CN108034909B - A kind of preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN108034909B CN108034909B CN201711342093.6A CN201711342093A CN108034909B CN 108034909 B CN108034909 B CN 108034909B CN 201711342093 A CN201711342093 A CN 201711342093A CN 108034909 B CN108034909 B CN 108034909B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates, steps are as follows: is first dissolved at 450~550 DEG C, water quenching；Carry out rolling predeformation at room temperature later, total predeformation amount is 35~55%；24~60h Wetted constructures are carried out at 350~450 DEG C again；Plate is subjected to rolling deformation after 1~3h of heat preservation at 150~250 DEG C later, total deformation is 80~96%, and pass deformation is 10~30%；Recrystallization annealing, 450~550 DEG C/1~60min of condition are finally carried out in salt bath furnace.The present invention rolls predeformation using aximal deformation value, overaging is combined with intermediate annealing, 92% zerolling deformation is realized in the aluminium lithium alloy of cold plasticity difference, effectively inhibit plate cracking while being sufficiently reserved the deformation and energy storage of alloy, realize crystal grain refinement, preparing crystallite dimension is 8~10 μm of 2050 sheet alloys without cracking.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nonferrous materials and its hot-working fields, and in particular to a kind of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates
The preparation method of material.
Background technique
2050 aluminium lithium alloys are a kind of third generation aluminium lithium alloys, as a kind of novel aluminium lithium alloy, not only have tradition
Aluminium lithium alloy low-density, high elastic modulus and good fatigue behaviour, while there is outstanding thermal stability and corrosion resistance,
It is with a wide range of applications in aerospace industry.
Modern aerospace industrial requirements components monolithic molding, puts forward higher requirements the formability of material.And surpass
Plastic Forming not only can satisfy the integrally formed demand of aircraft industry, while relative to traditional forming mode, for complexity zero
The monolithic molding of part has unique advantage.And it to realize superplasticforming and carry out crystal grain refinement, but phase firstly the need of to alloy
Closing the crystal grain refinement research of 2050 alloys, at home and abroad there is not been reported, therefore has for its crystal grain refinement research particularly significant
Meaning.
The method of traditional refinement crystal grain mainly has forced plasticity deforming method and thermomechanical process, wherein forced plasticity deforming method
It, can be thin by material grains by such methods mainly including high pressure torsion, Equal Channel Angular Pressing, multiway forging and friction-stir etc.
Change to submicron order even nanoscale, but large-size components, while higher cost can not be prepared by such methods, it can not
Applied to actual industrial production；And thermomechanical treatment rule breaches these limitations, is able to produce out the fine grain plate of big specification,
Production cost is controlled simultaneously, crystalline substance is mainly refined using particle excitated Recrystallization nucleation mechanism by deformation heat treatment method
Material is carried out high temperature overaging first, a large amount of the second phase of large scale is precipitated by grain, in the subsequent operation of rolling, these
Strong deformed area is formed around the second phase of large scale, a large amount of nucleation site is provided for subsequent recrystallization annealing, reaches
Refine the purpose of crystal grain.
" influence of the temperature to 01420 aluminium lithium alloy rolling crack and crystal grain refinement ", Rare Metals Materials and engineering, 2008
Year August, the 8th phase of volume 37 are prepared for 01420 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate using deformation heat treatment method, have studied preheating temperature
Degree, intermediate anneal temperature crack to plate rolling and the influence of crystal grain refinement.The result shows that: plate is rolled at low temperature (300 DEG C of <)
System is often normally opened to be split, and start rolling temperature is increased to 400 DEG C, by plate at 340~400 DEG C after 53%~70% rolling reduction
Anneal 2h, can solve problem of Cracking.But intermediate anneal temperature has a significant impact to final recrystal grain size: temperature is
At 400 DEG C, apparent partial, re-crystallization is had occurred in alloy, and dislocation density substantially reduces, though the nothing for obtaining 82% deflection is opened
The plate split, but the coarse grains after recrystallization, average grain size is about 16 μm.When temperature is 340,370 DEG C, alloy occurs
It replys, occurs without apparent recrystallization, and annealing temperature is lower, the dislocation density retained is higher, 81% rolling reduction
Alloy recrystallization crystallite dimension be about 11 μm.
