CN108056461B - 一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108056461B CN108056461B CN201711301392.5A CN201711301392A CN108056461B CN 108056461 B CN108056461 B CN 108056461B CN 201711301392 A CN201711301392 A CN 201711301392A CN 108056461 B CN108056461 B CN 108056461B
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Abstract
本发明提供一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片及其制备方法,所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片,由重量百分比40~50%改性黑木耳、20~28%抗性淀粉、6~10%决明子提取物、8~12%茯苓提取物和10~18%黄芪提取物组成,其特点是以黑木耳为主要原料,辅以其它药材和物质成分的科学配伍,食药同源,复合组方,通过各组合成分间的协同作用、互补互促,充分发挥黑木耳的润肠清肠功效,同时从清热利湿、护肝健脾、补中益气的角度对黑木耳的润肠清肠功能进行合理补益,达到综合调理,科学施治的效果,适症人群广泛,它的推广应用将会为便秘患者提供一个辅助治疗手段,解除患者病痛,保障人们健康。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种润肠功能咀嚼片,特别涉及一种以黑木耳为主要原料的润肠功能咀嚼片。
背景技术
黑木耳为我国珍贵的兼有药用和食用价值的胶质真菌,含有大量的蛋白质、糖类、粗纤维和多种维生素等营养物质,具有优良的生理活性和药用价值,在医药和保健领域应用日益广泛。现代社会中,由于人们生活节奏的加快,精神压力增大,饮食结构的改变,膳食纤维摄入量减少,使便秘成为常见多发的病症之一,轻者造成患者大便干结、艰涩不畅,重者可导致人体电解质和酸碱平衡紊乱,引起痔疮、下肢静脉曲张等疾病,更为严重者还可形成体内毒素的沉积,诱发炎症、肿瘤等重大疾病和重大生理功能的改变,对身体健康危害严重。针对便秘症候,传统的治疗方法就是服用泻药,但长期服用泻药易形成药物依赖,还可能引起肠黑变病,损害肠神经***,使结肠的动力减弱,对健康产生极为不利的影响。研究表明,黑木耳中丰富的胶质成分和膳食纤维具有良好的疏气润肺、清涤胃肠、减肥排毒的功效,利用这一功效,人们开发了种类繁多的改善胃肠道功能、润肠通便的黑木耳保健食品,虽各具特点,但这些保健食品都只是基于增加人们对黑木耳的摄食欲望而在口味口感方面进行的改进加工,还没有出现基于组织成分创新的制剂剂型产品的开发,这种黑木耳的单一成分的初级开发方式难以发挥黑木耳润肠通便的强大功效,满足便秘疾症患者的需求。因此,研制开发以黑木耳为主要原料,辅以其它药材和物质成分的科学配伍,合理组方,成本低廉,疗效显著,无任何毒副作用,适用人群广泛的药剂制剂型黑木耳润肠功能保健产品,应用于便秘及相关症候疾病的辅助治疗和日常保健,是当前深度开发和利用黑木耳资源的一个方向性课题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对背景技术反映的问题,提供一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片,食药同源,以黑木耳为主要原料,辅以其它药材和物质成分的科学配伍,复合组方,通过各组合成分间的协同作用、互补互促,充分发挥黑木耳的润肠清肠功效,同时还提供一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片的制备方法。
一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片,由改性黑木耳、抗性淀粉、决明子提取物、茯苓提取物和黄芪提取物组成,各组分成分构成按重量百分比为改性黑木耳40~50%、抗性淀粉20~28%、决明子提取物6~10%、茯苓提取物8~12%和黄芪提取物10~18%。
进一步,所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片,各组分成分构成按重量百分比可优化为改性黑木耳42~46%、抗性淀粉22~26%、决明子提取物8~9%、茯苓提取物9~11%和黄芪提取物12~16%。
