CN108076872A - A kind of shredding mechanism of the adjustable silage harvester of segment - Google Patents
A kind of shredding mechanism of the adjustable silage harvester of segment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108076872A CN108076872A CN201711345467.XA CN201711345467A CN108076872A CN 108076872 A CN108076872 A CN 108076872A CN 201711345467 A CN201711345467 A CN 201711345467A CN 108076872 A CN108076872 A CN 108076872A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- sprocket
- central shaft
- drive sprocket
- forage
- roller
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
- A01F29/06—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like having rotating knives with their cutting edges on a cylinder surface, e.g. of the helical-type
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
- A01F29/09—Details
- A01F29/14—Drives
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of shredding mechanism of the adjustable silage harvester of segment, including:Cutting roller;To fixing roller, central shaft is fixed on the cropper forage pinch roll;Forage pinch roll passes through tensioning spring and the center axis connection of the fixing roller to dancer, central shaft;Active drive sprocket is coaxially mounted to the forage pinch roll in fixing roller;Multiple driven sprockets are coaxially mounted on the cutting roller;Speed change tightener sprocket, central shaft are fixed on the cropper, and with multiple adjusting positions;Speed change supports sprocket wheel, and central shaft is fixed on the cropper;Wherein, one in the active drive sprocket, the multiple driven sprocket, the speed change tightener sprocket and speed change support sprocket wheel homonymy are set, and are connected by gear chain.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to farming and animal husbandry machinery fields, and in particular to a kind of chopping dress of adjustable silage harvester of segment
It puts.
Background technology
In order to adapt to the demand of animal husbandry rapid development, rule are increasingly showed for cultivating the land area of ensilage
The trend of modelling.The ensilage arable land of large area needs to complete harvest within the time limit of specifying, and is difficult to by traditional manpower
Meet requirement of the ensilage to feed quality, harvest opportunity and appropriate scale of operation.Silage harvester is a kind of special use
In ensilage harvest farming and animal husbandry mechanical equipment, the equipment have work efficiency it is high, it is adaptable to ensilage species, receipts
The advantages that feed obtained directly eats for livestock, it is deep to be welcome by numerous peasants and herdsmen, also drastically increase ensilage
Efficiency of crop and the feeding workload for reducing livestock, positive facilitation is played for the appropriate scale of operation of animal husbandry.
The silage harvester being widely used at present, the staple fiber ppd of ensilage is all often fixed, it is impossible to because
It is fed with the difference of livestock and ensilage type and adjusts, silage harvester versatility and adaptability is made to be deteriorated, and then is dropped
The low quality of ensilage and an Edible qualified.
The content of the invention
The present invention has designed and developed a kind of shredding mechanism of the adjustable silage harvester of segment, invention mesh of the invention
Be to solve by adjusting to adjust cutting roller with forage pinch roll different driven sprocket on cutting roller to fixing roller
Gearratio, the problem of so as to change the staple fiber ppd of common silage harvester.
Technical solution provided by the invention is:
A kind of shredding mechanism of the adjustable silage harvester of segment, including:
Cutting roller;
To fixing roller, central shaft is fixed on the cropper forage pinch roll;
Active drive sprocket is coaxially mounted to the forage pinch roll in fixing roller;
Driven sprocket is coaxially mounted on the cutting roller;
Speed change tightener sprocket, central shaft are fixed on the cropper, and with multiple adjusting positions;
Speed change supports sprocket wheel, and central shaft is fixed on the cropper;
Wherein, one in the active drive sprocket, the multiple driven sprocket, the speed change tightener sprocket and described
Speed change support sprocket wheel homonymy is set, and is connected by gear chain;
The driven sprocket sets 3, is divided into the first driven sprocket, the second driven sprocket and the 3rd driven sprocket, described
The central shaft of speed change tightener sprocket has 3 adjusting positions, is divided into first position, the second position and the third place;
When the central shaft of speed change tightener sprocket is located at the first position, the active drive sprocket, the first driven chain
Wheel is connected by the gear chain;
When the central shaft of speed change tightener sprocket is located at the second position, the active drive sprocket, the second driven chain
Wheel is connected by the gear chain;
When the central shaft of speed change tightener sprocket is located at the third place, the active drive sprocket, the 3rd driven chain
Wheel is connected by the gear chain.
Preferably, further include:Forage pinch roll passes through tensioning spring and the fixing roller to dancer, central shaft
Center axis connection.
Preferably, further include:Chain guide groove, installation parallel with the driven sprocket, the gear chain
Radial direction is slided along slot in the chain guide groove.
