CN108075508A - Constant-current type charging unit - Google Patents

Abstract

Constant-current type charging unit,Belong to electronic technology field,By N-type charhing unit,Interface unit,Pulse unit,Selecting unit,Counting unit,Pressure limiting starting unit,Load unit,Process indicating member,End unit,Trickle resistance forms,The conducting and cut-off of triode are used in N-type charhing unit,Serve as switching tube during battery float,And make constant current form,Pulse unit is with the gate circuit for possessing mutation input and output,Coordinate the charge and discharge of capacitance,Control the through and off of triode,Form the through and off of switching tube,Achieve the purpose that pulse,This is practical have battery it is fully charged after end terminate afterwards in place with timer counter,Two ways conversion is flexible,After complete charge required trickle is provided from trickle resistance to pond is electrically charged,After implementation,Realize the charging to rechargeable battery science,It is maximized to charge,So as to maximumlly extend charger and the service life and the capacity that are electrically charged pond,Realize the environmental protection of society.

Description

Constant-current type charging unit

Technical field

Belong to electronic technology field.

Background technology

This enterprise is applying for security personnel's product line for the previous period, and the product has to reserce cell, otherwise when no city When electric, protection function will become a kind of illusory, and when without alternating current, may be exactly when the peak of security personnel's accident occurs again It waits.So reserce cell is required.And the performance of reserce cell is directly related to whole performance.

But reserce cell, to the scientific maintenance of reserce cell, is directly related to backup electricity necessarily to its charge maintenance The service life in pond, with capacity.There is data to think, battery is often not what is damaged, but it is improper and damage to charge.In security personnel's equipment Battery, belong to reserve battery, there is particular/special requirement to volume capacity, outfit is made excessive demands in common product.

Be not carried out charge maximum it is scientific the reason for be, present product or only with direct current mode to battery into Row charges, without using a kind of preferable mode, as continuous current charges；Though or can use constant current source charging, using On it is also there is some conveniences or scientific, etc. not enough on the line, therefore should enrich and develop.

With enriching for the modern life, the species with the electric appliance of battery is more and more, the security personnel studied except this enterprise Outside equipment, there are many products, such as digital machine machine, mobile phone, etc., the requirement of charger, also there are this similar enterprise requirements Place so the research to charger, not only involves the quality of charger in itself, also involves and is electrically charged asking for two, pond aspect Topic.Because a little one good charging measures have positive meaning.

Low-carbon environment-friendly should be picked up from drop, should be picked up from subtle, so just be beneficial to the permanent progress and development of society.

The content of the invention

The main object of the present invention is, switching tube during by battery float is connected in constant current form, with possessing mutation input With the gate circuit of output, coordinate the charge and discharge of capacitance, form high and low variation, control the through and off of switching tube, reach The purpose of constant current mode pulse charge is realized the charging to rechargeable battery science, maximized charging, is filled so as to maximumlly extend Electric appliance and service life and the capacity for being electrically charged pond, realize the environmental protection of society.

Claim：

1st, constant-current type charging unit is by N-type charhing unit, interface unit, pulse unit, selecting unit, counting unit, pressure limiting Moving cell, load unit, process indicating member, end unit, trickle resistance collectively constitute.

Wherein：Trickle resistance is connected on rectification output and is electrically charged between the anode of pond；It is defeated that the input of N-type charhing unit connects rectification Go out, the output of N-type charhing unit connects the anode that pond is electrically charged in load unit, the output of pressure limiting starting unit and counting unit Output is by the input of end unit, and the output of end unit and the output of pulse unit are in the form of OR gate into incoming interface list Member, the output of interface unit are accessed in N-type charhing unit.

N-type charhing unit is made of constant current triggering resistance, two constant current triodes, two tuning instructions, two constant current resistances：Two is permanent The collector of stream triode is connected as the input of N-type charhing unit, is connected in rectification output, and constant current triggering resistance is connected on rectification In the base stage of output and two constant current triodes, the base stage of two constant current triodes is connected, and the emitter of two constant current triodes respectively connects one It is the output of N-type charhing unit after a constant current resistance, connects the anode for being electrically charged pond, the base stage of two constant current triodes respectively connects one The output of N-type charhing unit is arrived in tuning instruction.

Interface unit by interface triode, charge control diode, Pulse Width Control diode, finishing control diode, connect Mouth triggering resistance composition：The emitter ground line of interface triode, charge control diode are connected on the base stage of two constant current triodes Between the collector of interface triode, the anode of Pulse Width Control diode connects the output of pulse unit, finishing control diode Anode connect the output terminal of phase inverter four in end unit, the cathode of Pulse Width Control diode and the cathode of finishing control diode It is connected, connection interface triggers resistance to the base stage of interface triode.

Process indicating member is made of process indicator light and process instruction protective resistance：Process indicator light is protected with process instruction Shield resistance is connected between the collector of rectification output and interface triode.

