CN108023523A - A kind of electric vehicle motor controller main circuit - Google Patents
A kind of electric vehicle motor controller main circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108023523A CN108023523A CN201810066443.9A CN201810066443A CN108023523A CN 108023523 A CN108023523 A CN 108023523A CN 201810066443 A CN201810066443 A CN 201810066443A CN 108023523 A CN108023523 A CN 108023523A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- igbt
- emitters
- collectors
- diode
- electric machine
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electric vehicle motor controller main circuit, it includes：Capacitance C；Power device IGBT：V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6, V7, V8 and V9；Diode：D1, D2 and D3；And the connection relation of above-mentioned each component.For the present invention when electric machine controller breaks down and protects, the induced potential produced by permanent magnet synchronous motor power generation is not rectified to the path of electric machine controller DC side, avoids due to the excessive caused capacitance of DC voltage, IGBT damages.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric automobile or New energy automobile motor control field, more particularly to a kind of motor in electric automobile
Controller main circuit.
Background technology
As people are higher and higher to the attention degree of environment, electric automobile replacing fuel oil automobile has become one kind and becomes
Gesture.In the driving device of electric automobile --- in motor, because the characteristic such as high efficiency and high power density of permanent magnet synchronous motor,
Widely applied on electric automobile.But permanent magnet synchronous motor has a characteristic, i.e. stator non-transformer is powered, and only rotor rotates
When, motor will be in generating state, and stator will produce induced voltage, and induced voltage is directly proportional to rotating speed size.
Permanent magnet synchronous motor is powered by electric machine controller.Current electric machine controller is using three-phase bridge type inverse electricity
Road, inverter circuit are mainly made of inverse switch pipe IGBT, and electric machine controller is by three-phase inverter bridge circuit, by DC inversion
For three-phase alternating current, permanent magnet synchronous motor is supplied.In reversals, because there is the needs of afterflow, each equal inverse parallel of IGBT
One diode, under this configuration, if electric machine controller because certain reason is protected, stops electric machine controller work immediately
Make, permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor will remain in operation because of inertia, and stator side will produce induced electromotive force, this induced electromotive force
Rectification will be carried out by antiparallel diode, the DC voltage of generation will be applied directly on DC capacitor and IGBT.If
Automobile is run with a higher rotating speed, then the DC voltage of generation will exceed capacitance or the voltage of IGBT bears energy
Power, causes capacitance or IGBT permanent damages.
The content of the invention
Electric machine controller is avoided it is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide one kind because error protection
And the electric vehicle motor controller main circuit damaged by the induced electromotive force rectification of motor.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions：A kind of electric vehicle motor controller main circuit,
It includes：
Capacitance C；
Power device IGBT：V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6, V7, V8 and V9；
Diode：D1, D2 and D3；
Permanent magnet synchronous motor has U, V and W phase；
One end of capacitance C is connected to electric machine controller direct-flow positive pole P, and the other end is connected to electric machine controller direct current anode N；
IGBT V1 collectors are connected to P, and IGBT V1 emitters are connected to U phases；IGBT V2 emitters are connected to IGBT V1
Collector, IGBT V2 collectors connection IGBT V1 emitters；
IGBT V3 collectors are connected to P, and IGBT V3 emitters are connected to V phases；IGBT V4 emitters are connected to IGBT V3
Collector, IGBT V4 collectors connection IGBT V3 emitters；
IGBT V5 collectors are connected to P, and IGBT V5 emitters are connected to W phases；IGBT V6 emitters are connected to IGBT V5
Collector, IGBT V6 collectors connection IGBT V5 emitters；
IGBT V7 collectors connect U phases, and IGBT V7 emitters are connected to N；Diode D1 anodes are connected to IGBT V7 transmittings
Pole, diode D1 cathodes are connected to IGBT V7 collectors；
IGBT V8 collectors connect V phases, and IGBT V8 emitters are connected to N；Diode D2 anodes are connected to IGBT V8 transmittings
Pole, diode D2 cathodes are connected to IGBT V8 collectors；
IGBT V9 collectors connect W phases, and IGBT V9 emitters are connected to N；Diode D3 anodes are connected to IGBT V9 transmittings
Pole, diode D3 cathodes are connected to IGBT V9 collectors.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention is when electric machine controller breaks down and protects, because permanent magnet synchronous motor is sent out
Induced potential that is electric and producing is not rectified to the path of electric machine controller DC side, avoids and is led since DC voltage is excessive
The capacitance of cause, IGBT damages.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
It is as described below.
