CN108083447B - Method for promoting duckweed to rapidly purify micro-polluted surface water by utilizing high-quality light source - Google Patents
Method for promoting duckweed to rapidly purify micro-polluted surface water by utilizing high-quality light source Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of aquatic energy plant environment restoration, and particularly relates to a method for promoting duckweed to quickly purify micro-polluted surface water by using a high-quality light source. On the basis of white light, unnecessary spectrums are removed, and only R under specific wavelength and light quantum flux density is used: the duckweed is cultured by the red-blue mixed light with the ratio of B to 4:1, so that the consumption of light energy is effectively reduced, the power resource is saved, and the effect is obviously superior to that of white light, single light and other combined red-blue mixed light. The water purifying method is non-toxic and harmless, is environment-friendly, and can rapidly purify pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in water. When the water body is purified, the cultured duckweed can also quickly grow and accumulate starch, and can be further processed into medicinal materials, food, feed and the like after the treatment of the micro-polluted water body is finished, so that the comprehensive utilization rate is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aquatic energy plant environment restoration, and particularly relates to a method for promoting duckweed to quickly purify micro-polluted surface water by using a high-quality light source.
Background
Surface water is one of the important sources of water for human life, but the current pollution situation is severe. The surface water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002) stipulates that I-III water can be used as drinking water for human beings, and IV-V water belongs to a slightly polluted water body and can only be used as industrial or agricultural water. As the population continues to grow, the human-water relationship is increasingly tense, and the treatment of micro-polluted surface water is urgent.
At present, the main method for purifying the micro-polluted surface water body comprises the following steps: biological activated carbon adsorption, ion exchange, membrane filtration treatment, electrodeionization, electrodialysis and the like. Although the above methods can play a certain role, they have limitations at the same time.
Wherein, the biological activated carbon has longer adsorption period, is greatly influenced by water temperature and can cause biological leakage, and pathogenic microorganisms in the water body directly harm human health; the regeneration and reduction of resin in the ion exchange treatment need the treatment of acid and alkali liquor, and the subsequent regeneration liquid is difficult to treat; although the membrane filtration treatment technology has good effect, the construction and operation cost is high, the problems of membrane blockage, back washing and the like are easy to occur in the treatment of micro-polluted water, and certain trace elements beneficial to human bodies can be removed; electrodeionization and electrodialysis increase the electric energy input, and have too high power consumption and poor economy.
Therefore, it is very important to find a new environment-friendly micro-polluted surface water treatment method. In recent years, duckweed is gradually paid attention to the capability of obviously removing substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in water, has the characteristics of low energy consumption, low cost, environmental friendliness and the like when treating water pollution, and shows good micro-polluted water treatment prospect. But still has the limitations of itself: generally, the duckweed can only be propagated in a large-area shallow water area, and the propagation speed is obviously reduced in mountainous areas, cities and the like which are not suitable for illumination and have less open land, so that the requirement of purifying slightly polluted water bodies cannot be met.
Light intensity, light period, light quality or spectral energy distribution and the like are important factors influencing the growth and development of plants. The existing research shows that single red light, blue light, green light and yellow light, a red-blue combined light, a red-blue-green combined light and the like have obvious promotion effect on the growth of certain plants. As suggested in a report entitled "Effect of different light qualities on the growth and physiological characteristics of tomato seedlings", a single red light can increase the carbohydrate content of tomato seedlings. However, different plants may have different effects of light and may even inhibit growth. As indicated in a report entitled "Blue light dose-response of photosynthetic synthesis, morphology, and chemical composition of Cucumis grower differential combinations of red and Blue light", cucumbers grown under a single red light produce a photosynthetic disturbance, and 7% of the Blue light can reverse this phenomenon, and their photosynthetic capacity is highest at a Blue light proportion of 50%.