Pulse unit is by phase inverter one, steering diode, duty cycle adjustable resistance, duty-cycle limit resistance, frequency limit Resistance, frequency-adjustable resistance, pulse integration capacitance composition：One end of steering diode connects the output terminal of phase inverter one, is oriented to two Another termination duty cycle adjustable resistance, duty cycle adjustable resistance concatenate duty-cycle limit resistance to the defeated of phase inverter one in pole pipe Enter end, the series connection frequency adjustable resistance of frequency limit resistance is between the output terminal and input terminal of phase inverter one, pulse integration capacitance It is connected between the input terminal and ground wire of phase inverter one, the output terminal of phase inverter one is the output of pulse unit.

Selecting unit is made of selecting switch, phase inverter five, selection diode one, selection diode two：

The one of selecting switch connects power supply, and the other end connects the input terminal of phase inverter five, and the output terminal of phase inverter five is two-way, is connect all the way The cathode of diode one is selected, the anode of diode one is selected to connect the input terminal of phase inverter three in end unit, another way selecting Select the counting central point that diode two arrives counter.

Counting unit is by counter, counting capacitance, counting adjustment resistance, counting protective resistance, failure of oscillation diode, counting knot Beam diode counts central point composition：First vibration termination of counter counts capacitance to central point is counted, and second vibrates termination Count adjustment resistance to count central point, the 3rd vibration termination count protective resistance to counting central point, counter it is ultimate defeated Outlet is two-way, and the first via connects failure of oscillation diode and connects counting to central point, the second tunnel is counted and terminate diode into end unit The input terminal of phase inverter three.

End unit is made of phase inverter three, phase inverter four, feedback capacity, feedback diode, feedback ground resistance：Reverse phase The output terminal of device three connects the input terminal of phase inverter four, and the output terminal of phase inverter four is the one end for connecing feedback capacity, inverted capacitance The other end is also two-way, and reversed feedback ground resistance to ground wire, another way connect feedback diode to the input terminal of phase inverter three all the way.

Pressure limiting starting unit is by protective resistance, pressure limiting start lower inclined resistance and form partially in inclined adjustable resistance in pressure limiting, pressure limiting： Protective resistance arrives the input terminal of phase inverter three partially in the pressure limiting of inclined adjustable resistance concatenation in pressure limiting, and pressure limiting starting lower inclined resistance is connected on instead The input terminal of phase device three is between ground wire.

Load unit is electrically charged pond, contact indicator light, contact instruction protective resistance composition：Contact indicator light is with contacting instruction Protective resistance is connected on the both ends for being electrically charged pond, is electrically charged pond and is connected between output and the ground wire of N-type charhing unit.

2nd, phase inverter uses Schmitt NOT gate.

3rd, counter is the integrated circuit CD4060 using oscillator and binary system serial counter composition.

4th, count capacitance for two electrolytic capacitors composition without polar form, connection mode is the anode phase of two electrolytic capacitors Even, the cathode of an electrolytic capacitor connects the first vibration end of counter, and the cathode of another electrolytic capacitor connects counting central point.

5th, two constant current triodes are NPN triode.

It further illustrates：

First, operation principle explanation.

After energization, N-type charhing unit is collectively formed with pulse unit, interface unit to be filled but also stops and the charging time is longer than and stops filling not only The pulse charge form of time, and since the constant current triode of N-type charhing unit has been connected in the form of constant current, so being constant current again It charges.

In the charging process of impulse form, the charging physical process of use is within a cycle of pulse, to work as interface Triode（5.1 in Fig. 2）Current collection it is extremely high-order when, the constant current triode in N-type charhing unit is not clamped, so N-type Charhing unit open to be electrically charged pond charge, when the current collection extremely low level of interface triode, three pole of constant current of N-type charhing unit Pipe is clamped, and N-type charhing unit is closed.

Interface unit is triggered by two-way, and pulse unit enters interface unit with end unit in the form of OR gate, works as end When unit is not actuated, when that is to say that pressure limiting starting unit or counting unit do not export, end unit does not have output, this clock pulse It rushes unit and controls interface unit, the height that pulse unit is formed exports the height to form interface transistor collector in interface unit Low conversion controls opening and ending for two triodes in N-type charhing unit, thus forms the pulse charging manner for filling, stopping, when When counting down to or pressure limiting starting unit starts, and end unit starts immediately, exports high pressure, the collector of interface triode is made to begin It is eventually low level, so as to close N-type charhing unit, stops charging.

In the present invention, there are two types of complete charge mode, one kind is that pressure limiting terminates mode, and this mode is full of in battery After electricity, threshold value is started more than pressure limiting, voltage enters the phase inverter of end unit, and the output of the phase inverter of end unit makes pulse Unit is closed, and the collector generation of interface triode makes the base stage trigger voltage of N-type charhing unit be zero, stops filling battery Electricity；Another kind terminates mode for timing, and for the battery that some needs activate, it requires the time, and therefore, timing is tied Beam is exactly counter after a certain time（9.1 in Fig. 2）Ultimate output terminal output high pressure, allow itself failure of oscillation while, together Shi Qidong end units close N-type charhing unit.Two kinds of end modes make choice by selecting unit, flexibly facilitate.

