CN108047049A - A kind of multi-alkyl cyclopentane lubricant oil composite and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of multi-alkyl cyclopentane lubricant oil composite and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108047049A
CN108047049A CN201711286009.3A CN201711286009A CN108047049A CN 108047049 A CN108047049 A CN 108047049A CN 201711286009 A CN201711286009 A CN 201711286009A CN 108047049 A CN108047049 A CN 108047049A
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pentamethylene
carboxylic acid
lubricant oil
tetrabasic carboxylic
ester
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CN201711286009.3A
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CN108047049B (en
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高平
刘维民
冯大鹏
孙晓军
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Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics LICP of CAS
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Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics LICP of CAS
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C67/00Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
    • C07C67/08Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/86Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
    • C10M129/95Esters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/04Well-defined cycloaliphatic compounds
    • C10M2203/045Well-defined cycloaliphatic compounds used as base material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/282Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/08Resistance to extreme temperature

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of multi-alkyl cyclopentane lubricant oil composites, on the basis of lubricant oil composite gross weight, oil 92 99.8%, additive 0.2 8% based on the mass percentage of component contained by said composition and each component;Base oil is the one or more in positive decyl pentamethylene, n-dodecane cyclopentane and 2 octyldodecyl cyclopentanes;Additive is pentamethylene tetrabasic ester, reacts 2 4h in 120 140 DEG C in the presence of a catalyst by pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid and alcohol, is then made by washing, distillation.The invention also discloses the preparation methods of said composition.Composition of the present invention has excellent bearing capacity, greasy property, high temperature performance, suitable for space mechanism harsh conditions(At a high speed, high/low temperature, high vacuum etc.)Under hydrodynamic lubrication.

