CN108083831A - A kind of ceramic frication material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of ceramic frication material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of ceramic frication materials, are related to brake disc field, and ceramic frication material provided by the invention includes, fiber preform skeleton and the ceramic material and nucleating agent that are coated on the fiber preform skeleton；The ceramic material includes aluminium oxide, lithia, silica, molybdenum trioxide, zirconium silicate.Ceramic frication material of the present invention uses nucleating agent, by adjusting crystalline and size in ceramic material, effectively increases the intensity, hardness and fracture toughness of ceramic material, while increases the interface bond strength between ceramic material and fiber.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to brake disc fields, and in particular to a kind of ceramic frication material with high hardness at high temperature.
Background technology
Brake disc also known as brake disc are the important composition components of brake system of car.Brake disc is in motor racing and vehicle
Wheel rotates together, and brake caliper clamps brake disc during brake, generates friction with the rubbing surface of brake disc, and then plays the work of deceleration
With.So the good braking performance and good of brake disc is directly related to the security of driving.Cast iron casting brake disc is cheap, former due to its
Material derives from a wealth of sources and commonly used.But as the requirement to car speed and security performance is constantly promoted, to brake disc
Requirement be also continuously improved.And cast iron casting brake disc is due to its easy hot tearing, high-performing car cannot be met gradually by wearing no resistance
Requirement.Using aluminium alloy as basis material on the surface of its work the good friction material of embedded performance as working face,
So while brake disc braking ability is not reduced, the quality of brake disc is greatly reduced, but aluminum alloy materials heat is steady
Qualitative bad, mechanical strength can drastically decline after temperature is more than 350 DEG C, the defects of disk body unstability occurs.This requires embedding
Enter in the friction material on aluminium alloy while with good frictional behaviour, high-fracture toughness, will also have it is good every
It is hot.
A kind of friction materials based on braided fiber of Chinese patent CN105041921A and preparation method thereof, it discloses bases
Include organic elastomer, braided fiber, reinforcing filler, friction modifier and coupling agent in the friction material of braided fiber.Wherein
Reinforcing filler include copper oxide, aluminium oxide, carborundum, silicon nitride, carbon nanotubes, chromium oxide, titanium oxide, silica, Cu-Zn alloy powder,
One or more of potassium titanate, zinc oxide and boron nitride.Organic elastomer is rubber.The friction material is made with braided fiber
For skeleton, the fracture toughness of friction material is not only increased, and also improves the heat-proof quality of friction material；And it is added in
Rubber type of material adjusts the hardness of friction material, the damage that avoids material hardness excessively high to antithesis as organic elastomer
Greatly.But the thermal stability of this kind of material is equally bad, when at 300-400 DEG C, the rubber constituent in the friction material can be sent out
, there is the situation of structural instability in raw softening, and the hardness and frictional behaviour for causing the friction material decline.
The content of the invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the thermostabilization of friction material of the prior art poor, leads
The defects of its hardness and frictional behaviour is caused to decline.Material is wiped so as to provide a kind of ceramics.
For this purpose, the present invention provides following technical solution：
A kind of ceramic frication material, including fiber preform skeleton is with coating ceramic material and nucleation on it
Agent；The ceramic material includes lithia, silica, aluminium oxide, molybdenum trioxide and zirconium silicate.
The mass ratio of the ceramic material and the carbon fiber precast body skeleton is 50-75：25-50.
The one kind of the fiber preform skeleton in carbon fiber, basalt fibre, silicon carbide fibre.
The fibre preforms frame structure is 2.5 dimension precast bodies of pin thorn braiding or 3 D weaving precast body.
The nucleating agent is one or more of in titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, phosphorus pentoxide and diboron trioxide.
The ceramic material needs corresponding binding agent when preparing.
The binding agent is made of solute and solvent two parts, and wherein it is even to be selected from Ludox, ethyl orthosilicate, silane for solute
Join one or more of in agent, Aluminum sol, butyl titanate and aluminium dihydrogen phosphate, wherein solvent is selected from deionized water and/or anhydrous
Ethyl alcohol.
The lithia, the silica, the aluminium oxide, the molybdenum trioxide, the mass ratio of the zirconium silicate are：
1-5：55-70：2-30：0-10：0-5.
