B after vacuum bottoms with it is cold in the mechanical piston jacket type cooler
But medium mediate contact and carry out, first temperature less than the vacuum bottoms solidification temperature and higher than 110 DEG C；And
(3) vacuum bottoms after the cooling B are introduced to progress second in gas cooler and are cooled to second temperature,
The residue cooled down, second cooling passes through will be through in the vacuum bottoms and the gas cooler after the cooling B
Cooling medium is directly or indirectly contacted and carried out, and the second temperature is less than 80 DEG C.
The cooling of above-mentioned two stage type cooling technique provided by the invention and the coal directly-liquefied residue of three-stage cooling technique
Method mainly recycles the waste heat of coal directly-liquefied residue.The cooling of direct liquefaction residue is divided into two by the technique of the present invention
A temperature range or three temperature ranges.During two stage type cooling technique, the first temperature range is：Residue temperature is curing
During below temperature and higher than 110 DEG C, it is preferred to use cooling water is exchanged heat in a manner of non-direct contact, big so as to generate
The low-pressure steam of amount, the use that by-product low-pressure steam can be for coal direct liquefaction device or for other device Low Temperature Thermal hydrazines.Two
The lower limiting value of stage type cooling technique is room temperature.
First temperature range of three-stage cooling technique is：When residue temperature is more than softening point temperature, it is preferred to use cold
But water is exchanged heat in a manner of non-direct contact, and so as to generate substantial amounts of low-pressure steam, by-product low-pressure steam can be for
Coal direct liquefaction device or the use for other device Low Temperature Thermal hydrazines；And under the second temperature section of three-stage cooling technique
Limit value is：110-150 DEG C, the vacuum bottoms obtained through step (1) with cooling water or air are contacted, are enabled to through step
Suddenly the vacuum bottoms that (1) obtains are cooled to rapidly 110-150 DEG C；Since this partial liquefaction residue is in the larger humidity province of viscosity
Between the stage, extremely easily stick cooler inner wall, can quickly be sticked cooler inner wall using mechanical piston jacket type cooler
Attached liquefied residue strikes off, and ensures the smooth of inner wall, and ensures that heat exchanger is unlikely to block and the inner wall side coefficient of heat transfer is unlikely to
Cooling effect that is too small and influencing cooler.3rd temperature range of three-stage cooling technique is：Residue temperature is cooled to 80
Below DEG C, gas may be employed as cooling medium in the 3rd cooling, can be rapidly completed the process of cooling, and can save a large amount of
Cooling-water consumption.
The present invention carries out temperature control strategy to coal direct liquefaction liquefied residue and different temperatures grade liquefied residue is cold
But the mode of mode control strategy cools down it, and the process program is not simple only with equipment, possesses the advantage of small investment, simultaneously
Technical process can save substantial amounts of cooling water with the substantial amounts of low-pressure steam of by-product, and reduce the cooling water inflow of pollution, tool
There is significant energy-saving and water-saving effect, and with apparent environmental benefit.
The method of the present invention also has the advantages of process equipment being related to is simple, small investment.
The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples below.
In following embodiment and comparative example, in case of no particular description, the various raw materials used are all from commercially available.
In following embodiment and comparative example, the vacuum bottoms of the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM from DCL/Direct coal liquefaction used are all from coal
In direct liquefaction technical process, generated through vacuum distillation tower tower reactor.
Embodiment 1：The cooling means (three-stage cooling technique) of coal directly-liquefied residue
The present embodiment is carried out using system shown in FIG. 1, specifically：
(1) vacuum bottoms for the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM from DCL/Direct coal liquefaction that 320 DEG C of flow is 100t/h are passed through into spiral
Double pipe heat exchanger carries out first and is cooled to temperature as 240 DEG C, and first cooling is by by vacuum bottoms and 1.1MPa temperature
(progress of spiral heat exchange mode) is carried out for the saturated water non-direct contact of 2.95t/h for 200 DEG C of flows, in the contact process
In, the yield of the low-pressure steam of 1.1MPa is 2.95t/h；
(2) second will be carried out by mechanical piston jacket type cooler be cooled to temperature through the vacuum bottoms that step (1) obtains
It spends for 130 DEG C, second cooling is by the way that the low-pressure steam return water of the vacuum bottoms obtained through step (1) and low temperature is connect
Heat exchange is touched, the initial temperature of the low-pressure steam return water of low temperature is 130 DEG C, and temperature is 200 DEG C after heat exchange, flow 2.95t/h；
(3) the 3rd will be carried out by gas cooler through the vacuum bottoms that step (2) obtains and be cooled to temperature as 50 DEG C, obtain
To the residue of cooling, the 3rd cooling by the vacuum bottoms and flow that will be obtained through step (2) is 75t/h, temperature 40
DEG C air contacted and carried out.
