CN108101144A - A kind of method and its application of the colloidal solid extracted in activated deposition object - Google Patents
A kind of method and its application of the colloidal solid extracted in activated deposition object Download PDFInfo
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- CN108101144A CN108101144A CN201711433883.5A CN201711433883A CN108101144A CN 108101144 A CN108101144 A CN 108101144A CN 201711433883 A CN201711433883 A CN 201711433883A CN 108101144 A CN108101144 A CN 108101144A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- C02F2101/22—Chromium or chromium compounds, e.g. chromates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method and its application of the colloidal solid extracted in activated deposition object, activation method comprises the following steps：（1）Colloidal solid is extracted from the deposit of natural water as initial colloid particle；（2）Oxidant removal organic matter is added in, magnetizes again after ageing, crystallization, finally obtains magnetization colloidal solid.The magnetization colloidal solid grain size that the present invention is obtained is small, large specific surface area, with good absorption property, polluted-water and micropollutant water rich in heavy metal and organic matter can be adsorbed, therefore there is very big application potential in the field of Environment Protection such as waste water control and ecological water body reparation.Extraction process is simple and practicable, and required drug and reagent etc. are all relatively common, therefore the extracting method is economic, practical.Meanwhile the colloidal solid extracted can be used for the research of eucolloid particle environments behavior, it can more preferable stability and migration of the simulation colloidal solid in water environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water pollution controls and water environment protection field, and in particular to the glue extracted in a kind of activated deposition object
The method of body particle and its application in wastewater purification.
Background technology
In recent years, with the progress of industrial expansion and technology, the colloid or nanoparticles of generation gradually increase.Accordingly
Ground, the colloidal solid being discharged into environment also increase therewith, these colloidal solid objects for being discharged into environment eventually enter into water body so that water
Contain substantial amounts of colloidal solid in body.
On the one hand, colloidal solid grain size is small, not free settling and for a long time be suspended in water body, water turbidity is caused persistently to rise
Height reduces amusement and the landscape value of water body.In addition, the relatively small particle of colloidal solid is but also it easily enters the thin of organism
Born of the same parents and respiratory system may bring certain potential hazard to aquatile procreation and ecosystem balance.
On the other hand, colloidal solid grain size is small, large specific surface area, has stronger adsorption capacity, can be in adsorbed water body
Heavy metal pollutants and nitrogen, phosphorus etc. cause the nutrient of body eutrophication.In addition, it was reported that deposit is colloid
The natural of grain buries place, the colloidal solid enriched containing quantity.So colloidal solid in deposit is extracted and used certain
Activation process after, containing polluted-waters such as organic matter, heavy metals or be applied to the depth of micropollutant water available for processing
Purification has certain application potential, it can be achieved that the recycling of substance, improves money in terms of water pollution control and water environment protection
The utilization rate in source meets clean manufacturing and the target of environmental protection.
China's water body is by serious pollution problem at present, such as Assessment of Organic Pollution, heavy metal pollution and as caused by nitrogen phosphorus
Eutrophication pollution etc..Interfacial Adsorption process under natural conditions has many advantages, such as that adsorption capacity is big, adsorption rate is fast, is pollution
The important channel of object removal.However, currently used adsorbent mainly includes chemosorbent and microbial adsorbent, chemistry
Adsorbent advantages of good adsorption effect, but it is expensive, alternative low；The adsorption effect of microbial adsorbent is by such environmental effects
Greatly, adsorption effect is unstable, and influence of the external microbial bacterial agent added to environment need to be analyzed further.Research and development have good
The hot issue for person's concern that the environmentally friendly adsorbent of adsorption effect has become current research.