However, the relevant research on the influence of different light quality or spectral energy distribution on the growth of the duckweed is not reported, and the method has important practical significance for improving the survival capacity of the duckweed and effectively treating the slightly polluted water body by discussing the influence of single light or mixed light mixed in a proper proportion on the growth of the duckweed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for promoting duckweed to quickly purify micro-polluted surface water by utilizing a high-quality light source.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for promoting duckweed to quickly purify micro-polluted surface water by utilizing a high-quality light source comprises the following steps: inoculating duckweed into the slightly polluted water body to be treated, and placing the duckweed in a red light: culturing the blue light under red-blue mixed light with the ratio of 1: 1-7: 1, wherein the ratio of the red light to the blue light is the ratio of the light quantum flux density; the peak wavelength of the red light is 660 nm; the peak wavelength of the blue light is 450 nm.
Preferably, the red light: blue light 4: 1.
Preferably, the light quantum flux density of the red-blue mixed light is 80-200 mu mol/m2/s。
Preferably, the light quantum flux density of the red-blue mixed light is 110 μmol/m2/s。
Preferably, the half-height peak width of the red light is not higher than 15 nm; the half-height peak width of the blue light is not higher than 20 nm.
Preferably, the temperature of the culture is 25 ℃.
Preferably, the culture time is 2-7 days.
Preferably, the inoculation amount of the duckweed is 80-100%.
Preferably, the red-blue mixed light is provided by a red LED lamp and a blue LED lamp in combination.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method for purifying the micro-polluted surface water is non-toxic, harmless and environment-friendly, and can quickly purify pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in water.
2. When the method is used for culturing the duckweed, unnecessary spectra are removed on the basis of white light, only red-blue mixed light is used, and the light in the duckweed culture process is effectively reducedEnergy consumption, saving power resources and achieving the effect which is remarkably superior to white light. Experiments show that the light quantum flux density is 110 mu mol/m2The duckweed is cultured under the illumination condition of/s, and compared with the traditional white light LED lamp as a light source, the adopted red-blue mixed light LED lamp can reduce the electric energy consumption by 12.56 percent.
3. The present inventors have surprisingly found that, at R: when the B is cultured under the combined light with the specific ratio of 4:1, the growth efficiency and the effect of removing micro-polluted water bodies of the duckweed are optimal, and the effect is far better than that of white light, single light or red-blue light with other ratios.
4. The duckweed cultured by the method disclosed by the invention can quickly grow and accumulate starch while purifying the water body, and can be further processed into medicinal materials, food, feed and the like after the treatment of the slightly polluted water body is finished, so that the comprehensive utilization rate is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of duckweed on nitrogen removal in class IV water under different light qualities;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the effect of duckweed on nitrogen removal in class V water under different light qualities;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of duckweed on removing phosphorus from class IV water under different light conditions;
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the effect of duckweed on removing phosphorus from class V water under different light qualities;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the comparison of the biomass accumulation of duckweed in type IV water under different light qualities;
FIG. 6 is a graph comparing the biomass accumulation of duckweed in class V water under different light qualities;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the comparison of the dry basis growth rate of duckweed under different light qualities in class IV water;
FIG. 8 is a graph comparing the dry basis growth rate of duckweed in class V water under different light qualities;
FIG. 9 is a graph comparing the increase in starch content in class IV water for duckweed under different light qualities;
FIG. 10 is a graph comparing the increase in starch content of duckweed in class V water for different light qualities;
FIG. 11 is a graph comparing the rate of starch accumulation in class IV water for duckweed under different light qualities;
FIG. 12 is a graph comparing the starch accumulation rates of duckweed in class V water for different light qualities;
FIG. 13 is a graph comparing the weight of starch in class IV water for duckweed under different light qualities;
FIG. 14 is a graph comparing the weight of starch in class V water for duckweed under different light qualities.
Detailed Description
The method for promoting the duckweed to rapidly purify the micro-polluted surface water by utilizing the high-quality light source is further explained by the following embodiments and comparative examples.
1. Preparation of duckweed
In the following examples and comparative examples, duckweed (landoltia.punctata 0202), abbreviated as l.punctata0202, collected from xinjin county, city, sichuan province in china, and duckweed of the above variety was stored in a duckweed germplasm database at the institute of biology of the achievement of the academy of sciences in china.
