CN108075164A - Secondary cell and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Secondary cell and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108075164A CN108075164A CN201610984629.3A CN201610984629A CN108075164A CN 108075164 A CN108075164 A CN 108075164A CN 201610984629 A CN201610984629 A CN 201610984629A CN 108075164 A CN108075164 A CN 108075164A
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- material layer
- current collector
- positive electrode
- secondary cell
- carbon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
A kind of secondary cell, comprising:Positive electrode, the carbon layer which includes the first current collector, is arranged on the positive electrode active material layer of the first current collector one side and is arranged between first current collector and the positive electrode active material layer;The separately positioned negative electrode with the positive electrode, the second current collector one side is arranged on including the second current collector and multiple overlap each other and with the composite bed of physical vaporous deposition formation, and each composite bed includes the second carbon material layer and the material layer being arranged on second carbon material layer;And it is located in the isolation film between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of secondary cell, more particularly to a kind of increased lithium battery of volumetric capacitance amount.
Background technology
Secondary cell refers to a kind of after power consumption, still chargeable and reuse battery, including plumbic acid electricity
Pond, nickel-cadmium cell, Ni-MH battery, lithium battery etc., in recent years then using the use of lithium battery as mainstream.The application of secondary cell at present
Electronic device is concentrated mainly on, can also be applied to energy storage and power battery field, such as electric car, large-scale uninterrupted power system
(uninterruptable power supply, UPS), even space flight device etc..
However, with development in science and technology, electronic device is promoted for the demand of capacitance is also relatively previous, caused existing secondary
Battery can not gradually meet its demand, and many research teams take up to study, it is desirable to promote the capacitance of secondary cell.
The use of the negative electrode containing silicon particle is exactly a kind of method for improving volumetric capacitance amount, such as TaiWan, China patent of invention
No. 567633 is announced, a kind of electrode material of rechargeable lithium batteries is proposed, is by the silicon base material material of specified particle diameter scope
Powder is with using carbon dust, transition metal powder, tin powder, water, organic solvent, polymer, polymer monomer etc. to be used as additive
Material be mixed to form negative material fine powder after, which is mixed to form paste, apply
It applies on current collector, positive electrode layer can be obtained after dry.
However, silicon can generate great volume change, therefore the solid electrolytic that silicon face is formed during charge and discharge
Matter interfacial film (solid electrolyte interface, SEI) is easily broken peeling, causes silicon particle with cycle-index
Increase and less and less, and volumetric capacitance amount is made relatively to reduce, and then lose the effect of addition silicon particle.Such as this kind of shortcoming
The application range of such electrode is limited, therefore, there is an urgent need for one kind can improve foregoing problems, and promote the secondary of volume capacitance
Battery.
The content of the invention
The main object of the present invention is that volumetric capacitance amount is not using the secondary cell of silicon-containing electrode material known to solving
The problem of sufficient.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of secondary cell with special positive electrode and negative electrode structure.Tool
For body, secondary cell of the invention includes:Positive electrode, the positive electrode include the first current collector, are arranged on first current collector
The positive electrode active material layer of one side and the first carbon being arranged between first current collector and the positive electrode active material layer
Material layer;The separately positioned negative electrode with the positive electrode, including the second current collector and it is multiple overlap each other be arranged on this
Two current collector one sides and the composite bed sequentially formed with physical vaporous deposition, each composite bed include the second carbon material layer with
And it is arranged at the material layer on second carbon material layer;And it is located in isolating between the positive electrode and the negative electrode
Film.
The present invention also provides a kind of production method of secondary cell, comprising:
Step A1:First current collector and the second current collector are provided;
Step A2:Carbon layer and positive electrode active material layer are coated in the one side of first current collector, makes this
Carbon layer is arranged between first current collector and the positive electrode active material layer and positive electrode is made, with physical vapor
Sedimentation forms the composite bed of multiple settings that overlap each other in the side of second current collector and negative electrode is made, wherein, it is each to be somebody's turn to do
Composite bed includes the second carbon material layer and the material layer being arranged on second carbon material layer;
Step A3:Between the positive electrode and the negative electrode sandwiched isolation film and add in electrolyte be made secondary cell.