Therefore develop the colloidal solid extracted in a kind of activated deposition object and be applied to polluter in removal water body
Method can reach the maximization of ecology, environment, economy and social benefit, for the improvement for promoting problem of environmental pollution and economic section
The establishment of about type society has important strategic importance.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of methods of the colloidal solid extracted in activated deposition object, and the colloidal solid activated can
Applied to the wastewater treatment and the deep purifying of micropollutant water by organic matter, heavy metal pollution.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of method of the colloidal solid extracted in activated deposition object, includes the following steps：
（1）Colloidal solid is extracted from the deposit of natural water as initial colloid particle；
（2）The activation of initial colloid particle：
（2-1）To reduce colloidal solid grain size, improving colloidal solid specific surface area and subsequent adsorbtion performance.Take step（1）It obtains
Initial colloid particle, add in oxidant simultaneously in 70 ~ 90 DEG C react 1 ~ 3 h, processing is centrifuged in solution after reaction, obtains
Remove the colloidal solid after organic matter；
（2-2）To improve the activity of colloidal solid and obtaining the colloidal solid of specific crystal formation.By the glue after the removal organic matter
Body particle is mixed with strong alkali solution, carries out ageing reaction, and Aging Temperature is 50 ~ 80 DEG C, and digestion time is 3 ~ 5 h, old
Change continues crystallization after reaction, and crystallization temperature is 80 ~ 100 DEG C, and crystallization time is 3 ~ 4 h, and crystallization terminates
Afterwards, filter, dried after washing, obtain activation colloidal solid；
（2-3）To improve the rate of recovery of colloidal solid, magnetization treatment is carried out to activation colloidal solid.Take a certain amount of activation
Colloidal solid adds Fe2+And Fe3+Mixed solution, control Fe2+With Fe3+Molar ratio be 1:1~1:1.5, in 70 ~ 80 DEG C of items
2 ~ 4 h are stirred under part, excesses of basic solution is slowly added dropwise afterwards and maintain 60 ~ 90 min, filters, wash afterwards, magnetized
Colloidal solid.
Further, step（1）The extracting method includes the following steps：
（1-1）The deposit in natural water is obtained, the impurity in deposit is removed, and it is dried, is ground up, sieved；
（1-2）It adds in dispersant and is ultrasonically treated, obtain gel solution；
（1-3）The gel solution standing sedimentation, taken at regular intervals upper suspension are supplemented the scattered of respective amount every time after acquisition
Agent, until solution turned clear；
（1-4）The suspension of acquisition is subjected to centrifugal treating, obtained precipitation is initial colloid particle.
Preferably, step（1-2）The dispersant is sodium carbonate liquor.Its main purpose is to maintain colloidal solid molten
It is stabilized in liquid, reduces particle agglomeration characteristic.
Preferably, step（1-2）Used by the supersound process ultrasonic power be 50 ~ 500W, ultrasonic time be 1 ~
10 min, main purpose are that broken deposit aggregate is allowed to discharge more colloidal solids.
Preferably, step（1-2）The dispersant concentration is 0.01 ~ 0.035 mol/L.
Preferably, step（1-3）Used container ratio of height to diameter preferably 1:8~1:15.
Preferably, step（1-3）The taken at regular intervals upper suspension sample refers to settle formula meter according to Stocks
The sinking speed of colloidal solid is calculated, the gel sample of corresponding settling height is obtained according to the sedimentation time.It can be adopted according to sample volume
With different sampling modes, such as liquid relief or siphon.The rotating speed of centrifugally operated is more than 4000 rpm, and centrifugation time is more than 8 min.
The dispersant of respective amount is added after per sub-sampling into container, continues standing sedimentation after mixing, until the upper strata taken is suspended
Until liquid is clarified.
Preferably, step（2-1）The oxidant is 30 ~ 40%（wt.%）H2O2Solution.
Preferably, step（2-1）Reaction process in alkali is added in into system, such as KOH or NaOH, colloidal solid can be accelerated
The dissolution of adsorption organic matter.
Preferably, step（2-1）The centrifugation, rotating speed 4000rpm, time are 8 ~ 10min.
Preferably, step（2-2）Ageing reaction temperature for 65 ~ 75 DEG C, the ageing reaction time is 4 ~ 5 h；Crystallization
Temperature is 85 ~ 95 DEG C, and the crystallization time is 3.5 ~ 4 h.