After charging, N-type charhing unit is closed, at this time connected trickle resistance（15 in Fig. 2）To being electrically charged pond The tiny stream electric current of maintenance needed for providing.

2nd, line feature is analyzed.

1st, the explanation on Schmitt NOT gate.

All using Schmitt NOT gate, it is a threshold values on-off circuit for phase inverter in the present invention, possess mutation input with The gate circuit of output characteristics, principle are when input voltage increases from low to high, and when to a value, output voltage occurs prominent Become, and input voltage is lower by height, when being worth less than one, output voltage is undergone mutation, and benefit is caused being not up to that During the value of variation, its output will not generate variation, this is very good for the interface triode of rear class, and interface triode is made to exist By it is low become higher or be lower by height when, collector voltage is very precipitous, caused N-type charhing unit open with end it is very unobstructed.

2nd, the pulse unit of impulse form is formed.

The unit is the elementary cell that N-type charhing unit forms impulse form, by phase inverter one（6.1 in Fig. 2）, be oriented to Diode（6.5 in Fig. 2）, duty cycle adjustable resistance（6.6 in Fig. 2）, duty-cycle limit resistance（6.7 in Fig. 2）, frequency Limiting resistance（6.8 in Fig. 2）, frequency-adjustable resistance（6.9 in Fig. 2）, pulse integration capacitance（6.10 in Fig. 2）Composition.

The characteristics of phase inverter therein is welded with smit circuit, the unit is to be not only vibration generation Device can not only adjust frequency, but also can adjust duty cycle in the line.

Impulse generating unit has 2 points of effects in the present invention, first, passing through interface triode（5.1 in Fig. 2）Control N Type charhing unit, and the form to charge becomes the form of pulse charge.Second is that realize the adjusting of duty cycle.Make the full mistake of charging Journey is to be longer than dwell time in the charging time, remains optimal situation.

It forms pulse and the principle of frequency-adjustable, by phase inverter one（6.1 in Fig. 2）Output terminal and input terminal Connected steering diode（6.5 in Fig. 2）, duty cycle adjustable resistance（6.6 in Fig. 2）, duty-cycle limit resistance（In Fig. 2 6.7）Series arm, be both duty cycle adjustment branch and pulse integration capacitance（6.10 in Fig. 2）Charging paths, and With the frequency limit resistance of duty cycle adjustment branch circuit parallel connection（6.8 in Fig. 2）With frequency-adjustable resistance（6.9 in Fig. 2）String Join branch, be both frequency adjustment branch and the discharge paths of pulse integration capacitance.

The charge and discharge of pulse integration capacitance directly forms phase inverter one（6.1 in Fig. 2）Output terminal height mistake Journey, pulse integration capacitance adjust branch by duty cycle and charge, through overfrequency adjustment branch electric discharge, when phase inverter one（In Fig. 2 6.1）Output when becoming a high position, and form the charging of second round.

The present invention is designed with duty cycle adjustable line, to realize the adjustment to the charge and discharge time for being electrically charged pond.Duty cycle Meaning be pulse in one cycle, the ratio of high-order time and low level time.

Formation pulse duty factor is different and can realize that adjustable principle is：Frequency adjusts branch in the unit, Be the discharge paths of pulsed capacitance resistance it is very big, and carry out to pulse integration capacitance charge duty cycle adjustable resistance with accounting for Sky than limiting resistance resistance value very little, so the output of phase inverter one for it is high-order when, the charging to pulse integration capacitance, mainly by Duty cycle adjustment branch is completed（Because the branch series resistance value is small）, otherwise when capacitance discharges, due to steering diode （6.5 in Fig. 2）In reverse bias, so as open circuit, it is complete that the electric discharge of pulse integration capacitance can only adjust branch by frequency Into so foring pulse unit exports the state that the low level time is long and the output high-order time is short, the shape of formation interface triode State is that the collector low level time is short（Because the pulse unit output high-order time is short, by Pulse Width Control diode triggered The time of interface triode is short）, and the high-order time is long.

Such situation implements to when charging to battery, within a cycle time of pulse, to being electrically charged the charging in pond Time is that the charging time is long and stop filling that the time is short, and is on the whole the situation that charges to be electrically charged pond formation.

Duty cycle adjusts branch and all connects with frequency adjustment branch for two resistance, and, to be adjustable, one is pair for one of them The limitation of adjustable minimum value, since generating unit has frequency-adjustable resistance and duty cycle adjustable resistance, so to being electrically charged pond Charging can realize that opposite maximum is scientific.

3rd, the reason for continuous current charges.

This unit by constant current by triggering resistance（3.15 in Fig. 2）, two constant current triodes（3.11,3.21 in Fig. 2）, two Tuning instruction（3.13,3.23 in Fig. 2）, two constant current resistances（3.12,3.22 in Fig. 2）Composition.Constant current triode therein The form for constant current is connected into, therefore constant current triode possesses the control function for not only having served as connection and shut-off, but also served as perseverance The dual function in stream source.