Electric automobile largely uses permanent magnet synchronous motor at present, permanent magnet synchronous motor as electric machine controller load when
Wait, if motor operates in more than Rated motor rotating speed, electric machine controller can take weak magnetic control, and controller output voltage is steady
Rated voltage is scheduled on, once system jam, electric machine controller stops exporting for protection system, and no longer motor is carried out
Control, motor because inertia or other reasons can still be rotated with very high speed, and controller no longer to output voltage into
Row control, motor at this moment are in generating state, and motor stator will produce very high induced voltage, and induced voltage will be by
Diode rectification in electric machine controller inverter circuit is to electric machine controller DC side.DC voltage after rectification is because motor control
Device processed is in guard mode and uncontrollable, may result in the capacitance in electric machine controller, IGBT bears energy more than the pressure-resistant of itself
Power and damage.Do not there is a kind of effective method to prevent such case at present, when there is such case, often put no
Reason, is allowed to occur.The present invention provides a kind of electric machine controller main circuit, when permanent magnet synchronous motor is in generating state, inversion
Circuit does not form rectification circuit, and induced voltage will not be passed to electric machine controller DC side, solves existing main circuit and exists
In this case the problem of component can be damaged.
The connection relation of circuit is as shown in Figure 1, a kind of electric vehicle motor controller main circuit, it includes：
Capacitance C；
Power device IGBT：V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6, V7, V8 and V9；
Diode：D1, D2 and D3；
Permanent magnet synchronous motor has U, V and W phase；
One end of capacitance C is connected to electric machine controller direct-flow positive pole P, and the other end is connected to electric machine controller direct current anode N；
IGBT V1 collectors are connected to P, and IGBT V1 emitters are connected to U phases；IGBT V2 emitters are connected to IGBT V1
Collector, IGBT V2 collectors connection IGBT V1 emitters；
IGBT V3 collectors are connected to P, and IGBT V3 emitters are connected to V phases；IGBT V4 emitters are connected to IGBT V3
Collector, IGBT V4 collectors connection IGBT V3 emitters；
IGBT V5 collectors are connected to P, and IGBT V5 emitters are connected to W phases；IGBT V6 emitters are connected to IGBT V5
Collector, IGBT V6 collectors connection IGBT V5 emitters；
IGBT V7 collectors connect U phases, and IGBT V7 emitters are connected to N；Diode D1 anodes are connected to IGBT V7 transmittings
Pole, diode D1 cathodes are connected to IGBT V7 collectors；
IGBT V8 collectors connect V phases, and IGBT V8 emitters are connected to N；Diode D2 anodes are connected to IGBT V8 transmittings
Pole, diode D2 cathodes are connected to IGBT V8 collectors；
IGBT V9 collectors connect W phases, and IGBT V9 emitters are connected to N；Diode D3 anodes are connected to IGBT V9 transmittings
Pole, diode D3 cathodes are connected to IGBT V9 collectors.
Principle explanation：
It is high-voltage dc voltage between P and N, is directly connected to the power battery of electric automobile.C is the direct current of electric machine controller
Support Capacitor, circuit work in play a part of stable DC and bypass exchange.V1, V2, V7, D1 form three-phase bridge type inverse electricity
A wherein phase on road, V3, V4, V8, D2 form a wherein phase for three-phase inverter bridge circuit, and V5, V6, V9, D3 form three-phase bridge
A wherein phase for formula inverter circuit.U, V, W are three-phase alternating current output.Preferably to carry out principle explanation, it is assumed that specified between P-N
Voltage 520V, because cell voltage has fluctuation, operating voltage is up to 800V between designing P-N, and capacitance C selects pressure-resistant 800V.
And the diode in figure and IGBT are at work due to on-off action, it will bear the peak voltage of higher, therefore, diode with
IGBT is pressure-resistant selected as 1200V.
According to three-phase inverter bridge circuit control theory, break-make control is carried out to V1, V3, V5, V7, V8, V9 by certain rule
System, when P-N ends input stable DC voltage, U, V, W will export the SPWM voltages of three-phase symmetrical, and the voltage is equivalent to sine
Voltage, the load for drive motor controller --- motor.
However, motor is an inductance device, when inductance is as loading, it is that electric current cannot moment that inductance, which has a characteristic,
Mutation.If a certain moment, electric current, by U flow direction motors, then flows out through V from V1 and by V8 flows to anode N, in subsequent time,
V1 is turned off, and the electric current in motor cannot be mutated, then diode D1 will be turned on, and electric current flows to U by D1, then is flowed through by V
V4 returns to capacitance.In this process, V4 is constantly in conducting state, and D2, V4 will play a part of afterflow.Similarly：If
V2, V4, V6 are constantly in conducting state in electric machine controller whole work process, then will be in D1, D2, D3, V2, V4, V6
The freewheeling circuit of inverter circuit is formed together.If electric machine controller break down and produce protection, V2, V4, V6 by controlled and
Cut-off.
Assuming that Rated motor running speed n1, maximum speed n2, even can exceed n2 in the case of out of control.Normal conditions
Under, n2>2*n1.Assuming that motor is run in the case of more than n1, electric machine controller is in weak magnetic state of a control, and electric machine controller is defeated
Go out voltage stabilization in the case where the exchange produced with 520V DC inversions is about 360V, because weak magnetic controls, in n2 and during more than n2, electricity
Machine controller output is that input end of motor voltage is always 360V.
