CN108074701A - A kind of high density bonded permanent magnet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high density bonded permanent magnet and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108074701A CN108074701A CN201610975935.0A CN201610975935A CN108074701A CN 108074701 A CN108074701 A CN 108074701A CN 201610975935 A CN201610975935 A CN 201610975935A CN 108074701 A CN108074701 A CN 108074701A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]
- H01F7/0205—Magnetic circuits with PM in general
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/0266—Moulding; Pressing
Abstract
The present invention provides high density bonded permanent magnets and preparation method thereof, the high density bonded permanent magnet is made of coarse grain powder, the particulate powders of 1~25wt%, 0.5~5.0wt% organic binder bonds and 0.05~1.2wt% fire-resistant lubricants, and the coarse grain powder is surplus.The present invention can prepare the sample rate prepared under common process 1000MPa with the low shaping pressure of 100MPa or so, so as to significantly reduce the requirement to mold material, shaping press tonnage, improve the service life of mold, die cost and equipment investment are reduced, a compression moulding is can also be achieved for anisotropic bonded magnet and improves the degree of orientation of magnetic powder, the magnetic property of magnet and cost of implementation optimization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high density bonded permanent magnets and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Bonded permanent magnet is with dimensional accuracy is high, magnetic property uniformity is good, freedom shape is big, easy realization automates, is easy to
Batch production, utilization rate of raw materials are high, resistivity high-eddy small loss and other features, thus computer, communication, consumer electronics,
The fields such as office automation, industrial automation, energy saving household electrical appliances, auto industry are widely used.Last century the eighties
The appearance of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet material so that bonded permanent magnet enters the fast-developing period centered on Agglutinate neodymium-iron-boron magnet,
It is well known that Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet material have the characteristics that it is hard and crisp, when to neodymium iron boron powder pressing need apply it is very high
Pressure, neodymium iron boron powder could be compacted into shape has the bonded permanent magnet of practical value, such as using adding in neodymium iron boron powder
Add the composition of raw materials of 2.0wt% epoxy adhesives and 0.4wt% zinc stearate lubricants, with the shaping pressure of 1200MPa
It is suppressed in punching block, magnet density obtained also only has about 6.0g/cm3.And higher shaping pressure is to shaping dies material
It is required that high, big to the aging effects of shaping dies, die cost is high, at the same the product for preparing small size just need large-tonnage into
Shape press, input are big.
For anisotropic bonded magnet particularly anisotropic bond multipole rare earth magnetic, due to rare-earth magnetic coercivity
Height, magnetic powder is made fully to be orientated, and required magnetic field intensity is just very high, and this requires magnetic field sources (either electromagnetic fields or permanent magnet magnetic
) it is near enough apart from magnetic powder, that is, the side thickness of die of shaping dies wants very little, thus current technology in magnetic field orientating to magnetic
The shaping compacting pressure very little that powder applies, under the prior art, low shaping compacting pressure means the close of the shaping green compact prepared
Degree is very low, and therefore, the forming technology of existing anisotropic bonded magnet is often taken is orientated shaping green compact turn by low-density
It moves on to the interior height compacting pressure that applies again under no magnetic field orientating of the thicker mold of wall thickness and is formed into the density finally needed, this is not
But it increases manufacturing procedure, improve cost, and High Voltage compacting can make magnetic powder generate random file and plastic deformation again,
The degree of orientation of magnetic powder is destroyed, deteriorates the magnetic property of magnet.
