CN108051304A - Experimental device and experimental method for multifunctional three-dimensional visual structure interface - Google Patents
Experimental device and experimental method for multifunctional three-dimensional visual structure interface Download PDFInfo
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device and an experimental method for a multifunctional three-dimensional visual structure interface, the experimental device comprises a counter-force frame, a multi-medium experimental model is arranged in the counter-force frame, a visual boundary cover is arranged outside the multi-medium experimental model, a flexible loading air bag and a rigid loading flat plate are additionally arranged at the upper end of the multi-medium experimental model, the flexible loading air bag is connected with the rigid loading flat plate, the multi-medium experimental model applies transverse load through a multi-angle transverse loading system, the rigid loading flat plate or the flexible loading air bag applies vertical load through a vertical hydraulic system on the counter-force frame, and measuring sensor components are pre-embedded in the medium, on the surface and on the contact surface of the multi-medium experimental model. The problem that the distribution of internal force and contact surface stress of the traditional structure body is difficult to measure is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to simulating experiment technique fields, are specially a kind of experimental provision at multifunction three-dimensional visual structure interface
And experimental method.
Background technology
In civil engineering, the INTERACTION PROBLEMS of the soil body and structure is frequently run onto.Soil and structure interface mechanical characteristic
Research is always one of the important topic in building and ground field, is the premise for solving Soil-structure interaction model.Due to research
It is related to many aspects of soil mechanics and foundation engineering, so with great difficulty.
Since the effect of contraction for being subject to structure so that soil is different with the general soil body from the mechanical characteristic of the intersection of structure
Region is referred to as soil and the contact surface of structure.Soil during stress deformation, has occurred with structural system between the soil body and structure
Complicated interaction, structure cause the mechanical characteristic of contact surface to be different from other region soil bodys for the effect of contraction of the soil body
Mechanical characteristic, while the mechanical response of contact surface will also result in material impact to the stress deformation of structure.Important Project is to the soil body
It is relatively high, it is necessary to which establishing rational method is calculated analysis and evaluation, with raising with the Deformation control requirement of structural system
The design level of engineering.It is vital to improve to the human-subject test and analog capability of soil and structure interface mechanical characteristic.
The development of the stress deformation mechanism and failure by shear on contact surface is correctly analyzed, and is reasonably calculated, it is right
The safety of structure is vital.Play important role in earth structure just because of contact surface, existing soil with
The contact face mechanical property that structure interface experimental study focuses mostly under two-dimentional loading environment, in Practical Project contact surface by
Carrier strip part is mostly three-dimensional, i.e. the shear stress direction of contact surface constantly changes in shear history, and for coarse-grained soil and compared with
The laboratory facilities of the large-scale three dimensional contact surface in coarse structure face more lack at present.Soil and the main original of the deformation of structure interface
Because of the relative shear being between the soil body and structure.
With deep and heavy construction the construction of research, conventional boxshear apparatus size is a bit less than normal, and loads and measure
Surveying collecting device can not meet the requirements.Although recent domestic scholar is in research of the soil with structure interface mechanical characteristic
Many achievements are achieved, but need further to be studied there are still problems.First, the soil and structure interface carried out in the past
Experiment, is concentrated mainly in the research of clay, sand, coarse-grained soil, and mostly based on static trial, dynamic experiment is more rare.
Secondly, it is current domestic less not deep enough with the research of structure interface to three-dimensional soil, and to being contacted under complicated stress environment
The understanding of the mechanical characteristic of the soil body, tangential normal direction misfortune cooperation use and contact surface Microdestructive mechanism etc. is also inadequate near face
Clearly.Again, for the currently selection of more common various Contact surface element parameters and the influence degree of parameter up for
Further research, while selectable soil is less with structure interface dynamic constitutive model in current value calculating, and soil and knot
Research on Mechanical Properties of the structure contact surface under power effect is also not enough.It is exactly finally should also for the definite of contact face thickness
Further research.