In conclusion the present invention is compared to the attainable effect of known technology institute:It sinks by using the physical vapor
The structure for the composite bed that area method is formed can reduce the weight and volume of active material in the secondary cell, improve secondary electricity
Gram capacitance in pond and volumetric capacitance amount, while reduce positive electrode active material layer contact with first current collector electricity
Resistance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the secondary cell of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the secondary battery construction schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the secondary battery construction schematic diagram of second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the making step flow diagram of the secondary cell of one embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is described in detail in cooperation the drawings and specific embodiments below.
Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the secondary cell of one embodiment of the invention, which includes positive electrode 11, bears
Electrode 12 and isolation film 13, the negative electrode 12 and the positive electrode 11 are separately positioned, and the isolation film 13 is located in the positive electrode
It contacts with each other between 11 and the negative electrode 12 and respectively with the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12, which includes the first collection
Stream device 111, positive electrode active material layer 112 and carbon layer 113, the positive electrode active material layer 112 are arranged on this
First current collector, 111 one side, the carbon layer 113 are arranged at first current collector 111 and the positive electrode active material layer
Between 112, the material of first current collector 111 can be used high conductivity and not show the metal of activity to cell reaction, such as
Aluminium, copper, iron, nickel, platinum, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, vanadium, chromium, titanium or zirconium, the material of the positive electrode active material layer 112 can be selected often
Transition metal oxide, such as LiFePO4, lithium nickel cobalt, lithium nickel cobalt manganese, cobalt acid lithium, lithium nickelate or LiMn2O4, other can
Material as the positive electrode active material layer 112 can also be including the oxide of iron and other metal oxides etc., this
The material of one carbon material layer 113 can be pure carbon, graphite, graphene or its combination.
The negative electrode 12 includes the second current collector 121 and multiple overlap each other is arranged on 121 one side of the second current collector
Composite bed 122, the material of second current collector 121 can be used with high conductivity and cell reaction is not showed activity gold
Belong to, such as aluminium, copper, iron, nickel, platinum, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, vanadium, chromium, titanium or zirconium.In the present invention, which is to utilize
Physical vaporous deposition is formed, such as can daily sputtering method (Sputter deposition), electron beam vapor deposition method
(Electron beam evaporation) or vacuum arc deposition method (Vacuum arc deposition), each this is compound
Layer 122 includes the second carbon material layer (not represented in Fig. 1) and the material layer (Fig. 1 being arranged on second carbon material layer
In do not represent).Wherein, the number of plies n of the composite bed 122 can be considered according to actual conditions and adjusted, for example, n can be between 2 to 30
Between, between preferably 3 to 20, and the integer between more preferably 3 to 15.If the quantity of the composite bed 122 is very little, can not
Effectively improve capacitance, conversely, as the composite bed 122 quantity it is too many, then easily when the composite bed 122 forms a film caused by
Stress and be peeling the composite bed 122.
First embodiment
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the secondary battery construction schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention, it, should in first embodiment
Secondary cell 2 includes positive electrode 21, negative electrode 22 and isolation film 23, and the negative electrode 22 and the positive electrode 21 are separately positioned, and
The isolation film 23 is located between the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 and mutual with the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22 respectively
Contact, the positive electrode 21 include the first current collector 211, positive electrode active material layer 212 and carbon layer 213, this is just
Electrode active material layers 212 are arranged on 211 one side of the first current collector, which is arranged at first afflux
Between device 211 and the positive electrode active material layer 212;The negative electrode 22 includes the second current collector 221 and multiple overlaps each other
It is arranged on the composite bed 222 of 221 side of the second current collector.Each composite bed 222 includes mutually independent second carbon material layer
2221 and material layer 2222, in this present embodiment, both second carbon material layer 2221 and the material layer 2222
It is single laminated structure, it is three layers to overlie one another in the one side of second current collector 221 and quantity, and wherein, it is neighbouring to set
It is contacted in second carbon material layer 2221 of the composite bed 222 of second current collector 221 with second current collector 221.
In this present embodiment, which further includes the 3rd carbon material layer 223, and the 3rd carbon material layer 223 is formed at
The one side of the composite bed 222 away from second current collector 221 so that the one side of the 3rd carbon material layer 223 and the isolation film 23
Contact, and opposite side is contacted with the adjacent material layer 2222.At this point, each material layer 2222 is located in phase
Between adjacent second carbon material layer 2221 or between 2221 and the 3rd carbon material layer 223 of the second carbon material layer.