Chinese patent CN 100568410C propose a kind of method that warm-pressing formation prepares bonded permanent magnet, i.e., in mold
80~220 DEG C are warmed to raw material powder, then re-compacted shaping, but this method obtains same density sample compared with room temperature shapes
The reduction amplitude of pressure or still not big enough with the density increase rate that sample is prepared under shaping pressure is shaped during product, according to the patent
Specification, preparing the magnetic property of sample under identical shaping pressure, density is improved only no more than 20% in other words, still cannot be thorough
Solve the problems, such as that neodymium iron boron powder forming pressure is higher.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as powder especially rare earth powder shaping compacting pressure it is higher, the present invention by powder size, into
Shape temperature field, shaping oscillator field organically combine, shaping compacting pressure is greatly lowered.Its principle is to utilize to soften under temperature field
Organic binder bond and high-temperature lubricant dual lubricating action, reduce powder moving, rotate when powder between frictional force, lead to
Crossing oscillator field makes powder particle quickly move, rotate and fully resets, and reaches particulate powders and is effectively filled to coarse granule powder
The effect in gap between end, so as to which shaping compacting pressure be greatly lowered, therefore, the collocation of powder size is just extremely closed
Key.Powder by mobility, mould filling have good coarse grain powder and for calking particulate powders according to certain ratio
Example is made into.Coarse grain powder particle diameter distribution will generally conform to normal distribution, and granularity major control grain size is less than 38 μm of powder
Last ratio is not above 5wt%, and for powder is made to have preferable mobility and small mould filling, maximum particle diameter also should be excessive,
For ratio of the grain size more than 180 μm not higher than 5wt%, the pattern of coarse grain powder is not limited to spherical, subsphaeroidal, the polygon bodily form, piece
Shape and aciculiform.Since the main function of particulate powders is calking, the additive amount and particulate powders of particulate powders
The selection of grain size depends not only on the particle diameter distribution of coarse grain powder, additionally depends on the pattern of coarse grain powder.According to coarse granule
Powder diameter is distributed and pattern can rely on practical experience or associated analog software, estimation or calculating coarse grain powder powder inside
Porosity after rearrangement, to determine the parameter of particulate powders.The optimum addition of particulate powders is exactly between coarse grain powder
Porosity, the grain sizes of particulate powders cannot be too big, maximum no more than 15 μm, preferably less than 5 μm, it is contemplated that preparation work
The factors such as skill, cost, the grain size of particulate powders also should not be too small.
The present invention provide it is a kind of using low pressure pressure prepare high density bonded permanent magnet, the high density bonded permanent magnet by
Coarse grain powder, the particulate powders of 1~25wt%, 0.5~5.0wt% organic binder bonds and the resistance to height of 0.05~1.2wt%
Gentle lubrication prescription composition, the coarse grain powder are surplus;Wherein, the grain size of the coarse grain powder is between 25~250 μm,
Ratio of the middle grain size less than 38 μm is not higher than 5wt%, and ratio of the grain size more than 180 μm is not higher than 5wt%, the coarse grain powder
Selected from least one of isotropism or anisotropic neodymium iron boron, neodymium iron nitrogen, samarium iron nitrogen, SmCo, ferrite;Described thin
The grain size of grain powder for 0.1~15 μm, the particulate powders be selected from isotropism or anisotropic neodymium iron boron, neodymium iron nitrogen,
At least one of samarium iron nitrogen, SmCo, ferrite;The organic binder bond is selected from epoxy resin, phenolic resin, acrylic resin
At least one of;The fire-resistant lubricants is selected from molybdenum disulfide, zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, lithium stearate, stearic acid
At least one of calcium, magnesium stearate, barium stearate, strontium stearate, odium stearate.
Further explanation as the high density bonded permanent magnet to the present invention, it is preferable that the particulate powders add
Dosage is 5~15wt%, and particulate powders grain size is 0.2~5 μm.
Further explanation as the high density bonded permanent magnet to the present invention, it is preferable that the organic binder bond
Additive amount is 2.0~3.0wt%.
Further explanation as the high density bonded permanent magnet to the present invention, it is preferable that the fire-resistant lubricants
Additive amount be 0.2~0.6wt%.
Further explanation as the high density bonded permanent magnet to the present invention, it is preferable that the fire-resistant lubricants
Heatproof temperature be not less than 60 DEG C.
According to another aspect of the present invention, it is described the present invention also provides a kind of method for preparing high density bonded permanent magnet
Method includes the following steps:1) particulate powders are uniformly blended into coarse grain powder, to obtain mixed-powder;2) claim in proportion
Take organic binder bond, and be completely dissolved in proper amount of acetone, be then proportionally added into the mixed-powder, it is agitated plus
Heat makes acetone volatilize completely, obtains the magnetic powder of the drying uniformly coated through organic binder bond;3) high temperature resistant profit is proportionally added into again
Lubrication prescription is sufficiently mixed and uniformly obtains precommpression magnetic powder;4) the precommpression magnetic powder is put into and predetermined temperature is heated in mold
60~160 DEG C, after temperature reaches, apply predetermined shaping pressure and apply predetermined vibration pressure, vibration compacting simultaneously;And 5)
The demoulding obtains high density bonded permanent magnet shaping base, then coats, magnetizes, detects through follow-up conventional curing, light decorations, surface, with
To finished product.Here, anti-oxidation processing is carried out in advance for oxidizable particulate powders.