Preferably, further include:
Forage feeding roller, with forage feeding roller to lower roll central shaft, the first drive sprocket is set in one side to lower roll;
Forage feeding roller, with forage feeding roller to upper roller central shaft, the second drive sprocket is set in one side to upper roller;
Wherein, first drive sprocket and the second drive sprocket homonymy are set, and are connected by the first driving chain.
Preferably, forage feeding roller sets the 3rd drive sprocket, the forage pinch roll to the one side of lower roll central shaft
4th drive sprocket is set to the central shaft one side of fixing roller;
Wherein, the 3rd drive sprocket and the 4th drive sprocket homonymy are set, and are connected by the second driving chain,
And first drive sprocket and the 3rd drive sprocket coaxial arrangement.
Preferably, further include:
Support sprocket wheel;
Tightener sprocket;
The forage pinch roll sets the 5th drive sprocket to the central shaft one side of dancer, and the forage pinch roll is to solid
The central shaft one side of fixed roll sets the 6th drive sprocket;
Wherein, the support sprocket wheel, the tightener sprocket, the 5th drive sprocket and the 6th drive sprocket homonymy
It sets, is connected by the 3rd driving chain, the 4th drive sprocket and the 6th drive sprocket coaxial arrangement.
Preferably, the number of gears of the multiple driven sprocket is incremented by from the inside to the outside.
Present invention advantageous effect possessed compared with prior art:The present invention is by silage harvester cutting roller
The speed change gear that transmission designs can change within the specific limits into rotating ratio allows the staple fiber ppd of ensilage to exist
Selected step by step in one length sequences, enhance silage harvester to the versatilities of different livestocks and various ensilages and
Adaptability.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the operating system structure diagram of the adjustable silage harvester of segment.
Fig. 2 is the chain variable speed drive schematic diagram of forage feeding system and morcellating system.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to make those skilled in the art with reference to specification text
Word can be implemented according to this.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the present invention provides a kind of shredding mechanism of the adjustable silage harvester of segment, by ensiling
The change quick-mounting that the forage feeding system of forage harvester and the transmission designs of morcellating system can be adjusted step by step into rotating ratio
It puts, under identical forage feeding speed, the rotating speed of cutting roller 140 is allow to adjust step by step within the specific limits, and then makes green grass or young crops
The staple fiber ppd of storage forage harvester can be adjusted step by step within the specific limits, enhance silage harvester to different livestocks
With the versatility and adaptability of different feeds.
A kind of shredding mechanism of the adjustable silage harvester of segment provided by the invention, mainly includes:Forage clamps
Roller is to fixing roller 120, forage pinch roll to dancer 130, cutting roller 140, active drive sprocket, driven sprocket group, speed change
Tight sprocket wheel and speed change support sprocket wheel;Wherein, forage pinch roll fixes fixing roller central shaft 121 with cropper, forage pinch roll
Dancer central shaft 131 is connected fixing roller central shaft 121 with forage pinch roll by tensioning spring 520;By ensilage
Transmission designs between the forage feeding system and morcellating system of cropper make forage pinch roll to fixation into speed change gear
Roller 120 and the rotating ratio of cutting roller 140 can change within the specific limits, so that the staple fiber ppd of silage harvester can
To adjust within the specific limits, meet the requirement of different livestocks and various ensilages to staple fiber ppd;The ensiling of the present invention is raised
Expect that the power of cropper, to being inputted on fixing roller central shaft 121, and drives operating system from forage pinch roll, operating system remaining
Each equipment on fixing roller central shaft 121 from forage pinch roll to obtaining power.Driver except driving cutting roller 140
Outside structure is using the chain and sprocket driving device of variable-ratio, operating system remaining transmission mechanism using fixed rotating speed than chain drive dress
It puts.
It drives in the transmission system of cutting roller 140 and contains the chain and sprocket driving device that rotating ratio can be adjusted step by step, which passes
Dynamic device by be installed on forage pinch roll on fixing roller central shaft 121 active drive sprocket 260, be installed on cutter roller center
Driven sprocket group on axis 141, the speed change support sprocket wheel 210 being installed on speed change support sprocket wheel central shaft 211 are installed on position
Speed change tightener sprocket 220 on adjustable speed change tightener sprocket central shaft and the driving chain for linking up above-mentioned drive sprocket
440 compositions;Wherein, driven sprocket group includes the first speed-changing chain 230, the second speed-changing chain 240 and the 3rd speed-changing chain 250 etc.
Speed-changing chain;Speed change tightener sprocket central shaft is according to the first speed-changing chain 230, the second speed-changing chain 240 and the 3rd speed-changing chain
250 different correspondence positions can be speed change tightener sprocket central shaft first position 221a, speed change tightener sprocket central shaft second
Position 221b and speed change tightener sprocket cental axial position 221c.