Such as building, the structures in civil engineering, geotechnical engineering, science of bridge building, hydraulic engineering, mineral engineering, upper
Under the interaction of portion's structure, infrastructure and ground, it is necessary to solve structure internal force and contact stress distribution be difficult to measure
Problem.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of prior art, the present invention provides a kind of experiment at multifunction three-dimensional visual structure interface
Devices and methods therefor can be measured in structure and contact surface simultaneously under the conditions of simple static(al) and more complicated dynamic load
On stress-strain distribution law, while border loading has rigidity and flexible two kinds of loadings for different types of Rock And Soil
Mode can effectively solve the problem that the problem of background technology proposes.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of experimental provision at multifunction three-dimensional visual structure interface, including reaction frame, sets in the reaction frame
There is multimedium experimental model, which is characterized in that visual boundary cover is externally provided in multimedium experimental model, in multimedium experimental model
Upper end installs flexible loading air bag and rigidity loading tablet additional, and the flexible loading air bag connection rigidity loading tablet is described more
Medium experimental model applies horizontal load, the rigidity loading tablet or flexible loading gas by multi-angle horizontal loading system
Capsule applies vertical load, media interior, surface in multimedium experimental model by the vertical hydraulic system on reaction frame
And pre-buried measurement sensor component on contact surface.
Further, the lower end of the multimedium experimental model is additionally provided with flexible confined sac, and the flexibility confined sac connects
It is connected to rigid bearing plate.
Further, the visual boundary cover is rigid or flexible material.
Further, the multimedium experimental model includes the superstructure mould being arranged on from top to bottom in visual boundary cover
Type, basic model and foundation model.
Further, the measurement sensor component include being located at medium inner sensor inside multimedium experimental model,
The interface sensor that is arranged on the contact surface of multimedium experimental model and the Surface Mount for being arranged on multimedium experimental model side
Sensing chip.
Further, further include：Changing angle contact surface shear, lateral inclination shearing are interspersed in multimedium experiment
In model, for providing lateral load；
The reaction frame is by upper supporting plate and undersetting and four liftings being connected between upper supporting plate and undersetting
Bar forms.
Further, the mode that the changing angle contact surface shear provides lateral load is to pass through longitudinal load
Application, longitudinal force decomposition unit is divided by cross force according to the inclined angle of changing angle contact surface shear.
In addition the experimental method at multifunction three-dimensional visual structure interface has also been devised in the present invention, includes the following steps：
S100, three kinds of mechanical models are made：Superstructure model, basic model and foundation model；
While S200, making mechanical model, medium inner sensor is set inside mechanical model, in connecing for mechanical model
Interface sensor in contacting surface is set, Surface Mount sensing chip is set in mechanical model side；
S300, the physico-mechanical properties of three kinds of mechanical models is tested, obtains corresponding Static State Index, judge whether
Meet the intensity index of requirement of experiment；
S400, three kinds of mechanical models for meeting intensity index are placed on predeterminated position, by the way of hydraulic pressure or air pressure
It is further applied load simultaneously in vertical direction, horizontal direction or horizontal vertical both direction；
The rank size that S500, adjustment are further applied load, until wherein any one mechanical model destroys；
In the superstructure that S600, the structure medium inner sensor, interface sensor and labeling sensing chip respectively obtain
The relation in portion, the stress distribution law of contact surface and foundation model and ess-strain；And mathematical software is passed through to the data obtained
It is analyzed and processed, obtains the corresponding mechanical index of different stage.
Further, the basic model is shallow foundation model or deep foundation model, and the shallow foundation model is independent
Any one in basis, grillage foundation and mat foundation；The deep foundation model is pile foundation or box foundation；
When the basic model is shallow foundation model, medium inner sensor need to be laid on according to layering in mechanical model, and
And each layer all needs to reach mechanical strength index as defined in experiment；
When the basic model is deep foundation model, medium inner sensor is arranged on inside and the appearance of deep foundation model
Face.