Preferably, step（2-2）The strong alkali solution be sodium hydrate aqueous solution or potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, preferably
Sodium hydrate aqueous solution.
Preferably, step（2-2）The strong alkali solution concentration is 1.5 ~ 2.5mol/L.
Preferably, step（2-3）The Fe2+And Fe3+Mixed solution be FeCl3And FeCl2Mixed solution or Fe
(NO3)3With Fe (NO3)2Mixed solution.
Preferably, step（2-3）The alkaline solution is sodium hydroxide solution or ammonia spirit, and preferably sodium hydroxide is molten
Liquid.
Preferably, step（2-3）The excess refers to that maintenance system pH value is not less than 10.
The present invention also provides a kind of magnetization colloidal solids using above-mentioned activation method.
Preferably, the magnetization colloidal solid grain size≤150nm.The magnetization colloidal solid has good absorption property,
It is a kind of composite magnetic colloidal solid being made of multi mineral.
The present invention also provides a kind of methods of above-mentioned magnetization colloidal solid purification waste water, comprise the following steps：
The magnetization colloidal solid is added in waste water, after 6 ~ 24 h of adsorption cleaning, carries out solid-liquid sedimentation separation.
Further, the dosage of the magnetization colloidal solid is 0.5 ~ 3 g/L with respect to wastewater treatment capacity.
Preferably, the pH value of the waste water is 5 ~ 9.
Preferably, the waste water is the water body by natural organic matter or heavy metal pollution.
Preferably, it is no more than in the waste water comprising one or more heavy metals, wherein single heavy metal concentration
100mg/L, various heavy total concentration are no more than 300mg/L, and Dissolved Organic Matter concentration is no more than 100mg/L
Preferably, the heavy metal includes mercury, cadmium, chromium, lead, copper, zinc, nickel or metalloid arsenic.Mercury, cadmium, chromium, lead and metalloid
Arsenic etc. belongs to the significant element of bio-toxicity, and copper, zinc, nickel belong to the element for having certain toxicity.
Preferably, the waste water is industrial wastewater, agricultural effluent or sanitary sewage.
Compared with prior art, the present invention it has the following advantages that：
1st, waste water is handled using method of the present invention, Heavy Metals in Waters ion remaval rate can reach 92 ~ 98%, also, useless
Isolated solid colloidal particle can realize effective recycling under magnetic field condition after Water warfare.
2nd, the colloidal solid raw material of activation comes from natural surroundings medium, different with artificial synthesized colloidal solid, grinds
The stability and migration of colloid in the actual environment can preferably be reflected by studying carefully its environmental behaviour.
3rd, the activation method influences the composition and structure of colloidal solid smaller, can preferably present in natural environment and deposit
Colloidal solid original looks.
4th, colloidal solid extraction and activation method are simple and practicable and at low cost.
5th, compared with other extractive techniques of colloids/nanoparticles such as centrifugal process, currently preferred standing sedimentation method error
Smaller, it is more accurate for the extraction of specified particle diameter range gels particle.
6th, extract and activate after colloidal solid can be applied to by heavy metal and natural organic matter polluted-water purification and
The advanced treating of micropollutant water, processing procedure do not generate secondary pollution.Due to the magnetic characteristic of the colloidal solid, treated
Colloidal solid can high efficiente callback, improve the utilization rate of colloidal solid.Further, since absorption of the colloidal solid to polluter
Journey has invertibity so that recycling heavy metal and other valuable substances are possibly realized.Colloidal solid is deposited extensively as nature
Substance, when by the method be applied to natural medium colloidal solid extraction when, obtained colloidal solid quantity is very considerable.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to embodiments, it may be noted that the following description be for ease of
Those skilled in the art are understood that and with the application of the invention, person skilled in the art obviously can be easily
These embodiments are made with various modifications, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiments without by creating
The work for the property made.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to embodiments discussed below, those skilled in the art's announcement according to the present invention,
Improvement and modification made without departing from the scope of the present invention all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1：The extraction and activation of colloidal solid in lake sediment
（1-1）Take Taihu Lake lake sediment sample, natural air drying, the impurity such as removal sample sand grains, plant residue, with mortar into
Row grinding, crosses 60 mesh sieves.