2. Preparation of micro-polluted water body
In the following examples and comparative examples, ammonium sulfate and potassium nitrate were added to tap water in accordance with the IV and V water quality specified in the Standard on the quality of Water surface Environment (GB3838-2002), respectively, to make the contents of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus in the prepared water meet the theoretical IV and V water quality standards. NH in adjusted IV-class water body4 +-N is 1.65mg/L, TP is 0.32mg/L, pH-7.2, NH in water of class V4+-N2.01 mg/L, TP 0.47mg/L, pH-7.1.
3. Method for measuring and calculating duckweed starch content and micro-polluted water body treatment effect
In the following examples and comparative examples, the determination method of the content of duckweed starch is as follows: respectively crushing dried duckweed into powder, weighing 0.03-0.06 g of duckweed dry powder, placing the duckweed dry powder into a 250mL ground conical flask, adding 30mL of 6mol/L HCl solution and 100mL of distilled water, installing a condensing tube, and placing the mixture in a boiling water bath for refluxing for 2 hours. And (4) after the reflux is finished, immediately cooling the duckweed sample hydrolysate by using flowing water, and adding NaOH to adjust the pH value of the hydrolysate to 7 after the duckweed sample hydrolysate is cooled to room temperature. Then adding 20mL of 20 wt% lead acetate solution, shaking uniformly, standing for 10min, transferring to a 500mL volumetric flask, adding distilled water to a constant volume of 500mL, filtering, discarding the primary filtrate, collecting 5mL of filtrate, passing through a preactivated reverse phase C18 solid phase extraction column, discarding the primary 1-2 mL, collecting the subsequent 3-4 mL, and filtering with a 0.22 mu m water-based filter membrane to obtain the filtrate.
(1) Measuring the real-time phosphorus content in water by using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICP); the real-time nitrogen content in water is jointly measured by a German WTW multifunctional water quality analyzer (The SpectroQuant Analysis System PhotoLab 6100) and German Merck company (Merck) with a reagent matched with The analyzer, and The measuring method is carried out according to The reagent and The instrument instruction.
(2) Measuring the glucose content in the filtrate by using HPLC, and then according to the formula: the starch content, glucose content/1.1, was calculated as duckweed starch content.
(3) The accumulation rate of duckweed starch is calculated according to the following formula:
Gstarch＝(Ct×Wt-C0×W0) Unit of/100/S/t: g/m2/d
Gs＝GStarch× 365 × 10000/1000/1000 units t/hac/y (ton/hectare/year)
In the above formula, GStarchThe starch accumulation rate (g/m)2/d)CtThe content (%) of the duckweed starch in t days, C0The initial starch content (%) of duckweed, WtDry weight (g), W of duckweed harvested for t days0Is the initial starch dry weight (g), S is the inoculation area (m)2) And t is the incubation time (d).
4. Reagent preparation
(1) The preparation method of the Hoagland culture solution comprises the following steps:
1) a, B, C, D, E, F kinds of mother liquor were prepared from distilled water according to the concentrations of the reagents in the mother liquor formulation shown in Table 1. Wherein, when preparing mother liquor A, firstly, using 6mol/L HCl solution to dissolve Ca (NO)3)2·4H2O、KNO3、KH2PO4Dissolving, and then adding distilled water to prepare target concentration; when preparing the mother liquor D, dissolving EDTA by 6mol/L KOH solution, and then adding distilled water to prepare the target concentration; the rest mother liquor is directly prepared by distilled water.
2) The final Hoagland culture solution is obtained by respectively preparing and fully mixing the addition amounts of various mother solutions in each liter of the Hoagland culture solution and the method in the step 1) according to the table 1, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 5.0 by using HCl and NaOH. The concentration of the N element in the prepared Hoagland culture solution is 349.73mg/L, and the concentration of the P element is 154.89 mg/L.
TABLE 1 composition table of mother liquor formulas of Hoagland culture solution
(2)1/5 Hoagland culture solution preparation method:
and (2) uniformly mixing the Hoagland culture solution prepared in the step (1) with distilled water with the volume of 4 times of that of the culture solution.
5. Light source preparation
In the following respective proportions, the light source is a common white light LED lamp, and the light quality composition is blue light: green light: red light (B: G: R) ═ 37: 45: 28.
the ratio of each light is a ratio of light quantum flux density, which refers to the light density of the corresponding light source on the surface inoculated with duckweed.