Water supply need not additionally be increased using the method for the present embodiment every year, can be saved every year compared with comparative example
93884 water.
Embodiment 2：The cooling means (three-stage cooling technique) of coal directly-liquefied residue
The present embodiment is carried out using system shown in FIG. 1, specifically：
(1) vacuum bottoms for the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM from DCL/Direct coal liquefaction that 320 DEG C of flow is 100t/h are passed through into spiral
Double pipe heat exchanger carries out first and is cooled to temperature as 235 DEG C, and first cooling is by by vacuum bottoms and 1.1MPa temperature
(progress of spiral heat exchange mode) is carried out for the saturated water non-direct contact of 3.14t/h for 200 DEG C of flows, in the contact process
In, the yield of the low-pressure steam of 1.1MPa is 3.14t/h,
(2) second will be carried out by mechanical piston jacket type cooler be cooled to temperature through the vacuum bottoms that step (1) obtains
It spends for 120 DEG C, second cooling is by the way that the low-pressure steam return water of the vacuum bottoms obtained through step (1) and low temperature is connect
Heat exchange is touched, the initial temperature of the low-pressure steam return water of low temperature is 130 DEG C, and temperature is 200 DEG C after heat exchange, flow 3.14t/h；
(3) the 3rd will be carried out by gas cooler through the vacuum bottoms that step (2) obtains and be cooled to temperature as 50 DEG C, obtain
To the residue of cooling, the 3rd cooling by the vacuum bottoms and flow that will be obtained through step (2) is 75t/h, temperature 40
DEG C air contacted and carried out,
Water supply need not additionally be increased using the method for the present embodiment every year, can be saved every year compared with comparative example
93884 water.
Embodiment 3：The cooling means (three-stage cooling technique) of coal directly-liquefied residue
The present embodiment is carried out using system shown in FIG. 1, specifically：
(1) vacuum bottoms for the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM from DCL/Direct coal liquefaction that 320 DEG C of flow is 100t/h are passed through into spiral
Double pipe heat exchanger carries out first and is cooled to temperature as 225 DEG C, and first cooling is by by vacuum bottoms and 1.1MPa temperature
(progress of spiral heat exchange mode) is carried out for the saturated water non-direct contact of 3.5t/h for 200 DEG C of flows, in the contact process
In, the yield of the low-pressure steam of 1.1MPa is 3.5t/h,
(2) second will be carried out by mechanical piston jacket type cooler be cooled to temperature through the vacuum bottoms that step (1) obtains
It spends for 140 DEG C, second cooling is by the way that the low-pressure steam return water of the vacuum bottoms obtained through step (1) and low temperature is connect
Heat exchange is touched, the initial temperature of the low pressure steam return water of low temperature is 130 DEG C, temperature is 200 DEG C after heat exchange, flow 3.5t/h；
(3) the 3rd will be carried out by gas cooler through the vacuum bottoms that step (2) obtains and be cooled to temperature as 50 DEG C, obtain
To the residue of cooling, the 3rd cooling by the vacuum bottoms and flow that will be obtained through step (2) is 75t/h, temperature 40
DEG C air contacted and carried out,
Water supply need not additionally be increased using the method for the present embodiment every year, can be saved every year compared with comparative example
93884 water.