As to the present invention the preparation method further explanation, it is preferable that the coarse grain powder be surplus, institute
The additive amounts of particulate powders is stated as 1~25wt%, the additive amount of the organic binder bond is 0.5~5.0wt%, the resistance to height
The additive amount of gentle lubrication prescription is 0.05~1.2wt%;Wherein, the grain size of the coarse grain powder is between 25~250 μm,
In, ratio of the grain size less than 38 μm is not higher than 5wt%, and ratio of the grain size more than 180 μm is not higher than 5wt%, the coarse granule powder
End is selected from least one of isotropism or anisotropic neodymium iron boron, neodymium iron nitrogen, samarium iron nitrogen, SmCo, ferrite;It is described thin
The grain size of particle powder is 0.1~15 μm, and the particulate powders are selected from isotropism or anisotropic neodymium iron boron, neodymium iron
At least one of nitrogen, samarium iron nitrogen, SmCo, ferrite;The organic binder bond is selected from epoxy resin, phenolic resin, acrylic acid
At least one of resin;The fire-resistant lubricants is selected from molybdenum disulfide, zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, lithium stearate, tristearin
At least one of sour calcium, magnesium stearate barium stearate, strontium stearate, odium stearate.
Further explanation as the preparation method to the present invention, it is preferable that the precommpression magnetic powder is put into mold
Inside it is heated to 80~120 DEG C of predetermined temperature.
Further explanation as the preparation method to the present invention, it is preferable that apply 50~200MPa on mold
Shaping pressure suppressed, while vibration is imposed to mold, vibration pressure is the 30~200% of shaping pressure, time of vibration
For 1~5s.
Further explanation as the preparation method to the present invention, it is preferable that apply 80~130MPa on mold
Shaping pressure suppressed, while vibration is imposed to mold, vibration is by force the 40~100% of shaping pressure, and time of vibration is
2s。
In short, the detailed implementation process of technical solution of the present invention is as follows:A) routinely using grain size 25~250 μm it
Between, 0.1~15 μm of the fine grained powder of 1~25wt% is uniformly blended into the coarse grain powder of particle diameter distribution substantially normal distribution
End, particulate powders adding proportion preferably 5~15wt%, preferably 0.2~5 μm of particulate powders granularity, for oxidizable thin
Particle powder will carry out anti-oxidation processing in advance.B) coated to obtaining mixed-powder by a with organic binder bond, the method for cladding is excellent
Wet method is selected to coat, binding agent is epoxy resin, the mixture of phenolic resin, one or more of acrylic resin, additive amount
For 0.5~5.0wt%, preferred additive amount is 2.0~3.0wt%.Lubrication is added in the powder for having coated organic binder bond
Agent obtains precommpression powder, and lubricant selects fire-resistant lubricants, such as molybdenum disulfide, zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, stearic acid
At least one of lithium, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, barium stearate, strontium stearate, odium stearate, additive amount for 0.05~
1.2%, preferred additive amount is 0.2~0.6%.C) by the precommpression powder filling obtained by b into die cavity, with mold
It is heated to below the softening point point cured above of binding agent, general heating temperature is 60~160 DEG C, according to common binding agent more
Common heating temperature is 80~120 DEG C.D) after temperature reaches, the compacting pressure of 50~200MPa is applied on mold, simultaneously
Vibration is imposed to mold, vibration force is the 30~200% of pressure, and time of vibration is 1~5s.It is preferred that compacting pressure for 80~
130MPa, preferred vibration force are the 40~100% of pressure, and preferred time of vibration is 2s.E) being demoulded after d shapes can obtain
Shape base to high density bonded permanent magnet, then include curing through subsequent technique process, light decorations, surface coat, magnetize, detect etc. and to obtain
Finished product.