In the following embodiments, red light is provided from a red LED lamp, the peak wavelength is 660nm, and the peak width at half maximum is 15nm, which will be referred to as R hereinafter; blue light is provided by a blue LED lamp, the peak wavelength is 450nm, the half-height peak width is 20nm, and the blue light is referred to as B in the following.
Among them, the peak width at half height is a requirement for light quality. The smaller the half-height peak width is, the closer the peak wavelength of light is to the requirements of red light and blue light (660nm and 450nm), the better the light quality is; the half-height peak width is the upper limit of the light source, the wavelength of the corresponding light is changed when the half-height peak width exceeds the upper limit, the water purification time of the duckweed is correspondingly prolonged, and the effect of water purification can still be achieved as long as the wavelength of the red light and the wavelength of the blue light still belong to the wavelength range.
In the attached drawings of the specificationAll red-blue light of (a): the wavelength of red light is 660nm, the wavelength of blue light is 450nm, and R: red-blue mixed light with B being 4:1, the light quantum flux density of the mixed light is 110 mu mol/m2/s。
6. The purification standard of the micro-polluted water body reaches the standard: the standard of class I water specified in the environmental quality Standard of surface Water (GB3838-2002) is met: the nitrogen content is lower than 0.15 mg/L; the phosphorus content is less than 0.02 mg/L. The ideal state is: the purification reaches the standard within 2d and shorter time.
The following examples and comparative examples were carried out simultaneously.
Comparative example 1: culture of duckweed under common white light to purify IV-class water
(1) At a surface area of 54cm2500mL of IV-class water was added to the culture vessel, taking an initial starch content of 4.51 wt% and an initial biomass of 14.07g/m on a dry basis2Transferring 1.0g of fresh duckweed into the culture container (coverage rate is about 100%), adopting common white light LED lamp as light source, and light quantum flux density is 110 μmol/m at 25 deg.C2Culturing for 7 days in full light at the illumination condition of/s, and supplementing water with distilled water to the height of the original liquid level every day.
And when other conditions are the same, the inoculation coverage rate of the duckweed is 80-100%, and the water purification effect is not changed greatly. For convenience of operation and exposition, inoculation rates of around 100% coverage are all used herein.
(2) Collecting duckweed at time points by sampling on days 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 of culture, washing the duckweed sample with distilled water for 3 times, placing the duckweed sample in a filter bag to remove free water through a dehydrator, drying the duckweed sample in an oven at 60 ℃ overnight to constant weight, and weighing and recording.
And crushing the duckweed into powder, measuring the glucose content by using HPLC, and calculating the starch content according to the formula. The dry weight and starch content of the duckweed from each sampling were measured to calculate the biomass, dry matter accumulation rate, starch content, starch yield and starch accumulation rate of the duckweed, and the results are shown in FIGS. 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13. Here, biomass (bioglass) means the total amount of organic matter (dry weight) per unit area of living body at the time of measurement.
Accumulation from Biomass and Dry matter in FIGS. 5 and 7The rate data shows that the biomass of the duckweed is 23.47g/m in the 7 days of the standard treatment of the micro-polluted water and the continuous growth process of the duckweed2(1d)、32.59g/m2(2d)、44.27g/m2(3d)、58.28g/m2(5d) And 69.79g/m2(7d) In that respect The average dry matter accumulation rate of the duckweed is 9.39g/m2d(1d)、9.25g/m2d(2d)、10.06g/m2d(3d)、8.84g/m2d (5d) and 7.69g/m2d (7d), the duckweed grows normally.
As can be seen from the starch content data in FIGS. 9, 11, and 13, the average starch content of duckweed was 20.80% (3d) and the starch accumulation rate was 3.05g/m2d (3 d). Combining biomass and the starch content of duckweed yields: the starch yield of the duckweed is: 0.049g (3 d).
