CN108062141A - Photovoltaic system control device and method - Google Patents
Photovoltaic system control device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108062141A CN108062141A CN201711176633.8A CN201711176633A CN108062141A CN 108062141 A CN108062141 A CN 108062141A CN 201711176633 A CN201711176633 A CN 201711176633A CN 108062141 A CN108062141 A CN 108062141A
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- photovoltaic array
- photovoltaic
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- array
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of photovoltaic system control device and method, photovoltaic system includes photovoltaic array and the load being connected with photovoltaic array, which includes：Generator is connected with photovoltaic array, and for gathering the voltage and current of photovoltaic array, and the equivalent internal resistance for obtaining according to the voltage and current of photovoltaic array photovoltaic array resists and the deviation and deviation variation rate of load impedance；Controller, controller are connected with generator, to resist in the equivalent internal resistance for receiving photovoltaic array and when the deviation and deviation variation rate of load impedance, generate a control signal；Converter, converter are connected respectively with photovoltaic array, load and controller, for receive controller transmission control signal after, adjustment photovoltaic array to load output power with realize photovoltaic array to load Maximum Power Output.The present invention can avoid influencing caused by hot spot effect, and then also realize fast and accurately optimizing when local shades occurs in photovoltaic array and local shades move.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to photovoltaic energy technical field, more particularly to a kind of photovoltaic system control device and method.
Background technology
Photovoltaic battery panel on roof in use, due to the influence of cloud mass in sky or because is cleared up too late
When so that leaf, birds, house refuse etc. are different degrees of to photovoltaic battery panel generation to block, formation local shades, and by
In the uncontrollability of external environment, local shades can also change, and local shades can cause photovoltaic curve of output that multimodal is presented
Value.Moreover, photovoltaic system can not find global maximum power point or local shades in time can generate hot spot effect so that light
The rise of solar panel local temperature is lied prostrate, temperature is excessively high, damages photovoltaic battery panel.
Current solution method is broadly divided into traditional and intelligence algorithm both direction.Traditional algorithm includes fixed electricity
Platen press, perturbation observation method, conductance increment method etc., but global maximum power point cannot be found in time, when local shades are in variation,
The difficulty of tracking further increases.The algorithm of intelligence includes genetic algorithm, neural network algorithm, particle cluster algorithm etc., although energy
Superior performance is enough shown, but intelligent algorithm does not have theoretical foundation, the setting of parameter depends on the experience of expert, and right
Hardware it is more demanding.
The content of the invention
It is contemplated that one of the technical issues of solving at least to a certain extent in above-mentioned correlation technique.
For this purpose, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of photovoltaic system control devices.The photovoltaic system control device
It can avoid influencing caused by hot spot effect, Jin Erye when local shades occurs in photovoltaic array and local shades move
Realize fast and accurately optimizing.
It is another object of the present invention to propose a kind of photovoltaic system control method.
To achieve these goals, an aspect of of the present present invention discloses a kind of photovoltaic system control device, the photovoltaic system
System includes photovoltaic array and the load being connected with the photovoltaic array, including：Generator, the generator and photovoltaic array phase
Even, for gathering the voltage and current of the photovoltaic array, and institute is obtained according to the voltage and current of the photovoltaic array
The equivalent internal resistance for stating photovoltaic array resists and the deviation and deviation variation rate of load impedance；Controller, the controller and the hair
Raw device is connected, to resist in the equivalent internal resistance for receiving the photovoltaic array and the deviation and change of error of the load impedance
During rate, a control signal is generated；Converter, the converter are connected respectively with the photovoltaic array, load and controller, use
In after the control signal for receiving the controller transmission, the photovoltaic array is adjusted to the power of load output to realize
Photovoltaic array is stated to the load Maximum Power Output.
Photovoltaic system control device according to the present invention, the equivalent internal resistance of the photovoltaic array collected by generator resist with
When the deviation and deviation variation rate of load impedance, controller generates a control signal, and is adjusted by control signal converter
Photovoltaic array to load output power with realize photovoltaic array to load Maximum Power Output, can so go out in photovoltaic array
When existing local shades and local shades movement, avoid influencing caused by hot spot effect, and then also realize and fast and accurately seek
It is excellent.
In addition, photovoltaic system control device according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technology spy
Sign：
Further, the converter includes：Inductance, one end of the inductance are connected with the photovoltaic array, the electricity
The other end of sense is connected with the load；Control switch, the first end of the control switch are connected with the other end of the inductance,
The second end of the control switch is connected with the photovoltaic array, and the control terminal of the control switch is connected with the controller,
The controller control is described to control switch-off to adjust output power of the photovoltaic array to load.