The ceramic material, the carbon fiber precast body skeleton, the nucleating agent, the mass ratio of the binding agent are 50-
75：25-50：0.5-10：0.5-10：17-35.
A kind of method for preparing the ceramic frication material, includes the following steps：
(1) lithia, silica, aluminium oxide, molybdenum trioxide, zirconium silicate, nucleating agent with binding agent are mixed, is made pottery
Porcelain slurries；
(2) fiber cloth stacking is molded, carbon fiber orientation is in 0~90 ° of angle between layers, is pierced between layer using pin
Processing is fixed in method or 3 D weaving method, then carries out medium temperature dumping processing at 200 DEG C~600 DEG C, obtains fiber preform
Skeleton；
(3) fiber preform skeleton is immersed in ceramic slurries, time 0.5h~3.0h of dipping, temperature 30 DEG C~90
Between DEG C, 10%~40wt.% of concentration of the ceramics slurries；
(4) 85 DEG C~200 DEG C are first heated to after the soaking paste of fiber preform skeleton and extra solvent is excluded in dry environment；
(5) step (3) and step (4) are repeated, until the mass ratio for reaching fiber preform skeleton and ceramic slurries is 1:2
~20, at 1400 DEG C~1800 DEG C, under 20MPa~200MPa, hot-pressing processing, so as to obtain the ceramic frication material.
The binding agent is made of solute and solvent two parts, and wherein it is even to be selected from Ludox, ethyl orthosilicate, silane for solute
Join one or more of in agent, Aluminum sol, butyl titanate and aluminium dihydrogen phosphate, wherein solvent is selected from deionized water and/or anhydrous
Ethyl alcohol.The binding agent is added in the ceramic slurries of step (1).
In the ceramics slurries, the lithia, the silica, the aluminium oxide, the molybdenum trioxide, the silicon
Sour zirconium, nucleating agent, the mass ratio of binding agent and solvent are：2-30：1-5：55-70：1-10：1-5:0.5-10:0.5-10：2.5-
50。
Technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages that：
1. the present invention provides a kind of ceramic frication material, including, fiber preform skeleton and to be coated on the fiber pre-
Ceramic material and nucleating agent on body skeleton processed；
The ceramic material includes aluminium oxide, lithia, silica, molybdenum trioxide and zirconium silicate.The composite fibre
In, using nucleating agent, the species and size of the crystal of ceramic material can be not only adjusted, so as to effectively raise ceramic material
Hardness and fracture toughness, and can effectively increase the adhesiveness of ceramic material and fiber.
2. the present invention provides a kind of ceramic frication materials, it is made up of aluminium oxide, magnesia, silica and zirconium silicate
The mass ratio of the ceramic material and the fiber preform skeleton be 50-75：25-50；
Aluminium oxide, lithia, silica, molybdenum trioxide and zirconium silicate, binding agent and nucleating agent compounding use, improve
The addition of the thermal stability of ceramic frication material, wherein molybdenum trioxide and zirconium silicate plays the role of coefficient of friction modifiers；
By detection, 62 are can reach in 20 DEG C of Brinell hardness, 59 can be reached in 400 DEG C of Brinell hardness, the thermal weight loss at 1000 DEG C
＜ 5wt%.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described embodiment is this hair
Bright part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not having
All other embodiments obtained under the premise of creative work are made, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.In addition, below
Involved technical characteristic as long as they do not conflict with each other can be mutual in described different embodiments of the present invention
With reference to.
Embodiment 1-7
A kind of ceramic frication material preparation method is present embodiments provided, is included the following steps：
(1) lithia, silica, aluminium oxide, molybdenum trioxide, zirconium silicate, nucleating agent with binding agent are mixed, is made pottery
Porcelain slurries；
(2) fiber preform skeleton is immersed in ceramic slurries, time 0.5h~2.0h of dipping, temperature 50 C~90
DEG C, the quality amount ratio 1 of fiber preform skeleton and ceramic slurries:2-20, the concentration 20%~40% of ceramic slurries；
(3) 85 DEG C~200 DEG C are first heated to after the soaking paste of fiber preform skeleton and extra solvent are excluded in dry environment,
The fiber preform skeleton is woven into carbon cloth；
(4) fiber cloth stacking is molded, fiber-wall-element model is in 0~90 ° of angle between layers, and needle point method is used between layer
Processing is fixed, is then handled in 200 DEG C~600 DEG C dumpings, it is therefore an objective to the gas of residual solvent when reducing follow-up hot pressed sintering
The unsound problem of composite material caused by change effect, obtains friction material precast body；
(5) at 1400 DEG C~1800 DEG C, under 20Mpa~500MPa, hot-pressing processing, so as to obtain the ceramic friction material
Material.