(3) Samples were taken on days 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 during the incubation period, and the concentrations of contaminants in each vessel were determined and the nitrogen and phosphorus removals of the micro-contaminated water by duckweed were calculated (results are shown in FIGS. 1 and 3), with the concentrations of each contaminant in the water shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Effect of duckweed cultured under ordinary white light on purifying type IV water
As can be seen from Table 2, the duckweed cultured under the common white light (red-blue-green mixed light) has an unsatisfactory effect of removing phosphorus in water the next day, and is purified to reach the water standard of class I on the earth surface on the third day, and the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water hardly change after reaching the standard.
Example 1: purification of IV-class water by culturing duckweed under single red light
(1) According to the operation steps of comparative example 1, the light source is changed from a common white light LED lamp to a red light LED lamp, the rest conditions are completely the same, and the cultivation is carried out for 7 days under full illumination. Samples were taken on days 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7, respectively.
(2) The dry weight and starch content of duckweed from each sampling were determined as in comparative example 1, and the biomass, dry matter accumulation rate, starch content, starch yield and starch accumulation rate of duckweed were calculated, and the results are shown in FIGS. 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13.
As can be seen from the biomass and dry matter accumulation rate data in FIGS. 5 and 7, the biomass of duckweed was 25.63g/m2(1d)、34.59g/m2(2d)、52.66g/m2(3d)、67.25g/m2(5d) And 72.30g/m2(7d) In that respect The average dry matter accumulation rate of the duckweed is 11.56g/m2d(1d)、10.26g/m2d(2d)、12.86g/m2d(3d)、10.63g/m2d (5d) and 8.32g/m2d (7d), the duckweed grows normally.
As can be seen from the starch content data in FIGS. 9, 11, and 13, the average starch content of duckweed was 28.9% (3d) and the starch accumulation rate was 4.86g/m2d (3 d). Combining biomass and the starch content of duckweed yields: the starch yield of the duckweed is: 0.078g (3 d).
(3) Samples were taken on days 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 during the incubation period, and the concentrations of contaminants in each vessel were determined and the nitrogen and phosphorus removals of the micro-contaminated water by duckweed were calculated (results are shown in FIGS. 1 and 3), with the concentrations of each contaminant in the water shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Effect of Duckweed cultured under Single Red light on Water purification of class IV
The results show that the growth of the duckweed and the treatment of the slightly polluted water body in the single red light culture are obviously superior to the growth condition and the decontamination effect in the white light culture under the same conditions in the first three days; especially, the removal rate of phosphorus on the next day is 1.35 times of that under white light treatment; but the water purification treatment can reach the standard only by the third day.
Example 2: purification of IV-class water by culturing duckweed under single blue light
(1) According to the operation steps of comparative example 1, the light source is changed from a common white light LED lamp to a blue light LED lamp, the rest conditions are completely the same, and the cultivation is carried out for 7 days under full illumination. Samples were taken on days 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7, respectively.
(2) The dry weight and starch content of duckweed from each sampling were measured and the biomass, dry matter accumulation rate, starch content, starch yield and starch accumulation rate of duckweed were calculated as in comparative example 1, and the results are shown in FIGS. 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13.
From the biomass and dry matter accumulation rate data in fig. 5 and 7, the biomass of duckweed is: 26.72g/m2(1d)、35.69g/m2(2d)、52.98g/m2(3d)、67.53g/m2(5d) And 70.62g/m2(7d) In that respect The average dry matter accumulation rate of the duckweed is 12.65g/m2d(1d)、10.81g/m2d(2d)、12.97g/m2d(3d)、10.29g/m2d (5d) and 8.07g/m2d (7d), the duckweed grows normally.
As can be seen from the starch content data in FIGS. 9, 11, and 13, the average starch content of duckweed was 26.7% (3d) and the starch accumulation rate was 4.50g/m2d (3 d). Combining biomass and the starch content of duckweed yields: the starch yield of the duckweed is: 0.073g (3 d).
(3) Samples were taken on days 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 during the incubation period, and the concentrations of contaminants in each vessel were determined and the nitrogen and phosphorus removals of the micro-contaminated water by duckweed were calculated (results are shown in FIGS. 1 and 3), with the concentrations of each contaminant in the water shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 Effect of Duckweed cultured under single blue light on purifying class IV water
The results show that: when single blue light acts, the treatment effect of the duckweed on the slightly polluted water body is obviously superior to the decontamination effect of the duckweed during white light culture and single red light culture under the same condition, but the removal rate of phosphorus still reaches the standard in the third day; the starch accumulation of duckweed is superior to white light and slightly weaker than red light. This is probably because red light is associated with photosynthesis of duckweed, which promotes starch accumulation.