Further, the converter further includes：First filter, one end of the first filter and the photovoltaic battle array
Row are connected, and the other end of the first filter is connected with the other end of the control switch；The second filter, described
One end of two wave filters is connected with the other end of the inductance, and the other end of the second filter is another with the control switch
One end is connected；Diode, the anode of the diode are connected with the other end of the inductance, the cathode of the diode with it is described
One end of second filter is connected.
Further, the control switch includes：Triode or mos pipes.
Further, the control signal is pwm pulse signal.
Another aspect of the present invention discloses a kind of photovoltaic system control method, including：Gather photovoltaic array voltage and
Electric current；The deviation that the equivalent internal resistance of the photovoltaic array resists and load is obtained according to the voltage and current of the photovoltaic array
And deviation variation rate；Resisted according to the equivalent internal resistance of the photovoltaic array and the deviation and deviation variation rate of the load, production
A raw control signal；After the control signal is received, the photovoltaic array is adjusted to the power of load output to realize
The photovoltaic array is to the load Maximum Power Output.
Photovoltaic system control method according to the present invention is resisted by the equivalent internal resistance of the photovoltaic array collected and is hindered with loading
When anti-deviation and deviation variation rate, a control signal is generated, and photovoltaic array is adjusted by control signal and is exported to load
Power to realize photovoltaic array to load Maximum Power Output, so local shades and local can occur in photovoltaic array
When shade moves, avoid influencing caused by hot spot effect, and then also realize fast and accurately optimizing.
In addition, photovoltaic system control method according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technology spy
Sign：
Further, resisted according to the equivalent internal resistance of the photovoltaic array and the deviation and change of error of the load
Rate generates a control signal by Fuzzy processing.
Further, the control signal is pwm pulse signal.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
It obtains substantially or is recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Description of the drawings
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will become in the description from combination accompanying drawings below to embodiment
Substantially and it is readily appreciated that, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of photovoltaic system control device according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of photovoltaic system control device in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the fundamental diagram of photovoltaic system control device according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of photovoltaic system control method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label represents same or similar element or has the function of same or like element.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, and is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
Photovoltaic system control device and method according to embodiments of the present invention is described below in conjunction with attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of photovoltaic system control device according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, photovoltaic system control device 100 according to an embodiment of the invention, including：Generator 110, control
Device 120 and converter 130 processed.
Before photovoltaic system control device 100 is introduced, understanding photovoltaic system first includes photovoltaic array 200 and and photovoltaic
The connected load 300 of array 200.
Wherein, generator 110 is connected with photovoltaic array 200, for gathering the voltage and current of photovoltaic array 200, and root
The equivalent internal resistance that photovoltaic array 200 is obtained according to the voltage and current of photovoltaic array 200 resists and the deviation of load impedance and deviation become
Rate.Controller 120 is connected with generator 110, inclined with load impedance to resist in the equivalent internal resistance for receiving photovoltaic array 200
When difference and deviation variation rate, a control signal is generated.Converter 130 respectively with photovoltaic array 200, load 300 and controller
Be connected, for receive controller 120 transmission control signal after, adjustment photovoltaic array 200 to load output power with
Realize photovoltaic array 200 to loading 300 Maximum Power Outputs.
Photovoltaic system control device according to the present invention, the equivalent internal resistance of the photovoltaic array collected by generator resist with
When the deviation and deviation variation rate of load impedance, controller generates a control signal, and is adjusted by control signal converter
Photovoltaic array to load output power with realize photovoltaic array to load Maximum Power Output, can so go out in photovoltaic array
When existing local shades and local shades movement, avoid influencing caused by hot spot effect, and then also realize and fast and accurately seek
It is excellent.
With reference to shown in Fig. 2, converter 130 includes：Inductance L and control switch K.Wherein, one end of inductance L and photovoltaic array
200 are connected, and the other end of inductance L is connected with load 200.The first end of control switch K is connected with the other end of L inductance, controls
The second end of switch K is connected with photovoltaic array 200, the control terminal of switch is controlled to be connected with controller 120, controller 120 controls
Control switchs the shut-off of K to adjust output power of the photovoltaic array 200 to load.
Specifically, barrier blocks when on photovoltaic array 200, the voltage that photovoltaic array 200 exports can be with
The position for the size that barrier blocks exports different power.For example, when leaf falls on photovoltaic array 200, if there is wind,
Then leaf can move on photovoltaic array 200, then block area on photovoltaic array 200 and position will be different, then will
Export different power.The variation of unexpected power in order to prevent sets inductance L in variator 130, can prevent in circuit
The unexpected increase or reduction of electric current, arrive circuit can protect.
