CN108080576B - Ceramic core pretreatment method for precision casting of medium-temperature wax investment - Google Patents
Ceramic core pretreatment method for precision casting of medium-temperature wax investment Download PDFInfo
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- CN108080576B CN108080576B CN201711252177.0A CN201711252177A CN108080576B CN 108080576 B CN108080576 B CN 108080576B CN 201711252177 A CN201711252177 A CN 201711252177A CN 108080576 B CN108080576 B CN 108080576B
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- ceramic core
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- wax
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/12—Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
Abstract
The invention discloses a pretreatment method of a ceramic core for precision casting of a medium-temperature wax investment, which comprises the following steps: step 1, immersing a ceramic core used for precision casting of a medium-temperature wax investment into a paraffin wax water emulsion, and performing immersion treatment to enable paraffin to permeate into pores of the ceramic core until no bubbles emerge from the ceramic core in the paraffin wax water emulsion; and 2, drying the soaked ceramic core, wherein the dried ceramic core is used for pressing a wax mould by using medium-temperature wax. The invention can effectively reduce the brittleness of the ceramic core to improve the toughness of the ceramic core, can effectively improve the combination tightness, stability and reliability of the ceramic core and the medium-temperature wax pattern, and can effectively reduce the acting stress of the medium-temperature wax on the ceramic core during dewaxing, thereby being beneficial to reducing the molding difficulty of the ceramic shell of the hollow casting and improving the molding quality of the ceramic shell of the hollow casting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a precision investment casting technology of hollow castings, in particular to a pretreatment method of a ceramic core for precision investment casting of medium-temperature wax, which is particularly suitable for precision investment casting of hollow castings such as turbine hollow blades of gas turbines or hollow turbine blades of aero-engines.
Background
In the investment casting technology of hollow castings, the ceramic shell is prepared by a ceramic core and a wax pattern, and the wax pattern is usually formed by wrapping the ceramic core with wax, for example, the ceramic shell of the hollow blade of the gas turbine is prepared by the ceramic core and a medium-temperature wax pattern.
In the ceramic shell technology of the ceramic core and the medium-temperature wax pattern, the ceramic core has higher brittleness and the material performance difference with the medium-temperature wax pattern, so the following main technical problems exist:
1. the ceramic core has high brittleness, and the ceramic core is easy to break due to insufficient toughness when pressed by a medium-temperature wax pattern, which is particularly most obvious for precision casting of gas turbine hollow blades, aeroengine hollow turbine blades and the like with complex structures and more weak parts;
2. after the medium-temperature wax pattern is pressed, due to the difference of material properties between the wax pattern and the ceramic core, the wax pattern and the ceramic core are not tightly, stably and reliably combined, and the wax pattern and the ceramic core are easily separated, so that the precision of a cavity of a manufactured ceramic shell is influenced, and the forming quality of a hollow casting cast by the ceramic shell is further influenced;
3. when the ceramic shell is dewaxed, the stress generated when the medium-temperature wax pattern in the shell is melted and expanded is relatively large, so that the ceramic core bears relatively large stress, and cracks are easily generated on the weak part of the ceramic core.
The ceramic core forming technology of investment casting is a highly confidential technology in the industry, rarely is the technology disclosed, and in the disclosed prior art, no technology is disclosed about how to carry out the prior pretreatment on the ceramic core when a hollow casting wax mold is pressed by medium-temperature wax. That is, in the prior art disclosed, there is a lack of effective technical measures to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the technical problems and the technical current situation, a ceramic core treatment method which can effectively reduce the brittleness of a ceramic core, improve the toughness of the ceramic core, improve the combination tightness and stability of the ceramic core and a medium-temperature wax pattern and reduce the medium-temperature wax stress borne by the ceramic core during dewaxing is independently developed, namely the ceramic core pretreatment method for preparing a ceramic shell by using medium-temperature wax in investment precision casting of a hollow casting.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the technical purpose is that the ceramic core pretreatment method for the precision casting of the medium-temperature wax investment comprises the following steps:
step 1, immersing a ceramic core used for precision casting of a medium-temperature wax investment into a paraffin wax water emulsion, and performing immersion treatment to enable paraffin to permeate into pores of the ceramic core until no bubbles emerge from the ceramic core in the paraffin wax water emulsion;
and 2, drying the soaked ceramic core, wherein the dried ceramic core is used for pressing a wax mould by using medium-temperature wax.