所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片各组成成分的功效如下。
黑木耳:黑木耳是一种优质药食兼用真菌,含有丰富的胶原胶质成分,具有优良的生理活性和药用价值,其主要成分及每百克黑木耳的组分含量为:蛋白质10.6克、脂肪1.2克、总纤维72.5克、钙375毫克、磷201毫克,铁185毫克,此外黑木耳中还含有较为丰富的维生素B1、维生素B2、胡萝卜素、烟酸等多种维生素和无机盐、磷脂、植物固醇等,其中的胶原胶质成分具有很强的黏附特性,对人们误食进入消化***的异物具有一定的溶解与氧化作用,能够以胶原胶质物质为载体将肠道残留物排除体外,同时黑木耳中所含的纤维物质是一种天然优质的膳食纤维,在人体消化***中具有增大肠容量、助消化,促进有益菌群增殖的作用,所以所述黑木耳胶原胶质和纤维物质的复合作用,能够起到促进胃肠蠕动,促进肠道异物、沉积物质和脂肪食物的***,减少食物中脂肪及有毒有害物质的吸收,达到润肠通便、调节血脂、调节血糖的功效。
抗性淀粉:抗性淀粉又称抗酶解淀粉或者难消化淀粉,富含优质不可溶性膳食纤维,在小肠中不能被酶解,但在人的肠胃道结肠中可以与挥发性脂肪酸起发酵反应,在肠道内具有易吸油吸水膨胀特性,可使肠内容物体积增大,大便***变松,同时还可促进肠道蠕动,缩短肠内容物通过肠道的时间,减少肠道对有毒物质的潴留和吸收,同时还具有调节菌群环境的作用,促进肠道益生菌生长繁殖,预防肠道疾病,保护身体健康,同时,抗性淀粉在人体内消化缓慢,因此吸收和进入血液都十分缓慢,属糖尿病人健康安全食品。
决明子:味苦、甘、咸,性微寒,入肝、肾、大肠经,具有清热明目,润肠通便等功效,多用于治疗目赤涩痛,羞明多泪,头痛眩晕,目暗不明,大便秘结等症。
茯苓:味甘、淡,性平,入心、肺、脾经,具有渗湿利水,健脾和胃,宁心安神等功效,多由于治疗小便不利,水肿胀满,痰饮咳逆,呕逆,恶阻,泄泻,遗精,淋浊,惊悸,健忘等症。
黄芪:味甘,性微温,入肺、脾、肝、肾经,具有健脾补中,升阳举陷,益卫固表,利尿,托毒生肌等功效,多用于脾气虚弱,补益肺气,气虚自汗,气血亏虚,保肝等症。
所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片的制备方法,由下列步骤组成。
步骤一、制备改性黑木耳粉
取一定量的干燥黑木耳,机械粉碎过30~50目筛,获取黑木耳原料粉备用;
将所述黑木耳原料粉与洁净水以1∶(20~40)的料液质量比进行混合,在60~70℃的温度下持续搅拌60~120分钟,对黑木耳膳食纤维进行纯化,之后进行离心处理,弃去上清液,原料粉渣用洁净水清洗,经真空干燥,加热烘干后,进一步粉碎,过200~300目筛,获取黑木耳细粉备用;
将所述黑木耳细粉与洁净水以1∶(40~60)的料液质量比进行混合,然后按黑木耳混合料液质量1~3%的比例加入活力范围为10000~12000U/g的纤维素酶,对黑木耳细粉中的膳食纤维进行不完全酶解改性,将部分不可溶性膳食纤维转化成可溶性膳食纤维,用以优化调节黑木耳总膳食纤维中可溶性膳食纤维和不可溶性膳食纤维的比例,设定酶解温度40~50℃,酶解时间90~120分钟;
完成酶解改性后,重新调整黑木耳细粉与洁净水的料液质量比,使料液质量比达到1∶(100~120),得到黑木耳细粉料浆,然后对所述黑木耳细粉料浆进行冷冻,经过真空雾化干燥,获取改性黑木耳细粉备用。
步骤二、制备中药提取物
根据所选用中药的特性和所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片的组方功能需要,中药决明子有效成份的提取采用乙醇提取工艺,中药茯苓采用水-乙醇复合提取工艺,中药黄芪采用水提取工艺;
取一定量的中药决明子,经破碎、清洗、干燥后,加70%的乙醇水溶液在80℃的温度下连续提取3次,每次加乙醇水溶液量均为药材的10倍,提取时间每次均为2.0个小时,提取完成后合并各次所获取的提取液,对所述提取液进行回收乙醇处理直至无醇状态,进一步再对所述提取液进行浓缩蒸发处理,获取相对密度为1.2~1.25的浸膏,后续进行喷雾干燥处理,获得决明子提取物,将所述提取物深入粉碎过100目筛备用;