In addition, with reference to shown in Fig. 2, it is in parallel with photovoltaic array 200 for the control switch K in converter 130.Controller
120 can make control switch K shut-offs by control, and when control switch K is closed, the electric current that photovoltaic array 200 exports can pass through
Control switch K is directly returned in photovoltaic array 200 and without overload 300, because photovoltaic array 200 is with controlling switch K
Parallel connection, photovoltaic array 200 with load also for parallel relationship, so, if control switch K is closed, photovoltaic array 200 can be from
Control switch K directly flows back, and thus controller 120 can control control switch K to be closed when power is small, then, and power
Control control switch K is disconnected when big, then the output power of photovoltaic array 200 will flow to load 300, so pass through control
The filtration of K is switched, all power of output for realizing photovoltaic array 200 to load 300 are all maximum.
Further, in conjunction with shown in Fig. 2, converter 130 further includes：First filter C1, the one of first filter C1
End is connected with photovoltaic array 200, and the other end of first filter C2 is connected with the other end of control switch K.Second filter C2,
One end of second filter C2 is connected with the other end of inductance L, the other end of the other end and control switch K of second filter C2
It is connected.The anode of diode D, diode D are connected with the other end of inductance L, the cathode of diode D and the one of second filter C2
End is connected.
Specifically, first filter C1 and second filter C2 is the effect of filtering.As an example, with reference to Fig. 2
Shown, first filter C1 is in parallel close to photovoltaic array 200, to filter out the electric current of the output of photovoltaic array 200.Second filter C2
It is in parallel close to load 300, to filter out the electric current into load.
Further, control switch K includes：Triode or mos pipes.
In some embodiments, control signal can be pwm pulse signal.
Specifically, pwm pulse signal, which is that output is a kind of, has duty cycle, and the modulated signal with low and high level.When
When it exports high level, control switch K can be controlled to be closed, when it exports low level, control switch K can be controlled to disconnect.
Similarly, another control mode is that when it exports low level, control switch K can be controlled to disconnect, when it exports high level
When, control switch K can be controlled to be closed.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the operation principle of the photovoltaic system control device 100 of one embodiment of the invention
It is as follows：Due to the presence of local shades, the equivalent internal resistance of photovoltaic battery panel (photovoltaic array 200) is anti-to change, and work as part
When the size of shaded area occurs constantly to change, the internal resistance of photovoltaic battery array is also with constantly changing.Occur
Device 110 constantly samples the voltage U of photovoltaic battery panelpvWith electric current Ipv, the equivalent internal resistance for acquiring photovoltaic array resists and load impedance
Impedance deviation erAnd the change rate Δ e of deviationr, and by deviation erWith the change rate Δ e of deviationrInput controller 120.
By blurring in controller 120, by deviation erWith the change rate Δ e of deviationrIt is fuzzy to turn to deviation ErWith the change rate Δ of deviation
Er.First determine whether the direction Δ E of deviationrDuring ＞ λ, as deviation erWhen larger, big step-length is selected to disturb, after the time, deviation erCompared with
Hour, selection maintains big step-length disturbance, alternatively, as deviation erWhen continuing larger, reversely disturbance is selected.ΔErDuring ＜ λ, work as deviation
erWhen smaller, small step-length is selected to disturb, after the time, deviation erWhen smaller, selection maintains small step-length disturbance, alternatively, as deviation er
When continuing larger, reversely disturbance is selected.Duty cycle D adjustment amounts finally are obtained by defuzzification, control control switch K's is open-minded
With shut-off, and then realize maximum power point output.Wherein, pwm pulse is all existing always that, to a pulse signal, height is electric
Open-minded between usually, low level is just off, and duty cycle D is exactly the ratio that high level accounts for, wherein, duty cycle and photovoltaic array etc.
Effect internal impedance and the relation of load impedance are：
R1=(1-D)2R
R1 represents load impedance, and R represents that the equivalent internal resistance of photovoltaic array resists, can be with fixation when finding maximum power point
Duty cycle control turning on and off for switch, if there is deviation, duty cycle will change according to adjustment amount.This is
One closed loop control process constantly samples, and constantly feeds back, until deviation meets the precision of system setting.
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of photovoltaic system control method according to an embodiment of the invention
As shown in figure 4, the photovoltaic system control method of one embodiment of the invention, including：
S210：Gather the voltage and current of photovoltaic array.
S220：The equivalent internal resistance that photovoltaic array is obtained according to the voltage and current of photovoltaic array resists and the deviation that loads and partially
Poor change rate.
S230：The deviation and deviation variation rate for resisting and loading according to the equivalent internal resistance of photovoltaic array generate a control letter
Number.
In some embodiments, the deviation and deviation variation rate for resisting and loading according to the equivalent internal resistance of photovoltaic array are passed through
Fuzzy processing generates a control signal.