Second carbon material layer 2221,2222 and the 3rd carbon material layer 223 of material layer can be by foregoing
Sputtering method, electron beam vapor deposition method or vacuum arc deposition method and obtain, overlie one another and formed overlap should
Composite bed 222.The thickness of each second carbon material layer 2221,2222 and the 3rd carbon material layer 223 of material layer
Each stand alone as 10 nanometers (nm) between 200 nanometers (nm), preferably 50 nanometers (nm) between 100 nanometers (nm), if
Second carbon material layer 2221, the thickness of 2222 and the 3rd carbon material layer 223 of material layer are too thick, probably because of these
The film formation time of material layer is too long and without economic benefit, and thickness is thicker causes its internal stress big and uneven, easily causes stripping,
Conversely, such as second carbon material layer 2221,2222 and the 3rd carbon material layer 223 of material layer are too thin, then it is probably insufficient
To reach the effect for the capacitance for effectively improving the secondary cell.
Second embodiment
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is 3 structure diagram of secondary cell of second embodiment of the invention, in second embodiment,
The secondary cell 3 includes positive electrode 31, negative electrode 32 and isolation film 33, and the negative electrode 32 and the positive electrode 31 are separately positioned,
And the isolation film 33 is located between the positive electrode 31 and the negative electrode 32 and respectively with the positive electrode 31 and 32 phase of negative electrode
Mutually contact, the positive electrode 31 include the first current collector 311, positive electrode active material layer 312 and carbon layer 313, should
Positive electrode active material layer 312 is arranged on 311 one side of the first current collector, which is arranged at first collection
It flows between device 311 and the positive electrode active material layer 312;The negative electrode 32 includes the second current collector 321 and multiple weighs each other
The folded composite bed 322 for being arranged on 321 one side of the second current collector.
The composite bed 322 includes the second carbon material layer 3221 and material layer 3222, wherein, the material layer
3222 be pattern structure, such as the strip extended towards vertical page, and different from the list of aforementioned first embodiment
One laminated structure.The negative electrode 32 further includes the 3rd carbon material layer 323, and the 3rd carbon material layer 323 is formed at the composite bed 322
One side away from second current collector 321 so that the one side of the 3rd carbon material layer 323 is contacted with the isolation film 33.It is at this point, every
The one material layer 3222 is located between adjacent second carbon material layer 3221 or second carbon material layer 3221
Between the 3rd carbon material layer 323.
Thus structure, it is possible to provide more passages penetrate into the inside of the negative electrode 32 by electrolyte, avoid the negative electrode 32
3222 spalling of material layer after lead to the problem of and make secondary cell rapid failure.Reach reduction idle space accordingly
Waste, the effect for effectively reducing by 32 volume of negative electrode, and the electrolyte can pass through the patterned material layer 3222
Between hole carry out flowing exchange.
Hereafter the production method for being directed to the secondary cell with said structure in detail is illustrated.
Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 be by taking the production method of the secondary cell 2 of first embodiment in Fig. 2 of the present invention as an example for
It is bright, wherein, the material selection of each element sees previous embodiment explanation, is repeated no more in this.The production method includes following
Step:
Step A1:First current collector 211 and the second current collector 221 are provided.
Step A2:Carbon layer 213 and positive electrode active material layer are coated in the one side of first current collector 211
212, the carbon layer 213 is made to be arranged between first current collector 211 and the positive electrode active material layer 212 and be made
Positive electrode 21.In step A2, the carbon layer 213 and the positive electrode active material layer 212 can be respectively coated this
The carbon layer 213 for example, is first coated in the one side of one current collector 211, then at the carbon layer after its drying
The positive electrode active material layer 212 is coated on 213;Also the carbon layer 213 and the positive electrode active material can be carried out at the same time
The coating of the bed of material 212 makes the carbon layer 213 with the positive electrode active material layer 212 in intersection phase counterdiffusion, formation
Graded.Because when being carried out at the same time coating, not had between the carbon layer 213 and the positive electrode active material layer 212
Interface exists, therefore the present invention is preferable in the method for being carried out at the same time coating.