Further, the Surface Mount sensing chip carries out mechanical model displacement after being further applied load by the way of high-speed photography
Real-time testing.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Structure novel of the present invention, can simultaneously it is simple and compared with Complicated Loads under the conditions of, measure in structure and contact surface
On stress-strain distribution law, solve the problems, such as previous structure internal force and contact stress distribution be difficult to measure, together
When loaded by border using rigidity and flexible two kinds of loadings borders, for different types of Rock And Soil, realize iso-stress and add
Strain loadings are carried and wait, by the three parts to structural system under outer load action, the interior stress with interface of measurement structure body
And the regularity of distribution of strain, provide basic data for the foundation and numerical simulation of theoretical model.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is laterally to load schematic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Figure label：
1- reaction frames；2- multimedium experimental models；3- visual boundary covers；The flexible loading air bags of 4-；Rigidly loading is flat by 5-
Plate；The vertical hydraulic systems of 6-；7- flexibility confined sacs；8- rigid bearing plates；9- changing angle contact surface shears；On 10-
Support plate；11- undersettings；12- elevating levers.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other without making creative work
Embodiment belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of experimental provision at multifunction three-dimensional visual structure interface, including counter-force frame
Frame 1 is equipped with multimedium experimental model 2, which is characterized in that be externally provided with visual side in multimedium experimental model 2 in reaction frame 1
Boundary's cover 3, visual boundary cover 3 are rigid or flexible material, and flexible loading air bag is installed additional in 2 upper end of multimedium experimental model
4 connect rigid loading tablet 5 with rigidity loading tablet 5, flexibility loading air bag 4, and it is horizontal that multimedium experimental model 2 passes through multi-angle
Loading system applies horizontal load, and rigidity loads tablet 5 or flexible loading air bag 4 passes through the vertical hydraulic pressure on reaction frame 1
System 6 applies vertical load, the pre-buried measurement sensing on the media interior of multimedium experimental model 2, surface and contact surface
Vertical hydraulic system 6 in device assembly, wherein reaction frame 1 is specially oil cylinder, and the piston rod of oil cylinder passes through the upper of reaction frame 1
End part connects and is further applied load with rigidity loading tablet 5, for rigid load mode so that multimedium experimental model 2 is in equipotential
Shifting condition lower stress can also be pressurizeed by flexibility loading air bag 4 in the form of air pressure, for flexible load mode so that more
Medium experimental model 2 is pressurized under iso-stress.
In above-mentioned, multimedium experimental model 2 refers to the mechanical model for the experiment of physical mechanics vegetables, real in multimedium
The visual boundary cover 3 installed outside model 2 is tested using transparent rigid or flexible material as test border, simulation semi-infinite half-space side
Boundary's condition, by technologies such as high-speed photographies, can measure mechanics in the surface Surface Mount sensor or mark on test border
Continuous modification overall process of the model under by load action, obtains load-deformation curve and intensive parameter index, wherein semo-infinite
Space boundary is the experiment boundary condition simulated by increasing visual exam rigid boundary cover, and wherein visual boundary cover 3 is tool
There is certain deformability, to adapt to the deformation of mechanical model in experimentation.
Multi-angle horizontal loading system is to be applied by the way of hydraulic pressure or air pressure on the side of multimedium experimental model 2
Add the load of different angle, belong to the existing hydraulic pressure of experiment external application or pneumatic compression devices.
The lower end of multimedium experimental model 2 is additionally provided with flexible confined sac 7, and flexible confined sac 7 is connected with rigid bearing plate
8, it can also be further applied load by the flexible loading confined sac of bottom plate of bottom, be fixed, realized up and down by bottom plate rigid bearing plate 8
It is two-way to apply lotus, it is more advantageous to the accuracy of experiment.
Multimedium experimental model 2 includes the superstructure model, the basic model that are arranged on from top to bottom in visual boundary cover 3
And foundation model；Measurement sensor component includes being located at medium inner sensor multimedium experimental model 2 inside, is arranged on be situated between more
Interface sensor on the contact surface of matter experimental model 2 and the Surface Mount sensing chip for being arranged on 2 side of multimedium experimental model.
In the present embodiment：
(1) superstructure：Refer to structure trunk；
(2) it is basic：It is the supporting member below constructure ground, it supports the whole load of its upper part building, and
These loads and basis dead weight are transmitted to following ground.It is basic necessary firm, stable and reliable；
(3) ground：The soil body or rock mass of the load handed down by basis are subject to, building must be built in solid reliable
Ground on.To ensure the firm, stable of ground and preventing accelerated sedimentation or differential settlement, ground should meet following want
It asks：There are enough bearing capacities, there is uniform decrement, to ensure having uniform sinking；It prevents to come down, in terms of inclination
Ability
(4) contact surface：Existing interface between existing interface and basis and ground between superstructure and basis.