For the present invention compared with conventional art, the main advantages of the present invention be:1) in grain size between 25~250 μm, grain size
0.1~15 μm of the particulate powders of 1~25wt% are uniformly blended into the distribution substantially coarse grain powder of normal distribution;2) exist
Vibration is imposed while applying pressing pressure shaping to mold, vibration force is the 30~200% of pressure, before vibration is suppressed,
First powder and mold are heated, temperature is controlled below the softening point point cured above of binding agent used;3) apply into
Shape pressing pressure is low-pressure, and for pressed powder, the closely knit of powder generally can be realized with the pressure of 50~200MPa
Change, it is suitable with the green density that common process 1000MPa or so pressure shapes.Similar to technical solution of the present invention or similar skill
Art is there is not yet report.The present invention can prepare the sample prepared under common process 1000MPa with the low shaping pressure of 100MPa or so
Product density so as to significantly reduce the requirement to mold material, shaping press tonnage, improves the service life of mold, reduces
Die cost and equipment investment can also be achieved a compression moulding for anisotropic bonded magnet and improve the orientation of magnetic powder
Degree, the magnetic property of magnet and cost of implementation optimization.
Specific embodiment
In order to which auditor is enable to further appreciate that structure, feature and the other purposes of the present invention, in conjunction with appended preferable
Detailed description are as follows for embodiment, and embodiment described is merely to illustrate technical scheme, and the non-limiting present invention.
Embodiment
Powder raw material used in making:
Preparation process:1) particulate powders are uniformly blended into coarse grain powder in the ratio in table 1, to obtain mixed powder
End;2) organic binder bond is weighed in the ratio in table 1, and is completely dissolved in proper amount of acetone, be then proportionally added into institute
Mixed-powder is stated, agitated, heating makes acetone volatilize completely, obtains the magnetic powder of the drying uniformly coated through organic binder bond;3)
Lubricant is added in the ratio in table 1 again, is sufficiently mixed and uniformly obtains precommpression magnetic powder;4) by the conditional parameter in table 1, by institute
It states precommpression magnetic powder and is put into and predetermined temperature is heated in mold, after temperature reaches, apply predetermined shaping pressure and apply simultaneously
Predetermined vibration pressure, vibration compacting;And 5) demoulding obtains high density bonded permanent magnet shaping base, then consolidate through follow-up conventional
Change, light decorations, surface coat, magnetize, detect, to obtain finished product.
The test data of 1 embodiment of table and comparative sample
In order to verify the effect of the technical program, a series of experiment is carried out, experiment condition and test data are shown in Table 1.
The sample that wherein sequence number 1,2,8,9,10,11,12,18,20,22 and 24 is prepared for the technology of the present invention, 3,4,5,6,13,14,15
The sample prepared with 16 for part using the technology of the present invention, 7,17,19,21,23 and 24 samples prepared for existing conventional techniques.
Under equivalent formulation, preparing sample under 60~200MPa of shaping compacting pressure using technical solution of the present invention can be more than
Or the density of sample is prepared close under common process 1000MPa, the present invention can significantly reduce shaping compacting pressure;Part uses
The technology of the present invention prepares the density of sample significantly lower than the sample prepared using technical solution of the present invention comprehensively, this is also turned out appropriately
Particle diameter distribution, temperature field, oscillator field three be an indivisible system, it is indispensable.
It is close can to obtain higher shaping base compared with conventional art under low shaping compacting pressure for technical solution of the present invention
Degree, significantly reduces the requirement to mold material, shaping press tonnage, improves the service life of mold, glued for anisotropy
Knot magnet can also be achieved a compression moulding, avoids substep shaping to the destruction of the magnetic powder degree of orientation and reduces cost.
It is to be understood that foregoing invention content and specific embodiment are intended to prove technical solution provided by the present invention
Practical application should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.Those skilled in the art are in spirit and principles of the present invention
It is interior, when can various modifications may be made, equivalent substitution or improvement.Protection scope of the present invention is subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of high density bonded permanent magnet, which is characterized in that the high density bonded permanent magnet is by coarse grain powder, 1~25wt%
Particulate powders, 0.5~5.0wt% organic binder bonds and 0.05~1.2wt% fire-resistant lubricants composition, described thick
Grain powder is surplus;Wherein,
The grain size of the coarse grain powder is between 25~250 μm, and wherein ratio of the grain size less than 38 μm is not higher than 5wt%, grain
Ratio of the footpath more than 180 μm is selected from isotropism or anisotropic neodymium iron boron, neodymium not higher than 5wt%, the coarse grain powder
At least one of iron nitrogen, samarium iron nitrogen, SmCo, ferrite;
The grain size of the particulate powders is 0.1~15 μm, and the particulate powders are selected from isotropism or anisotropic neodymium
At least one of iron boron, neodymium iron nitrogen, samarium iron nitrogen, SmCo, ferrite;
The organic binder bond is selected from least one of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, acrylic resin;
The fire-resistant lubricants is selected from molybdenum disulfide, zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, lithium stearate, calcium stearate, stearic acid
At least one of magnesium, barium stearate, strontium stearate, odium stearate.