Chain guide groove 450 is open the center towards driving chain 440, and with the first speed-changing chain 230, the second speed varying chain
Wheel 240 or the 250 parallel installation of the 3rd speed-changing chain.Chain guide groove 450 can be under the action of selector gear, transverse shifting
Certain distance, and just with intending into the change gear engaged in a plane;Under the guiding of chain guide groove 450, make
Driving chain 440 switches to the speed-changing chain for intending engagement from the current speed-changing chain for participating in transmission;Due to the switching of speed-changing chain
The variation of driving chain length needed for causing is by speed change tightener sprocket central shaft in speed change tightener sprocket central shaft first position
Between 221a, speed change tightener sprocket central shaft second position 221b and speed change tightener sprocket central shaft the third place 221c switch with
The relaxation caused by the variation of chain length or curtailment are made up, driving chain 440 is made to remain tensioning drive state.
Due to the transverse shifting of chain guide groove 450, change the speed-changing chain number of teeth that actual participation is driven, i.e., become in driven sprocket group
The number of teeth that the switching of fast sprocket wheel causes slave drive sprocket wheel to participate in transmission changes, and active drive sprocket 260 participates in the tooth of transmission
Number is constant, so the rotating ratio of chain drive also changes therewith, and the conversion of rotating ratio changes step by step by sequencing row are preset
The characteristics of.
According to above-mentioned transmission principle, when chain guide groove 450 reduces the speed-changing chain number of teeth into engagement, chain drive
Rotating ratio reduce, the rotating ratio of forage pinch roll fixing roller 120 and chaffcutter roller 140 reduces, the segment of silage harvester
Length reduces;When chain guide groove 450 increases the speed-changing chain number of teeth into engagement, chaindriven rotating ratio increase, grass
Expect that pinch roll fixing roller 120 and the rotating ratio of chaffcutter roller 140 increase, the staple fiber ppd of silage harvester increases.
Meet following relation between staple fiber ppd and rotating ratio:(1);In formula, l is the length of ensilage segment
Degree, ikIt is forage pinch roll to fixing roller and cutting roller rotating ratio, k=1,2 ..., r1For the fixing roller of forage pinch roll centering
Radius, N be the cutting roller blade number of one week;Wherein,n1It is forage pinch roll to the rotating speed of fixing roller, n2
For the rotating speed of cutting roller, zDN-kFor the number of teeth of speed-changing chain, k=1,2 ... ..., zDRFor the number of teeth of drive sprocket;Staple fiber ppd with
The formula of rotating ratio reflects ensilage staple fiber ppd l with forage pinch roll to fixing roller 120 and 140 rotating ratio i of cutting rollerk
The relation of variation, forage pinch roll is to the radius r of fixing roller 1201It is received with the cutting roller blade number N of 140 1 weeks for ensilage
The structural parameters of machine operation system are obtained, once it is determined that get off to change in the process of running, but can be oriented to by chain
The transverse shifting of slot 450 changes the speed-changing chain into engagement, that is, changes the speed-changing chain number of teeth z for participating in transmissionDN-k, Jin Ergai
Become forage pinch roll to fixing roller 120 and 140 rotating ratio i of cutting rollerk, alloing its rotating ratio, step becomes within the specific limits
Change, therefore the length of ensilage segment can also there are one the sequences of selection.