Forming the principle of constant-current source is, the emitter of constant current triode has been connected constant current resistance, while base stage and emitter A tuning instruction has been also connected between the constant current resistance of series connection, has played metering function, when load current is excessive, and has been more than tuning During the threshold values of instruction, base current will shunt, and be no longer pass through triode amplification, hereby it is ensured that emitter current is certain value, Thus as a kind of constant-current source.

With the form of two triode parallel connections, benefit is：Enhance power, power during charging is held jointly by two triodes Load, respectively shares half, reduces the power that each triode is undertaken, be hardly damaged.

Emitter constant current resistance of connecting can be adjusted constant current, convenient and reliable.

Benefit with such circuit is that circuit is simplified, reliably, beneficial to engineering, while beneficial to cost-effective.In addition tune Instruction is a luminous tube, it is to have light instruction as a major reason of the current limiting device of constant current, when emitter is connected Constant current resistance debugging it is correct when, harmony instruction glimmers or compared with light, represents that debugging is correct.Because constriction acts as at this time With.Generate constant current effect.Since the PN section voltages of harmony instruction are 1.2 volts or so, higher than 0.7 volt, so only needing one.

4th, interface unit.

Interface triode（5.1 in Fig. 2）Mainly there are following functions：

First, the constant current of charging is become into impulse form.The reason is that in the case where forming the excitation of oscillating unit of pulse, by this The transmission of triode makes the base stage of N-type charhing unit generate the pulse change of height.（When interface transistor collector is high-order, N-type charhing unit from interface triode clamper, for the state of energization, otherwise interface transistor collector is low level, N-type Charhing unit is clamped, and is off state）So that the output terminal of the unit generates the variation of height shape.Thus form pulse form Formula.

Second is that the control pipe as N-type charhing unit termination.When battery is fully charged or timing after, in end unit Phase inverter four（7.2 in Fig. 2）Output for a high position, make interface triode（5.1 in Fig. 2）Logic will generate current collection extremely Low level signal, thus N-type charhing unit is open-circuit condition.

Third, excitation process indicator light（2.1 in Fig. 2）Flash of light.When the pipe collector is low level, electric current is from power supply stream To interface transistor collector, process indicator light is bright.Otherwise it does not work.At the end of charging interface transistor collector be low level, mistake Journey indicator light shines.

5th, in this measure there are two types of terminate mode it is available, one kind is that pressure limiting terminates mode, and this end is in electric power storage Pond is terminated after being charged to certain value, and one kind terminates mode for timing, when counter terminates to after when counting down to, by selecting unit Selecting switch formed selection.

（1）, selecting unit explanation.

This unit is to form the selection for terminating two ways, by selecting switch（8.1 in Fig. 2）, phase inverter five（In Fig. 2 8.2）, selection diode one（8.3 in Fig. 2）, selection diode two（8.4 in Fig. 2）Composition.

When selecting switch is off-state, the output of phase inverter five is a high position, is entered at this time by selection diode two The counting central point of counter, causes counter failure of oscillation, and diode one is selected to be considered as off-state at this moment, because selection The high pressure of one cathode of diode, will not flow back to anode, so pressure limiting starting unit can start after battery is fully charged.

When selecting switch is under on-state, the input of phase inverter five, by reverse phase, is exported as low level, selection to be high-order One clamper of diode makes pressure limiting starting unit without output, and counter starts counting up.

（2）, terminate two ways explanation.

A, end unit.

End unit is by phase inverter three（7.1 in Fig. 2）, phase inverter four（7.2 in Fig. 2）, feedback capacity（In Fig. 2 7.3）, feedback diode（7.4 in Fig. 2）, feedback ground resistance（7.5 in Fig. 2）Composition：Since phase inverter is by Schmitt Circuit is welded, so when the input terminal of phase inverter three has voltage, the output terminal of phase inverter four once has high pressure, feedback electricity Hold and form feedback immediately, accelerating the output terminal of phase inverter three, whole process is quick, so the output terminal of phase inverter four is in low level High-order speed is exceedingly fast, its high position is transferred to interface triode by finishing control diode（5.1 in Fig. 2）Base stage, make it Collector is always low level, and clamper N-type charhing unit is closed always.

Phase inverter is welded by smit circuit, so power is big, carrying load ability is strong.

B, pressure limiting starting unit.

The unit is the starting when battery is fully charged after for when it is disconnected in selecting switch.By inclined adjustable resistance in pressure limiting （10.1 in Fig. 2）, inclined protective resistance in pressure limiting（10.2 in Fig. 2）, pressure limiting start lower inclined resistance（10.3 in Fig. 2）Group Into：After battery is fully charged, the side pressure rise of battery is formed more than inclined protective resistance on inclined adjustable resistance in pressure limiting and pressure limiting After threshold value, the phase inverter three in end unit（7.1 in Fig. 2）Input terminal generate high pressure.Inclined adjustable resistance wherein in pressure limiting Sampling voltage can be neatly adjusted, and because of inclined protective resistance in pressure limiting of having connected, will not be generated in debugging process Big deviation.

