CN108069486A - A kind of preparation and application of ternary doping polymer chelating agent and its column clay - Google Patents

A kind of preparation and application of ternary doping polymer chelating agent and its column clay Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108069486A
CN108069486A CN201611013934.4A CN201611013934A CN108069486A CN 108069486 A CN108069486 A CN 108069486A CN 201611013934 A CN201611013934 A CN 201611013934A CN 108069486 A CN108069486 A CN 108069486A
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clay
zinc
magnesium
aluminium
column
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张敬红
王淑勤
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North China Electric Power University
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North China Electric Power University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/288Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5236Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)

Abstract

The preparation and application of a kind of ternary doping polymer chelating agent and its column clay belong to material preparation, the wastewater treating technology field containing heavy metal.The invention discloses the preparation methods of a kind of ternary doping inorganic polymer heavy metals trapping flocculant and its column clay.This method is using aluminium, magnesium, zinc salt as raw material, optimum organization, and three kinds of salts are placed in certain concentration and ratio in conical flask, adjust suitable basicity, controlling reaction temperature, time stir polymerization under the certain rotating speed of magnetic stirring apparatus, ternary doping inorganic polymer flocculant are obtained after curing.In order to improve the efficiency of inorganic flocculating agent removing heavy metals, using the zinc-magnesium aluminium flocculating agent prepared at optimum conditions as column-supporting agent, pillared purification clay obtains zinc-magnesium aluminium column clay.Desulfurization wastewater is handled with it, dosage is few, good to the removal effect of heavy metal, and reaction adsorption time is short, good separation.Illustrate that it is not only a kind of excellent heavy metal chelating agent and a kind of efficient flocculant.

Description

A kind of preparation and application of ternary doping polymer chelating agent and its column clay
Technical field:
Wastewater treating technology field the invention belongs to material preparation, containing heavy metal, be specially a kind of ternary doping without The preparation and application of machine macromolecule heavy metal trapping flocculant and its column clay.
Background technology
Based on inorganic polymer flocculant, with inorganic height of the means physically or chemically by two kinds or more than two kinds Prepared by molecular flocculant synthesizes a kind of inorganic-inorganic composite macromolecular flocculant.Aluminium salt and molysite and their polymer are ratios More traditional inorganic polymer flocculant, in addition, people have also synthesized the high score such as polyacrylamide and its derivative Sub- flocculant, these have been widely used in terms of water process.In order to change, single flocculant usage is big, flocculating effect The shortcomings of poor, for many scholars with chemical means combination polyaluminium salts, molysite and silicate, that has studied at present has polymerization silicon Sour aluminium chloride ferrum, aluminum chlorate of polymerized silicic acid, polyferric silicate sulfate, polysilicon acid polyferric sulfate, Polymeric Ferric Ferric Chloride, polymeric silicicacid sulphur Sour ferro-aluminum[36-37]Deng.These compound inorganic high molecular flocculants are subtracted for single flocculant in dosage Few, flocculation ability is promoted.Experimental study the result shows that, during waste water is handled, composite macromolecular flocculant is de- It is showed on color and turbidity removal good.
By these researchs it can be found that inorganic-inorganic composite flocculation agent is in rapid development and has had many Achievement in research.But sulfur content can be caused excessive when using molysite, cause the bad processing of sewage, therefore the scope of application is not Extensively.Since chlorion is not hydrated in aluminium salt, polymer can be penetrated, can vivaciously make very much colloidal solid unstable, it is caused to add Amount is very big.Therefore, inorganic composite flocculant still remains many problems in the processing effect of waste water, flocculated speed etc..
And when handling heat-engine plant desulfurized waste water, existing flocculant dosage is larger, and need to strictly control alkaline ph values, Water outlet salt content is still bigger, some metal ions cannot still reach water outlet requirement, and workload and cost are all higher.Therefore need New flocculant is studied to handle desulfurization wastewater, makes that under smaller, the wider pH of dosage desulfurization wastewater can be removed simultaneously In suspended matter and heavy metal ion.