" intermediate annealing is on 2A97 aluminium lithium alloy crystal grain refinement and superplastic influence ", China YouSe Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2015
January in year, the 1st phase of volume 25 prepare 2A97 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate using thermomechanical process, using optical microscopy, thoroughly
The Test Research such as radio mirror and drawing by high temperature intermediate anneal temperature is on plate crystal grain refinement and superplastic influence.As a result table
Bright: plate, when deflection reaches 22%, cracks in room temperature rolling, with the raising of rolling temperature, cracking degree by
Step is alleviated；By start rolling temperature be increased to 400 DEG C, rolling reduction reach 88% when, respectively 240,300 and 400 DEG C carry out in
Between anneal 1h, problem of Cracking can be solved.But annealing temperature has a significant impact to superplasticity elongation, when annealing temperature is 400 DEG C
When, obvious partial, re-crystallization has occurred in alloy, and dislocation density is greatly reduced, though obtaining total deformation is 92% without cracking plate
Material, since more deformation energy storage is released, degree of grain refinement is not high, and elongation is only 260%；Annealing temperature is reduced to
Dislocation motion only has occurred and reconfigures at 240 DEG C, inside alloy, remains higher dislocation density, crystal grain is refined,
Elongation is up to 650%.
Summary of the invention
It is good that the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of grain refining effects, while the intact no cracking of gained plate
2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates preparation method.
The contents of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) it is dissolved and quenches: 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates are dissolved and are quenched, solid solubility temperature is 450~550
℃；
(2) it rolls predeformation: 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates after solution hardening being subjected to rolling predeformation at room temperature, always
Deflection is 35~55%；
(3) 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates after predeformation Wetted constructures: are subjected to 24~60h mistake at 350~450 DEG C
Ageing treatment, later natural cooling；
(4) rolling deformation: keeping the temperature 1~3h for 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates after Wetted constructures at 150~250 DEG C,
Rolling deformation is then carried out, total deformation is 80~96%；
(5) 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates after rolling recrystallization annealing: are carried out 1 using salt bath furnace at 450~550 DEG C
~60min recrystallization annealing obtains 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates.
Preferably, the 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plate is the hot rolled plate after hot rolling forming.
Preferably, the time of step (1) described solid solution is 2~4h.
Preferably, step (2) the rolling predeformation, pass deformation are 10~30%.
Preferably, can change rolling direction 1~3 time in step (2) described operation of rolling.
Preferably, step (3) Wetted constructures are that single-stage aging is handled or multistage aging is handled.
Preferably, step (4) rolling deformation, pass deformation are 10~30%.
Preferably, can change rolling direction 3~8 times in step (4) described operation of rolling.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
(1) present invention can both guarantee 2050 aluminium using big amount of rolling predeformation and (150~250 DEG C) of low temperature rollings
Lithium alloy plate is indehiscent simultaneously, and can achieve the effect that refine plate crystal grain.Although well known reduction rolling temperature can change
Kind grain refining effect, but split low temperature (300 DEG C of <) rolling is often normally opened, 300 DEG C or more of rolling temperature just has reality
Meaning increases intermediate annealing step during the rolling process in the prior art, to solve problem of Cracking.But it is closed for 2050 aluminium lithiums
For gold, although the cracking situation of plate can be effectively suppressed after intermediate annealing, plate can occur serious time
Multiple, the crystal grain after leading to final recrystallization annealing is coarseer, and the effect of refinement crystal grain is not achieved.Therefore the present invention is using big rolling
Measure predeformation, thus guarantee aluminium lithium alloy plate roll at low temperature reach it is indehiscent simultaneously, and refinement plate can be reached
The effect of crystal grain achieves the unexpected technical effect of those skilled in the art.
(2) present invention carries out rolling predeformation before Wetted constructures, and 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates after overaging are existed
1~3h is kept the temperature at 150~250 DEG C, then carries out rolling deformation, overaging is combined with intermediate annealing, solves 2050 aluminium
Lithium alloy deforms that deformation energy storage is insufficient, grain refining effect is poor at high temperature, deforms that plasticity is poor, deformability deficiency at low temperature
And problem easy to crack, the rolling deformation that aluminium lithium alloy reaches 80~96% aximal deformation values at low temperature is realized, is being retained
The cracking of plate is effectively inhibited in the case where the deformation energy storage of plate.
(3) present invention uses big amount of rolling pre-treatment, predeformation make aluminium lithium alloy plate generate a large amount of dislocations and
Zona transformans provides a large amount of nucleation site during the second phase is precipitated in subsequent Wetted constructures, and it is out-of-date to significantly promote
Second Phase Precipitation in treatment process is imitated, so that the volume fraction of 1 μm or more the second phase of large scale is mentioned by the 0.92% of non-predeformation
Up to 3.28%.And in the strong strain operation of rolling, the second phase of large scale often hinders the sliding of dislocation, and dislocation would generally be
Assemble around second phase, tangle, strong deformed area and orientation gradient is formed, to provide in final recrystallization annealing a large amount of
Recrystallization nucleation position, promote the generation of discontinuous recrystallization.
(4) that present invention introduces coarse second phase sizes after predeformation, formed after overaging is smaller, distribution is more uniform,
It alleviates crystal boundary and the possibility that stress is concentrated occurs, be conducive to the performance of plate plasticity in the subsequent operation of rolling, increase simultaneously
The quantity of transgranular the second phase of large scale, forms more deformed areas in the subsequent strong strain operation of rolling, provides more again
Crystallization nucleation position.