C, counting unit.

After terminating switching switch and pressing connection, which starts counting up the unit.

The counting capacitance being connected by counter with the first vibration end in three vibration ends（9.2 in Fig. 2）, the second vibration The connected counting adjustment resistance in end（9.3 in Fig. 2）, the connected counting protective resistance of the 3rd vibration end（9.5 in Fig. 2）, Failure of oscillation diode（9.6 in Fig. 2）, count terminate diode（9.7 in Fig. 2）It collectively constitutes.

Its major function is can be adjusted into line frequency, so that counter has the function of adjustable timing.

Generating the principle of vibration and frequency-adjustable is, it is vibration adjustable member to count adjustment resistance and count capacitance, formation RC oscillating circuits.It counts adjustment resistance to be in series by two resistance, series connection resistance value is big, then to counting capacitance charge and discharge Time it is long, then period of oscillation is longer.Adjust timing frequency resistance, you can adjust its frequency, that is to say that the cycle is adjustable.

Another feature of this unit is to count capacitance and employ two electrolytic capacitors to be connected in electrodeless form, electric leakage system Number is small, thus vibration can be made very reliable, is not easy to stop polarizing, while relative frequency is accurate, thus timing is accurate, meets mill run Requirement.

Timing is when time is up, main to generate two effects greatly, first, starting end unit.Second is that with stopping the vibration of counter It shakes, the output terminal no longer hair of counter becomes a kind of self-locking circuit, will not generate overcharge conditions.

Counter function is reliable, and the length of timing has very wide time range.Timing is more accurate, one of major reason It is to count capacitance to employ the small capacitance of leakage coefficient.Third, peripheral element is few.The part is cheap simultaneously, workable.

The present invention has the advantages of prominent after implementing：

1st, it is service life for substantially increasing charger by the present invention one, reduces the scrappage of charger, second is that being electrically charged pond Science charging is realized, maintenance is enhanced, extends the service life for being electrically charged pond, reduce scrappage.And both products, no matter It is chargeable battery or mating charger, is all the commonly used species of the modern life, so the ring of two kinds of products can be enhanced It protects.Environmental protection is without minor matter, so the present invention has positive effect.

2nd, the present invention also has important economic value, for the value of common electronic product, such as this kind of production of charger Product, under no valuable first material, main points：First is Value of Science ＆ Technology, second be manually plus expense, the 3rd be only element into This, and the increased element of present invention institute is limited.After the present invention is implemented, it can be clearly felt that after user：First, the charger service life Extension, second is that be electrically charged the pond service life extension, third, significant change will not occur for capacity, therefore society is bound to receive, and recognizes Its scientific value, therefore this excellent product can replace the product of inferior quality.Since in the modern life, the product purpose is extremely general Time, so significant economic value can be generated.

3rd, due to the charging modes using constant-current source, with reference to the impulse form filled but also stopped not only, section can be carried out to many batteries Maintenance, particularly to acid battery etc. major class battery, science charging has a significant impact to the service life of battery with capacity, So online also have such argument, many batteries are not damaged, but are filled this bad saying, so many advanced use Electric appliance clearly proposes the charger charging to used battery specialty.

4th, the present invention is had excellent performance, when it is flexibly adjustable to being electrically charged the charging in pond and stopping filling ratio between the time, i.e., It is that duty cycle is adjustable, second is that the frequency-adjustable of pulse, third, flexibly adjustable to being electrically charged pressure complete charge, so from multi-angle Stage construction, adapted to variety classes model is electrically charged pond model.

5th, the selection of complete charge is added, particularly for some batteries to charge for the first time, adds timing End mode, the time is accurate, need not separately be equipped with time alarm.

6th, each unit is connected science, and has accomplished comprehensive utilization, if constant current triode is to have served as the switching tube to charge again Constant current is formd, thus line circuit is simplified, reliability is high.

7th, easily production, easily debugs, is well suited for Micro-production.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the functional-block diagram of constant-current type charging unit.

In figure：1st, rectification exports；2nd, process indicating member；3rd, N-type charhing unit；5th, interface unit；6th, pulse unit；7、 End unit；8th, selecting unit；9th, counting unit；10th, pressure limiting starting unit；13rd, load unit；15th, trickle resistance.

Fig. 2 is the electronic circuitry of constant-current type charging unit.