Example 3: culturing duckweed under red-blue mixed light of different proportions to purify IV-class water
(1) According to the operation procedure of comparative example 1, the light source was changed from a normal white LED lamp to a red-blue mixed LED lamp, and the ratio of red to blue light was as shown in table 5. The conditions were identical and the whole culture was incubated for 7 days. Samples were taken on days 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7, respectively.
TABLE 5 proportions of Red-blue mixture
(2) The dry weight and starch content of duckweed from each sampling were determined and the biomass, dry matter accumulation rate, starch content, starch yield and starch accumulation rate of duckweed were calculated as in comparative example 1. The results are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 growth of duckweed under the action of red-blue mixed light in different proportions
(3) The concentration of contaminants in each container was measured and the nitrogen and phosphorus removals of the micro-contaminated water bodies from the duckweed were calculated according to the method of comparative example 1 and the results are shown in table 7.
TABLE 7 effect of purifying slightly polluted water body by red-blue light in different proportions
The results show that: r: b, treating the wastewater in a ratio of 6: 1-1: 1, wherein the nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the water in the next day can reach the standard; meanwhile, the inventors have surprisingly found that R: when B is 5:1, the effect is better; r: when B is 4:1, the removal effect is excellent, the effect which can be achieved only by the third day or even the fourth day of other groups can be achieved, and the effect can not be achieved by the red-blue light with the rest proportion.
Example 4: effect of photon flux density on purification
According to the operation steps of comparative example 1, the light source is changed from a common white light LED lamp to a red light with the wavelength of 660nm and a blue light with the wavelength of 450nm, R: the red-blue mixed light LED lamp with the B being 4:1 divides duckweed into 6 groups, and the light quantum flux density of the mixed light is respectively 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190 and 200 mu mol/m2And s. The conditions were identical and the whole culture was incubated for 7 days.
Samples were taken every half day and the concentration of contaminants in each vessel was determined to give the time to reach the purification standard, in 0.5d minimum units, and the results are shown in table 8.
TABLE 8 influence of photon flux density on the effect of purifying slightly polluted water
The result shows that the light quantum flux density is in positive correlation with the treatment effect, and the light quantum flux density is 110 mu mol/m2In the second, the micro-polluted water can be treated within 2d and reach the standard, and then the value is increased, although the water can reach the standard more quickly, the effect is not obvious, the energy consumption is greatly increased, and the cost is increased continuously. When taken together, the preferred photon flux density is 110. mu. mol/m2/s。
Comparative example 2: duckweed purified class V water under common white light
(1) At a surface area of 54cm2500mL of class V water was added to the culture vessel, taking an initial starch content of 6.61 wt% and an initial biomass of 18.52g/m on a dry weight basis2Transferring 1.0g of fresh duckweed into the culture container, and using common white light LED lamp as light source, wherein the light quantum flux density is 110 μmol/m at 25 deg.C2Culturing under full illumination in the presence of light at a speed of/s, and supplementing distilled water to the original liquid level every day.
(2) The time points of duckweed harvest were measured and calculated for dry weight and starch content of duckweed from the few roots harvested in this example using the same experimental conditions as in comparative example 1, and the biomass, dry matter accumulation rate, starch content and starch yield and starch accumulation rate of duckweed were calculated, and the results are shown in fig. 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
As can be seen from the biomass and dry matter accumulation rate data in FIGS. 6 and 8, the biomass of duckweed was 22.18g/m for 7 days of the above-described micro-polluted water treatment and duckweed growth process2(1d)、27.41g/m2(2d)、38.71g/m2(3d)、50.30g/m2(5d) And 57.70g/m2(7d) In that respect The average dry matter accumulation rate of duckweed was 3.67g/m2d(1d)、4.45g/m2d(2d)、6.73g/m2d(3d)、6.36g/m2d (5d) and 5.59g/m2d (7d), the duckweed grows normally.