（1-2）Above-mentioned sediment sample 15.0g is taken, adds in the 0.025mol/L sodium carbonate liquors of 100ml, carries out scattered place
Reason, deposit suspension after ultrasound 5min, is placed in shaking table under 200w power and vibrates 12h.
（1-3）Deposit suspension is poured into, sedimentation experiment is carried out in 100ml graduated cylinders, settling formula according to Stocks calculates
It is about 0.33cm/h to the sinking speed less than 1um particles, periodically takes the upper strata sample of certain altitude, by its turns in 6000rpm
The lower centrifugation 8min removal supernatants of speed, obtain initial colloid particle.
（2-1）The hydrogenperoxide steam generator for adding in 30% reacts 1h under the conditions of 80 DEG C, and place is centrifuged in solution after reaction
Reason, rotating speed 4000rpm, time 8min obtain the colloidal solid of removal organic matter.
（2-2）The colloidal solid of organic matter and the NaOH solution of 1.5mol/L will be removed and be aged 3h under the conditions of 60 DEG C, into
And the crystallization 3h under the conditions of 90 DEG C, filtering obtain drying sample.
（2-3）It is 1 that drying sample, which adds in molar ratio,:1 FeCl2With FeCl3, 2h, then slowly drop are reacted under the conditions of 70 DEG C
Add NaOH solution so that system pH is 10 and maintains 80min, mixed liquor is filtered, washed, after freeze-drying, is obtained and is magnetized colloid
Grain.The grain size of gained magnetization colloidal solid is more than or equal to 150nm.
Embodiment 2：The extraction and activation of colloidal solid in river deposit
（1-1）Nanjing City model stream sediment sample is taken, at room temperature natural air drying, removal sample sand grains, plant residue
Impurity are waited, are ground with mortar, cross 60 mesh sieves.
（1-2）Above-mentioned sediment sample 25.0g is taken, adds in the 0.035mol/L sodium carbonate liquors of 100ml, carries out scattered place
Reason, deposit suspension after ultrasound 10min, is placed in shaking table under 100w power and vibrates 12h.
（1-3）Deposit suspension is poured into, sedimentation experiment is carried out in 100ml graduated cylinders, settling formula according to Stocks calculates
It is about 0.33cm/h to the sinking speed less than 1um particles, certain altitude upper strata sample is periodically taken, by it in the rotating speed of 5000rpm
10 minutes removal supernatants of lower centrifugation, obtain initial colloid particle.
（2-1）The hydrogenperoxide steam generator for adding in 35% reacts 2h under the conditions of 80 DEG C, and place is centrifuged in solution after reaction
Reason, rotating speed 4000rpm, time 10min obtain the colloidal solid of removal organic matter.
（2-2）The colloidal solid of organic matter and the NaOH solution of 2.0mol/L will be removed and be aged 3h under the conditions of 70 DEG C, into
And the crystallization 3.5h under the conditions of 95 DEG C, filtering obtain drying sample.
（2-3）It is 1 that drying sample, which adds in molar ratio,:1.2 Fe2+(NO3)2With Fe3+(NO3)3, reacted under the conditions of 80 DEG C
3h, then NaOH solution is slowly added dropwise so that system pH is 10 and maintains 90min, mixed liquor is filtered, washed, after freeze-drying, is obtained
Colloidal solid must be magnetized.
Embodiment 3
（1-1）The impurity such as certain lake sediment sample, natural air drying, removal sample sand grains, plant residue are taken, are carried out with mortar
60 mesh sieves are crossed in grinding.