As one of the preferable schemes, the melting point of paraffin in the paraffin water emulsion is 58 ℃ at most, and the concentration of the paraffin water emulsion is 5-20%.
Preferably, the time of the dipping treatment is 3 to 30 minutes.
Preferably, the impregnation treatment is performed in a vacuum state.
Preferably, the drying treatment is carried out under an environment of temperature of 23 ℃ to (melting point of paraffin-5 ℃) and humidity of 35% to 60%. Further, the drying time is 3-24 hours, and the mass change of the immersed ceramic core between two adjacent weighing is not higher than 3% of the paraffin wax water emulsion immersed in the ceramic core. Still further, the interval drying time between the two adjacent weighings was 2 hours.
Preferably, the ceramic core is used for investment precision casting of the hollow turbine blade of the gas turbine or the hollow turbine blade of the aeroengine.
The ceramic core pretreatment method has the beneficial technical effects that the ceramic core pretreatment method is designed for pressing a wax mould of a hollow casting by using medium-temperature wax, and the ceramic core before pressing the medium-temperature wax mould is subjected to dipping treatment and drying treatment by using paraffin wax water emulsion, so that paraffin wax is infiltrated into pores of the ceramic core, and a corresponding paraffin wax layer is formed on the surface of the ceramic core, so that the following main technical effects can be realized:
on one hand, the brittleness of the ceramic core can be effectively reduced to improve the toughness of the ceramic core, so that the ceramic core can keep good structural stress in the pressing process of the medium-temperature wax pattern, and the technical problem that the ceramic core is broken due to insufficient toughness in the pressing process of the medium-temperature wax pattern is effectively solved;
on the other hand, the paraffin layer on the surface of the ceramic core is tightly adhered to the surface of the ceramic core in a manner of penetrating into the pores of the ceramic core, and simultaneously, due to the similarity of the properties of the paraffin and the medium-temperature wax, the pressed medium-temperature wax pattern can be tightly combined with the paraffin layer on the surface of the ceramic core, so that the paraffin layer on the surface of the ceramic core is used as a combining carrier to realize tight, stable and reliable combination of the ceramic core and the medium-temperature wax pattern, and the problem of separation between the pressed medium-temperature wax pattern and the surface of the ceramic core can be effectively prevented;
on the other hand, when the ceramic shell is dewaxed, the melting point of the paraffin on the surface of the ceramic core is lower than that of the medium-temperature wax pattern, and the action stress generated by the thermal melting expansion of the paraffin is also lower than that generated by the thermal melting expansion of the medium-temperature wax pattern, so that the stress of the medium-temperature wax on the ceramic core due to the thermal melting expansion can be effectively reduced, and the technical problem of cracks generated by the weak part of the ceramic core due to the large stress can be effectively solved.
In conclusion, the invention can effectively reduce the brittleness of the ceramic core to improve the toughness of the ceramic core, can also effectively improve the combination tightness, stability and reliability of the ceramic core and the medium-temperature wax pattern, and can also effectively reduce the action stress of the medium-temperature wax borne by the ceramic core during dewaxing, thereby being beneficial to reducing the forming difficulty of the ceramic shell of the hollow casting and improving the forming quality of the ceramic shell of the hollow casting.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to an investment precision casting process, in particular to a pretreatment method of a ceramic core for medium-temperature wax investment precision casting, which is particularly suitable for investment precision casting of hollow castings such as gas turbine hollow blades or aeroengine hollow turbine blades and the like. The technical content of the present invention will be described in detail and clearly by way of a plurality of examples.