In figure：1st, rectification exports；2.1st, process indicator light；2.2nd, process instruction protective resistance；3.11, constant current triode One；3.12nd, constant current resistance one；3.15th, constant current triggering resistance；3.13rd, tuning instruction one；3.21st, constant current triode two；3.22、 Constant current resistance two；3.23rd, tuning instruction two；5.1st, interface triode；5.2nd, charge control diode；5.3rd, Pulse Width Control two Pole pipe；5.5th, finishing control diode；5.6th, interface triggering resistance；6.1st, phase inverter one；6.5th, steering diode；6.6th, account for Sky compares adjustable resistance；6.7th, duty-cycle limit resistance；6.8th, frequency limit resistance；6.9th, frequency-adjustable resistance；6.10th, pulse is accumulated Divide capacitance；7.1st, phase inverter three；7.2nd, phase inverter four；7.3rd, feedback capacity；7.4th, feedback diode；7.5th, feedback ground connection electricity Resistance；8.1st, selecting switch；8.2nd, phase inverter five；8.3rd, diode one is selected；8.4th, diode two is selected；9.1st, counter； 9.2nd, capacitance is counted；9.3rd, adjustment resistance is counted；9.5th, protective resistance is counted；9.6th, failure of oscillation diode；9.7th, count and terminate two Pole pipe；10.1st, inclined adjustable resistance in pressure limiting；10.2nd, inclined protective resistance in pressure limiting；10.3rd, pressure limiting starts lower inclined resistance；13.1、 It is electrically charged pond；13.2nd, indicator light is contacted；13.3rd, contact instruction protective resistance；15th, trickle resistance.

Fig. 3 counts the figure of adjustment resistance both ends parallel low resistance when being fictitious load and the detection counter when detecting.

In figure：1st, rectification exports；3.11st, constant current triode one；3.12nd, constant current resistance one；3.15th, constant current triggering resistance； 3.13rd, tuning instruction one；3.21st, constant current triode two；3.22nd, constant current resistance two；3.23rd, tuning instruction two；5.1st, interface three Pole pipe；5.2, charge control diode；5.6th, interface triggering resistance；9.1st, counter；9.2nd, capacitance is counted；9.3rd, adjustment is counted Resistance；9.5th, protective resistance is counted；9.6th, failure of oscillation diode；9.7th, count and terminate diode；Adjustment electricity is counted when the 9.10th, detecting Hinder the small resistor of both ends parallel connection；10.1st, inclined adjustable resistance in pressure limiting；10.2nd, inclined protective resistance in pressure limiting；13.2nd, contact instruction Lamp；13.3rd, contact instruction protective resistance；20th, the collector resistance of fictitious load；21st, the adjustable triode of fictitious load；22nd, it is false negative The upper inclined protective resistance carried；23rd, the upper inclined adjustable resistance of fictitious load；24th, the lower inclined resistance of fictitious load.

Specific embodiment

Fig. 1,2 gone out it is a kind of implementation product example, Fig. 3 examples go out implement in detection figure.

First, element is selected：1st, phase inverter uses Schmitt NOT gate.

2nd, counter is the integrated circuit CD4060 using oscillator and binary system serial counter composition.

3rd, count capacitance for two electrolytic capacitors composition without polar form, connection mode is the anode phase of two electrolytic capacitors Even, the cathode of an electrolytic capacitor connects the first vibration end of counter, and the cathode of another electrolytic capacitor connects counting central point.

4th, two constant current triodes are NPN triode.

2nd, circuit control panel, soldered elements are made：The schematic diagram of map interlinking 2 makes circuit control panel, the schematic diagram of map interlinking 2 Soldered elements.

3rd, it is powered and checks and debug.

Check that welding is errorless, can carry out being powered checks and debugging.

1st, to the inspection of constant-current source part.

One replacement of welding is electrically charged the fictitious load in pond as shown in Figure 3.It is linked to be adjustable voltage stabilizing pipe die with a triode Intend circuit, instead of being electrically charged pond as fictitious load.After claim fictitious load.Charge output terminal and ground are connected with the voltage of universal meter Between.

Fictitious load is debugged, the voltage gear allowed in universal meter is shown as different voltage values, such as 6 volts, 12 volts, 18 volts, 24 volts.

It is linked to be the principle of adjustable voltage-stabiliser tube analog circuit with a triode, when the upper inclined resistance of the pipe becomes higher, fills The voltage at electric end will increase the bias voltage that could puncture the pipe, and the pipe is made to enter magnifying state, adjustable three pole of the fictitious load Pipe（21 in Fig. 3）Collector voltage there are one the scope of variation, thus a different zener diode can be modeled to, 6 volts, 12 volts, 18 volts 24 volts of value thus can be simulated.

Adjust the constant current value of two constant current triodes：Adjust constant current resistance（3.12 in Fig. 2 and 3.22）Value, make its constant current Value meets the requirements, and the constant current value of two constant current triodes should be of substantially equal, and if not being, should detect the back-pressure value of two constant current triodes is Triode no equal, that the back-pressure value of two constant current triodes should be selected equal.Tuning instruction should be also observed at this time（In Fig. 2 3.13 with 3.23）Ying Weixian light if do not glimmered, should increase the value of constant current resistance.If also not all right, constant current should be reduced Trigger resistance（3.15 in Fig. 2）Resistance value.It should be noted that because the PN sections of luminous tube are more at 1 volt, more than 0.7 volt, About 1.2 or so so each of two constant current triodes use one luminous tube makees tuning instruction in this measure.