The content of the invention
In view of above present situation, this research selection prepares a kind of inorganic height of ternary doping of the suitable heat-engine plant desulfurized waste water of processing Molecule traps flocculant, while has trap heavy metals ion and flocculating function.Using aluminium, magnesium, zinc salt as raw material, optimum organization, Three kinds of salts are placed in certain concentration and ratio in conical flask, adjust suitable basicity, controlling reaction temperature, time, Polymerization is stirred under the certain rotating speed of magnetic stirring apparatus, inorganic coagulant is obtained after curing.In order to improve inorganic coagulant except a huge sum of money The efficiency of category, using the zinc-magnesium aluminium coagulant prepared at optimum conditions as column-supporting agent, pillared purification clay.
The present invention prepares zinc-magnesium aluminium trapping agent and its column clay in accordance with the following steps:
(1) a certain proportion of zinc chloride, aluminum sulfate solution, magnesium chloride solution are pipetted respectively with pipette, is slowly dropped into dry In dry conical flask, magnetic rotor is put into conical flask, conical flask is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus, is slowly dripped with buret Add aqueous slkali, 12h, synthesizing inorganic macromolecule flocculant are stirred after dripping off.
(2) clay purifies:A certain amount of clay is weighed, dispersant is added in, is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus and stirs, Zhi Houjing It puts.Top suspension is extracted, is centrifuged.Clay after centrifugation is put into baking oven and is dried, is obtained after being ground The clay powders of high-purity.
(3) weigh a certain amount of clay and be configured to clay slurry, control the temperature of water-bath, make the matter of pillared ion and clay Amount than fix, dropwise to stirring land clay slurry in add in zinc-magnesium aluminium column-supporting agent.Keep temperature-resistant, after dripping or else Above-mentioned mixing liquid, is then placed in water-bath and is aged by disconnected stirring.It dries, grinds after clay centrifugation after ageing.It will drying Clay afterwards is put into crucible, is calcined in Muffle furnace, and zinc-magnesium aluminium column clay is made.
Waste water is handled with the zinc-magnesium aluminium column clay of preparation, is found reachable to the removal efficiency of copper ion and chromium ion 98.4% and 71.2%, absorption is substantially up to saturation when reacting adsorption time 30min.After the sedimentation of 4h, addition column-supporting agent gives up The turbidity of water is up to 5.2NTU, good separation.Illustrate the zinc-magnesium aluminium trapping agent and its column clay prepared in the present invention, no Only it is a kind of heavy metal chelating agent and a kind of flocculant.
Further, zinc-aluminium ratio is 0~3: 1~5 in step (1), and magnesium is 0.1~1.5: 1 with zinc-aluminium ratio;
Further, the aqueous slkali being added dropwise in step (1) is one kind in sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide;
Further, the dripping quantity of aqueous slkali reaches 1.6~2.4 for basicity in step (1);
Further, it is different according to the dosage of zinc in step (1), it can be made into one kind in zinc-magnesium aluminium and magnalium flocculant.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing 1 is the BET adsorption isotherm of the zinc-magnesium aluminium column clay prepared in embodiment two.
Attached drawing 2 is the BET adsorption isotherm of the magnalium column clay prepared in embodiment two.
Attached drawing 3 is the BET adsorption isotherm of the purification soil used in embodiment two.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiments and the drawings, the present invention will be further described, present disclosure can be made to become more To be clear and be readily appreciated that, but it is not construed as limiting the claims.The person skilled in the art in the field is according to above-mentioned hair Some nonessential modifications and adaptations that bright content is the present invention cannot all depart from the protection category of the present invention.
Specific embodiment one:The present invention show that following optimal conditions prepares zinc-magnesium aluminium inorganic polymer according to experimental result Flocculant:
Configuration concentration is the aluminum sulfate solution of 0.5mol/L, and concentration is the liquor zinci chloridi of 1.0mol/L, and concentration is The magnesium chloride solution of 1.5mol/L is 3: 5 according to zinc-aluminium ratio, and the ratio of magnesium and zinc-aluminium is 0.3: 1 ratio, is moved respectively with pipette Zinc chloride, aluminum sulfate solution, magnesium chloride solution is taken to be slowly dropped into dry conical flask, magnetic rotor is put into conical flask, Conical flask is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus, aqueous slkali is slowly added dropwise with buret makes basicity be 2.0, and 12h is stirred after dripping off, Zinc-magnesium aluminium flocculating agent is made.