As can be seen from the starch content data in FIGS. 10, 12 and 14, the average starch content of the duckweed was 20.13% (3d) and the starch accumulation rates were 2.19g/m, respectively, when the micro-polluted water treatment reached the standard2d (3 d). The starch yield of duckweed, combining biomass and starch content of duckweed, can be: 0.042g (3 d).
(3) Samples were taken on days 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 during the incubation period, and the concentrations of contaminants in each vessel were determined and the nitrogen and phosphorus removals of the micro-contaminated water by duckweed were calculated (see results in FIGS. 2 and 4), with the concentrations of each contaminant in the water shown in Table 9.
TABLE 9 Effect of duckweed cultured under common white light on purifying class V water
Example 5: r: b is 4:1 Mixed light purification of class V water
(1) The operation procedure of comparative example 2 was followed, with the light source being changed from a normal white LED lamp to R: the mixed light LED lamp with the ratio of B to 4:1 is completely the same under the same conditions, and is cultured for 7 days under full illumination, and samples are respectively taken on 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 5 days and 7 days.
(2) The concentration of contaminants in each container was measured and the nitrogen and phosphorus removals of the micro-contaminated water were calculated using the method of comparative example 2, and the results are shown in figures 2 and 4.
The concentration of each contaminant in the water is shown in table 10.
Table 10R: B ═ 4:1 Effect of cultured duckweed on purifying class V Water
The results show that: the removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water bodies in the first and second days is remarkably superior to that in the comparative example 2, and the water bodies in the second day can reach the drinking water standard.
(3) The dry weight and starch content of duckweed harvested in this example were measured and calculated as in comparative example 2, and the biomass, dry matter accumulation rate, starch content and starch yield and starch accumulation rate of duckweed were calculated, and the results are shown in fig. 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14.
As can be seen from the biomass and dry matter accumulation rate data in FIGS. 6 and 8, the biomass of duckweed was 29.94g/m for 7 days of the micro-polluted water treatment and duckweed growth process described above2(1d)、40.37g/m2(2d)、53.68g/m2(3d)、71.39g/m2(5d) And 94.28g/m2(7d) In that respect The average dry matter accumulation rate of duckweed was 11.42g/m2d(1d)、10.92g/m2d(2d)、11.72g/m2d(3d)、10.57g/m2d (5d) and 10.82g/m2d (7 d). As can be seen from the starch content data in FIGS. 10, 12, and 14, the average starch content of duckweed is 32.54% (3d), and the starch accumulation rates are 5.42g/m, respectively2d (3 d). Combining biomass with the starch content of duckweed gives a starch yield of 0.094g of duckweed (3 d). Therefore, the duckweed with high starch content can be obtained by prolonging the retention time of the duckweed in the water body, and a reference is provided for resource application of the duckweed in the later period.
Claims (7)
1. A method for promoting duckweed to quickly purify slightly polluted water is characterized by comprising the following steps: inoculating duckweed into the slightly polluted water body to be treated, and placing the duckweed in a red light: culturing under red-blue mixed light with blue light of 4:1, and the ratio of the red light to the blue lightThe value is the ratio of light quantum flux density, and the culture is full light culture; the peak wavelength of the red light is 660 nm; the peak wavelength of the blue light is 450 nm; the light quantum flux density of the red-blue mixed light is 80-200 mu mol/m2/s。
2. The method for promoting the rapid purification of micro-polluted water by duckweed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the light quantum flux density of the red-blue mixed light is 110 mu mol/m2/s。
3. The method for promoting the rapid purification of micro-polluted water by duckweed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the half-height peak width of the red light is not higher than 15 nm; the half-height peak width of the blue light is not higher than 20 nm.
4. The method for promoting the rapid purification of micro-polluted water by duckweed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the culture was 25 ℃.
5. The method for promoting the rapid purification of micro-polluted water by duckweed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the culture time is 2-7 days.
6. The method for promoting the rapid purification of micro-polluted water by duckweed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inoculation amount of the duckweed is 80-100%.
7. The method for promoting the rapid purification of micro-polluted water by duckweed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the red-blue mixed light is provided by a combination of red and blue LED lamps.
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