取一定量的中药茯苓,经破碎、清洗、干燥后,加洁净水在沸腾状态下提取3次,加水量分别为药材的10倍、10倍和8倍,提取时间分别为2.0、2.0和1.5小时,提取完成后合并各次提取所获得的提取液备用,然后再加70%的乙醇水溶液进行第四次提取,乙醇水溶液加入量为药材的8倍,加热80℃,提取时间为12个小时,提取完成后对所述提取液进行回收乙醇处理直至无醇状态,将本次获取的提取液与前三次提取所获得的提取液合并,再对合并后的提取液进行浓缩蒸发处理,获取相对密度为1.2~1.25的浸膏,后续进行喷雾干燥处理,获得茯苓提取物,将所述提取物深入粉碎过100目筛备用;
取一定量的中药黄芪,经破碎、清洗、干燥后,加洁净水在沸腾状态下提取3次,加水量分别为药材的10倍、10倍和8倍,提取时间分别为2.0、2.0和1.5小时,提取完成后合并各次提取所获得的提取液,对所述提取液进行浓缩蒸发处理,获取相对密度为1.2~1.25的浸膏,后续进行喷雾干燥处理,获得决明子提取物,将所述提取物深入粉碎过100目筛备用。
步骤三、制备黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片
按照所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片的成分构成按重量百分比,取步骤一制备的所述改性黑木耳细粉、步骤二制备的所述中药决明子提取物粉、茯苓提取物粉和黄芪提取物粉,添加抗性淀粉,以及适量的矫味剂、润滑剂、粘合剂和抗氧化剂,将上述原料充分混合均匀后,进行造粒压片,完成所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片的制备。
所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片的药用机理主要在于充分发挥黑木耳富含的胶原胶质物质,以及黑木耳和抗性淀粉中的优质天然膳食纤维的润肠清肠和调节血脂、血糖的功效,同时通过对黑木耳的酶解改性,从整体上优化总膳食纤维中可溶性膳食纤维和不可溶性膳食纤维的比例,使所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片兼具调节肠道菌群环境,营造益生菌增殖的功能,进一步所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片还通过中药的复合组方,从清热利湿、护肝健脾、补中益气的角度对黑木耳的润肠清肠功能进行合理补益,达到综合调理,科学施治的效果。
为了对所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片中可溶性膳食纤维和不可溶性膳食纤维的比例做进一步调节,在所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片的制备方法中,步骤一中对黑木耳细粉中的膳食纤维进行不完全酶解改性后,可优化增加一次超声波破碎处理,以提高和改善膳食纤维质量,进一步调整可溶性膳食纤维与不可溶性膳食纤维的比例。
进一步,所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片的制备方法,步骤三中所述矫味剂优选为糖尿病安全物质,如木糖醇、山梨醇等,所述抗氧化剂为抗坏血酸,所述润滑剂为硬脂酸镁,所述粘合剂为高浓度乙醇溶液,所述抗性淀粉作为主料成分同时兼有填充剂的作用,以减少辅料的使用量。
本发明的有益效果是,提供一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片及其制备方法,所述黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片以黑木耳为主要原料,辅以其它药材和物质成分的科学配伍,食药同源,复合组方,通过各组合成分间的协同作用、互补互促,充分发挥黑木耳的润肠清肠功效,同时从清热利湿、护肝健脾、补中益气的角度对黑木耳的润肠清肠功能进行合理补益,达到综合调理,科学施治的效果,适症人群广泛,它的推广应用将会为便秘患者提供一个辅助治疗手段,解除患者病痛,保障人们健康。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明技术方案作进一步说明。
实施例一
所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片,各组分构成的重量百分比为改性黑木耳42%、抗性淀粉26%、决明子提取物8%、茯苓提取物10%和黄芪提取物14%。