(5) high temperature Wetted constructures when the present invention uses long make plate generate reply, play the role of intermediate annealing, mention
The high subsequent deformability of plate.
(6) present invention combines intermediate annealing with high temperature overaging, is conducive to shorten process flow, reduces energy consumption and life
Produce cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be embodiment 1 the non-predeformation of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates and predeformation after after 400 DEG C/48h overaging
The second phase of longitudinal section distribution SEM figure, wherein (a) non-predeformation, (b) predeformation.
Fig. 2 is the photomacrograph of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates of embodiment 1.
Longitudinal section grain structure picture of the Fig. 3 for 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates after the recrystallization annealing of embodiment 1, figure
In (a) central core, (b) superficial layer.
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal section central core grain structure picture of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates of comparative example 1.
Fig. 5 is the longitudinal section central core grain structure picture of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates of comparative example 2.
Fig. 6 is the photomacrograph of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates of comparative example 3.
Fig. 7 is the longitudinal section central core grain structure picture of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates of comparative example 3.
Fig. 8 is the longitudinal section central core grain structure picture of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates of comparative example 4.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
2050 aluminium lithium alloy hot rolled plates of 25mm thickness are chosen, plate is dissolved by 520 DEG C/3h first, carries out water later
It quenches.Carry out predeformation at room temperature later, total predeformation amount is 40%, and pass deformation is 10~30%.400 after predeformation
48h Wetted constructures are carried out at DEG C.2h then is kept the temperature at 200 DEG C, is rolling to 2mm, total deformation 92%, pass deformation
It is 10~30%.470 DEG C/30min recrystallization annealing is finally carried out in salt bath furnace, obtains 2050 final aluminium lithium alloy fine grains
Plate.
The photomacrograph of 2050 prepared aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates is shown in Fig. 2.
The longitudinal section grain structure picture of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates is shown in Fig. 3 after recrystallization annealing, it is seen that crystal grain group
It is woven to uniform tiny equiax crystal, in addition, the central core average grain size of 2050 prepared aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates is
9.60 μm, superficial layer average grain size is 8.65 μm.
Comparative example 1
2050 aluminium lithium alloy hot rolled plates of 25mm thickness are chosen, the processing step before rolling is the same as embodiment 1.
2h is kept the temperature at 400 DEG C, is rolling to 2mm, total deformation 92%, pass deformation is 10~30%.Then exist
470 DEG C/30min recrystallization annealing is carried out in salt bath furnace.The longitudinal section central core crystal grain of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate of gained
Tissue picture is shown in that Fig. 4, average grain size are 21.42 μm.
Comparative example 2
2050 aluminium lithium alloy hot rolled plates of 25mm thickness are chosen, the processing step before rolling is the same as embodiment 1.
2h is kept the temperature at 300 DEG C, is rolling to 2mm, total deformation 92%, pass deformation is 10~30%.Then exist
470 DEG C/30min recrystallization annealing is carried out in salt bath furnace.The longitudinal section central core crystal grain of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate of gained
Tissue picture is shown in that Fig. 5, average grain size are 17.11 μm.
Pass through the comparative analysis of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, it is known that, when rolling temperature is higher, there are large scale the second phase grains
Sub- surrounding dislocation aggregation extent is inadequate, and misorientation gradient is insufficient, cannot provide enough nucleation sites for subsequent recrystallization, lead
It causes grain refining effect poor, is unable to satisfy the requirement of superplastic deformation.
Comparative example 3
2050 aluminium lithium alloy hot rolled plates of 25mm thickness are chosen, plate is dissolved by 520 DEG C/3h first, carries out water later
It quenches, then carries out Wetted constructures under the conditions of 400 DEG C/48h, 2mm is rolling to after then keeping the temperature 2h at 200 DEG C, after rolling
2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates have cracked, and photomacrograph is shown in Fig. 6.470 DEG C/30min recrystallization annealing is carried out in salt bath furnace
Afterwards, the longitudinal section central core grain structure picture of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate of gained is shown in that Fig. 7, average grain size are
13.16μm。
Pass through the comparative analysis of Fig. 2 and Fig. 6, it is known that, when further decreasing rolling temperature to 200 DEG C, if without room temperature
Pre-treatment cracks after 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plate rollings, severe edge fracture not only occurs, while largely splitting occurs in middle part
Line；And after aximal deformation value rolls pre-treatment, the final gained intact no cracking of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates.This is because
If the second phase of large scale generated after overaging is unevenly distributed, and integrated distribution is in crystal boundary without room temperature pre-treatment
Place can cause grain boundaries stress to be concentrated in the subsequent operation of rolling, cause 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates to crack, influence alloy plasticity
Performance；And after using the rolling predeformation of aximal deformation value, high temperature overaging plays the role of intermediate annealing, improves
The 2050 subsequent deformabilities of aluminium lithium alloy plate.