（1-2）Above-mentioned sediment sample 20.0g is taken, adds in the 0.01mol/L sodium carbonate liquors of 100ml, carries out scattered place
Reason, deposit suspension after ultrasound 10min, is placed in shaking table under 50w power and vibrates 12h.
（1-3）Deposit suspension is poured into, sedimentation experiment is carried out in 100ml graduated cylinders, settling formula according to Stocks calculates
It is about 0.33cm/h to the sinking speed less than 1um particles, periodically takes the upper strata sample of certain altitude, by its turns in 6000rpm
The lower centrifugation 8min removal supernatants of speed, obtain initial colloid particle.
（2-1）The hydrogenperoxide steam generator for adding in 40% reacts 3h under the conditions of 70 DEG C, is added in reaction process into system
KOH, processing is centrifuged in solution after reaction, and rotating speed 4000rpm, time 9min obtain the colloid of removal organic matter
Particle.
（2-2）The colloidal solid of organic matter and the KOH solution of 2.5mol/L will be removed and be aged 4h under the conditions of 50 DEG C, and then
The crystallization 4h under the conditions of 85 DEG C, filtering obtain drying sample.
（2-3）It is 1 that drying sample, which adds in molar ratio,:1.3 FeCl2With FeCl3, 4h is reacted under the conditions of 75 DEG C, then slowly
Ammonium hydroxide is added dropwise and so that system pH is 10 and maintains 60min, mixed liquor is filtered, washed, after freeze-drying, is obtained and is magnetized colloid
Grain.The grain size of gained magnetization colloidal solid is more than or equal to 150nm.
Embodiment 4
（1-1）The impurity such as certain lake sediment sample, natural air drying, removal sample sand grains, plant residue are taken, are carried out with mortar
60 mesh sieves are crossed in grinding.
（1-2）Above-mentioned sediment sample 20.0g is taken, adds in the 0.02mol/L sodium carbonate liquors of 100ml, carries out scattered place
Reason, deposit suspension after ultrasound 1min, is placed in shaking table under 500w power and vibrates 12h.
（1-3）Deposit suspension is poured into, sedimentation experiment is carried out in 100ml graduated cylinders, settling formula according to Stocks calculates
It is about 0.33cm/h to the sinking speed less than 1um particles, periodically takes the upper strata sample of certain altitude, by its turns in 6000rpm
The lower centrifugation 8min removal supernatants of speed, obtain initial colloid particle.
（2-1）The hydrogenperoxide steam generator for adding in 35% reacts 2h under the conditions of 90 DEG C, is added in reaction process into system
NaOH, processing is centrifuged in solution after reaction, and rotating speed 4000rpm, time 8min obtain the colloid of removal organic matter
Particle.
（2-2）The colloidal solid of organic matter will be removed and the KOH solution of 1mol/L is aged 5h, Jin Er under the conditions of 65 DEG C
Crystallization 3.5h under the conditions of 80 DEG C, filtering obtain drying sample.
（2-3）It is 1 that drying sample, which adds in molar ratio,:1.4 Fe2+(NO3)2With Fe3+(NO3)3, reacted under the conditions of 75 DEG C
4h, then ammonium hydroxide is slowly added dropwise so that system pH is 10 and maintains 60min, mixed liquor is filtered, washed, after freeze-drying, obtains magnetic
Change colloidal solid.The grain size of gained magnetization colloidal solid is more than or equal to 150nm.
Embodiment 5
（1-1）The impurity such as certain river deposit sample, natural air drying, removal sample sand grains, plant residue are taken, are carried out with mortar
60 mesh sieves are crossed in grinding.
（1-2）Above-mentioned sediment sample 20.0g is taken, adds in the 0.015mol/L sodium carbonate liquors of 100ml, carries out scattered place
Reason, deposit suspension after ultrasound 3min, is placed in shaking table under 300w power and vibrates 12h.