The operating system of silage harvester using three driving chains 410,420,430 and six drive sprockets 310,
320th, 330,340,350,360, drive corresponding shaft 111a, 111b, 121,131,141, and then drive corresponding roller 110a,
110b, 120,130 and the operating of cutting roller 140 and other auxiliary equipments;Forage feeding roller feeds lower roll 110a with forage
Roller sets the first drive sprocket 310 to lower roll central shaft 111a in one side;Forage feeding roller is to upper roller 110b, with forage
Feeding roller sets the second drive sprocket 320 to upper roller central shaft 111b, in one side, wherein, the first drive sprocket 310 and second passes
320 homonymy of movable sprocket is set, and is connected by the first driving chain 410;In forage feeding roller to the one side of lower roll central shaft 111a
3rd drive sprocket 330 is set, forage pinch roll sets the 4th drive sprocket 440 to 121 one side of fixing roller central shaft, wherein,
3rd drive sprocket 330 and 340 homonymy of the 4th drive sprocket are set, and are connected by the second driving chain 420, and the first transmission
310 and the 3rd drive sprocket 330 of sprocket wheel is coaxially disposed;Forage pinch roll sets 131 one side of dancer central shaft the 5th transmission
Sprocket wheel 350, forage pinch roll set the 6th drive sprocket 360 to 121 one side of fixing roller central shaft, wherein, forage clamping system
Sprocket wheel 170, forage clamping system tightener sprocket 180, the 5th drive sprocket 350 and 360 homonymy of the 6th drive sprocket is supported to set,
It is connected by the 3rd driving chain 430, the 4th drive sprocket 340 and the 6th drive sprocket 360 are coaxially disposed;Forage pinch roll pair
Fixing roller central shaft 121 is the power input shaft of entire silage harvester operating system;In the present embodiment, as one kind
It is preferred that being adapted for the floating property with forage pinch roll pair, two central shafts 121,131 pass through adjustable 3rd transmission of wheelbase
430 passing power of chain, driving chain have passed through four drive sprockets 350,170,180,360, wherein, two are separately mounted to
On the central shaft 121,131 of pinch roll, to forage pinch roll passing power, tightener sprocket 180 and support sprocket wheel 170 play jointly
Be tensioned the effect of the 3rd driving chain 430, when forage pinch roll to the distance between increase when tightener sprocket 180 in clamped grass
It is displaced outwardly under the tension force effect of material, it is on the contrary then moved inward under 520 tension force effect of tensioning spring, no matter in forage pinch roll
How mandrel 121, the distance between 131 changes, and can make the drive sprocket 350,360 on two central shafts 121,131 with passing
Dynamic chain 430 has enough fitting tightnesses, ensure that the power transmission stablized between pinch roll pair.
Specifically, the chain variable speed drive in the present embodiment is by active drive sprocket 260, driven speed-changing chain group
(including:First speed-changing chain 230, the second speed-changing chain 240, the 3rd speed-changing chain 250), speed change support sprocket wheel 210, speed change
Tight sprocket wheel 220, driving chain 440 and chain guide groove 450 are formed;Wherein, active drive sprocket 260 and forage pinch roll are to solid
Fixed roll central shaft 121 is coaxially connected, the first speed-changing chain 230, the second speed-changing chain 240 and the 3rd speed-changing chain 250 side by side with
Cutting roller central shaft 141 is coaxially connected, and speed change support sprocket wheel 210 is mounted on speed change support sprocket wheel central shaft 211, and axle center is fixed
On body, speed change tightener sprocket 220 is mounted on speed change tightener sprocket central shaft, when the first speed-changing chain 230, the second speed change
When 240 or the 3rd speed-changing chain 250 of sprocket wheel participates in transmission, tightener sprocket central shaft will be fixed on speed change tightener sprocket central shaft the
On one position 221a, speed change tightener sprocket central shaft second position 221b or speed change tightener sprocket cental axial position 221c, make biography
Dynamic chain 440 remain tensioning can passing power state, chain guide groove 450 is open the center towards driving chain 440,
And with the 250 parallel installation of the first speed-changing chain 230, the second speed-changing chain 240 or the 3rd speed-changing chain, chain guide groove 450 can
With the lateral shift under the action of selector gear, the position of chain guide groove 450 just with the first speed-changing chain 230,
Two speed-changing chains 240 or the 3rd speed-changing chain 250 are in same plane, and under the guiding of chain guide groove 450, driving chain can
It to depart from from current speed-changing chain, is engaged with the speed-changing chain for intending engaging, realizes forage pinch roll to fixing roller 120 and cutter
The switching of 140 rotating ratio of roller, so as to adjust the staple fiber ppd of silage harvester.
In the present invention, by the forage pinch roll of silage harvester to being designed to float type, between roller pair by
Tight spring 430 connects;One in two rollers of forage pinch roll pair is fixing roller, and the position of central shaft is fixed on ensiling feeding
Expect on cropper;Another roll shaft is dancer, and central shaft can be with the unit interval compared with the central shaft distance of fixing roller
The amount of interior feeding forage and change, the central shaft distance between forage pinch roll pair by spring elastic force and clamped forage
Balance between power determines.
The operating system of silage harvester further includes the splicing bottom plate 510 positioned at 140 lower section of cutting roller, for accepting
The fragmentary forage cut by cutting roller 140.Further include the quenched preliminary roller 150a being installed on quenched preliminary roller central shaft 151a and peace
Loaded on the quenched back roller 150b on quenched back roller central shaft 151b, quenched preliminary roller 150a installations parallel with quenched back roller 150b are adjusted
The rotating speed of matter preliminary roller 150a is higher than quenched back roller 150b, and forage is further crushed by speed discrepancy.It further includes and is installed on air blast roller
Air blast roller 160 on central shaft 161, work be will be quenched after forage be sent into forage collection device.