1 embodiment 1-7 each component weights of table
| Embodiment | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Fiber preform skeleton | 35 | 25 | 40 | 50 | 30 | 45 | 28 |
| Ceramic material | 50 | 75 | 55 | 65 | 60 | 70 | 67 |
| Nucleating agent | 3 | 5 | 8 | 0.5 | 10 | 9 | 6 |
| Binding agent | 0.5 | 10 | 5 | 8 | 10 | 3.5 | 4.5 |
The proportioning of the ceramic material of 2 embodiment 1-7 of table
| Embodiment (wt.%) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Lithia | 1 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 1.5 | 2.3 |
| Silica | 69 | 67 | 63 | 58 | 70 | 65 | 55 |
| Aluminium oxide | 2 | 15 | 8 | 20 | 10 | 30 | 25 |
| Molybdenum trioxide | 8 | 10 | 0 | 7 | 9 | 3 | 5 |
| Zirconium silicate | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 1.5 |
The nucleating agent ingredient and weight of 3 embodiment 1-7 of table
The binding agent raw material of 4 embodiment 1-7 of table and the weight binding agent of ingredient and solvent 0.5-10 of solvent：
2.5-50
The selection of the fiber preform skeleton of 5 embodiment 1-7 of table
| Embodiment 1 | Carbon fiber |
| 2 | Basalt fibre |
| 3 | Silicon carbide fibre |
| 4 | Carbon fiber |
| 5 | Basalt fibre |
| 6 | Silicon carbide fibre |
| 7 | Basalt fibre |
Compliance test result
1. to the hardness test of ceramic friction composite material under high temperature and room temperature；
With THB-3000MDX touch-screen Brinell hardness testers, the ceramic frication material that indentation method is selected to prepare embodiment 1-7
Brinell hardness (HBW) in the case where temperature is 20 DEG C and 400 DEG C is detected；Test result is shown in Table 6.
Specially：The embodiment 1-7 ceramic frication materials prepared are cut into the examination that size is 20mm × 20mm × 10mm
Test block, pressure head diameter 10mm.
Table 6
| Embodiment | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Brinell hardness (20 DEG C) | 59 | 58 | 62 | 60 | 57 | 59 | 61 |
| Brinell hardness (400 DEG C) | 58 | 55 | 55 | 59 | 58 | 58 | 57 |
2. the inspection of value range between coefficient of friction 0.35-0.50 of pair ceramic friction composite material under high temperature and room temperature
It surveys
According to《SAE J2522》Measurement of power disc brake performance criteria is to the embodiment 1-7 ceramic frication materials prepared
Coefficient of friction is detected, and testing result is shown in Table 7.
Table 7
| Embodiment | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Coefficient of friction | 0.443 | 0.445 | 0.442 | 0.439 | 0.451 | 0.447 | 0.450 |
3. the thermal conductivity factor of pair ceramic friction composite material is detected
Using resistance to LFA447 laser thermal conductivity coefficient measurement instrument the rubbing to the embodiment 1-7 ceramic frication materials prepared of speeding of Germany
It wipes coefficient to be detected, testing result is shown in Table 8.
It specifically tests and is：Ceramic frication material prepared by embodiment 1-7 cuts into the survey that size is Φ 12.6mm × 3.0mm
Sample, for test mark according to international standard ASTM E 1461, test temperature is 20 DEG C.
Table 8
4. the fracture toughness of pair ceramic frication material, the coefficient of expansion, Young's modulus of elasticity, bending strength are detected
It is strong to the fracture toughness of the embodiment 1-7 ceramic frication materials prepared, the coefficient of expansion, Young's modulus of elasticity, bending resistance
Degree detection, testing result are shown in 9.