Pass through the comparative analysis of Fig. 3 and Fig. 7, it is known that, 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates of room temperature predeformation are not carried out not
Only serious cracking, while crystallite dimension is larger, the average grain size of longitudinal section central core is 13.16 μm, is unable to satisfy super modeling
Property deformation demand；And the longitudinal section central core average crystal grain ruler of the 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates after room temperature predeformation
Very little is 9.60 μm, and grain refining effect significantly improves.This is because after room temperature pre-treatment, what subsequent overaging was formed
Large scale second phase volume fraction is substantially improved, and quantity is obviously improved, and these second phases of large scale can become subsequent processing
Middle Recrystallization nucleation position, promotes the generation of discontinuous recrystallization, to significantly improve grain refining effect.
Comparative example 4
2050 aluminium lithium alloys are dissolved by 520 DEG C/3h, carry out water quenching later, then carry out under the conditions of 400 DEG C/48h it is out-of-date
Effect processing, is rolling to 2mm after then keeping the temperature 2h at 200 DEG C, in the operation of rolling at 200 DEG C to 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates into
2 20min intermediate annealing of row, total deformation 92% then carry out 470 DEG C/30min recrystallization annealing in salt bath furnace.Institute
The longitudinal section central core grain structures of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates is shown in Fig. 8,44.54 μm of average grain size.
Since rolling crack is serious at 200 DEG C for 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates, during the rolling process at 200 DEG C
1~3 20min intermediate annealing is carried out to 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates, after intermediate annealing, although plate cracking situation obtains
Effectively inhibit, but pass through the comparative analysis of Fig. 3 and Fig. 8, it is known that, serious reply occurs for plate, causes finally to recrystallize and move back
Crystal grain is coarseer after fire.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates, which comprises the steps of:
(1) it is dissolved and quenches: 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates are dissolved and are quenched, solid solubility temperature is 450~550 DEG C；
(2) it rolls predeformation: 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates after solution hardening is subjected to rolling predeformation, total deformation at room temperature
Amount is 35~55%；
(3) 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates after predeformation Wetted constructures: are subjected to 24~60h overaging at 350~450 DEG C
Processing, cools down in air later；
(4) rolling deformation: 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates after Wetted constructures are kept the temperature into 1~3h at 150~250 DEG C, then
Rolling deformation is carried out, total deformation is 80~96%；
(5) recrystallization annealing: by 2050 aluminium lithium alloy plates after rolling at 450~550 DEG C using salt bath furnace carry out 1~
60min recrystallization annealing obtains 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plates.
2. the preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the 2050 aluminium lithium
Sheet alloy is the hot rolled plate after hot rolling forming.
3. the preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that step (1) institute
The time for stating solid solution is 2 ~ 4h.
4. the preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that step (2) institute
Rolling predeformation is stated, pass deformation is 10~30%.
5. the preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that step (2) institute
Stating can change rolling direction 1~3 time in the operation of rolling.
6. the preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that step (3) institute
Wetted constructures are stated as multistage aging processing.
7. the preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that step (4) institute
Rolling deformation is stated, pass deformation is 10~30%.
8. the preparation method of 2050 aluminium lithium alloy fine grain plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that step (4) institute
Stating can change rolling direction 3~8 times in the operation of rolling.
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| CN109385588B (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2020-04-14 | 湖南恒佳新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-toughness 2050 aluminum alloy medium plate |
| CN110541131B (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-02-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Al-Cu-Li alloy thermomechanical treatment process based on particle-excited nucleation |
| CN112281035B (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2021-07-27 | 重庆文理学院 | Preparation method of metal alloy with excellent comprehensive performance |
| CN111057975B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-03-05 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Preparation method of aluminum-lithium alloy superplastic fine-grain plate |
| CN111438219A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-07-24 | 贵州航天新力铸锻有限责任公司 | Processing and forming method of aluminum-lithium alloy thick plate homogeneous fine grains |
| CN115896652B (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2024-05-03 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of superplastic aluminum-lithium alloy fine-grain plate with high strain rate |
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| CN101660034A (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2010-03-03 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of texture controllable fine grain metal material based on large strain deformation and recrystallization |
| CN106480385A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-03-08 | 中南大学 | A kind of raising aluminium lithium alloy thin plate strong plasticity solid solution pre-treating method and its heat treatment method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101660034A (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2010-03-03 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of texture controllable fine grain metal material based on large strain deformation and recrystallization |
| CN106480385A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-03-08 | 中南大学 | A kind of raising aluminium lithium alloy thin plate strong plasticity solid solution pre-treating method and its heat treatment method |
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