（1-3）Deposit suspension is poured into, sedimentation experiment is carried out in 100ml graduated cylinders, settling formula according to Stocks calculates
It is about 0.33cm/h to the sinking speed less than 1um particles, periodically takes the upper strata sample of certain altitude, by its turns in 6000rpm
The lower centrifugation 8min removal supernatants of speed, obtain initial colloid particle.
（2-1）The hydrogenperoxide steam generator for adding in 35% reacts 3h under the conditions of 80 DEG C, and place is centrifuged in solution after reaction
Reason, rotating speed 4000rpm, time 8min obtain the colloidal solid of removal organic matter.
（2-2）The colloidal solid of organic matter will be removed and the KOH solution of 1mol/L is aged 4h, Jin Er under the conditions of 75 DEG C
Crystallization 3h under the conditions of 100 DEG C, filtering obtain drying sample.
（2-3）It is 1 that drying sample, which adds in molar ratio,:1.5 Fe2+(NO3)2With Fe3+(NO3)3, reacted under the conditions of 75 DEG C
4h, then ammonium hydroxide is slowly added dropwise so that system pH is 10 and maintains 60min, mixed liquor is filtered, washed, after freeze-drying, obtains magnetic
Change colloidal solid.The grain size of gained magnetization colloidal solid is more than or equal to 150nm.
Embodiment 6
（1-1）The impurity such as certain river deposit sample, natural air drying, removal sample sand grains, plant residue are taken, are carried out with mortar
60 mesh sieves are crossed in grinding.
（1-2）Above-mentioned sediment sample 20.0g is taken, adds in the 0.03mol/L sodium carbonate liquors of 100ml, carries out scattered place
Reason, deposit suspension after ultrasound 7min, is placed in shaking table under 400w power and vibrates 12h.
（1-3）Deposit suspension is poured into, sedimentation experiment is carried out in 100ml graduated cylinders, settling formula according to Stocks calculates
It is about 0.33cm/h to the sinking speed less than 1um particles, periodically takes the upper strata sample of certain altitude, by its turns in 6000rpm
The lower centrifugation 8min removal supernatants of speed, obtain initial colloid particle.
（2-1）The hydrogenperoxide steam generator for adding in 35% reacts 2h under the conditions of 70 DEG C, and place is centrifuged in solution after reaction
Reason, rotating speed 4000rpm, time 8min obtain the colloidal solid of removal organic matter.
（2-2）The colloidal solid of organic matter and the NaOH solution of 1mol/L will be removed and be aged 3h under the conditions of 80 DEG C, and then
The crystallization 4h under the conditions of 90 DEG C, filtering obtain drying sample.
（2-3）It is 1 that drying sample, which adds in molar ratio,:1.1 Fe2+(NO3)2With Fe3+(NO3)3, reacted under the conditions of 75 DEG C
4h, then ammonium hydroxide is slowly added dropwise so that system pH is 10 and maintains 70min, mixed liquor is filtered, washed, after freeze-drying, obtains magnetic
Change colloidal solid.The grain size of gained magnetization colloidal solid is more than or equal to 150nm.
Embodiment 7：Activate application of the colloidal solid in heavy metal chromium pollution water body is handled
Certain trade effluent is serious by heavy metal pollution, and wherein Cr concentration reaches 80mg/L, and the pH value of waste water is 5.Measure embodiment 1
The magnetization colloidal solid 50g obtained, is added in the water body that 20L is polluted by Cr, and standing sedimentation is carried out after being stirred to react 12h,
Supernatant is used for Cr concentration mensurations.Inductively coupled plasma emission spectrography measure reaction after Cr concentration be 6.5mg/L, the glue
Body particle reaches 92% or so to the removal rate of heavy metal Cr.