2nd, the energization of N-type charhing unit is detected.

Fictitious load is connected, when fictitious load is adjusted to non-battery underfill electricity.

By Pulse Width Control diode（5.3 in Fig. 2）, finishing control diode（5.5 in Fig. 2）It disconnects, interface is touched Power generation resistance（5.6 in Fig. 2）It is connected to rectification output.Ammeter is connected on to the output of N-type charhing unit, ammeter is without electricity at this time Stream display.

Interface triggering resistance is connected to ground wire, ammeter is connected on to the output of N-type charhing unit, ammeter has electricity at this time Stream display.

It is described above correct, show that N-type charhing unit is correct, if any exception, then connect wrong.

3rd, to the inspection of pulse unit.

Voltmeter is surveyed to the collector and ground wire of interface triode, voltmeter is present with high and low two states, if not Correctly, then may be that element welding is wrong or may be that pulse integration capacitor quality is bad, serious drain.

The resistance value of frequency-adjustable resistance is adjusted, rule is that resistance value is bigger, and it is shorter to export the high-order time.

4th, to the detection and debugging of two kinds of end modes.

（1）, energization inspection to selecting unit.

Work as selecting switch（8.1 in Fig. 2）To be the end after battery is fully charged when it is disconnected, under this state.With Voltmeter surveys the output terminal of phase inverter five as a high position.

It is that timing terminates when terminating switching switch connection, under this state, the output terminal of phase inverter five is surveyed with voltmeter For low level.

（2）, detection to timing unit.

Selecting switch is pressed, allows and starts output terminal no-voltage, counter starts counting up timing.

A, the inspection of working condition.

With one end of the hot junction connection count capacitance of oscillograph, cold end ground connection.Oscillograph has vibration graphical display.

Circuit periphery is simple, counts capacitance in addition（9.2 in Fig. 2）After electrodeless electric capacity, after being powered up, show Ripple device is present with vibration graphical display immediately.

If incorrect, it is only possible to be that element is welded to connect wrong.

B, the inspection of frequency-adjustable.

Adjustment counts adjustment resistance（9.3 in Fig. 2）Resistance value makes the scope of adjusting frequency meet the requirement of design, with shaking The frequency swung can calculate period of oscillation, can be according to period of oscillation and counter（9.1 in Fig. 2）Frequency divider stage Number calculates the predetermined time of timing.And fast debugging method can be used to confirm.The method is as shown in Figure 3 in counting adjustment electricity Resistance both ends newly increase the resistance of a resistance value very little, and the ultimate output terminal of this hour counter has output quickly.

C, the detection to periodically terminating.

With fast debugging method.The method is to newly increase the resistance of a resistance value very little at counting adjustment resistance both ends, at this time The ultimate output terminal of counter has output quickly, and voltmeter surveys the ultimate output terminal of counter, there is voltage instruction, this voltage value with The supply voltage of counter is similar.

Explanation：Principle with fast debugging method is, when and after upper new resistance value small resistance, the dramatic quickening of frequency, week Phase is dramatic to shorten, because counter has result output quickly.

（3）, end to battery after fully charged detection and debugging.

Connect selecting switch（8.1 in Fig. 2）, after battery is fully charged, battery side pressure is more than that pressure limiting starts threshold value, is started End unit.

Output and the ground wire of N-type charhing unit are surveyed with voltmeter.Fictitious load is debugged, the voltage gear allowed in universal meter is shown as Different voltage values, such as 6 volts, 12 volts, 18 volts, 24 volts.

Adjust inclined adjustable resistance in pressure limiting（10.1 in Fig. 2）Value, make the phase inverter four of end unit respectively 6 volts, 12 volts, 18 volts of 24 volts of values when, have high-order output, otherwise should change inclined adjustable resistance in pressure limiting（10.1 in Fig. 2）With in pressure limiting Inclined protective resistance（10.2 in Fig. 2）Value.

5th, to the contact indicator light inspection in load unit.

When installation is electrically charged pond, and is not switched on power supply, the contact indicator light（13.2 in Fig. 2）Ying Liang, if not It is correct then may be that polarity weldering is anti-or contact instruction protective resistance（13.3 in Fig. 2）Resistance value is excessive.

6th, to the inspection of charging process instruction.

When the current collection of interface triode is extremely high-order, process indicator light does not work, the current collection extremely low level of interface triode When, process indicator light is bright.It is the damage of process indicator light if incorrect.

7th, to the detection of tiny stream electric current.

Ammeter is connected on trickle resistance（15 in Fig. 2）Branch road, debug tiny stream resistance, make tiny stream electric current in accordance with will It asks.Its rule is that resistance more low current is bigger.It is smaller that otherwise resistance gets over high current.