Table 9
5. a pair ceramic friction composite material thermal weight loss is detected
The embodiment 1-7 ceramic frication material thermal weight losses prepared are detected, specific test method is：
Ceramic frication material is cut into the sample that size is Φ 30mm × 10mm, in 20 DEG C of room temperature, sample is being analyzed
Quality is weighed on balance.Sample is put into moderate oven afterwards, 1000 DEG C are heated under air environment, after keeping the temperature 1h,
After taking-up is cooled to room temperature, dry state sample is weighed on assay balance again, and test result is shown in Table 10.
Table 10
Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and is not intended to limit the embodiments.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of variation or
It changes.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And the obvious variation thus extended out or
Among changing still in the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of ceramic frication material, which is characterized in that including, ceramic material of the fiber preform skeleton with cladding on it,
And nucleating agent；The ceramic material includes lithia, silica, aluminium oxide, molybdenum trioxide and zirconium silicate.
2. ceramic frication material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ceramic material and the prefabricated carbon fiber
The mass ratio of body skeleton is 50-75：25-50.
3. ceramic frication material according to claim 2, which is characterized in that it is fine that the fiber preform skeleton is selected from carbon
One kind in dimension, basalt fibre, silicon carbide fibre.
4. ceramic frication material according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the fibre preforms frame structure pierces for pin
The 2.5 dimension precast bodies or 3 D weaving precast body of braiding.
5. ceramic frication material according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the nucleating agent is selected from titanium dioxide, two
It is one or more of in zirconium oxide, phosphorus pentoxide and diboron trioxide.
6. ceramic frication material according to claim 5, which is characterized in that needed when prepared by the ceramic material corresponding
Binding agent.
7. binding agent according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the binding agent is made of solute and solvent two parts,
Wherein solute is a kind of in Ludox, ethyl orthosilicate, silane coupling agent, Aluminum sol, butyl titanate and aluminium dihydrogen phosphate
Or it is several, wherein solvent is selected from deionized water and/or absolute ethyl alcohol.
8. ceramic frication material according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the lithia, the silica, described
Aluminium oxide, the molybdenum trioxide, the mass ratio of the zirconium silicate are：1-5：55-70：2-30：0-10：0-5.
9. ceramic frication material according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the ceramic material, the prefabricated carbon fiber
Body skeleton, the nucleating agent, the mass ratio of the binding agent are 50-75：25-50：0.5-10：0.5-10.
10. a kind of method for preparing any ceramic frication materials of claim 1-9, includes the following steps：
(1) lithia, silica, aluminium oxide, molybdenum trioxide, zirconium silicate, nucleating agent with binding agent are mixed, obtains ceramic slurry
Liquid；
(2) fiber cloth stacking is molded, carbon fiber orientation is in 0~90 ° of angle between layers, between layer using needle point method or
Processing is fixed in 3 D weaving method, then carries out medium temperature dumping processing at 200 DEG C~600 DEG C, obtains fiber preform skeleton；
(3) fiber preform skeleton is immersed in ceramic slurries, time 0.5h~3.0h of dipping, 30 DEG C~90 DEG C of temperature it
Between, 10%~40wt.% of concentration of the ceramics slurries；
(4) 85 DEG C~200 DEG C are first heated to after the soaking paste of fiber preform skeleton and extra solvent is excluded in dry environment；
(5) step (3) and step (4) are repeated, until the mass ratio for reaching fiber preform skeleton and ceramic slurries is 1:2~
20, at 1400 DEG C~1800 DEG C, under 20MPa~200MPa, hot-pressing processing, so as to obtain the ceramic frication material.
11. preparation method according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the binding agent is by solute and solvent two parts group
Into wherein solute is one in Ludox, ethyl orthosilicate, silane coupling agent, Aluminum sol, butyl titanate and aluminium dihydrogen phosphate
Kind is several, and wherein solvent is selected from deionized water and/or absolute ethyl alcohol；
In the ceramics slurries, the lithia, the silica, the aluminium oxide, the molybdenum trioxide, the silicic acid
Zirconium, nucleating agent, the mass ratio of binding agent and solvent are：2-30：1-5：55-70：1-10：1-5:0.5-10:0.5-10：2.5-
50。
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