CN108101211B - Livestock wastewater treatment system based on microbial fuel cell - Google Patents

Livestock wastewater treatment system based on microbial fuel cell Download PDF

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CN108101211B
CN108101211B CN201711385455.XA CN201711385455A CN108101211B CN 108101211 B CN108101211 B CN 108101211B CN 201711385455 A CN201711385455 A CN 201711385455A CN 108101211 B CN108101211 B CN 108101211B
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fuel cell
microbial fuel
water
filtering device
treatment system
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CN108101211A (en
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倪红军
卓露
吕帅帅
李志扬
汪兴兴
黄明宇
朱昱
廖萍
朱杨杨
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Nantong University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C02F3/2866—Particular arrangements for anaerobic reactors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/005—Combined electrochemical biological processes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/16—Biochemical fuel cells, i.e. cells in which microorganisms function as catalysts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a livestock and poultry wastewater treatment system based on a microbial fuel cell, which comprises a septic tank, a water inlet filtering device, a microbial fuel cell treatment system and a water outlet filtering device which are sequentially distributed according to the treatment sequence of wastewater, wherein the communication of the wastewater is realized among all the components through water pipelines, and water pumps are arranged on the water pipelines for the microbial fuel cell treatment system to enter and exit; the water outlet filtering device is also communicated with the septic tank through a water conveying pipeline; the system also comprises a solid waste pool and a biogas power generation system which are respectively communicated with the microbial fuel cell treatment system through a pipeline A and a pipeline B, and the solid waste pool is also communicated with the water inlet filtering device through a pipeline C. The invention has the advantages that: the invention combines the microbial fuel cell technology with the existing sewage treatment technology, and generates electric energy while purifying sewage; meanwhile, the microbial fuel cell power generation technology and the methane power generation technology are integrated, so that the resource recycling efficiency and the power generation quantity are greatly improved.