Embodiment 8：Activate application of the colloidal solid in processing heavy metal chromium, lead, mercury pollution water body
Certain trade effluent is serious by heavy metal pollution, and the concentration of wherein Cr, Pb, Hg is respectively 75mg/L, 80mg/L and 60mg/L,
The pH value of waste water is 7.The magnetization colloidal solid 60g that embodiment 1 obtains is measured, being added to 20L should be by the water body of heavy metal pollution
In, it is stirred to react and carries out standing sedimentation afterwards for 24 hours, supernatant measures for heavy metal concentration.Inductively coupled plasma method measures
Cr, Pb, Hg concentration are respectively 5.5mg/L, 6.3mg/L and 4.5mg/L after reaction, removal of the colloidal solid to mixture-metal
Rate reaches more than 92%.
Embodiment 9：Activate application of the colloidal solid in processing heavy metal chromium, lead, mercury pollution water body
Certain trade effluent is serious by heavy metal pollution, the concentration of wherein Cu, Zn, Ni be respectively 100mg/L, 100mg/L and
100mg/L, the pH value of waste water is 6.The magnetization colloidal solid 60g that embodiment 1 obtains is measured, being added to 20L should be by heavy metal-polluted
In the water body of dye, standing sedimentation is carried out after being stirred to react 6h, supernatant measures for heavy metal concentration.Inductively coupled plasma
Cr, Pb, Hg concentration are respectively 5.5mg/L, 6.3mg/L and 4.5mg/L after method measures reaction, and the colloidal solid is to mixture-metal
Removal rate reach more than 94%.
Embodiment 10：Colloidal solid is activated in processing by the application in the water body of Assessment of Organic Pollution
Certain sanitary sewage is seriously polluted by organic matter, dissolved organic carbon（DOC）Concentration reaches 100mg/L, and the pH value of waste water is 9.
The magnetization colloidal solid 60g that embodiment 1 obtains is measured, being added to 20L should be stirred to react for 24 hours in by the water body of Assessment of Organic Pollution
After carry out standing sedimentation, supernatant measures for DOC.Total organic carbon analyzer measure reaction after DOC be 35mg/L, the colloid
Grain reaches 65% to the removal rate of total organic carbon in sewage.
Embodiment 11：Activate application of the colloidal solid in water depth purification
Certain water supply plant treatment facility aging, causes water outlet not up to standard, and DOC reaches 10mg/L, and the pH value of waste water is 8.It measures and implements
The magnetization colloidal solid 50g that example 1 obtains is added in the 20L water outlets, carries out standing sedimentation after being stirred to react 14h, supernatant is used
It is measured in DOC.DOC is 1.5mg/L after total organic carbon analyzer measures reaction, reaches standards for drinking water quality, the activation
Colloidal solid reaches 85% to the removal rate of total organic carbon in sewage.
Embodiment 12：Colloidal solid is activated in processing by the application in the water body of Assessment of Organic Pollution
Certain rural sewage is seriously polluted by organic matter, dissolved organic carbon（DOC）Concentration reaches 70mg/L, and the pH value of waste water is 5.Amount
The magnetization colloidal solid 10g that Example 1 obtains, being added to 20L should be in by the water body of Assessment of Organic Pollution, after being stirred to react for 24 hours
Standing sedimentation is carried out, supernatant measures for DOC.Total organic carbon analyzer measure reaction after DOC be 20mg/L, the colloidal solid
71% is reached to the removal rate of total organic carbon in sewage.