Example 1
The invention relates to a pretreatment method of a ceramic core for preparing a ceramic shell by using medium-temperature wax in precision investment casting of a turbine hollow blade of a gas turbine, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a paraffin wax water emulsion, wherein the melting point of paraffin in the paraffin wax water emulsion is 58 ℃, and the concentration of the paraffin wax water emulsion is 15%;
immersing a ceramic core used for medium-temperature wax investment precision casting into the prepared paraffin wax water emulsion for immersion treatment, wherein the immersion treatment is carried out in a vacuum state, and the immersion treatment time is 5 minutes;
enabling paraffin to permeate into air holes of the ceramic core until no air bubbles are emitted from the ceramic core in the paraffin water emulsion, and enabling the paraffin to form a corresponding paraffin layer on the surface of the ceramic core;
step 2, drying the soaked ceramic core, wherein the drying treatment is to dry the soaked ceramic core under the environment conditions that the temperature is 35 ℃ and the humidity is 40%, the drying time is 3-24 hours, the mass change of the soaked ceramic core between two adjacent weighing is not higher than 3% of paraffin wax water emulsion soaked in the ceramic core, the mass of the paraffin wax water emulsion soaked in the ceramic core is calculated according to the weighing before and after the soaking of the ceramic core, and the interval drying time between two adjacent weighing after the soaking is 2 hours;
the dried ceramic cores were used as wax molds pressed with medium temperature wax.
Example 2
The invention relates to a pretreatment method of a ceramic core for preparing a ceramic shell by using medium-temperature wax in precision investment casting of a turbine hollow blade of a gas turbine, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a paraffin wax water emulsion, wherein the melting point of paraffin wax in the paraffin wax water emulsion is 52 ℃, and the concentration of the paraffin wax water emulsion is 5%;
immersing a ceramic core used for medium-temperature wax investment precision casting into the prepared paraffin wax water emulsion for immersion treatment, wherein the immersion treatment is carried out in a vacuum state, and the immersion treatment time is 10 minutes;
enabling paraffin to permeate into air holes of the ceramic core until no air bubbles are emitted from the ceramic core in the paraffin water emulsion, and enabling the paraffin to form a corresponding paraffin layer on the surface of the ceramic core;
step 2, drying the soaked ceramic core, wherein the drying treatment is to dry the soaked ceramic core under the environmental conditions that the temperature is 45 ℃ and the humidity is 60%, the drying time is 3-24 hours, the change of the mass of the soaked ceramic core between two adjacent weighing is not higher than 3% of the paraffin wax water emulsion soaked in the ceramic core until the mass of the paraffin wax water emulsion soaked in the ceramic core is calculated according to the weighing before and after the soaking of the ceramic core, and the interval drying time between two adjacent weighing after the soaking is 2 hours;
the dried ceramic cores were used as wax molds pressed with medium temperature wax.
Example 3
The invention relates to a pretreatment method of a ceramic core for preparing a ceramic shell by using medium-temperature wax in precision investment casting of a turbine hollow blade of a gas turbine, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a paraffin wax water emulsion, wherein the melting point of paraffin in the paraffin wax water emulsion is 56 ℃, and the concentration of the paraffin wax water emulsion is 20%;
immersing a ceramic core used for medium-temperature wax investment precision casting into the prepared paraffin wax water emulsion for immersion treatment, wherein the immersion treatment is carried out under the normal pressure state, and the immersion treatment time is 30 minutes;
enabling paraffin to permeate into air holes of the ceramic core until no air bubbles are emitted from the ceramic core in the paraffin water emulsion, and enabling the paraffin to form a corresponding paraffin layer on the surface of the ceramic core;
step 2, drying the soaked ceramic core, wherein the drying treatment is to dry the soaked ceramic core under the environmental conditions that the temperature is 45 ℃ and the humidity is 35%, the drying time is 3-24 hours, the change of the mass of the soaked ceramic core between two adjacent weighing is not higher than 3% of the paraffin wax water emulsion soaked in the ceramic core, the mass of the paraffin wax water emulsion soaked in the ceramic core is calculated according to the weighing before and after the soaking of the ceramic core, and the interval drying time between two adjacent weighing after the soaking is 2 hours;
the dried ceramic cores were used as wax molds pressed with medium temperature wax.