Description

Livestock wastewater treatment system based on microbial fuel cell
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of livestock and poultry wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a livestock and poultry wastewater treatment system based on a microbial fuel cell.
Background
In recent years, with the popularization of an intensification mode, the livestock and poultry breeding industry in China is rapidly developed, but the livestock and poultry wastewater treatment problem is accompanied, the wastewater which is relatively intensively distributed contains abundant organic resources, but cannot be reasonably utilized, and the long-term accumulation threatens the environment and the human health.
There are three main ways to traditionally handle livestock wastewater: a returning field mode, a natural processing mode and a factory processing mode. Although the returning mode can change waste into valuable, the conversion efficiency is low, and accumulation is easy to cause in non-fertilizing seasons; the natural treatment mode does not cause accumulation, but needs a large amount of treatment sites and is easy to cause secondary pollution of underground water; the factory treatment mode has the best treatment effect, but needs professional equipment and technical talents, which is not applied to the livestock and poultry breeding industry which is micro-profit in China.
The microbial fuel cell is a device for directly converting chemical energy in organic matters into electric energy by means of various microorganisms, can purify sewage while generating energy, and has a huge development prospect. The microbial fuel cell mainly comprises an anode chamber, a cathode chamber and a diaphragm (mostly a proton exchange membrane) in the middle. The basic working principle of the microbial fuel cell is as follows: under the anaerobic environment, the microbes suspended in the anode chamber decompose complex macromolecular organic matters into small molecular organic matters, the microbial community attached to the surface of the anode further decomposes the small molecular organic matters and part of the macromolecular organic matters, electrons and protons are generated simultaneously, the electrons are transferred to the anode in different modes and reach the cathode through an external circuit, the protons reach the cathode chamber through an intermediate proton exchange membrane, and an oxidant (generally oxygen or potassium ferricyanide solution) performs a reduction reaction with the electrons and the protons at the cathode to form a complete current loop.
The microbial fuel cell technology is applied to livestock wastewater treatment, so that the cost is low, the sewage can be purified, electric energy can be generated, the traditional biogas power generation technology is combined, the resource utilization efficiency is greatly improved, the cleaning is clean, no pollution is caused, and the sustainable development requirement is met.
Through retrieval, patent CN 104986914 a discloses a pig farm wastewater treatment system based on microbial fuel cells, which comprises a septic tank, a mechanical grid filter tower, a water collecting tank, an adjusting tank, an anaerobic tank, a microbial fuel cell adjusting tank, a microbial fuel cell reactor, an activated carbon filter tower and a water outlet tank, which are sequentially distributed according to the treatment sequence of wastewater, and the circulation of wastewater is realized among all the components through water pipes; the circulation of waste water is realized between the septic tank and the mechanical grating filter tower through a water pump; the invention combines the microbial fuel cell with the traditional wastewater treatment technology, is applied to the wastewater treatment of the pig farm, recovers the electric energy and treats the wastewater; however, the piggery wastewater treatment system still has certain problems: 1. the resource recovery utilization rate is low; 2. the electricity generation is low.
Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a microbial fuel cell-based livestock wastewater treatment system capable of greatly improving resource recycling and electricity generation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a livestock and poultry wastewater treatment system based on a microbial fuel cell, which can greatly improve the resource recycling and electricity production.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a beasts and birds effluent disposal system based on microbial fuel cell which innovation point lies in: comprises a septic tank, a water inlet filtering device, a microbial fuel cell processing system, a water outlet filtering device, a solid waste tank and a biogas power generation system;
the septic tank, the water inlet filtering device, the microbial fuel cell treatment system and the water outlet filtering device are sequentially distributed according to the treatment sequence of wastewater, the components are communicated with each other through water conveying pipelines, and water pumps are arranged on the water conveying pipelines for the microbial fuel cell treatment system to enter and exit; the water outlet filtering device is also communicated with the septic tank through a water conveying pipeline;
the solid waste pool and the biogas power generation system are respectively communicated with the microbial fuel cell treatment system through a pipeline A and a pipeline B, and the solid waste pool is also communicated with the water inlet filtering device through a pipeline C.
Furthermore, the microbial fuel cell processing system comprises a reaction tank and a reaction tank sealing cover arranged on the upper end surface of the reaction tank, the reaction tank comprises an upper reaction section and a lower reaction section, a plurality of air cathodes are embedded in the side wall of the upper reaction section, and the outer wall of each air cathode is provided with a cathode terminal; the inner cavity of the upper reaction section is provided with a plurality of anode electrodes distributed in an array manner and worms perpendicular to the anodes, the anodes comprise upper conductive sections and insulating worm wheel sections arranged at the bottoms of the upper conductive sections, and the worms and the anodes distributed in the array manner form a worm and gear transmission mechanism; the outer side wall of the upper reaction section is provided with an engine device which drives a worm in the reaction tank to rotate;
the side wall of the upper reaction section is provided with a water inlet, and the side wall of the lower reaction section is provided with a water outlet;