Embodiment 4 (two stage type cooling technique)
(1) vacuum bottoms for the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM from DCL/Direct coal liquefaction that 320 DEG C of flow is 100t/h are passed through into machinery
Piston jacket type cooler progress first is cooled to temperature as 130 DEG C, and first cooling passes through by vacuum bottoms and initially warm
It spends and is carried out for 130 DEG C of flow for the water non-direct contact of 2.95t/h, in the contact process, the low-pressure steam of 1.1MPa
Yield be 2.95t/h；
(2) it is 50 DEG C by carrying out second to be cooled to temperature by gas cooler through the vacuum bottoms that step (1) obtains, institute
The second cooling is stated by will be contacted through the vacuum bottoms that step (1) obtains with the air that flow is 75t/h, temperature is 40 DEG C
And carry out.
Comparative example 1
The vacuum bottoms of the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM for the DCL/Direct coal liquefaction that 320 DEG C of flow is 100t/h are cooled down through asphalt moulding machine
Shaping.Forming machine is wide Mobile steel band.Residue in one end of steel band by the head outflow that paves, then as the movement of steel band, to
The back spraying cooling water of steel band makes residue progressively cooled and solidified, forms solid thin-sheet, falls into crusher by the other end of steel band and break
It is broken into smaller particle, you can outward transport.
It can be seen that from the process above in flow：Direct liquefaction device liquefied residue formation system using cooling water by
The sprinkling of steel band lower surface cools down to direct liquefaction residue, and direct liquefaction residue carrys out temperature from coal liquification device unit and is about
320 DEG C, the waste heat contained is high temperature position waste heat, and cooled water is taken away；Simultaneously as the liquefaction of direct liquefaction device is residual
Slag treatment amount is about 100t/h, and feeding temperature is high, and cooling water evaporates after being heated by High-temperature Liquefaction residue to be lost in air, is caused
The waste of factory's cooling water water resource；In addition, during liquefied residue is cooled water cooling, cooling water inevitably with
Liquefied residue contacts directly, and cooling water is caused to be liquefied organic pollution in residue, the subsequent sewage disposal system processing of factory
Amount increases, and further results in the waste of energy and the reduction of economic benefit.
And existing process is in liquefied residue cooling procedure, mainly in a manner of cooling water (40 DEG C or so) Quench, herein
In the process, cooling water 93884t is consumed about every year.
Method cooling using the present invention is from DCL/Direct coal liquefaction it can be seen from the result of above-described embodiment and comparative example
VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM vacuum bottoms when, can significantly reduce the dosage of cooling water, and generate substantial amounts of low-pressure steam and be used for
Other steps have significant energy conservation and consumption reduction effects.Also, the method for the present invention can avoid the generation of waste water.
Specifically, technique of the invention does not consume recirculated cooling water substantially, and can the substantial amounts of low-pressure steam of by-product, every year may be used
More than by-product 1.1MPa low pressure steams 25000t, water-saving more than 87000t have significant energy-saving and water-saving effect, simultaneously because
Using the type of cooling of cooling water non-direct contact type, pollution-free cooling water generates, and reduces the processing of follow-up sewage treatment plant
Load has apparent environmental benefit.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, still, during present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above
Detail, within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple variants can be carried out to technical scheme, this
A little simple variants all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
It is further to note that the specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance
In the case of shield, can be combined by any suitable means, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention to it is various can
The combination of energy no longer separately illustrates.
In addition, various embodiments of the present invention can be combined randomly, as long as it is without prejudice to originally
The thought of invention, it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of cooling system of coal directly-liquefied residue, which is characterized in that the system includes：
First cooling unit, first cooling unit include mechanical piston jacket type cooler, and first cooling unit is used for
The vacuum bottoms of VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM from DCL/Direct coal liquefaction are subjected to the first cooling, first cooling is by the way that vacuum bottoms are drawn
Enter into the mechanical piston jacket type cooler in the first cooling unit with it is therein cooling medium mediate contact and carry out；With
And
Second cooling unit, second cooling unit include gas cooler, and second cooling unit is for will be through described the
One vacuum bottoms after cooling carry out the second cooling, and second cooling through the described first vacuum bottoms after cooling by will draw
Enter into the gas cooler in the second cooling unit and carried out with directly or indirectly being contacted with cooling medium therein.