Example 4
The invention relates to a pretreatment method of a ceramic core for preparing a ceramic shell by using medium-temperature wax in precision investment casting of a turbine hollow blade of a gas turbine, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a paraffin wax water emulsion, wherein the melting point of paraffin in the paraffin wax water emulsion is 58 ℃, and the concentration of the paraffin wax water emulsion is 10%;
immersing a ceramic core used for medium-temperature wax investment precision casting into the prepared paraffin wax water emulsion for immersion treatment, wherein the immersion treatment is carried out under the normal pressure state, and the immersion treatment time is 20 minutes;
enabling paraffin to permeate into air holes of the ceramic core until no air bubbles are emitted from the ceramic core in the paraffin water emulsion, and enabling the paraffin to form a corresponding paraffin layer on the surface of the ceramic core;
step 2, drying the soaked ceramic core, wherein the drying treatment is to dry the soaked ceramic core under the environmental conditions that the temperature is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 40%, the drying time is 3-24 hours, the change of the mass of the soaked ceramic core between two adjacent weighing is not higher than 3% of the paraffin wax water emulsion soaked in the ceramic core, the mass of the paraffin wax water emulsion soaked in the ceramic core is calculated according to the weighing before and after the soaking of the ceramic core, and the interval drying time between two adjacent weighing after the soaking is 2 hours;
the dried ceramic cores were used as wax molds pressed with medium temperature wax.
Example 5
The invention relates to a pretreatment method of a ceramic core for preparing a ceramic shell by using medium-temperature wax in precision investment casting of a turbine hollow blade of a gas turbine, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a paraffin wax water emulsion, wherein the melting point of paraffin in the paraffin wax water emulsion is 58 ℃, and the concentration of the paraffin wax water emulsion is 8%;
immersing a ceramic core used for medium-temperature wax investment precision casting into the prepared paraffin wax water emulsion for immersion treatment, wherein the immersion treatment is carried out in a vacuum state, and the immersion treatment time is 3 minutes;
enabling paraffin to permeate into air holes of the ceramic core until no air bubbles are emitted from the ceramic core in the paraffin water emulsion, and enabling the paraffin to form a corresponding paraffin layer on the surface of the ceramic core;
step 2, drying the soaked ceramic core, wherein the drying treatment is to dry the soaked ceramic core under the environment conditions that the temperature is 35 ℃ and the humidity is 50%, the drying time is 3-24 hours, the mass change of the soaked ceramic core between two adjacent weighing is not higher than 3% of paraffin wax water emulsion soaked in the ceramic core, the mass of the paraffin wax water emulsion soaked in the ceramic core is calculated according to the weighing before and after the soaking of the ceramic core, and the interval drying time between two adjacent weighing after the soaking is 2 hours;
the dried ceramic cores were used as wax molds pressed with medium temperature wax.
Example 6
The invention relates to a pretreatment method of a ceramic core for preparing a ceramic shell by using medium-temperature wax in precision investment casting of a turbine hollow blade of a gas turbine, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a paraffin wax water emulsion, wherein the melting point of paraffin in the paraffin wax water emulsion is 58 ℃, and the concentration of the paraffin wax water emulsion is 12%;
immersing a ceramic core used for medium-temperature wax investment precision casting into the prepared paraffin wax water emulsion for immersion treatment, wherein the immersion treatment is carried out under the normal pressure state, and the immersion treatment time is 15 minutes;
enabling paraffin to permeate into air holes of the ceramic core until no air bubbles are emitted from the ceramic core in the paraffin water emulsion, and enabling the paraffin to form a corresponding paraffin layer on the surface of the ceramic core;
step 2, drying the soaked ceramic core, wherein the drying treatment is to dry the soaked ceramic core under the environmental conditions that the temperature is 40 ℃ and the humidity is 40%, the drying time is 3-24 hours, the change of the mass of the soaked ceramic core between two adjacent weighing is not higher than 3% of the paraffin wax water emulsion soaked in the ceramic core, the mass of the paraffin wax water emulsion soaked in the ceramic core is calculated according to the weighing before and after the soaking of the ceramic core, and the interval drying time between two adjacent weighing after the soaking is 2 hours;
the dried ceramic cores were used as wax molds pressed with medium temperature wax.