Claims (5)

1. constant-current type charging unit, it is characterized in that：By N-type charhing unit, interface unit, pulse unit, selecting unit, counting list Member, pressure limiting starting unit, load unit, process indicating member, end unit, trickle resistance collectively constitute；

Wherein：Trickle resistance is connected on rectification output and is electrically charged between the anode of pond；The input of N-type charhing unit meets rectification output, N The output of type charhing unit connects the anode that pond is electrically charged in load unit, the output of pressure limiting starting unit and the output of counting unit By the input of end unit, the output of end unit and the output of pulse unit enter interface unit in the form of OR gate, connect In the output access N-type charhing unit of mouth unit；

N-type charhing unit is made of constant current triggering resistance, two constant current triodes, two tuning instructions, two constant current resistances：Two constant currents three The collector of pole pipe is connected as the input of N-type charhing unit, is connected in rectification output, and constant current triggering resistance is connected on rectification output With in the base stage of two constant current triodes, the base stage of two constant current triodes is connected, the emitter of two constant current triodes respectively connects a perseverance It is the output of N-type charhing unit after leakage resistance, connects the anode for being electrically charged pond, the base stage of two constant current triodes respectively connects a tuning Indicate the output of N-type charhing unit；

Interface unit is touched by interface triode, charge control diode, Pulse Width Control diode, finishing control diode, interface Power generation resistance composition：The emitter ground line of interface triode, charge control diode are connected on the base stage of two constant current triodes with connecing Between the collector of mouth triode, the anode of Pulse Width Control diode connects the output of pulse unit, and finishing control diode is just Pole connects the output terminal of phase inverter four in end unit, the cathode of Pulse Width Control diode and the cathode phase of finishing control diode Even, connection interface triggers resistance to the base stage of interface triode；

Process indicating member is made of process indicator light and process instruction protective resistance：Process indicator light and process instruction protection electricity Resistance is connected between the collector of rectification output and interface triode；

Pulse unit by phase inverter one, steering diode, duty cycle adjustable resistance, duty-cycle limit resistance, frequency limit resistance, Frequency-adjustable resistance, pulse integration capacitance composition：One end of steering diode connects the output terminal of phase inverter one, steering diode In it is another termination duty cycle adjustable resistance, duty cycle adjustable resistance concatenate duty-cycle limit resistance to phase inverter one input terminal, Between the output terminal and input terminal of phase inverter one, pulse integration capacitance is connected on anti-the series connection frequency adjustable resistance of frequency limit resistance Between the input terminal and ground wire of phase device one, the output terminal of phase inverter one is the output of pulse unit；

Selecting unit is made of selecting switch, phase inverter five, selection diode one, selection diode two：

The one of selecting switch connects power supply, and the other end connects the input terminal of phase inverter five, and the output terminal of phase inverter five is two-way, is connect all the way The cathode of diode one is selected, the anode of diode one is selected to connect the input terminal of phase inverter three in end unit, another way selecting Select the counting central point that diode two arrives counter；

Counting unit is by counter, counting capacitance, counting adjustment resistance, counting protective resistance, failure of oscillation diode, counting end two Pole pipe counts central point composition：First vibration termination of counter counts capacitance and is counted to central point, the second vibration termination is counted Adjustment resistance counts protective resistance to counting central point, the ultimate output terminal of counter to central point, the 3rd vibration termination is counted For two-way, the first via connects failure of oscillation diode and connects counting to central point, the second tunnel is counted and terminate diode reverse phase into end unit The input terminal of device three；

End unit is made of phase inverter three, phase inverter four, feedback capacity, feedback diode, feedback ground resistance：Phase inverter three Output terminal connect the input terminal of phase inverter four, the output terminal of phase inverter four is the one end for connecing feedback capacity, inverted capacitance it is another End is also two-way, and reversed feedback ground resistance to ground wire, another way connect feedback diode to the input terminal of phase inverter three all the way；

Pressure limiting starting unit is by protective resistance, pressure limiting start lower inclined resistance and form partially in inclined adjustable resistance in pressure limiting, pressure limiting：Pressure limiting Protective resistance arrives the input terminal of phase inverter three partially in upper inclined adjustable resistance concatenation pressure limiting, and pressure limiting starting lower inclined resistance is connected on phase inverter Three input terminal is between ground wire；

Load unit is electrically charged pond, contact indicator light, contact instruction protective resistance composition：Contact indicator light is with contacting instruction protection Resistance is connected on the both ends for being electrically charged pond, is electrically charged pond and is connected between output and the ground wire of N-type charhing unit.

2. constant-current type charging unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Phase inverter uses Schmitt NOT gate.

3. constant-current type charging unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Counter is using oscillator and binary string The integrated circuit CD4060 of linage-counter composition.

4. constant-current type charging unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Count the nothing that capacitance is two electrolytic capacitors composition Polar form, connection mode are that the anode of two electrolytic capacitors is connected, and the cathode of an electrolytic capacitor connects the first vibration of counter End, the cathode of another electrolytic capacitor connect counting central point.

5. constant-current type charging unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Two constant current triodes are NPN triode.