Specific embodiment two:The present invention prepares zinc-magnesium aluminium column clay in accordance with the following steps:
1. clay purifies
The clay that 50g crosses 200 mesh sieves is weighed, the inclined sodium dispersant of six phosphoric acid of 150mL0.2% is added in, is placed on magnetic agitation Be vigorously stirred on device 1 it is small when, afterwards stand 1 it is small when.Top suspension is extracted, is centrifuged under 4000r/min rotating speeds 10min.Clay after centrifugation is put into baking oven, is dried at 70 DEG C, the clay powders of high-purity are obtained after being ground.
2. the preparation of zinc-magnesium aluminium column-supporting agent
Zinc-magnesium aluminium column-supporting agent is prepared according to specific embodiment one.
3. the preparation of zinc-magnesium aluminium column clay
Native excessive concentration can increase pillared difficulty, therefore, weigh the clay slurry that 6.0g clays are configured to 3%, control The temperature of water-bath is at 60 DEG C, and it is 8: 100 to make the mass ratio of pillared ion and clay, dropwise in stirring lands clay slurry Add in zinc-magnesium aluminium column-supporting agent.It keeps temperature-resistant, is stirred continuously 2h after dripping again, above-mentioned mixing liquid is then placed on 60 DEG C Water-bath in be aged for 24 hours.Clay centrifugation after ageing is after 75 DEG C of drying, grinding.Clay after drying is put into crucible, 500 DEG C of calcining 2h are warming up in Muffle furnace, column clay is made.
Specific embodiment three:The magnalium column clay and zinc-magnesium aluminium column clay prepared in specific embodiment two is done BET characterizations, such as attached drawing and table 1.
The different column clay BET analyses of table 1
Adsorption isotherm variation it can be seen from attached drawing and table 1 after polyion column is obvious.River before pillared The specific surface area of northern clay is 15.69m2/ g increases to 21.68m with the pillared rear specific surface area of the inorganic ion of binary2/ g, warp Specific surface area after zinc-magnesium aluminium is pillared increases to 36.41m2/g.Illustrate that binary and ternary inorganic ion can increase by pillared The specific surface area of big clay, but since the inorganic ion species contained in ternary flocculant is more, activity is strong, it can bigger journey The interlamellar spacing of degree ground increase clay, makes hole more.Clay is more uniform into its pore-size distribution after pillared, has than pillared front aperture It is reduced, is respectively less than 7nm, the clay after this explanation is pillared forms more homogeneous interlayer structure in its interlayer.This demonstrate that Clay its interlayer structure after pillared changes, and the adsorption capacity of Cu (II) is greatly improved, and zinc-magnesium aluminium is pillared viscous The performance of soil is better than magnalium column clay.
Specific embodiment four:Optimal preparation condition determines in specific embodiment one
1. zinc-aluminium than determine:
When preparing coagulant, zinc-aluminium molar ratio in change, control other amounts are constant, and the ratio of magnesium and zinc-aluminium chooses 0.3: 1, alkali Change degree chooses 2.0, and aluminum sulfate solution, magnesium chloride solution, liquor zinci chloridi, concentration of sodium hydroxide solution select 0.5mol/L.With Pipette pipettes a certain amount of zinc chloride, aluminum sulfate solution, magnesium chloride solution and is slowly dropped into dry conical flask respectively, in taper Magnetic rotor is put into bottle, conical flask is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus, NaOH solution is slowly added dropwise with acid buret, drips off After stir 12h.Experimental result such as table 2.
2 zinc-aluminium of table compares the influence of inorganic coagulant removal hexavalent chromium
Change zinc-aluminium as can be seen from Table 2 and compare being affected for inorganic coagulant removal hexavalent chromium, work as zinc-aluminium When mole choosing 1: 4,1: 2,3: 5,2: 1 respectively, effect is best when zinc-aluminium ratio is 3: 5, except chromium effect is up to 48.2%, therefore really Zinc-aluminium molar ratio is determined for 3: 5.
2. magnesium determines
The ratio of magnesium and zinc-aluminium chooses 0.1: 1,0.3: 1,0.5: 1,0.7: 1,0.9: 1,1.5: 1 respectively in coagulant, control Other amounts are constant, i.e., zinc-aluminium is than choosing 3: 5, and basicity chooses 2.0, aluminum sulfate solution, magnesium chloride solution, liquor zinci chloridi, hydrogen Sodium hydroxide solution concentration selects 0.5mol/L.Experimental result such as table 3.