Description

A kind of multi-alkyl cyclopentane lubricant oil composite and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multi-alkyl cyclopentane lubricant oil composite and preparation method thereof, multi-alkyl cyclopentane lubrications The lubrication that fluid composition can be used under space mechanism harsh conditions.
Background technology
Multi-alkyl cyclopentane (MACs) has low volatility, high thermal stability and chemical stability, is widely used in The lubrication of space mechanism.The core five-membered ring of MACs makes this kind of compound have high thermal stability and chemical stability.But It is weaker to the adsorption capacity of substrate since such compound belongs to non-polar compound, the easy quilt of boundary lubricant film in friction process It destroys, therefore its extreme pressure property is relatively weak.Following China will give priority to long-life applied satellite, manned space flight and deep space Detection, the raising of spacecraft integrated level, sensing unit and movable part increase, projected life increases.Necessarily to the synthesis of lubricating oil Performance requirement is increasingly harsh.In order to meet the requirement applied under the conditions of special operation condition, appropriate antiwear additive is added in, is incited somebody to action favourable In improvement MACs tribological properties.
Space environmental simulation is it is demonstrated experimentally that conventional additive such as tricresyl phosphate and lead naphthenate can significantly improve MACs Wearability.But lead additive is toxic, and tricresyl phosphate and multi-alkyl cyclopentane compatibility are bad, can be layered after placement.Cause This, develops the new additive agent similar to MACs structures and is undoubtedly the optimal selection for improving its tribological property.
The content of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide the multi-alkyl cyclopentane lubricant oil composite that can be used under high/low temperature, big loading condiction and Its preparation method.
A kind of multi-alkyl cyclopentane lubricant oil composite, it is characterised in that on the basis of lubricant oil composite gross weight, the group Oil 92-99.8%, additive 0.2-8% based on the mass percentage of component and each component contained by conjunction object;The base oil is One or more in positive decyl pentamethylene, n-dodecane cyclopentane and 2- octyl groups-dodecyl pentamethylene;The addition Agent is pentamethylene tetrabasic ester, reacts 2-4h, Ran Houjing in 120-140 DEG C in the presence of a catalyst by pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid and alcohol Cross washing, distillation is made.
The number of the substituent group of the positive decyl pentamethylene is 4;The number of the substituent group of the n-dodecane cyclopentane For 3;The number of the substituent group of the 2- octyl groups-dodecyl pentamethylene is 3.
The pentamethylene tetrabasic ester is pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid Guerbet ester.
The pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid Guerbet ester is selected from pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid 2- butyl octyls ester, pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid 2- Hexyl decyl ester or pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid 2- octyldodecyls.
The molar ratio of the alcohol and pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid is 5:1;The catalyst is [HSO3-pmim ] HSO4 (pmim Represent hydroxypropyl methyl imidazoles), dosage is alcohol and the 1-10 wt% of pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid gross weight.
The preparation method of multi-alkyl cyclopentane lubricant oil composite as described above, it is characterised in that by mass percentage The base oil of 92-99.8% and the pentamethylene tetrabasic ester of 0.2-8.0% stir 10- in reaction kettle in normal pressure, 20-60 DEG C Multi-alkyl cyclopentane lubricant oil composite is made in 60min.
Multi-alkyl cyclopentane lubricant oil composite be colourless or yellow liquid, 20 DEG C of density 0.8-0.9 g/cm3, 40 DEG C of fortune Kinetic viscosity 50-120 cSt, viscosity index (VI)>130, pour point<- 20 DEG C, flash-point>260 DEG C, volatilization loss (wt%, 204 DEG C, 6.5h, N2 2L/min) <0.1%, 25 DEG C of saturated vapor pressures<1×10-8 Torr。
Lubricant oil composite of the present invention, base oil is similar with additive structure, there is good compatibility.Composition has Extremely wide liquid temperature scope and extremely low volatilization loss have excellent greasy property and high temperature performance, suitable for a variety of Rub secondary lubrication, such as steel/steel, ceramic/steel, which can be used for space mechanism harsh conditions(At a high speed, height Temperature, high vacuum etc.)Under hydrodynamic lubrication.
Lubricant oil composite of the present invention, vacuum tribological property are commented using simulation vacuum condition friction wear testing machine Valency.Experiment condition:Vacuum degree, 10-4pa;Load, 3N;Rotating speed, 300 rpm;Time, 1h.Experimentally try for 9Cr18 steel balls, GCr15 steel balls or Si3N4Ball, the 9Cr18 steel disks that lower examination disk is radius 25mm.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that 9Cr18/9Cr18 frictions are secondary in vacuum environment to rub under three (2- octyldodecyls) pentamethylene lubrication Coefficient changes over time curve.
Fig. 2 is that the secondary coefficient of friction under 6 composition of embodiment lubrication of 9Cr18/9Cr18 frictions becomes at any time in vacuum environment Change curve.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
0.1mol pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid, 0.5mol 2- octyl groups are added in the 500ml three-necked flasks equipped with water knockout drum and condenser pipe Lauryl alcohol, 50ml toluene and 12.2g [HSO3-pmim ] HSO4(pmim represents hydroxypropyl methyl imidazoles) stirs and is warming up to 140 DEG C, react into water knockout drum that there is no moisture to separate.Room temperature is down to after reaction, and washing, anhydrous magnesium sulfate are dried overnight, mistake Filter, toluene and excess raw material alcohol is evaporated off after obtain pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid 2- octyldodecyls.
Embodiment 2
0.1mol pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid, 0.5mol 2- hexyls are added in the 500ml three-necked flasks equipped with water knockout drum and condenser pipe Decyl alcohol, 45ml toluene and 10.2g [HSO3-pmim ] HSO4(pmim represents hydroxypropyl methyl imidazoles) stirs and is warming up to 135 DEG C, react into water knockout drum that there is no moisture to separate.Room temperature is down to after reaction, and washing, anhydrous magnesium sulfate are dried overnight, mistake Filter, toluene and excess raw material alcohol is evaporated off after obtain pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid 2- hexyl decyl esters.
Embodiment 3
0.1mol pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid, 0.5mol 2- butyl are added in the 500ml three-necked flasks equipped with water knockout drum and condenser pipe Octanol, 40ml toluene and 8.2g [HSO3-pmim ] HSO4(pmim represents hydroxypropyl methyl imidazoles) stirs and is warming up to 128 DEG C, Into water knockout drum, there is no moisture to separate for reaction.It is down to room temperature after reaction, washing, anhydrous magnesium sulfate be dried overnight, filter, Pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid 2- butyl octyl esters are obtained after toluene and excess raw material alcohol is evaporated off.
Embodiment 4
By 50g positive decyls pentamethylene and 2.3g pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid 2- butyl octyl esters in normal pressure, 25 DEG C of stirrings in reaction kettle Lubricant oil composite is made in 15min.
Embodiment 5
By 50g n-dodecanes cyclopentane and 1.0g pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid 2- hexyl decyl esters in reaction kettle normal pressure, 30 DEG C 20min is stirred, lubricant oil composite is made.
Embodiment 6
By 50g2- octyldodecyls cyclopentane and 0.8g pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid 2- octyldodecyls in reaction kettle Normal pressure, 40 DEG C of stirring 30min, are made lubricant oil composite.
Embodiment 7
By 35g positive decyls pentamethylene, 15g n-dodecanes cyclopentane and 1.5g pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid 2- butyl octyl esters in anti- It answers in kettle in normal pressure, 30 DEG C of 40 min of stirring, lubricant oil composite is made.
Embodiment 8
By 10g positive decyls pentamethylene, 40g 2- octyldodecyls cyclopentanes and 1.1g pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid 2- octyldodecyls In reaction kettle, in normal pressure, 30 DEG C of stirring 50min, lubricant oil composite is made in base ester.
Embodiment 9
By 5g n-dodecanes cyclopentane, 45g 2- octyldodecyls cyclopentanes and 0.9g pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid 2- octyl groups ten In reaction kettle, in normal pressure, 40 DEG C of stirring 50min, lubricant oil composite is made in dialkyl ester.
Embodiment 10
By 10g positive decyls pentamethylene, 5g n-dodecanes cyclopentane, 35g 2- octyldodecyls cyclopentanes and 1.0g rings penta In reaction kettle, in normal pressure, 60 DEG C of stirring 50min, lubricant oil composite is made in alkane tetrabasic carboxylic acid 2- octyldodecyls.
Table 1 is average friction coefficient of the differentiated friction pair under lubricant oil composite of the present invention lubrication in vacuum environment.
Table 1
It is in table 1 the result shows that lubricant oil composite of the invention has good vacuum tribological property.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of multi-alkyl cyclopentane lubricant oil composite, it is characterised in that on the basis of lubricant oil composite gross weight, the combination Oil 92-99.8%, additive 0.2-8% based on the mass percentage of component contained by object and each component;The base oil is just One or more in decyl pentamethylene, n-dodecane cyclopentane and 2- octyl groups-dodecyl pentamethylene;The additive For pentamethylene tetrabasic ester, 2-4h is reacted in 120-140 DEG C in the presence of a catalyst by pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid and alcohol, is then passed through Washing, distillation are made.
2. composition as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the number of the substituent group of the positive decyl pentamethylene is 4;Institute The number for stating the substituent group of n-dodecane cyclopentane is 3;The number of the substituent group of the 2- octyl groups-dodecyl pentamethylene is 3。
3. composition as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the pentamethylene tetrabasic ester is pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid Ge Er Bert ester.
4. composition as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid Guerbet ester is selected from pentamethylene Tetrabasic carboxylic acid 2- butyl octyls ester, pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid 2- hexyls decyl ester or pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid 2- octyldodecyls.
5. composition as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the molar ratio of the alcohol and pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid is 5:1;Institute Catalyst is stated as [HSO3-pmim ] HSO4, dosage is alcohol and the 1-10 wt% of pentamethylene tetrabasic carboxylic acid gross weight.
6. the preparation method of multi-alkyl cyclopentane lubricant oil composite as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that by quality percentage The base oil of content 92-99.8% and the pentamethylene tetrabasic ester of 0.2-8.0% stir 10- in reaction kettle in normal pressure, 20-60 DEG C Multi-alkyl cyclopentane lubricant oil composite is made in 60min.
CN201711286009.3A 2017-12-07 2017-12-07 Polyalkylcyclopentane lubricating oil composition and preparation method thereof Active CN108047049B (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109370741A (en) * 2018-12-07 2019-02-22 兰州工业研究院 A kind of track switch lubricant oil composite and preparation method thereof
CN111019744A (en) * 2019-11-27 2020-04-17 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 Polyalkylcyclopentane lubricating oil composition and preparation method and application thereof
CN113388434A (en) * 2020-03-13 2021-09-14 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Extreme pressure antiwear agent composition, extreme pressure antiwear agent and space lubricant
CN114426900A (en) * 2020-10-29 2022-05-03 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Lead compound, preparation method and application thereof, and lubricating oil composition