Embodiment 13：Colloidal solid is activated in processing by the application in the water body of Assessment of Organic Pollution
Certain rural sewage is seriously polluted by organic matter, dissolved organic carbon（DOC）Concentration reaches 80mg/L, and the pH value of waste water is 6.Amount
The magnetization colloidal solid 20g that Example 1 obtains, being added to 20L should be in by the water body of Assessment of Organic Pollution, after being stirred to react for 24 hours
Standing sedimentation is carried out, supernatant measures for DOC.Total organic carbon analyzer measure reaction after DOC be 30mg/L, the colloidal solid
63% is reached to the removal rate of total organic carbon in sewage.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment be for ease of those skilled in the art be understood that and with the application of the invention,
Person skilled in the art obviously can easily make these embodiments various modifications, and described herein general
Principle is applied in other embodiments without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to embodiment here, sheets
Field technology personnel announcement according to the present invention, improvement and modification made without departing from the scope of the present invention all should be the present invention's
In protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. the method for the colloidal solid extracted in a kind of activated deposition object, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
（1）Colloidal solid is extracted from the deposit of natural water as initial colloid particle；
（2）The activation of initial colloid particle：
（2-1）Take step（1）The initial colloid particle of acquisition adds in oxidant and reacts 1 ~ 3h, solution after reaction in 70 ~ 90 DEG C
Processing is centrifuged, obtains the colloidal solid after removal organic matter；
（2-2）Colloidal solid after the removal organic matter with strong alkali solution is mixed, carries out ageing reaction, ageing temperature
It spends for 50 ~ 80 DEG C, digestion time is 3 ~ 5h, and ageing continues crystallization after reaction, and crystallization temperature is 80 ~ 100 DEG C,
Crystallization time is 3 ~ 4h, after crystallization, is dried after filtering, washing, obtains activation colloidal solid；
（2-3）A certain amount of activation colloidal solid is taken, adds Fe2+And Fe3+Mixed solution, control Fe2+With Fe3+Rub
You are than being 1:1~1:1.5, under the conditions of 70 ~ 80 DEG C stir 2 ~ 4h, be slowly added dropwise afterwards excesses of basic solution and maintain 60 ~
90min is filtered, washed afterwards, obtains magnetization colloidal solid.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, step（1）The extracting method includes the following steps：
（1-1）The deposit in natural water is obtained, the impurity in deposit is removed, and it is dried, is ground up, sieved；
（1-2）It adds in dispersant and is ultrasonically treated, obtain gel solution；
（1-3）The gel solution standing sedimentation, taken at regular intervals upper suspension are supplemented the scattered of respective amount every time after acquisition
Agent, until solution turned clear；
（1-4）The suspension of acquisition is subjected to centrifugal treating, obtained precipitation is initial colloid particle.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that step（2-1）The oxidant is that mass fraction is
30 ~ 40% H2O2Solution.
4. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that step（2-1）Reaction process in added in into system
Alkali；Preferred alkali is KOH or NaOH.
5. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that step（2-2）Preferred ageing reaction temperature for 65 ~
75 DEG C, it is 4 ~ 5 h to be preferably aged the reaction time；It is preferred that crystallization temperature is 85 ~ 95 DEG C, preferably the crystallization time for 3.5 ~
4 h。
6. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that step（2-2）The strong alkali solution is hydroxide
Sodium water solution or potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, preferably sodium hydrate aqueous solution.
7. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that step（2-3）The alkaline solution is sodium hydroxide
Solution or ammonia spirit；It is preferred that sodium hydroxide solution.
8. a kind of magnetization colloidal solid obtained using any the methods of claim 1-7.
9. a kind of method of the magnetization colloidal solid purification waste water obtained using any the methods of claim 1-7, feature
It is, comprises the following steps：
The magnetization colloidal solid is added in waste water, after 6 ~ 24 h of adsorption cleaning, carries out solid-liquid sedimentation separation.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, it is described magnetization colloidal solid dosage with respect to waste water at
Reason amount is 0.5 ~ 3 g/L.
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| US20120061317A1 (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-03-15 | Beng Joo Reginald Thio | Magnetic Pollen Grains as Sorbents for Organic Pollutants in Aqueous Media |
| US8790615B2 (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2014-07-29 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas | Methods of synthesizing carbon-magnetite nanocomposites from renewable resource materials and application of same |
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| US8790615B2 (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2014-07-29 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas | Methods of synthesizing carbon-magnetite nanocomposites from renewable resource materials and application of same |
| US20120061317A1 (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-03-15 | Beng Joo Reginald Thio | Magnetic Pollen Grains as Sorbents for Organic Pollutants in Aqueous Media |
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| 李海明等: "渤海滩涂湿地沉积物胶体对石油污染物的吸附特征", 《湿地科学》 * |
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