Influence of the 3 magnesium salts additive amount of table to inorganic coagulant removal hexavalent chromium
As can be seen that as molar ratio Mg: during (Zn+Al)=0.3: 1, coagulant is to the removal efficiency highest of Cr VI.
3. basicity determines
For zinc-aluminium than choosing 3: 5, the ratio of magnesium and zinc-aluminium chooses 0.3: 1, aluminum sulfate solution, magnesium chloride solution, liquor zinci chloridi, Concentration of sodium hydroxide solution selects 0.5mol/L.Experimental result such as table 4.
Influence of 4 basicity of table to inorganic coagulant removal hexavalent chromium
As can be seen that when basicity is from during 1.6 increase to 2.0, coagulation effect increases with the increase of basicity Greatly, coagulation effect when but basicity increases to 2.2,2.4 is instead compared with 2.0 time differences.This may be because the inorganic coagulant is A kind of coagulant based on zinc-magnesium aluminium salt, when alkalization angle value is too low, cationic coagulant charge neutrality reduced capability in water, so as to drop Low coagulation effect;With the increase of alkalization angle value, Zn (II), Mg (II), Al (III) hydrolyze to form many hydroxyl complex ions, this A little ions have the ability of charge neutrality and adsorption bridging, and energy adsorbent particles make particle take off steady precipitation with compression double electric layer.Work as basicity When being worth excessively high, coagulant easily hydrolyzes, and coagulation effect is relatively low.Therefore, the optimal basicity for synthesizing the coagulant is 2.0.
4. the concentration of each metal salt determines in coagulant:
The concentration selection 0.05 of aluminum sulfate solution, 0.25,0.5mol/L, the concentration of liquor zinci chloridi are chosen in coagulant 0.5th, 1.0,1.5mol/L, the concentration of magnesium chloride solution chooses 0.5,1.5,3.0mol/L.In order to simplify experimentation, for dense Degree determines that we use orthogonal experiment, as shown in table 5.Control other amounts constant, i.e., zinc-aluminium is than selection 3: 5, magnesium and zinc-aluminium Ratio choose 0.3: 1, basicity chooses 2.4, and sodium hydroxide solution chooses 0.5mol/L.Orthogonal experiments are shown in Table 6.
5 orthogonal test table of table
It can be seen that best results when aluminum sulfate solution concentration chooses 0.5mol/L, and liquor zinci chloridi and magnesium chloride solution Optium concentration be 1.0mol/L and 3.0mol/L respectively.
6 Orthogonal experiment results of table
Specific embodiment five:In specific embodiment one, the ratio for changing zinc is 0, then can prepare binary and mix Miscellaneous magnalium flocculant.Used in specific embodiment two under identical experiment condition, with magnalium coagulant obtained and As column-supporting agent, column clay is prepared using the Hebei Hengshui soil of purification as carrier for zinc-magnesium aluminium coagulant.To the Cu of 25mg/L2+ It is removed, as a result such as table 7.
7 column-supporting agent difference of table is to Cu2+The influence of removal rate
As can be seen that under identical dosage, zinc-magnesium aluminium column clay is to the Cu of 25mg/L2+Removal rate it is reachable 92.7%, magnalium column clay copper removal efficiency is only 72.4%.The efficiency of ternary ionic column clay is more pillared than binary ion viscous The efficiency of soil wants high by 20% or so.Illustrate to use ternary column clay layer structure, can significantly increase the specific surface area of clay, it is pillared Increase clay hole, Adsorption of Cu2+Effect it is good.
Specific embodiment six:In specific embodiment two, the separating property to the zinc-magnesium aluminium column clay prepared It is studied.Zinc-magnesium aluminium column clay is added separately in the divalent copper solution of 200mL 25mg/L, therebetween magnetic agitation 0.5h is stood afterwards.A water sample is extracted at regular intervals, measures its turbidity, numerical value is bigger, illustrates that solution is more muddy, urges Agent settling property is poorer, and the results are shown in Table 8:
8 column clay settling property of table
As can be seen from the above table, the settling property of column clay is good, adds in the solution of pillared rear clay when standing 4 is small Its turbidity reaches 5.2NTU afterwards, and close to deionized water, settling property is excellent.In this experiment the turbidity of solution mainly with institute in water Add substance related, zinc-magnesium aluminium column clay settling property is good, the problem of previous clay relatively is difficult to separate with water is improved, in reality Commercial Application in have more wide prospect.