In some embodiments, control signal can be pwm pulse signal.
S240：Upon the reception of control signals, adjust photovoltaic array to load output power with realize photovoltaic array to
Load Maximum Power Output.
Photovoltaic system control method according to the present invention is resisted by the equivalent internal resistance of the photovoltaic array collected and is hindered with loading
When anti-deviation and deviation variation rate, a control signal is generated, and photovoltaic array is adjusted by control signal and is exported to load
Power to realize photovoltaic array to load Maximum Power Output, so local shades and local can occur in photovoltaic array
When shade moves, avoid influencing caused by hot spot effect, and then also realize fast and accurately optimizing.
It should be noted that the specific implementation of the photovoltaic system control method of the embodiment of the present invention is implemented with the present invention
The specific implementation of the photovoltaic system control system of example is similar, specifically refers to the description of photovoltaic system control system part,
In order to reduce redundancy, it is not repeated herein.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are only used for description purpose, and it is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance
Or the implicit quantity for indicating indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or
Implicitly include at least one this feature.In the description of the present invention, " multiple " are meant that at least two, such as two, three
It is a etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected or integral；Can be that machinery connects
It connects or is electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary, can be in two elements
The connection in portion or the interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise restricted clearly.For those of ordinary skill in the art
For, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention can be understood as the case may be.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or the spy for combining the embodiment or example description
Point is contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms is not
It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office
It is combined in an appropriate manner in one or more embodiments or example.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field
Art personnel can tie the different embodiments described in this specification or example and different embodiments or exemplary feature
It closes and combines.
Although the embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is impossible to limitation of the present invention is interpreted as, those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, changes, replacing and modification.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of photovoltaic system control device, which is characterized in that the photovoltaic system include photovoltaic array and with the photovoltaic battle array
The connected load of row, including：
Generator, the generator are connected with photovoltaic array, for gathering the voltage and current of the photovoltaic array, and according to institute
The voltage and current for stating photovoltaic array obtains the equivalent internal resistance of the photovoltaic array and resists and the deviation and deviation of load impedance
Change rate；
Controller, the controller are connected with the generator, to resist in the equivalent internal resistance for receiving the photovoltaic array
And when the deviation and deviation variation rate of the load impedance, a control signal is generated；
Converter, the converter are connected respectively with the photovoltaic array, load and controller, for receiving the control
After the control signal that device is sent, the photovoltaic array is adjusted to the power of load output to realize that the photovoltaic array is born to described
Carry Maximum Power Output.
2. photovoltaic system control device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the converter includes：
Inductance, one end of the inductance are connected with the photovoltaic array, and the other end of the inductance is connected with the load；
Control switch, the first end of the control switch are connected with the other end of the inductance, the second end of the control switch
It is connected with the photovoltaic array, the control terminal of the control switch is connected with the controller, and the controller controls the control
Switch-off processed is to adjust output power of the photovoltaic array to load.
3. photovoltaic system control device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the converter further includes：
First filter, one end of the first filter are connected with the photovoltaic array, the other end of the first filter
It is connected with the other end of the control switch；
The second filter, one end of the second filter are connected with the other end of the inductance, the second filter
The other end with it is described control switch the other end be connected；
Diode, the anode of the diode are connected with the other end of the inductance, the cathode of the diode and described second
One end of wave filter is connected.
4. the photovoltaic system control device according to Claims 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the control switch includes：Three poles
Pipe or mos pipes.
5. photovoltaic system control device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the control signal is believed for pwm pulse
Number.
6. a kind of photovoltaic system control method, which is characterized in that including：
Gather the voltage and current of photovoltaic array；
The deviation that the equivalent internal resistance of the photovoltaic array resists and load is obtained according to the voltage and current of the photovoltaic array
And deviation variation rate；
Resisted according to the equivalent internal resistance of the photovoltaic array and the deviation and deviation variation rate of the load, generation one control
Signal；
After the control signal is received, the photovoltaic array is adjusted to the power of load output to realize the photovoltaic array
To the load Maximum Power Output.
7. the photovoltaic system control method according to right wants 6, which is characterized in that according to the described equivalent of the photovoltaic array
Internal impedance and the deviation and deviation variation rate of the load generate a control signal by Fuzzy processing.
8. the photovoltaic system control method according to right wants 6 or 7, which is characterized in that the control signal is believed for pwm pulse
Number.
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| WO2021093421A1 (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2021-05-20 | 中国华能集团有限公司 | Mppt control method based on resistance matching of photovoltaic power generation system |
| WO2023077825A1 (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2023-05-11 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Method for installing maximum power point tracking (mppt) controller, and photovoltaic system |
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