Example 7
The invention relates to a pretreatment method of a ceramic core for preparing a ceramic shell by using medium-temperature wax in precision investment casting of a hollow turbine blade of an aeroengine, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a paraffin wax water emulsion, wherein the melting point of paraffin in the paraffin wax water emulsion is 58 ℃, and the concentration of the paraffin wax water emulsion is 18%;
immersing a ceramic core used for medium-temperature wax investment precision casting into the prepared paraffin wax water emulsion for immersion treatment, wherein the immersion treatment is carried out in a vacuum state, and the immersion treatment time is 7 minutes;
enabling paraffin to permeate into air holes of the ceramic core until no air bubbles are emitted from the ceramic core in the paraffin water emulsion, and enabling the paraffin to form a corresponding paraffin layer on the surface of the ceramic core;
step 2, drying the soaked ceramic core, wherein the drying treatment is to dry the soaked ceramic core under the environmental conditions that the temperature is 35 ℃ and the humidity is 35%, the drying time is 3-24 hours, the change of the mass of the soaked ceramic core between two adjacent weighing is not higher than 3% of the paraffin wax water emulsion soaked in the ceramic core, the mass of the paraffin wax water emulsion soaked in the ceramic core is calculated according to the weighing before and after the soaking of the ceramic core, and the interval drying time between two adjacent weighing after the soaking is 2 hours;
the dried ceramic cores were used as wax molds pressed with medium temperature wax.
The above examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the present invention may be modified from the embodiments described above or substituted for some of the technical features, and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A ceramic core pretreatment method for precision investment casting of medium-temperature wax is disclosed, wherein the ceramic core is used for precision investment casting of a gas turbine hollow blade or an aeroengine hollow turbine blade;
the method for pretreating the ceramic core is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, preparing a paraffin wax water emulsion, wherein the highest melting point of paraffin in the paraffin wax water emulsion is 58 ℃, and the concentration of the paraffin wax water emulsion is 5-20%;
immersing a ceramic core used for medium-temperature wax investment precision casting into a paraffin wax water emulsion, and performing immersion treatment in a vacuum state to enable paraffin to permeate into pores of the ceramic core until no bubbles emerge from the ceramic core in the paraffin wax water emulsion;
and 2, drying the soaked ceramic core under the environmental conditions that the temperature is 23-5 ℃ (the melting point of paraffin is-5 ℃) and the humidity is 35-60%, wherein the dried ceramic core is used for pressing a wax mould by using medium-temperature wax.
2. The pretreatment method of the ceramic core for medium-temperature wax investment precision casting according to claim 1, characterized in that the time of the dipping treatment is 3-30 minutes.
3. The pretreatment method of the ceramic core for medium-temperature wax investment precision casting according to claim 1, characterized in that the drying time is 3-24 hours, and the mass change of the immersed ceramic core between two adjacent weighing is not higher than 3% of the paraffin wax water emulsion immersed in the ceramic core.
4. The method for pretreating a ceramic core for medium-temperature wax investment precision casting according to claim 3, wherein the drying time interval between two adjacent weighings is 2 hours.
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| CN109175305A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-11 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | A kind of pump vane casting technique and impeller |
| FR3096910B1 (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2021-05-14 | Safran | Improved method of forming a wax model for a turbine blade. |
| KR20220070225A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2022-05-30 | 코닝 인코포레이티드 | Fabrication of Flow Reactor Modules and Generated Modules |
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| JPS4915138Y1 (en) * | 1970-09-16 | 1974-04-16 | ||
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| CN87105530A (en) * | 1986-08-14 | 1988-04-13 | 佐佐木信义 | Core for investment casting, method of manufacturing the same, and method of manufacturing investment casting mold containing the core therein |
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