Specific embodiment seven:Zinc-magnesium aluminium flocculating agent and zinc-magnesium aluminium column in specific embodiment one and specific embodiment two Support the comparison of clay.
With no pillared zinc-magnesium aluminium polymeric flocculant, zinc-magnesium aluminium column clay respectively under its optimum condition to 3mg/L Cr6+It is handled.After finding flocculant column clay after experiment, except Cr6+Efficiency can promote 22.3%.It is added after pillared Amount greatly reduces, and has saved cost.Cr is removed flocculant is used alone6+When, flocculant is difficult to be completely separated from the water, but passes through table 7 as can be seen that when column clay handles heavy metal wastewater thereby, and turbidity is very small after settling 4h, is easily separated with water.In short, zinc-magnesium Aluminium flocculating agent has the advantages that the ability for capturing heavy metal enhances, dosage is reduced, is easily separated from water after column clay.
Specific embodiment eight:With Cu in the zinc-magnesium aluminium column clay processing desulfurization wastewater prepared in concrete mode two2+With Cr6+, the removal rate of bivalent cupric ion can reach 92.7% in waste water when dosage is 4.0g/L;When dosage is 9.0g/L When, to the removal effect of chromium ion up to 71.2%.Adsorption time 30min can basically reach saturation.In the mistake of removing heavy metals Cheng Zhong, column clay are easily separated from water, and are had broad application prospects.

Claims (6)

1. the present invention prepares ternary doping inorganic polymer heavy metals trapping flocculant and its column clay, which is characterized in that bag Include following steps:
(1) a certain proportion of zinc chloride, aluminum sulfate solution, magnesium chloride solution are pipetted respectively with pipette, is slowly dropped into dry In conical flask, magnetic rotor is put into conical flask, conical flask is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus, alkali is slowly added dropwise with buret Solution stirs 12h, synthesizing inorganic macromolecule flocculant after dripping off.
(2) clay purifies:A certain amount of clay is weighed, dispersant is added in, is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus and stirs, stand afterwards.It carries Top suspension is taken, is centrifuged.Clay after centrifugation is put into baking oven and is dried, high-purity is obtained after being ground Clay powders.
(3) weigh a certain amount of clay and be configured to clay slurry, control the temperature of water-bath, make the mass ratio of pillared ion and clay It is fixed, dropwise to stirring land clay slurry in add in zinc-magnesium aluminium column-supporting agent.It keeps temperature-resistant, is constantly stirred again after dripping It mixes, then above-mentioned mixing liquid is placed in water-bath and is aged.It dries, grinds after clay centrifugation after ageing.After drying Clay is put into crucible, is calcined in Muffle furnace, and zinc-magnesium aluminium column clay is made.
2. the preparation method is required according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lye of dropwise addition is sodium hydroxide and hydroxide One kind of calcium.
3. the preparation method is required according to claim 1, which is characterized in that zinc-aluminium ratio is 0~3: 1~5, magnesium and zinc-aluminium ratio For 0.1~1.5: 1;The dripping quantity of aqueous slkali reaches 1.6~2.4 for basicity.
4. the preparation method is required according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is different according to the dosage of zinc, it can be made into zinc-magnesium One kind in aluminium and magnalium flocculant.
5. the preparation method being required according to claim 1, which is characterized in that aluminum sulfate solution concentration is 0.5mol/L, and Liquor zinci chloridi concentration is 1.0mol/L, when the concentration of magnesium chloride solution is 3.0mol/L, best results.
6. the preparation method is required according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the zinc-magnesium aluminium flocculating agent and zinc-magnesium that can be prepared Aluminium two kinds of medicaments of pillared clay, the wherein pillared clay of zinc-magnesium aluminium are relatively good to the removal of heavy metal ion and separating effect.
CN201611013934.4A 2016-11-18 2016-11-18 A kind of preparation and application of ternary doping polymer chelating agent and its column clay Pending CN108069486A (en)

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