the inner side wall of the reaction tank sealing cover is provided with a gas-liquid separation device, the gas-liquid separation device is provided with an anode terminal, and the anode terminal is used for fixing each anode and connecting an external short circuit; the gas-liquid separation device is also provided with a gas outlet for connecting a biogas power generation system.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the livestock and poultry wastewater treatment system based on the microbial fuel cell combines the microbial fuel cell technology with the existing sewage treatment technology, purifies sewage and simultaneously generates electric energy; meanwhile, the electricity generation technology of the microbial fuel cell and the methane electricity generation technology are integrated, so that the resource recycling efficiency and the electricity generation quantity are greatly improved;
(2) the livestock and poultry wastewater treatment system based on the microbial fuel cell, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that the microbial fuel cell treatment system adopts a plurality of anodes distributed in an array manner, so that the total specific surface area of the anodes in unit volume of the cell is greatly increased, the self-stirring of the anodes in the device is realized by means of self energy, the degradation of microorganisms is promoted, and the electron transfer efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the self-breathing air cathode is adopted, aeration is not needed, the structure is simple, the cost is greatly reduced, and greenhouse effect gas carbon dioxide is not released in the power generation process, so that the device is a clean energy production device.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a livestock and poultry wastewater treatment system based on a self-stirring microbial fuel cell in the invention, wherein the reference numbers are as follows: 1-a septic tank, 2-a water inlet filtering device, 3-a water pump, 4-a microbial fuel cell processing system, 5-a solid waste tank, 6-a water outlet filtering device, 7-a biogas power generation system and 8-pipelines.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the apparatus main body of the microbial fuel cell processing system of the present invention, in which reference numerals: 21-the lower part of the reaction tank, 22-the upper part of the reaction tank, 23-the air cathode, 24-the cathode terminal, 25-the worm transmission shaft, 26-the engine, 27-the anode, 28-the water inlet, 29-the water outlet.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the apparatus seal cover of the microbial fuel cell process system of the present invention, wherein the reference numerals: 31-sealing cover, 32-gas-liquid separation device, 33-anode terminal and 34-gas outlet.
Detailed Description
The following examples are presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to more fully understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments described herein.
Examples
The livestock and poultry wastewater treatment system based on the microbial fuel cell of the embodiment comprises a septic tank 1, a water inlet filtering device 2, a microbial fuel cell treatment system 4, a water outlet filtering device 6, a solid waste tank 5 and a biogas power generation system 7, as shown in fig. 1.
The septic tank 1, the inlet water filtering device 2, the microbial fuel cell processing system 4 and the outlet water filtering device 6 are sequentially distributed according to the wastewater processing sequence, the components are communicated with each other through a water conveying pipeline 8, and the water conveying pipelines 8 for the inlet and the outlet of the microbial fuel cell processing system 4 are respectively provided with a water pump 3; the water outlet filtering device 6 is also communicated with the septic tank 1 through a water conveying pipeline 8.
The solid waste pool 5 and the biogas power generation system 7 are respectively communicated with the microbial fuel cell treatment system 4 through a pipeline A and a pipeline B, and the solid waste pool 5 is also communicated with the water inlet filtering device 2 through a pipeline C.
The septic tank 1 is respectively introduced with wastewater from a livestock and poultry breeding place and the effluent filtering device 6 and communicated with the influent filtering device 2; the inlet water filtering device 2 is used for filtering large-particle solid waste, the solid waste is collected to a solid waste pool 5, and the filtered waste water enters a microbial fuel cell treatment system 4 through a water pump 3; the effluent filtering device 6 is used for further purifying sewage, and the wastewater which does not reach the standard is sent to the septic tank 1 through a pipeline for circular treatment.
In the embodiment, the microbial fuel cell processing system, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, includes a reaction tank and a reaction tank sealing cover 31 disposed on an upper end surface of the reaction tank, the reaction tank includes an upper reaction section 21 and a lower reaction section 22, a plurality of air cathodes 23 are embedded in a side wall of the upper reaction section 21, and a cathode terminal 24 is disposed on an outer wall of the air cathode 23.
A plurality of anode 27 electrodes distributed in an array and a worm 25 vertical to the anode are arranged in the inner cavity of the upper reaction section 21, the anode comprises an upper conductive section and an insulated worm wheel section arranged at the bottom of the upper conductive section, and the worm 25 and the anode 27 distributed in an array form a worm and gear transmission mechanism; the outer side wall of the upper reaction section 21 is provided with a motor device 26, and the motor device 26 drives the worm in the reaction tank to rotate.
The side wall of the upper reaction section 21 is provided with a water inlet 28, and the side wall of the lower reaction section 22 is provided with a water outlet 29; the inner side wall of the reaction tank sealing cover 31 is provided with a gas-liquid separation device 32, the gas-liquid separation device 32 is provided with an anode terminal 33, and the anode terminal 33 is used for fixing each anode and connecting an external short circuit; the gas-liquid separation device 32 is further provided with a gas outlet 34 for connecting the biogas power generation system 7.
When the system is used for treating livestock and poultry wastewater, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) collecting waste water: livestock wastewater is collected in a septic tank 1, and the septic tank 1 is arranged in an independent area beside a livestock house;