Then the compound of multiple settings that overlap each other is formed with physical vaporous deposition in the one side of second current collector 221
Layer 222 and be made negative electrode 22, wherein, each composite bed 222 include the second carbon material layer 2221 and be arranged at this second
Material layer 2222 on carbon material layer 2221.The physical vaporous deposition can be sputtering method, electron-beam evaporation
Method or vacuum arc deposition method.
In the present invention, there is no particular restriction for the production order of the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22, can also first make
Make the negative electrode 22, then make the positive electrode 21.
Step A3:The sandwiched isolation film 23 between the positive electrode 21 and the negative electrode 22.Such as, non-woven fabrics or polyphosphazene polymer
The film that object perforated membrane etc. carries pore structure is closed, can be used as the isolation film 23, there is no particular restriction to this by the present invention.
Step A2-1 is further included after step A2, is one of the composite bed 222 away from second current collector 221
Side forms the 3rd carbon material layer 223 so that the one side of the 3rd carbon material layer 223 is contacted with the isolation film 23.3rd carbon materials
The bed of material 223 can be formed by pure carbon, graphite, graphene or said combination.And after step A3, electrolyte containing lithium salt is added,
The secondary cell 2 with the structure such as Fig. 2 is made.
The secondary cell 3 of second embodiment of the invention such as to be made must then be formed carrying out the physical vaporous deposition
Further the material layer 3222 is patterned during the composite bed 222 using mask, remaining step is in foregoing phase
Together, do not repeat separately herein.
To verify the technical effect of secondary cell of the present invention, the present invention by known secondary cell as comparative example, and with
The secondary cell 2 of invention first embodiment is tested and compared, which carried out using slurry coating method
Make, the secondary cell 2 of first embodiment of the invention be then with the physical vaporous deposition formed the negative electrode 22 this is compound
Layer 222, and use the material layer 2222.Be related to the weight of both activities material, the volume of active material, gram capacitance,
Volumetric capacitance amount, coulombic efficiency (Coulombic efficiency) and cycle efficieny (Reversible efficiency),
It is as shown in table 1 below.Active material refers to the carbon layer 213, the positive electrode active material layer 212 and the composite bed herein
222;Coulombic efficiency is first time discharge capacity divided by first time charging capacitor amount;Cycle efficieny is second of discharge capacity
Divided by first time discharge capacity, and carry out 100 charge and discharge cycles and observe its capacitance decline percentage to infer its use
Service life.
Table 1
To know secondary cell | First embodiment | |
The weight of active material | 9~11mg | 5~6mg |
The volume of active material | 0.025~0.03cm3 | 0.003~0.006cm3 |
Gram capacitance | 80~90mAh/g | 115~125mAh/g |
Volumetric capacitance amount | 30~40mAh/cm3 | 120~130mAh/cm3 |
Coulombic efficiency | 80~81% | 80~81% |
Cycle efficieny | 82~83% | 82~83% |
From upper table 1, compared to known secondary cell, the secondary cell 2 of first embodiment of the invention is not only in activity
About 50% is reduced in the weight of material, the volume of active material is even more to be greatly decreased to 0.003~0.006cm3.And the present invention the
The secondary cell 2 of one embodiment is now superior to known secondary cell in gram capacitance and volumetric capacitance scale, particularly volume
There is very significant improvement in terms of capacitance.In addition, with to know that secondary cell is compared, the coulombic efficiency of first embodiment of the invention
And cycle efficieny has no deterioration or reduction.
Therefore, the composite bed that the present invention is formed using the physical vaporous deposition, can make in secondary cell of the present invention
The weight and volume of active material reduce, the material volume of the negative electrode reduces 50%~90%, improve gram capacitance and
Volumetric capacitance amount, while reduce the contact resistance of the positive electrode active material layer and first current collector;And storehouse can't be sacrificed
Human relations efficiency and cycle efficieny.