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CN106187759A (en) * 2016-07-26 2016-12-07 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 Guerbet alcohol cyclopentane carboxylic acid ester lubricant and preparation method thereof

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US5012023A (en) * 1986-09-19 1991-04-30 Pennzoil Products Company Lubricants comprising novel cyclopentanes, cyclopentadienes, cyclopentenes, and mixtures thereof and methods of manufacture
CN106187759A (en) * 2016-07-26 2016-12-07 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 Guerbet alcohol cyclopentane carboxylic acid ester lubricant and preparation method thereof

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109370741A (en) * 2018-12-07 2019-02-22 兰州工业研究院 A kind of track switch lubricant oil composite and preparation method thereof
CN109370741B (en) * 2018-12-07 2021-08-10 兰州工业研究院 Switch lubricating oil composition and preparation method thereof
CN111019744A (en) * 2019-11-27 2020-04-17 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 Polyalkylcyclopentane lubricating oil composition and preparation method and application thereof
CN113388434A (en) * 2020-03-13 2021-09-14 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Extreme pressure antiwear agent composition, extreme pressure antiwear agent and space lubricant
CN113388434B (en) * 2020-03-13 2022-07-15 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Extreme pressure antiwear agent composition, extreme pressure antiwear agent and space lubricant
CN114426900A (en) * 2020-10-29 2022-05-03 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Lead compound, preparation method and application thereof, and lubricating oil composition
CN114426900B (en) * 2020-10-29 2022-10-21 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Lead compound, preparation method and application thereof, and lubricating oil composition

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