(2) and (3) water inlet filtration: the collected wastewater is subjected to impurity removal treatment by means of a water inlet filtering device 2, namely a mechanical grating, and large-particle solid waste residues are collected and conveyed to a solid waste pool 5 to be further used as organic fertilizer raw materials;
(3) wastewater purification and power generation: the wastewater is controlled by a water pump 3 to flow into a microbial fuel cell treatment system 4 device, in an anaerobic reaction tank, organic matters are degraded by microbes on the surface of an anode 27 distributed in an array manner to generate electrons and protons, wherein the electrons are collected by the anode 27 and then are sent to an air cathode 23 by an external circuit, the protons reach the air cathode 23 by taking the wastewater as a carrier, a reduction reaction is carried out by utilizing a self-breathing air cathode to form a complete current loop, the current generated by the microbial fuel cell device is utilized to drive a device starting device 26 to start, the starting device 26 drives a worm gear mechanism to operate, so that the anode 27 distributed in the array manner axially rotates, the wastewater is stirred, the full contact between the electricity-generating microbes and the wastewater, the rapid transfer of the electrons and the separation of biogas in the wastewater are facilitated, the biogas in a biogas tank is separated by a gas-liquid separator to absorb the biogas and is sent to a biogas generation system 7, and the daily electricity is provided for;
(4) and (3) effluent filtration: the effluent water from the reaction system of the microbial fuel cell is further purified by an activated carbon pool and the like, so that the effluent water reaches the discharge standard, and the wastewater which does not reach the standard is returned to the septic tank 1 through the water delivery pipeline 8 for secondary treatment.
The conventional piggery wastewater treatment system and the livestock wastewater treatment system of the invention are used for treating the piggery wastewater, and the treatment results are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 wastewater treatment effect and energy consumption table
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Note: the traditional piggery wastewater treatment system is a piggery wastewater treatment system based on a microbial fuel cell disclosed in CN 104986914A mentioned in the background art.
As can be seen from the above table, the livestock and poultry wastewater treatment method of the invention not only enables the treated wastewater to meet the discharge requirement, but also can obtain electric energy, and integrates the microbial fuel cell electricity generation technology and the methane electricity generation technology, thereby greatly improving the resource recycling efficiency and the electricity generation quantity.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and features of the present invention, together with the advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a beasts and birds effluent disposal system based on microbial fuel cell which characterized in that: comprises a septic tank, a water inlet filtering device, a microbial fuel cell processing system, a water outlet filtering device, a solid waste tank and a biogas power generation system; the septic tank, the water inlet filtering device, the microbial fuel cell treatment system and the water outlet filtering device are sequentially distributed according to the treatment sequence of wastewater, the components are communicated with each other through water conveying pipelines, and water pumps are arranged on the water conveying pipelines for the microbial fuel cell treatment system to enter and exit; the water outlet filtering device is also communicated with the septic tank through a water conveying pipeline; the solid waste pool and the biogas power generation system are respectively communicated with the microbial fuel cell treatment system through a pipeline A and a pipeline B, and the solid waste pool is also communicated with the water inlet filtering device through a pipeline C; the microbial fuel cell processing system comprises a reaction tank and a reaction tank sealing cover arranged on the upper end face of the reaction tank, wherein the reaction tank comprises an upper reaction section and a lower reaction section, a plurality of air cathodes are embedded in the side wall of the upper reaction section, and the outer wall of each air cathode is provided with a cathode terminal; the inner cavity of the upper reaction section is provided with a plurality of anode electrodes distributed in an array manner and worms perpendicular to the anodes, the anodes comprise upper conductive sections and insulating worm wheel sections arranged at the bottoms of the upper conductive sections, and the worms and the anodes distributed in the array manner form a worm and gear transmission mechanism; the outer side wall of the upper reaction section is provided with an engine device which drives a worm in the reaction tank to rotate; the side wall of the upper reaction section is provided with a water inlet, and the side wall of the lower reaction section is provided with a water outlet; the inner side wall of the reaction tank sealing cover is provided with a gas-liquid separation device, the gas-liquid separation device is provided with an anode terminal, and the anode terminal is used for fixing each anode and is connected with an external circuit; the gas-liquid separation device is also provided with a gas outlet for connecting a biogas power generation system.
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CN109370884A (en) * 2018-12-06 2019-02-22 黑龙江省能源环境研究院 A kind of microorganism battery system removing kitchen garbage salinity

Citations (3)

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WO2000021147A1 (en) * 1998-10-08 2000-04-13 Salvatore Celeste Electrochemical radial cell engine
CN2552947Y (en) * 2002-06-28 2003-05-28 贾石明 Aluminium electrolytic tank continuous anode device
CN204939182U (en) * 2015-05-22 2016-01-06 南通大学 A kind of Process for Treatment of Swine Wastewater system based on microbiological fuel cell

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US9074198B2 (en) * 2009-05-27 2015-07-07 University Of Massachusetts Geobacteraceae strains and methods

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000021147A1 (en) * 1998-10-08 2000-04-13 Salvatore Celeste Electrochemical radial cell engine
CN2552947Y (en) * 2002-06-28 2003-05-28 贾石明 Aluminium electrolytic tank continuous anode device
CN204939182U (en) * 2015-05-22 2016-01-06 南通大学 A kind of Process for Treatment of Swine Wastewater system based on microbiological fuel cell

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