依照所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片的制备方法对本实施例所述的一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片进行制备,其中,在步骤一中对黑木耳细粉完成酶解改性后,需增加进行一次超声波破碎处理,以进一步对黑木耳细粉中的膳食纤维进行改性,提高和改善所述膳食纤维的质量,调整可溶性膳食纤维和不可溶性膳食纤维的比例,所述超声处理使用超声破碎仪,优选工艺参数设定为频率20千赫兹、功率10瓦、处理时间10分钟;依本实施例方法制备的所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片,其中可溶性膳食纤维与不可溶性膳食纤维的比例为1∶(1.8~2.0)。
将本实施例制备的所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片应用于临床对便秘适应症的辅助治疗,结果表明,与对照组相比,平均治疗疗效可以提高40%;将所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片用作便秘症候人群的保健食品,有效率可达95%以上。
实施例二
所述的一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片,各组分成分构成的重量百分比为改性黑木耳46%、抗性淀粉22%、决明子提取物8%、茯苓提取物8%和黄芪提取物16%。
依照所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片的制备方法对本实施例的一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片进行制备,所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片,其中可溶性膳食纤维与不可溶性膳食纤维的比例为1∶(2.0~2.2)。
将本实施例制备的所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片应用于临床对便秘适应症的辅助治疗,结果表明,与对照组相比,平均治疗疗效可以提高36%;将所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片用作便秘症候人群的保健食品,有效率可达95%以上。
实施例三
所述的一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片,所述各组分成分构成按重量百分数可优化为改性黑木耳46%、抗性淀粉22%、决明子提取物9%、茯苓提取物11%和黄芪提取物12%。
依照所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片的制备方法对本实施例的一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片进行制备,所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片,其中可溶性膳食纤维与不可溶性膳食纤维的比例为1∶(2.0~2.2)。
将本实施例制备的所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片应用于临床对便秘适应症的辅助治疗,结果表明,与对照组相比,平均治疗疗效可以提高31%;将所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片用作便秘症候人群的保健食品,有效率可达95%以上。
Claims (5)
1.一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片,其特征在于:各功能性组分成分构成按重量百分比为改性黑木耳42~46%、抗性淀粉22~26%、决明子提取物8~9%、茯苓提取物9~11%和黄芪提取物12~16%;
其中,所述改性黑木耳采用以下方法制备:干燥黑木耳机械粉碎过30~50目筛,将获取的黑木耳原料粉与洁净水以1︰20~40的料液质量比进行混合,在60~70℃的温度下持续搅拌60~120分钟,之后进行离心处理,弃去上清液,原料粉渣用洁净水清洗,经真空干燥,加热烘干后,进一步粉碎,过200~300目筛,将获取的黑木耳细粉与洁净水以1︰40~60的料液质量比进行混合,然后按黑木耳混合料液质量1~3%的比例加入活力范围为10000~12000U/g的纤维素酶,对黑木耳细粉中的膳食纤维进行不完全酶解改性,设定酶解温度40~50℃,酶解时间90~120分钟,完成酶解改性后重新调整黑木耳细粉与洁净水的料液质量比,使料液质量比达到1︰100~120,得到黑木耳细粉料浆,然后对所述黑木耳细粉料浆进行冷冻,经过真空雾化干燥,获取改性黑木耳细粉。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片,其特征在于:各功能性组分构成的重量百分比为改性黑木耳42%、抗性淀粉26%、决明子提取物8%、茯苓提取物10%和黄芪提取物14%。