If system breaks down, for electric machine controller in order to protect itself, electric machine controller can turn off all IGBT.This
When, permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor is because inertia or other reasons, and still in operating condition, motor is in generating state, and U, V, W will
Produce higher induced electromotive force.If motor operation speed is very high, or more serious out of control, considerably beyond maximum speed
N2, the induced electromotive force that U, V, W are produced may exceed 2*360V=720V (it is different or motor is different according to actual conditions, very
To can be considerably beyond 720V), the crest voltage after 720V AC rectifications is 720V*1.414=1018V.This voltage has surpassed
Cross the pressure-resistant 800V of capacitance C.Worse situation is exactly pressure-resistant 1200V of the crest voltage after rectification more than IGBT.And in this hair
Because V2, V4, V6 are full-controlled device IGBT in bright, it has been turned off.U, the induced electromotive force between V, W is not rectified to P_N
The path of side, P_N sides are not subject to the high pressure produced by induced voltage rectification, and capacitance will not bear high pressure, and IGBT also will place
In the state of safety.The feelings damaged so as to avoid electric machine controller because of error protection by the induced electromotive force rectification of motor
Condition.
Therefore, the upper bridge arm afterflow component of inverter circuit is not the uncontrollable device diode used, but use
Full-controlled device IGBT, when load motor generates electricity and produces induced electromotive force, afterflow IGBT shut-offs, no rectifying path, motor control
Device direct current P_N sides achieve the purpose that to protect the devices such as capacitance and IGBT not damaged by high pressure without high pressure.
In conclusion the present invention produces high induced electromotive force when being in generating state for permanent magnet synchronous motor, and pass through
Fly-wheel diode rectification produces high pressure damage capacitance, this shortcoming of IGBT makes improvement, is led to by blocking induced potential rectification
Road so that even if permanent magnet synchronous motor is rotated in high speed, when producing high induced electromotive force, electric machine controller is still in safety
State.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is noted that all
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principles in the present invention etc., should be included in the guarantor of the present invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of electric vehicle motor controller main circuit, it is characterised in that it includes：
Capacitance C；
Power device IGBT：V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6, V7, V8 and V9；
Diode：D1, D2 and D3；
One end of capacitance C is connected to electric machine controller direct-flow positive pole P, and the other end is connected to electric machine controller direct current anode N；
IGBT V1 collectors are connected to P, and IGBT V1 emitters are connected to U phases；IGBT V2 emitters are connected to IGBT V1 current collections
Pole, IGBT V2 collectors connection IGBT V1 emitters；
IGBT V3 collectors are connected to P, and IGBT V3 emitters are connected to V phases；IGBT V4 emitters are connected to IGBT V3 current collections
Pole, IGBT V4 collectors connection IGBT V3 emitters；
IGBT V5 collectors are connected to P, and IGBT V5 emitters are connected to W phases；IGBT V6 emitters are connected to IGBT V5 current collections
Pole, IGBT V6 collectors connection IGBT V5 emitters；
IGBT V7 collectors connect U phases, and IGBT V7 emitters are connected to N；Diode D1 anodes are connected to IGBT V7 emitters,
Diode D1 cathodes are connected to IGBT V7 collectors；
IGBT V8 collectors connect V phases, and IGBT V8 emitters are connected to N；Diode D2 anodes are connected to IGBT V8 emitters,
Diode D2 cathodes are connected to IGBT V8 collectors；
IGBT V9 collectors connect W phases, and IGBT V9 emitters are connected to N；Diode D3 anodes are connected to IGBT V9 emitters,
Diode D3 cathodes are connected to IGBT V9 collectors.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810066443.9A CN108023523A (en) | 2018-01-24 | 2018-01-24 | A kind of electric vehicle motor controller main circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810066443.9A CN108023523A (en) | 2018-01-24 | 2018-01-24 | A kind of electric vehicle motor controller main circuit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108023523A true CN108023523A (en) | 2018-05-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810066443.9A Pending CN108023523A (en) | 2018-01-24 | 2018-01-24 | A kind of electric vehicle motor controller main circuit |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112440760A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-03-05 | 郑州嘉晨电器有限公司 | Forklift ramp motor control method |
| CN114056125A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-02-18 | 天津英捷利汽车技术有限责任公司 | Downhill speed-limiting protection method for pure electric vehicle |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112440760A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-03-05 | 郑州嘉晨电器有限公司 | Forklift ramp motor control method |
| CN112498123A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-03-16 | 郑州嘉晨电器有限公司 | Method for stabilizing sliding speed of forklift ramp |
| CN112440760B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2022-02-22 | 河南嘉晨智能控制股份有限公司 | Forklift ramp motor control method |
| CN114056125A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-02-18 | 天津英捷利汽车技术有限责任公司 | Downhill speed-limiting protection method for pure electric vehicle |
| CN114056125B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-12-26 | 天津英捷利汽车技术有限责任公司 | Downhill speed limiting protection method for pure electric vehicle |
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Application publication date: 20180511 |
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