In present embodiment, medium inner sensor and interface sensor are strain gauge transducer, and Surface Mount sensing chip is displacement
Sensor or index point can carry out real-time testing by way of high-speed photography to mechanical model displacement after being further applied load.
In the present embodiment contact surface refer to interface between superstructure model and basic model, basic model and
Interface between foundation model.
As shown in Fig. 2, present invention additionally comprises：Changing angle contact surface shear, lateral inclination shearing are interspersed in more
In medium experimental model, for providing lateral load；The reaction frame 1 is by upper supporting plate 10 and undersetting 11 and is connected to
Four elevating levers 12 between upper supporting plate 10 and undersetting 11 form.
In present embodiment, changing angle contact surface shear 9 can be that lateral inclination is interspersed in multimedium experiment
A rigid interface in model, can be specifically an interface shearing plate, and inclined angle is generally 30 to 60 degree, angle
The mode of adjustment is realized by reaction frame, is acted on especially by the oscilaltion of elevating lever 12 and being connect to adjust changing angle
The position and angle of inclination that contacting surface shear 9 is placed.
The mode that changing angle contact surface shear 9 provides lateral load is the application by longitudinal load, according to
Longitudinal force decomposition unit is divided into cross force by 9 inclined angle of changing angle contact surface shear.
Based on the concrete operation method of above-mentioned experimental provision, include the following steps：
Step S100, three kinds of mechanical models are made：Superstructure model, basic model and foundation model；
Step S200, while making mechanical model, medium inner sensor is set inside mechanical model, in mechanical model
Contact surface on interface sensor is set, mechanical model side set Surface Mount sensing chip, Surface Mount sensing chip use high-speed photography
Mode to after being further applied load mechanical model displacement carry out real-time testing；
Step S300, the physico-mechanical properties of three kinds of mechanical models is tested, obtains corresponding Static State Index, judged
Whether the intensity index of requirement of experiment is met；
Step S400, three kinds of mechanical models for meeting intensity index are placed on predeterminated position, using hydraulic pressure or air pressure
Mode is further applied load simultaneously in vertical direction, horizontal direction or horizontal vertical both direction；
Step S500, according to the load rank of experimental design, the size being further applied load is adjusted so that wherein any one power
Until model is learned from elastic stage to destruction；
Step S600, in the superstructure that structure medium inner sensor, interface sensor and labeling sensing chip respectively obtain
The relation in portion, the stress distribution law of contact surface and foundation model and ess-strain；And mathematical software is passed through to the data obtained
It is analyzed and processed, obtains the corresponding mechanical index of different stage.
In the present embodiment, wherein basic model is shallow foundation model or deep foundation model, and shallow foundation model is independent
Any one in basis, grillage foundation and mat foundation；Deep foundation model is pile foundation or box foundation；
And when basic model is shallow foundation model, medium inner sensor need to be laid on according to layering in mechanical model,
And each layer all needs to reach mechanical strength index as defined in experiment；
When basic model is deep foundation model, medium inner sensor is arranged on the inside and outer surface of deep foundation model.
To sum up, the main characteristic of the invention lies in that：Structure novel of the present invention, can be simultaneously simply and compared with Complicated Loads item
Under part, the stress-strain distribution law in structure and on contact surface is measured, solves previous structure internal force and contact surface
Stress distribution is difficult to the problem measured, while is loaded by border using rigidity and flexible two kinds of loadings border, for inhomogeneity
The Rock And Soil of type realizes iso-stress loading and waits strain loadings, by the three parts to structural system under outer load action,
With the stress at interface and the regularity of distribution of strain in measurement structure body, basic number is provided for the foundation of theoretical model and numerical simulation
According to.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned exemplary embodiment, Er Qie
In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit requirement rather than above description limit, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent requirements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.Any reference numeral in claim should not be considered as to the involved claim of limitation.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of experimental provision at multifunction three-dimensional visual structure interface, including reaction frame, is equipped in the reaction frame
Multimedium experimental model, which is characterized in that visual boundary cover is externally provided in multimedium experimental model, on multimedium experimental model
The flexible loading air bag of end installation and rigidity loading tablet, the flexibility loading air bag connection rigidity loading tablet described to be situated between more
Matter experimental model applies horizontal load, the rigidity loading tablet or flexible loading air bag by multi-angle horizontal loading system
Apply vertical load by vertical hydraulic system on reaction frame, the media interior, surface in multimedium experimental model with
And pre-buried measurement sensor component on contact surface.