2. high density bonded permanent magnet as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the particulate powders additive amount for 5~
15wt%, particulate powders grain size are 0.2~5 μm.
3. high density bonded permanent magnet as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the additive amount of the organic binder bond is 2.0
~3.0wt%.
4. high density bonded permanent magnet as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the additive amount of the fire-resistant lubricants is
0.2~0.6wt%.
5. high density bonded permanent magnet as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the heatproof temperature of the fire-resistant lubricants is not
Less than 60 DEG C.
A kind of 6. method for preparing the high density bonded permanent magnet as described in Claims 1 to 5 is any, which is characterized in that the side
Method includes the following steps:
1) particulate powders are uniformly blended into coarse grain powder, to obtain mixed-powder;
2) organic binder bond is weighed in proportion, and is completely dissolved in proper amount of acetone, is then proportionally added into the mixing
Powder, agitated, heating make acetone volatilize completely, obtain the magnetic powder of the drying uniformly coated through organic binder bond;
3) fire-resistant lubricants is proportionally added into again, is sufficiently mixed and is uniformly obtained precommpression magnetic powder;
4) the precommpression magnetic powder is put into and 60~160 DEG C of predetermined forming temperature is heated in mold, after temperature reaches, applied
Predetermined shaping pressure applies predetermined vibration pressure, vibration compacting simultaneously;And
5) demoulding obtains high density bonded permanent magnet shaping base, then coats, magnetizes, examines through follow-up conventional curing, light decorations, surface
It surveys, to obtain finished product.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the coarse grain powder is surplus, the particulate powders
Additive amount is 1~25wt%, and the additive amount of the organic binder bond is 0.5~5.0wt%, the addition of the fire-resistant lubricants
It measures as 0.05~1.2wt%;Wherein,
The grain size of the coarse grain powder between 25~250 μm, wherein, ratio of the grain size less than 38 μm is not higher than 5wt%, grain
Ratio of the footpath more than 180 μm is selected from isotropism or anisotropic neodymium iron boron, neodymium not higher than 5wt%, the coarse grain powder
At least one of iron nitrogen, samarium iron nitrogen, SmCo, ferrite;
The grain size of the particulate powders is 0.1~15 μm, and the particulate powders are selected from isotropism or anisotropic neodymium
At least one of iron boron, neodymium iron nitrogen, samarium iron nitrogen, SmCo, ferrite;
The organic binder bond is selected from least one of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, acrylic resin;
The fire-resistant lubricants is selected from molybdenum disulfide, zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, lithium stearate, calcium stearate, stearic acid
At least one of magnesium, barium stearate, strontium stearate, odium stearate.
8. method as claimed in claims 6 or 7, which is characterized in that the precommpression magnetic powder, which is put into mold, to be heated to make a reservation for
80~120 DEG C of temperature.
9. method as claimed in claims 6 or 7, which is characterized in that on mold apply 50~200MPa shaping pressure into
Row compacting, while vibration is imposed to mold, vibration pressure is the 30~200% of shaping pressure, and time of vibration is 1~5s.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the shaping pressure for applying 80~130MPa on mold carries out
Compacting, while vibration is imposed to mold, vibration pressure is the 40~100% of shaping pressure, time of vibration 2s.
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KR102391359B1 (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2022-05-06 | 그리렘 어드밴스드 머티리얼스 캄파니 리미티드 | A Composite Rare Earth Anisotropic Bonded Magnet and a Preparation Method Thereof |
WO2022077150A1 (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2022-04-21 | 昆山磁通新材料科技有限公司 | Magnetic composite material and preparation method therefor, and inductor and manufacturing method therefor |
CN113674921A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-19 | 广州新莱福磁材有限公司 | Preparation method of magnetic-attraction automatic-curling freely-stretching data line |
CN113674921B (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2023-08-22 | 广州新莱福磁材有限公司 | Preparation method of magnetic automatic crimping and free stretching data line |
CN114188140A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-03-15 | 绵阳西磁科技有限公司 | Preparation method of bonded samarium cobalt magnet and vacuum stirring device thereof |
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