A kind of control strategy of adjusting ensilage staple fiber ppd of the present invention is as follows:
When the staple fiber ppd for wishing silage harvester becomes in short-term, it is necessary to which chain guide groove 450 is smaller to the number of teeth
Speed-changing chain direction is moved, and reduces the rotating ratio of chain drive with this, that is, reduces forage pinch roll to fixing roller 120 and cutting roller
140 rotating ratio, and then meet the control requirement that ensilage staple fiber ppd shortens.
When the staple fiber ppd for wishing silage harvester is elongated, it is necessary to which chain guide groove 450 is larger to the number of teeth
Speed-changing chain direction is moved, and increases the rotating ratio of chain drive with this, that is, increases forage pinch roll to fixing roller 120 and cutting roller
140 rotating ratio, and then meet the increased control requirement of ensilage staple fiber ppd.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its be not restricted in specification and embodiment it is listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, it is of the invention and unlimited
In specific details and shown here as the legend with description.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of shredding mechanism of the adjustable silage harvester of segment, which is characterized in that including:
Cutting roller;
To fixing roller, central shaft is fixed on the cropper forage pinch roll;
Active drive sprocket is coaxially mounted to the forage pinch roll in fixing roller;
Driven sprocket is coaxially mounted on the cutting roller;
Speed change tightener sprocket, central shaft are fixed on the cropper, and with multiple adjusting positions;
Speed change supports sprocket wheel, and central shaft is fixed on the cropper;
Wherein, one in the active drive sprocket, the multiple driven sprocket, the speed change tightener sprocket and the speed change
Sprocket wheel homonymy is supported to set, is connected by gear chain;
The driven sprocket sets 3, is divided into the first driven sprocket, the second driven sprocket and the 3rd driven sprocket, the speed change
The central shaft of tightener sprocket has 3 adjusting positions, is divided into first position, the second position and the third place;
When the central shaft of speed change tightener sprocket is located at the first position, the active drive sprocket, the first driven sprocket lead to
Cross the gear chain connection;
When the central shaft of speed change tightener sprocket is located at the second position, the active drive sprocket, the second driven sprocket lead to
Cross the gear chain connection;
When the central shaft of speed change tightener sprocket is located at the third place, the active drive sprocket, the 3rd driven sprocket lead to
Cross the gear chain connection.
2. the shredding mechanism of the adjustable silage harvester of segment as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
Forage pinch roll passes through tensioning spring and the center axis connection of the fixing roller to dancer, central shaft.
3. the shredding mechanism of the adjustable silage harvester of segment as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that further include:
Chain guide groove, installation parallel with the driven sprocket, the gear chain is in the chain guide groove along slot
Radial direction is slided.
4. the shredding mechanism of the adjustable silage harvester of segment as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, which is characterized in that also wrap
It includes:
Forage feeding roller, with forage feeding roller to lower roll central shaft, the first drive sprocket is set in one side to lower roll;
Forage feeding roller, with forage feeding roller to upper roller central shaft, the second drive sprocket is set in one side to upper roller;
Wherein, first drive sprocket and the second drive sprocket homonymy are set, and are connected by the first driving chain.
5. the shredding mechanism of the adjustable silage harvester of segment as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that forage is fed
Roller sets the one side of lower roll central shaft the 3rd drive sprocket, and the forage pinch roll sets the central shaft one side of fixing roller the
Four drive sprockets;
Wherein, the 3rd drive sprocket and the 4th drive sprocket homonymy are set, and are connected by the second driving chain, and
First drive sprocket and the 3rd drive sprocket coaxial arrangement.
6. the shredding mechanism of the adjustable silage harvester of segment as described in any of claims 5, which is characterized in that
It further includes:
Support sprocket wheel;
Tightener sprocket;
The forage pinch roll sets the 5th drive sprocket to the central shaft one side of dancer, and the forage pinch roll is to fixing roller
Central shaft one side set the 6th drive sprocket;
Wherein, the support sprocket wheel, the tightener sprocket, the 5th drive sprocket and the 6th drive sprocket homonymy are set
It puts, is connected by the 3rd driving chain, the 4th drive sprocket and the 6th drive sprocket coaxial arrangement.
7. the shredding mechanism of the adjustable silage harvester of segment as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the multiple
The number of gears of driven sprocket is incremented by from the inside to the outside.
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108940551A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-07 | 甘肃省机械科学研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of pre-compression force and clearance self-regulating section feeding mechanism |
CN108940551B (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2020-08-28 | 甘肃省机械科学研究院有限责任公司 | Pre-compression force and clearance self-adjusting feeding mechanism |
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