2. cooling system according to claim 1, wherein, first cooling unit further comprises screw sleeve type
Heat exchanger, the screw sleeve type heat exchanger are arranged on the upstream of the mechanical piston jacket type cooler so that direct from coal
The vacuum bottoms of liquefied VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM, which are introduced into screw sleeve type heat exchanger, carries out cooling A, then enters back into the machinery
Cooling B is carried out in piston jacket type cooler.
3. cooling system according to claim 2, wherein, first cooling unit further comprises the first pipeline,
The screw sleeve type heat exchanger is connected by first pipeline with the mechanical piston jacket type cooler so that by described
The temperature raising medium generated after the cooling B carried out in mechanical piston jacket type cooler enters the screw-casing by first pipeline
In pipe heat exchanger using as cooling A in cooling medium.
4. the cooling system according to Claims 2 or 3, wherein, first cooling unit further comprises the second pipe
Line, the screw sleeve type heat exchanger are connected by second pipeline with the mechanical piston jacket type cooler so that by
The temperature raising medium generated after the cooling A carried out in the screw sleeve type heat exchanger enters institute after heat exchange by second pipeline
State in mechanical piston jacket type cooler using as cooling B during cooling medium.
5. a kind of cooling means of coal directly-liquefied residue, this method include：
(1) vacuum bottoms of the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM from DCL/Direct coal liquefaction are introduced to including mechanical piston jacket type cooler
First is carried out in one cooling unit and is cooled to the first temperature, first cooling passes through vacuum bottoms and the described first cooling are single
The cooling medium mediate contact in mechanical piston jacket type cooler in member and carry out, first temperature is less than the decompression
The solidification temperature of residue and higher than 110 DEG C；
(2) it will be introduced to through the described first vacuum bottoms after cooling in the second cooling unit containing gas cooler and carry out
Two are cooled to second temperature, and second cooling through the described first vacuum bottoms after cooling and described second by that will cool down list
Cooling medium mediate contact in gas cooler in member and carry out, the second temperature is less than 80 DEG C.
6. cooling means according to claim 5, wherein, the cooling medium for carrying out first cooling is water.
7. cooling means according to claim 5 or 6, wherein, the vacuum bottoms of the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM from DCL/Direct coal liquefaction
Temperature be 280 DEG C or more；Preferably 290-360 DEG C.
8. according to the cooling means described in any one in claim 5-7, wherein, first temperature is 115-145 DEG C；It is excellent
Elect 120-140 DEG C as.
9. according to the cooling means described in any one in claim 5-8, wherein, the second temperature is 40-65 DEG C.
10. according to the cooling means described in any one in claim 5-9, wherein, the cooling for carrying out second cooling is situated between
Matter is air and/or nitrogen.
11. cooling means according to claim 10, wherein, in second cooling procedure, through the described first cooling
The dosage weight ratio of cooling medium in vacuum bottoms and the second cooling procedure afterwards is 1：(2-23).
12. according to the cooling means described in any one in claim 5-11, wherein, in first cooling unit further
Including screw sleeve type heat exchanger, which is arranged on the upstream of the mechanical piston jacket type cooler,
So that the vacuum bottoms of the VACUUM TOWER BOTTOM from DCL/Direct coal liquefaction are introduced into screw shell after first cooling unit is entered
Cooling A is carried out in formula heat exchanger to be cooled to more than the softening point of vacuum bottoms, then enters back into the mechanical piston jacket type
Cooling B is carried out in cooler to be cooled to first temperature.
13. cooling means according to claim 12, wherein, this method includes carrying out cooling A to cool down 210 DEG C or more；
It is preferred that cooling A is carried out to be cooled to 220-260 DEG C；Cooling A is more preferably carried out to be cooled to 225-250 DEG C.
14. the cooling means according to claim 12 or 13, wherein, this method further comprises：It will be living by the machinery
The temperature raising medium generated after the cooling B carried out in plug jacket type cooler is introduced to the screw sleeve type by the first pipeline and changes
In hot device using as cooling A during cooling medium；Preferably,
This method further comprises：It will be passed through by the temperature raising medium generated after the cooling A that is carried out in the screw sleeve type heat exchanger
It is introduced to after heat exchange by the second pipeline in the mechanical piston jacket type cooler to be situated between as the cooling during cooling B
Matter.
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