3.权利要求1或者2所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片的制备方法,其特征在于,由下列步骤组成:
步骤一、制备改性黑木耳粉
取一定量的干燥黑木耳,机械粉碎过30~50目筛,获取黑木耳原料粉备用;
将所述黑木耳原料粉与洁净水以1︰20~40的料液质量比进行混合,在60~70℃的温度下持续搅拌60~120分钟,之后进行离心处理,弃去上清液,原料粉渣用洁净水清洗,经真空干燥,加热烘干后,进一步粉碎,过200~300目筛,获取黑木耳细粉备用;
将所述黑木耳细粉与洁净水以1︰40~60的料液质量比进行混合,然后按黑木耳混合料液质量1~3%的比例加入活力范围为10000~12000U/g的纤维素酶,对黑木耳细粉中的膳食纤维进行不完全酶解改性,设定酶解温度40~50℃,酶解时间90~120分钟;
完成酶解改性后,重新调整黑木耳细粉与洁净水的料液质量比,使料液质量比达到1︰100~120,得到黑木耳细粉料浆,然后对所述黑木耳细粉料浆进行冷冻,经过真空雾化干燥,获取改性黑木耳细粉备用;
步骤二、制备中药提取物
取一定量的中药决明子,经破碎、清洗、干燥后,加70%的乙醇水溶液在80℃的温度下连续提取3次,每次加乙醇水溶液量均为药材的10倍,提取时间每次均为2.0个小时,提取完成后合并各次所获取的提取液,对所述提取液进行回收乙醇处理直至无醇状态,进一步再对所述提取液进行浓缩蒸发处理,获取相对密度为1.2~1.25的浸膏,后续进行喷雾干燥处理,获得决明子提取物,将所述提取物深入粉碎过100目筛备用;
取一定量的中药茯苓,经破碎、清洗、干燥后,加洁净水在沸腾状态下提取3次,加水量分别为药材的10倍、10倍和8倍,提取时间分别为2.0、2.0和1.5小时,提取完成后合并各次提取所获得的提取液备用,然后再加70%的乙醇水溶液进行第四次提取,乙醇水溶液加入量为药材的8倍,加热80℃,提取时间为12个小时,提取完成后对所述提取液进行回收乙醇处理直至无醇状态,将本次获取的提取液与前三次提取所获得的提取液合并,再对合并后的提取液进行浓缩蒸发处理,获取相对密度为1.2~1.25的浸膏,后续进行喷雾干燥处理,获得茯苓提取物,将所述提取物深入粉碎过100目筛备用;
取一定量的中药黄芪,经破碎、清洗、干燥后,加洁净水在沸腾状态下提取3次,加水量分别为药材的10倍、10倍和8倍,提取时间分别为2.0、2.0和1.5小时,提取完成后合并各次提取所获得的提取液,对所述提取液进行浓缩蒸发处理,获取相对密度为1.2~1.25的浸膏,后续进行喷雾干燥处理,获得决明子提取物,将所述提取物深入粉碎过100目筛备用;
步骤三、制备黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片
按照所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片的成分构成按重量百分比,取步骤一制备的所述改性黑木耳细粉、步骤二制备的所述中药决明子提取物粉、茯苓提取物粉和黄芪提取物粉,添加抗性淀粉,以及适量的矫味剂、润滑剂、粘合剂和抗氧化剂,将上述原料充分混合均匀后,进行造粒压片,完成所述一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片的制备。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤一中对黑木耳细粉中的膳食纤维进行不完全酶解改性后,增加进行一次超声波破碎处理,所述超声波破碎处理使用超声破碎仪,使用频率20kHz、功率10W、处理时间10分钟。
5.如权利要求3所述的一种黑木耳润肠功能咀嚼片的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤三中所述矫味剂为木糖醇或者山梨醇,所述抗氧化剂为抗坏血酸,所述润滑剂为硬脂酸镁,所述粘合剂为高浓度乙醇溶液。
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