Supplementary notes, for the ordinal number before element or step, for example " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " etc. are only
Facilitate explanation, so that one skilled in the art can more understand the present invention, ordinal number " first ", " second ", "
Three " etc. are not intended to the order or content that limitation uses.For example, " carbon layer ", " the second carbon material layer ", with
" the 3rd carbon material layer " is only used for representing different carbon material layers, and the composition for so forming those carbon material layers can be mutually the same or not
Together.In addition, each layer thickness size of the secondary cell enumerated in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is only for convenience of description, not anticipate
Figure limits each thickness magnitude relationship, and any those familiar with ordinary skill in the art can be according to actual conditions, without departing from this
Appropriate adjustment is carried out on the premise of patent application protection domain.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, when cannot be used for limiting the present invention.It is that is, any
It is familiar with equivalent changes and modifications that the ordinary skill people of this field is made according to the scope of the present invention etc., all should still belongs to institute of the present invention
In the protection domain of attached claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of secondary cell, which is characterized in that include:
Positive electrode, the positive electrode include the first current collector, be arranged on the positive electrode active material layer of the first current collector one side with
And it is arranged at the carbon layer between first current collector and the positive electrode active material layer;
Negative electrode, separately positioned with the positive electrode, which includes the second current collector and multiple overlap each other is arranged on this
Second current collector one side and the composite bed sequentially formed with physical vaporous deposition, each composite bed include the second carbon material layer
And it is arranged at the material layer on second carbon material layer;And
Isolation film is located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
2. the secondary cell as described in claim the 1, which is characterized in that second current collector near second afflux
Second carbon material layer contact of the composite bed of device.
3. the secondary cell as described in claim the 1, which is characterized in that the negative electrode further includes that be arranged at the composite bed remote
3rd carbon material layer of the one side from second current collector, and the 3rd carbon material layer one side is contacted with the isolation film.
4. the secondary cell as described in claim the 1, which is characterized in that the number of plies of the composite bed is between 2 to 30.
5. the secondary cell as described in claim the 1, which is characterized in that the material layer is single laminated structure.
6. the secondary cell as described in claim the 1, which is characterized in that the material layer has pattern structure.
7. a kind of production method of secondary cell, which is characterized in that include:
Step A1:First current collector and the second current collector are provided;
Step A2:Be coated with carbon layer and positive electrode active material layer in the one side of first current collector, make this first
Carbon material layer is arranged between first current collector and the positive electrode active material layer and positive electrode is made, with physical vapour deposition (PVD)
Method forms the composite bed of multiple settings that overlap each other in the one side of second current collector and negative electrode is made, wherein, each this is answered
Closing layer includes the second carbon material layer and the material layer being arranged on second carbon material layer;
Step A3:Between the positive electrode and the negative electrode sandwiched isolation film and add in electrolyte be made secondary cell.
8. the method as described in claim the 7, which is characterized in that further include step A2-1, Yu Yuan after the step A2
The 3rd carbon material layer is formed from the one side on the composite bed of second current collector.
9. the method as described in claim the 7, which is characterized in that also make the material using mask in the step A2
Pattern layers.
10. the method as described in claim the 7, which is characterized in that the physical vaporous deposition is splashes in the step A2
Penetrate any one in sedimentation, electron beam vapor deposition method and vacuum arc deposition method.
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CN100566006C (en) * | 2005-05-17 | 2009-12-02 | 三井金属矿业株式会社 | The manufacture method of nonaqueous electrolytic solution secondary battery |
CN103443971A (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2013-12-11 | 株式会社半导体能源研究所 | Lithium-ion secondary battery |
CN103988342A (en) * | 2011-10-06 | 2014-08-13 | 奈克松有限公司 | Etched silicon structures, method of forming etched silicon structures and uses thereof |
CN104253266A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | 黄炳照 | Multilayer film silicon/graphene composite material anode structure |
CN104577129A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2015-04-29 | 安炬科技股份有限公司 | electrochemical device structure containing graphene |
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2016
- 2016-11-09 CN CN201610984629.3A patent/CN108075164A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN100566006C (en) * | 2005-05-17 | 2009-12-02 | 三井金属矿业株式会社 | The manufacture method of nonaqueous electrolytic solution secondary battery |
CN103443971A (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2013-12-11 | 株式会社半导体能源研究所 | Lithium-ion secondary battery |
CN103988342A (en) * | 2011-10-06 | 2014-08-13 | 奈克松有限公司 | Etched silicon structures, method of forming etched silicon structures and uses thereof |
CN104253266A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | 黄炳照 | Multilayer film silicon/graphene composite material anode structure |
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