2. the experimental provision at multifunction three-dimensional visual structure interface according to claim 1, which is characterized in that more Jie
The lower end of matter experimental model is additionally provided with flexible confined sac, and the flexibility confined sac is connected with rigid bearing plate.
3. the experimental provision at multifunction three-dimensional visual structure interface according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described visual
Border cover is rigid or flexible material.
4. the experimental provision at multifunction three-dimensional visual structure interface according to claim 1, which is characterized in that more Jie
Matter experimental model includes the superstructure model, basic model and the foundation model that are arranged on from top to bottom in visual boundary cover.
5. the experimental provision at multifunction three-dimensional visual structure interface according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the measurement
Sensor module includes the contact for being located at medium inner sensor inside multimedium experimental model, being arranged on multimedium experimental model
Interface sensor on face and the Surface Mount sensing chip for being arranged on multimedium experimental model side.
6. the experimental provision at multifunction three-dimensional visual structure interface according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include：
Changing angle contact surface shear, lateral inclination shearing is interspersed in multimedium experimental model, for providing transverse direction
Load；
The reaction frame is by upper supporting plate and undersetting and four lifter groups being connected between upper supporting plate and undersetting
Into.
7. the experimental provision at multifunction three-dimensional visual structure interface according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described variable
The mode for changing angle contact surface shear offer lateral load is the application by longitudinal load, is contacted according to changing angle
Longitudinal force decomposition unit is divided into cross force by the inclined angle of face shear.
8. a kind of experimental method based on experimental provision described in claim 1, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S100, three kinds of mechanical models are made：Superstructure model, basic model and foundation model；
While S200, making mechanical model, medium inner sensor is set inside mechanical model, in the contact surface of mechanical model
Upper setting interface sensor sets Surface Mount sensing chip in mechanical model side；
S300, the physico-mechanical properties of three kinds of mechanical models is tested, obtains corresponding Static State Index, judge whether to meet
The intensity index of requirement of experiment；
S400, three kinds of mechanical models for meeting intensity index are placed on predeterminated position, are being hung down by the way of hydraulic pressure or air pressure
Nogata is further applied load simultaneously to, horizontal direction or horizontal vertical both direction；
The rank size that S500, adjustment are further applied load, until wherein any one mechanical model destroys；
Inside the superstructure that S600, the structure medium inner sensor, interface sensor and labeling sensing chip respectively obtain, connect
The relation of the stress distribution law and ess-strain of contacting surface and foundation model；And the data obtained is carried out by mathematical software
Analyzing and processing, obtains the corresponding mechanical index of different stage.
9. experimental method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the basic model is shallow foundation model or deep foundation
Model, the shallow foundation model are any one in isolated footing, grillage foundation and mat foundation；The deep base
Plinth model is pile foundation or box foundation；
When the basic model is shallow foundation model, medium inner sensor need to be laid on according to layering in mechanical model, and every
One layer all needs to reach mechanical strength index as defined in experiment；
When the basic model is deep foundation model, medium inner sensor is arranged on the inside and outer surface of deep foundation model.
10. experimental method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the Surface Mount sensing chip uses the side of high-speed photography
Formula carries out real-time testing to mechanical model displacement after being further applied load.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109030241A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-18 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | The interlaminar shear strength test device and method of 3D printing concrete component |
| CN110288881A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-09-27 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of modular construction mechanics experiment platform system |
| CN112630038A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-04-09 | 三峡大学 | Device and method for simulating three-dimensional stress accumulation of rock mass |
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| CN112630038A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-04-09 | 三峡大学 | Device and method for simulating three-dimensional stress accumulation of rock mass |
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